CN105977534A - Functional electrolyte for secondary lithium-sulfur battery and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Functional electrolyte for secondary lithium-sulfur battery and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105977534A
CN105977534A CN201610453973.XA CN201610453973A CN105977534A CN 105977534 A CN105977534 A CN 105977534A CN 201610453973 A CN201610453973 A CN 201610453973A CN 105977534 A CN105977534 A CN 105977534A
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China
Prior art keywords
electrolyte
sulfur battery
lithium
additive
secondary lithium
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Pending
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CN201610453973.XA
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Inventor
王久林
王丽娜
杨军
努丽燕娜
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Shanghai Jiaotong University
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Shanghai Jiaotong University
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/056Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
    • H01M10/0564Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
    • H01M10/0566Liquid materials
    • H01M10/0567Liquid materials characterised by the additives
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

The present invention relates to a functional electrolyte for a secondary lithium-sulfur battery and a preparation method thereof. The electrolyte includes lithium salt, an organic solvent and an additive. A concentration of the lithium salt in the electrolyte is 0.5-5mol/L. A mass percent concentration of the additive in the electrolyte is 0.1-30%. The preparation method includes the steps of adding the lithium salt into the organic solvent, stirring uniformly so as to prepare the electrolyte, then adding the additive into the electrolyte, and continuing to stir till mixing uniformly, so as to obtain the functional electrolyte for the secondary lithium-sulfur battery. Compared with the prior art, a stable interface protection membrane is formed on the positive electrode surface, capacity retention rate and rate discharge capacity of a lithium-sulfur battery are improved remarkably, and the electrochemical performance of the lithium-sulfur battery is enhanced.

Description

A kind of secondary lithium-sulfur battery function electrolyte and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electrolyte and preparation method thereof, especially relate to a kind of secondary lithium-sulfur battery function Electrolyte and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Conventional lithium ion battery is held quantitative limitation by its positive electrode, energy density relatively low (about 150Wh kg-1), The demand of Large Electric car cannot be met, and chargeable lithium-sulfur cell has appreciable theoretical energy density (2600Wh kg-1).Based on the research before us, Li/S@pPAN battery is at 1M LiPF6/EC+DMC (1:1, v/v) electrolyte system shows best cycle performance, but its capability retention and high rate performance are still Have much room for improvement.This mainly can be attributed in lithium-sulfur cell charge and discharge process, due to the organic solvent in electrolyte And lithium salts decomposes generation gas and the formation of organic compound participation solid electrolyte membrane, at S@pPAN just cause Surface, pole fails to form one layer of stable SEI film.
Summary of the invention
Defect that the purpose of the present invention is contemplated to overcome above-mentioned prior art to exist and provide a kind of capacity that improves to protect Secondary lithium-sulfur battery function electrolyte of holdup and high rate performance and preparation method thereof.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of secondary lithium-sulfur battery function electrolyte, comprises lithium salts, organic solvent and additive, described lithium salts Concentration in the electrolytic solution is 0.5-5mol/L, and described additive mass percent concentration in the electrolytic solution is 0.1-30%.
Described additive is selected from three (trimethyl silane) borate (TMSB), tricresyl phosphate (2,2,2-trifluoro second Base) one or more in ester (TFEP) or ethyoxyl five fluorine ring three phosphonitrile (PFPN).Such additive energy Interfacial film that one layer fine and close, that resistivity is low is formed, it is to avoid electrolyte and electrode material carry out pair at sulfur positive electrode surface Reaction, plays the effect of stable interface, considerably improves cyclical stability and the high rate performance of lithium-sulfur rechargeable battery.
Preferably, additive is three (trimethyl silane) borate (TMSB).
Preferably, additive is ethyoxyl five fluorine ring three phosphonitrile (PFPN).
Very little, effect is little for addition, adds too many, and owing to additive viscosity is relatively large, cost is of a relatively high, All battery performance and application are produced harmful effect, therefore preferably, additive mass percent in the electrolytic solution is dense Degree is 1-20%.
Described lithium salts is LiPF6、LiBF4、LiBOB、LiBC2O4F2、LiClO4、LiCF3SO3、LiN(FSO2)2 Or LiN (CF3SO2)2One or more.
One or more in carbonate based organic solvent or ether organic solvent of described organic solvent.
Preferably, carbonate based organic solvent be ethylene carbonate, vinylene carbonate, fluorinated ethylene carbonate, One or more of Allyl carbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate or diethyl carbonate.
Preferably, ether organic solvent is dioxolane, dioxane, glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol diformazan One or more in ether, tetraethyleneglycol dimethyl ether, ethylene glycol diethyl ether or diethylene glycol diethyl ether.
The preparation method of a kind of secondary lithium-sulfur battery function electrolyte, adds lithium salts in organic solvent, and stirring is all It is configured to electrolyte after even, in electrolyte, then adds additive, continue to stir to mix homogeneously, i.e. obtain two Secondary lithium-sulfur cell function electrolyte.
The secondary lithium-sulfur battery that the function electrolyte prepared assembles, its sulfenyl material used is elemental sulfur S8、 Many lithium sulfides, sulfenyl composite, organosulfur compound or carbon-sulfur polymer;
Described many lithium sulfides chemical formula is: Li2Sn, wherein, 1≤n≤8;
Described carbon-sulfur polymer chemical formula is: (C2Sx)n, wherein, x is 2~20, n >=2;
Described sulfenyl composite is: after elemental sulfur mixes with polyacrylonitrile in mass ratio 2~16:1, protects at nitrogen Protect down and be heated to 250~400 DEG C and be incubated and obtain for 1~16 hour.This kind of function electrolyte and sulfur positive electrode Compatible good, battery performance is had and arrives very much raising.
Compared with prior art, the present invention can significantly increase the chemical property of secondary lithium-sulfur battery, reaches to carry High power capacity conservation rate and the purpose of high rate performance.Three (trimethyl silane) Borated Ester Additives such as added can be Sulfur positive electrode surface forms interfacial film that one layer fine and close, that resistivity is low, thus considerably improves lithium-sulfur rechargeable battery Cyclical stability and high rate performance.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the electrolytic conductivity curve chart with three (trimethyl silane) borate changes of contents;
Fig. 2 is that the lithium-sulfur cell assembled by the electrolyte of different three (trimethyl silane) borate content follows first The lower AC impedance figure surveyed of open circuit after ring;
Fig. 3 is that the lithium-sulfur cell assembled by the electrolyte of different three (trimethyl silane) borate content is the most forthright Can comparison diagram;
Fig. 4 is that the lithium-sulfur cell assembled by the electrolyte of different three (trimethyl silane) borate content is in room temperature Under the conditions of cycle performance and coulombic efficiency figure;
Fig. 5 is that the lithium-sulfur cell assembled by the electrolyte of different three (trimethyl silane) borate content is at high temperature Cycle performance under condition (60 DEG C) and coulombic efficiency figure.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is described in detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.Following example will assist in ability The technical staff in territory is further appreciated by the present invention, but limits the present invention the most in any form.It should be pointed out that, it is right For those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, it is also possible to make some adjustment And improvement.These broadly fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
1:1 uniform mixed carbonic acid vinyl acetate and ethyl methyl carbonate by volume in glove box, molten to this mixing Agent adds LiPF6, stir, make the electrolyte that concentration is 0.5mol/L.Add in this electrolyte again Three (trimethyl silane) Borated Ester Additives, obtains function electrolyte, and described additive accounts for the quality of electrolyte gross weight Degree is respectively 0.1%, and 1%, 2.5%, 5%, 10%.
Embodiment 2
1:3 uniform mixed carbonic acid vinyl acetate and glycol dimethyl ether by volume in glove box, to this mixed solvent Middle addition LiN (FSO2)2, stir, make the electrolyte that concentration is 5mol/L.Add in this electrolyte again Entering tricresyl phosphate (2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) ester additive, obtain function electrolyte, described additive accounts for electrolyte gross weight Mass percentage content be respectively 0.1%, 5%, 10%, 20%, 30%.
Embodiment 3
In glove box, 1:4 uniformly mixes dioxolane and glycol dimethyl ether by volume, in this mixed solvent Add LiN (CF3SO2)2With LiN (FSO2)2Each 1mol/L, stirs.Ethoxy is added again in this electrolyte Base five fluorine ring three phosphonitrile (PFPN) additive, obtains function electrolyte, and described additive accounts for the matter of electrolyte gross weight Amount degree is respectively 1%, and 5%, 10%, 20%.
Embodiment 4
In glove box, 1:3:3 uniformly mixes fluorinated ethylene carbonate, dioxolane and diethylene glycol two by volume Methyl ether, adds LiN (FSO in this mixed solvent2)2, stir, make the electrolyte that concentration is 2mol/L. Tricresyl phosphate (2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) ester of the weight such as addition and three (trimethyl silane) boron in this electrolyte again Acid esters additive, obtains function electrolyte, and described additive accounts for the mass percentage content of electrolyte gross weight and is respectively 1%, 5%, 10%, 20%.
Embodiment 5
Electrical conductivity is tested
It is respectively 0% with additive level under conductivity measurement test room temperature, 0.5%, 1%, 2.5%, 5%, The electrical conductivity of 10% electrolyte (electrolyte of embodiment 1), it is judged that the additive impact on electrolytic conductivity. Electrolyte is poured into respectively in inlab 710 electrical conductivity test pond (Metter Toledo, Switzerland), use FE30 Its electrical conductivity tested by conductivity meter, and result is shown in Fig. 1.As shown in Figure 1, a small amount of additive electricity to blank electrolysis liquid Conductance impact is less.
Embodiment 6
It is assembled into battery and carries out electrochemical property test
The preparation of positive electrode: by sulfenyl material, conductive carbon Super P, binding agent PTFE 80:10:10 in proportion Uniformly mixing, adds ethanol in proper amount dispersion, heats up and boil off excess of solvent, roll film forming with roll squeezer, make diameter The disk of 12mm, is pressed in nickel foam.This sulfenyl material is that sulfenyl composite is: elemental sulfur and polyacrylonitrile After 10:1 in mass ratio (can be arbitrary value in 4~16:1) mixing, being heated to 300 DEG C under nitrogen protection (can It is arbitrary value in 250~400 DEG C) and (can be arbitrary value in 1~16 hour) obtains to be incubated 12 hours.
The assembling of battery and test: with ENTEK PE film as barrier film, lithium sheet is negative pole, and additive level is respectively It is 0.5%, the electrolyte (electrolyte in embodiment 1) of 1%, 2.5%, 5%, 10% and blank electrolysis liquid, And sulfur-based positive electrode forms 2016 type button cells, between 1.0~3.0V, carry out charge-discharge test, use CHI604D electrochemical workstation test battery AC impedance under open-circuit voltage.
Each button cell impedance after the circulation of charge and discharge first is as shown in Figure 2.Along with the increase of additive level, electrode The impedance of/electrolyte interface significantly increases, and particularly when additive level is 10%, electrochemical impedance significantly increases. The high rate performance of lithium-sulfur cell containing the most commensurability additive compares as it is shown on figure 3, along with the increase of additive level, Its high rate performance is substantially deteriorated, and when the amount of additive is 1%, the high rate performance of corresponding lithium-sulfur cell behaves oneself best. The repeatedly charge-discharge test of the lithium-sulfur cell assembled by the electrolyte of 1% 3 (trimethyl silane) borate content Result such as Fig. 4 (room temperature), shown in Fig. 5 (high temperature 60 DEG C), when additive level is 1%, lithium-sulfur cell exists Cyclical stability under room temperature and high temperature is all significantly improved.

Claims (10)

1. a secondary lithium-sulfur battery function electrolyte, it is characterised in that this electrolyte comprises lithium salts, organic Solvent and additive, described lithium salts concentration in the electrolytic solution is 0.5-5mol/L, and described additive is in electrolysis Mass percent concentration in liquid is 0.1-30%.
A kind of secondary lithium-sulfur battery function electrolyte the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute The additive stated is selected from three (trimethyl silane) borate (TMSB), tricresyl phosphate (2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) ester (TFEP) one or more or in ethyoxyl five fluorine ring three phosphonitrile (PFPN).
A kind of secondary lithium-sulfur battery function electrolyte the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute The additive stated preferably three (trimethyl silane) borate (TMSB).
A kind of secondary lithium-sulfur battery function electrolyte the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute The additive preferred ethyoxyl five fluorine ring three phosphonitrile (PFPN) stated.
5., according to a kind of secondary lithium-sulfur battery function electrolyte according to any one of claim 1-4, it is special Levying and be, described additive mass percent concentration in the electrolytic solution is preferably 1-20%.
A kind of secondary lithium-sulfur battery function electrolyte the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute The lithium salts stated is LiPF6、LiBF4、LiBOB、LiBC2O4F2、LiClO4、LiCF3SO3、LiN(FSO2)2 Or LiN (CF3SO2)2One or more.
A kind of secondary lithium-sulfur battery function electrolyte the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute One or more in carbonate based organic solvent or ether organic solvent of the organic solvent stated.
A kind of secondary lithium-sulfur battery function electrolyte the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that institute The carbonate based organic solvent stated is ethylene carbonate, vinylene carbonate, fluorinated ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate One or more of ester, ethyl methyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate or diethyl carbonate.
A kind of secondary lithium-sulfur battery function electrolyte the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that institute The ether organic solvent stated is dioxolane, dioxane, glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, tetrem One or more in glycol dimethyl ether, ethylene glycol diethyl ether or diethylene glycol diethyl ether.
The preparation method of a kind of secondary lithium-sulfur battery function electrolyte the most as claimed in claim 1, its feature It is, the party's normal direction organic solvent adds lithium salts, is configured to electrolyte after stirring, then in electrolyte Add additive, continue to stir to mix homogeneously, i.e. obtain secondary lithium-sulfur battery function electrolyte.
CN201610453973.XA 2016-06-21 2016-06-21 Functional electrolyte for secondary lithium-sulfur battery and preparation method thereof Pending CN105977534A (en)

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Cited By (12)

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CN106450455A (en) * 2016-10-20 2017-02-22 重庆工业职业技术学院 High-efficiency lithium-sulfur battery additive and application method thereof
CN107181004A (en) * 2017-07-05 2017-09-19 山东大学 A kind of lithium-sulfur cell electrolyte and the lithium-sulfur cell using the electrolyte
CN108336405A (en) * 2017-12-18 2018-07-27 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 A kind of lithium-sulfur cell function electrolyte and preparation method thereof
CN109411816A (en) * 2018-10-25 2019-03-01 河南省法恩莱特新能源科技有限公司 A kind of high magnification electrolyte of lithium ion battery
CN109599592A (en) * 2018-11-07 2019-04-09 上海交通大学 A kind of secondary lithium-sulfur battery intrinsic safety electrolyte and preparation method thereof
CN110350251A (en) * 2019-07-26 2019-10-18 南京海泰纳米材料有限公司 A kind of high-temperature and high-presure resistent sulphur electrolyte for lithium cells and preparation method thereof
CN110611084A (en) * 2018-06-15 2019-12-24 武汉大学 Lithium-sulfur secondary battery with long cycle life and 100% coulombic efficiency
CN111384441A (en) * 2018-12-27 2020-07-07 浙江省化工研究院有限公司 Battery electrolyte additive, electrolyte containing additive and lithium ion battery
CN111640939A (en) * 2020-05-22 2020-09-08 华中科技大学 Sulfur cathode material based on solid-phase reaction mechanism and preparation method thereof
CN111755745A (en) * 2020-06-18 2020-10-09 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 Lithium-sulfur battery electrolyte and liquid injection method thereof
JPWO2021090666A1 (en) * 2019-11-05 2021-05-14
CN114512733A (en) * 2022-01-21 2022-05-17 厦门大学 Method for improving electrochemical performance of lithium-sulfur battery

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CN107181004A (en) * 2017-07-05 2017-09-19 山东大学 A kind of lithium-sulfur cell electrolyte and the lithium-sulfur cell using the electrolyte
CN108336405A (en) * 2017-12-18 2018-07-27 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 A kind of lithium-sulfur cell function electrolyte and preparation method thereof
CN110611084B (en) * 2018-06-15 2023-03-24 武汉大学 Lithium-sulfur secondary battery with long cycle life and 100% coulombic efficiency
CN110611084A (en) * 2018-06-15 2019-12-24 武汉大学 Lithium-sulfur secondary battery with long cycle life and 100% coulombic efficiency
CN109411816A (en) * 2018-10-25 2019-03-01 河南省法恩莱特新能源科技有限公司 A kind of high magnification electrolyte of lithium ion battery
CN109599592A (en) * 2018-11-07 2019-04-09 上海交通大学 A kind of secondary lithium-sulfur battery intrinsic safety electrolyte and preparation method thereof
CN111384441A (en) * 2018-12-27 2020-07-07 浙江省化工研究院有限公司 Battery electrolyte additive, electrolyte containing additive and lithium ion battery
CN110350251A (en) * 2019-07-26 2019-10-18 南京海泰纳米材料有限公司 A kind of high-temperature and high-presure resistent sulphur electrolyte for lithium cells and preparation method thereof
CN110350251B (en) * 2019-07-26 2020-09-11 南京海泰纳米材料有限公司 Electrolyte for high-temperature and high-pressure resistant sulfur lithium battery and preparation method thereof
JPWO2021090666A1 (en) * 2019-11-05 2021-05-14
JP7169604B2 (en) 2019-11-05 2022-11-11 学校法人 関西大学 Electrolyte, Lithium Sulfur Secondary Battery and Module
CN111640939A (en) * 2020-05-22 2020-09-08 华中科技大学 Sulfur cathode material based on solid-phase reaction mechanism and preparation method thereof
CN111755745A (en) * 2020-06-18 2020-10-09 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 Lithium-sulfur battery electrolyte and liquid injection method thereof
CN111755745B (en) * 2020-06-18 2022-05-06 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 Lithium-sulfur battery electrolyte and liquid injection method thereof
CN114512733A (en) * 2022-01-21 2022-05-17 厦门大学 Method for improving electrochemical performance of lithium-sulfur battery
CN114512733B (en) * 2022-01-21 2024-02-27 厦门大学 Method for improving electrochemical performance of lithium-sulfur battery

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Application publication date: 20160928