CN105961026A - Method for planting auricularia polytricha - Google Patents
Method for planting auricularia polytricha Download PDFInfo
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- CN105961026A CN105961026A CN201610372705.5A CN201610372705A CN105961026A CN 105961026 A CN105961026 A CN 105961026A CN 201610372705 A CN201610372705 A CN 201610372705A CN 105961026 A CN105961026 A CN 105961026A
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- mout
- sacc
- auricularia polytricha
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/60—Cultivation rooms; Equipment therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
- C05D3/02—Calcareous fertilisers from limestone, calcium carbonate, calcium hydrate, slaked lime, calcium oxide, waste calcium products
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of planting, in particular to a method for planting auricularia polytricha. The method is characterized by comprising the following specific steps that firstly, a greenhouse is built; secondly, cultivation medium inoculation and stacking are carried out, wherein inoculation nails with auricularia polytricha strains inoculated are inoculated to strain bags filled with a cultivation medium in an inverted-T shape, and then the stain bags are stacked and piled in the greenhouse and below shading film layer in a # shape; thirdly, culture management is carried out. According to the method, by designing the shade and sun greenhouse with a unique structure, sunlight can be shot in from the roof of the sun greenhouse, the temperature of air on the roof of the greenhouse is higher than the temperature of air at the bottom, a temperature difference is formed in the greenhouse, air at the bottom of the greenhouse flows towards the top according to the physical principle, and flowing warm air is formed and can promote the growth of sporophore; besides, the structure inside the greenhouse can be adjusted according to the growth condition of the sporophore, growth of the sporophore is better promoted, and the yield is increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of planting, a kind of method planted particularly to Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc..
Background technology
Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. is also known as Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc., and color and luster is dark brown, and quality is soft, and delicious flavour is nutritious, can element can meat or fish, Auricularia
The content of middle ferrum is the abundantest, therefore often eats Auricularia and can nourish blood and preserve youthful looks, and it is ruddy to make us skin, radiant, and can prevent and treat iron-deficient
Anemia；The vitamin K that Auricularia contains, can maintain the normal level of internal thrombin, prevent hemorrhage；Colloid in Auricularia can be
Remain in the dust in digestion, impurity absorption puts together and excretes, thus plays clearing stomach and wash the effect of intestinal, with
Time the endogenous foreign body such as cholelithiasis, renal calculus also had more significantly dissolve function；Also help digest fiber substance merit
Can, the foreign body such as the hair being difficult to digest eaten unintentionally, rice husk, wood slag, sand, metal fillings there are dissolving and molten effect,
Therefore, it is the indispensable health food of mine, chemical industry and textile worker.Auricularia contains anti-tumor active substance, can strengthen machine
Body immunity, often eating can cancer-resisting.Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. is tender and crisp good to eat, like Umbrella Rhopilema esculenta, can cold and dressed with sauce, fry, quick-fried soup, deeply disappeared
Expense person likes；Its wild Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. is distributed mainly on Heilungkiang, Jilin, Fujian, Taiwan, Hubei, Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan, expensive
The ground such as state, Yunnan, is grown on the rotten wood of more than the 120 kind of broad leaf trees such as oak, poplar, banyan, Chinese scholartree, single raw or all living creatures.
And market is constantly increasing for the demand of Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc., current artificial implantation based on Duan Mu's with Bag Material,
The most all can carry out artificial culture, those skilled in the art are also on affecting Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. nutrition, quality and yield
Factor is studied, and finds that different plantation formula materials and cultural method are to Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. nutrition, quality and yield
Affect the biggest.
Therefore, for those skilled in the art, need the implantation methods developing the growth of a kind of applicable Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. badly.
Summary of the invention
In view of foregoing, it is necessary to provide a kind of method that Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. is planted, the method can be unique by design structure
Sun-cloudiness shed, allow sunlight inject from sun shed face, make booth roof air temperature higher than bottom temp, in booth, form temperature
Difference, will flow to top according to physical principle booth bottom air, and the warm air forming flowing can promote the growth of sporophore,
And the structure in booth, the more conducively growth of sporophore can be adjusted according to the growing state of sporophore, improve yield.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of implantation methods of Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc., including step in detail below:
(1) canopy is built: surrounding uses some supports and middle part to use some support brackets to go deep into ground 0.2-0.5m to enclose
The canopy body becoming specification to be long 10-15m × wide 3-5m × high 5-8m, and by external less than canopy after the ground level pit digging in canopy body
Ground level 0.3-0.5m；Canopy body surrounding first covers the film layer that shelters from heat or light and is then covered by black film, re-uses fixed mount and depends in the surrounding of canopy body
The black film of covering is fixed by secondary joining end to end, and canopy body includes Yang Peng and cloudy canopy, cloudy canopy and Yang Peng propping up by some Parallel Symmetrics
Frame is constituted with the bearing frame being arranged in the middle part of canopy body, and Yang Peng and cloudy canopy are arranged back-to-back, and are interconnected, and the roofing of Yang Peng tilts
Towards arranging in the east, the roofing of cloudy canopy tilts and arranges towards west, the ridge of Yang Peng higher than the ridge of cloudy canopy, Yang Peng and cloudy canopy it
Between be provided with vent passages, vent passages is coated with black film, the roofing of Yang Peng and cloudy canopy is all covered with black film, by upper in institute's sun canopy
It is disposed with light-transmissive film layer, foam sheet and the film layer that shelters from heat or light under to, in cloudy canopy, is from top to bottom disposed with light-transmissive film layer, bubble
Foam flaggy and the film layer that shelters from heat or light；
(2) cultivation matrix inoculation and stacking: the inoculation that will be inoculated with Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. strain is followed closely according to triangle disposition inoculation
In already equipped with on the bacterium bag of cultivation matrix, in then bacterium bag being stacked at canopy body according to " well " font superposition and in the film layer that shelters from heat or light
Under；
(3) training orientation: by the film every day of sheltering from heat or light of canopy body surrounding in early after covering with mycelia in Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. culture medium bacterium bag
Upper 10 o'clock to 12 o'clock periods were rolled, and remaining time puts down covering, until stopping after Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. fruiting；Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. fruiting 3-8 days
After by the roofing of Yang Peng cover black film roll；When after Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. fruiting 9-16 days by the foam sheet dismounting in sun canopy；When
The black film that canopy body surrounding was covered after 10-14 days by Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. fruiting is period in the 3 o'clock to 5 o'clock afternoon in 10 o'clock to 12 o'clock every morning and
Rolling, remaining time puts down covering, and so circulation is until Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. is gathered complete.
In the present invention, further illustrate, step (2) also include the preparation of cultivation matrix, specifically include following steps:
A Feedstock treating: broken for one-level wood shavings, two grades of broken wood shavings are exposed to the sun 2-3 days under the sun；By Shell of Water Chestnut in the sun
Under be exposed to the sun 3-4 days after respectively flour to 1-2cm particle diameter；Be soaked in water 12-18h by lotus seed shell；By Fructus Musae stem, trilobated leaf globefish
Grass, corn straw and cotton seed hulls dry respectively to holding amphidromic sense, are then respectively crushed into 1-2cm particle diameter；By Brassica campestris L chopped straw
Stalk high temperature sterilize after granular mill stirs, obtains the solid particle that particle diameter is 0.4-0.8cm after drying；By soy sauce
Waste residue processes to salinity less than 1% through the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching；By Klinit dregs through high temperature acidified, control pH=5-6；
B fermentation processes: according to weight part ratio, by broken for the one-level after processing of step A wood shavings 5-8 part, Shell of Water Chestnut 3-5
Part, Fructus Musae stem 3-8 part, Ambrosia trifida 3-5 part, corn straw 5-10 part, cotton seed hulls 1-3 part, rape flower straw 3-8 part,
Soy sauce waste residue 5-8 part, Klinit dregs 3-5 part and lotus seed shell 5-10 part, with Testa Tritici 5-10 part, precipitated calcium carbonate 10-15 part and Huang
Semen Glycines powder 8-15 part mix and blend, adds lime cream and water, regulates pH to 5-7, controls moisture 60-70%, is fermented
Material, mixes fermentation material and Trichoderma spp. anti-microbial inoculum 10-20 part, builds heap fermentation 18-28h, and fermentation temperature 40-50 DEG C is the most available；
C charging processes: two grades of broken wood shavings 3-5 parts after processing in step A use distilled water regulation moisture to be 50-
60%, it is then charged in the bacterium bag of cultivation matrix, adjusts two grades of wood shavings and form hollow forms and be close to bacterium bag interior of cultivation matrix
Outside Ceng, the fermentation material after step B fermentation being completed the most again is filled in hollow position, makes fermentation material be wrapped in two grades of broken wood shavings
In, then seal；
D sterilization treatment: by the bacterium bag of cultivation matrix sterilizing 30-50min at 131 DEG C,.
In the present invention, further illustrating, the anti-microbial inoculum of described Trichoderma spp. is to be prepared as after slant culture by healthy and free from worry Trichoderma spp.
Its spore concentration is 2 × 108The seed liquor of individual spore/mL, then inoculated as cultivation in solid-state fermentation culture medium, described solid
State fermentation medium be by 15g sucrose waste liquid add 0.2g ammonium sulfate, 0.02g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.03g dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and
Agar 15.0g, adjusting water content is 70%, keeps pH natural, in 131 DEG C of sterilizing 45min.
In the present invention, further illustrating, the length of the broken wood shavings of described one-level, thickness, wide size are 60-90 × 0.4-1.2
×20-90mm；The length of described two grades of broken wood shavings, thickness, wide size are 3-8 × 0.1-0.15 × 0.15-0.25mm.
In the present invention, further illustrating, the ridge of described Yang Peng is on same vertical with the ridge of cloudy canopy, institute
The difference in height stated between the ridge of Yang Peng and the ridge of cloudy canopy is 0.2-0.5m.
In the present invention, further illustrating, described fixed mount is arranged at the middle and upper part of canopy body.
In the present invention, further illustrating, the number of plies that described " well " font superposition is stacked is 8-12 layer.
The method have the advantages that
1, the method for the present invention can be by the sun-cloudiness shed of design structure uniqueness, it is possible in keeping canopy body before Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. fruiting
Darkness and temperature, be conducive to inoculation mycelia quickly increase；After Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. fruiting, the black film in sun shed face can be raised,
Make sun shed face can inject sunlight, when the sun rises, inject from the positive shed face tilted, in being first irradiated at cloudy canopy on
Portion so that transpiration a whole night steam of middle and upper part in canopy body warms so that in cloudy canopy, the atmospheric density of middle and upper part diminishes, so
Air themperature relatively low (density is bigger) in rear canopy body will flow middle and upper part in cloudy canopy, when the air of Yang Peng is to cloudy canopy middle and upper part
During flowing, the air external from vent passages and canopy is swapped by the cold air of a part, and according to this, the air in canopy body will be by
Gradual change is warmed up, it is possible to adjust air ambient, humidity and the temperature in canopy body so that Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. grows the poorest, it is possible to long
Go out abundant sporophore, it is also possible to make canopy body have ozone and enough oxygen quickly grows by Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc., with
The time of wearing postpones, and the bottom and direct projection of injecting cloudy canopy from the middle and upper part of cloudy canopy successively are entered in sun canopy by sunlight so that sun canopy the moon canopy
All obtain sunlight to irradiate, in preventing canopy body, grow antibacterial, provide good growing environment to Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc., it is ensured that the fruiting of sporophore
Rate；After sporophore is opened to a certain size, by the cystosepiment dismounting in sun canopy so that the sunlight light transmittance in sun canopy increases, full
Amount of sunlight needed for foot sporophore growth, the Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. in the Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. planted in promoting sun canopy canopy more cloudy than plantation grows faster,
Stagger the Yang Peng collecting time with cloudy canopy Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc., it is ensured that the Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. gathered can be sold in the case of rising trend is the most delicious
Going out, prevent from disposably gathering in a large number, supply exceed demand, and the Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. of waste peasant household can only dry and sell voluntarily, and the time is long, cost
Height, the problem that price is low occurs.
2, present invention employs inoculation nail triangle disposition inoculation, inoculation nail joint kind is simple to operation, and triangle disposition connects
Kind can stagger growing sporophore growth, relatively utilize the mode gathered from two ends fruiting, utilizing the identical space present invention
Inoculation method yield higher, be not only and increase income from space utilization, also absorb top grade word from sunlight and stagger sporophore can be made to inhale
Receipts sunlight is identical, and rising trend is homogeneous, and " well " word is stacked, it is possible to the bacterium bag fruiting time making upper strata is fast, when the son on upper strata of gathering is real
After body, lower floor starts to absorb sunlight in a large number and then gathers, and staggering time is gathered, it is possible to gather for the market demand, will meet
Close market, it is to avoid cause the loss that marketing is failed.
3, the cultivation matrix that the present invention uses, with Testa Tritici, analysis for soybean powder, broken wood shavings, Ambrosia trifida, precipitated calcium carbonate as base
Material mainly provides carbon and nitrogen sources, wherein with addition of adventitious plant Ambrosia trifida, it is rich in a large amount of fibers, protein, trace unit
The nutrient substance such as element, organic substance, using the teaching of the invention it is possible to provide the nutrient substance required for Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. trophophase, additionally provide denizen
Excessive multiplication causes the solution new way of zonal environmental problem；Testa Tritici provides cellulose and vitamin(e) B group, rich in analysis for soybean powder
Containing substantial amounts of protein, fat and carbohydrate, also having compounded rape flower straw in culture medium, it contains Brassica campestris L element sterol
For the quick merisis of strain, the differentiation of sterols hormone energy challenge inoculation, thus shorten the cycle of fruiting；Fructus Musae stem contains
Higher soluble-carbohydrate and multivitamin, in Banana Leaf, crude protein content is higher, and Mineral Elements Content is the most very
Abundant, applicable Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. mycelial growth after inoculation prefers to absorb the demand of solable matter, the most also gives agricultural wastes
Provide a new processing method, economic and environment-friendly；Tissue containing microorganism and metabolite, proferment in soy sauce waste material
Material, grade composition possibly together with moisture, crude protein, crude fat, reducing sugar, salinity, calcium, phosphorus, ash, does not contain only the nutrient on basis
Matter, moreover it is possible to make full use of containing nutrient substance such as the sugar needed for edible fungi growth, alcohol, organic acid in the tissue of microorganism, to beans
Oil waste material carries out the process of desalination, it is ensured that mixed overall raw material salt content is maintained at the growth beneficially eating mycelia
In salt content environment, thus after shortening inoculation, mycelia covers with the cycle in culture medium；Lotus seed shell, corn straw and cotton seed hulls tool
Having good water absorbing properties, be beneficial to improve mixed raw material water absorbing properties, Extending culture base has more longlasting humidity environment,
Promote the growth of edible fungi, be that biological efficiency has the effect promoting to increase to Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc., and the amount of the cotton seed hulls used is compared
Prior art greatly reduces, thus reduces production cost；Klinit dregs retentiveness is good, good permeability, beneficially mycelial growth；With addition of
Shell of Water Chestnut provide carbon nitrogen source, adjust overall broth carbon nitrogen source ratio, moreover it is possible to suppression culture medium in staphylococcus aureus
With colibacillary growth and growing, it is provided that the growing environment of good edible fungi, reduce the disease of Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc., add in formula
In the raw material added, cellulose and the lignins of containing, Trichoderma spp. of growing apt to deteriorate, impact cultivation, cause production loss, at formula more
In with addition of the anti-microbial inoculum of homemade Trichoderma spp., can effectively prevent, in the cultivation stage, the harm that Trichoderma spp. pollutes, improve culture medium
Utilization rate, it is ensured that Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. quality, improves output capacity.
4, the cultivation matrix of the present invention is also by its cellulose of Klinit dregs after peracid treatment of raw material xylose alcohol slag, half fine
The nutrition Partial digestions, beneficially mycelia such as dimension element, lignin absorb, adjusted to the pH value of mixed whole culture medium
Effect, is more suitable for Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. fruiting；The mode of the employing when pack processes " two grades of wood shavings parcel fermentation materials ", first, as sending out
Ferment material is the effect of heat-insulation layer after inoculation Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. inoculation bacterium, and second, when covering with mycelia and starting fruiting, play certain obstruction
Effect, it is possible to increase the quality of the Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. of fruiting because arrange obstructions when fruiting, will fruiting Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. be used to
Property active force under, burst out stronger vigor, understanding from research and result of the test suitably increases certain obstruction to fruiting
The biologos of Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. can be improved
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation in portion in canopy body of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. planting greenhouse of the present invention；
In figure, 1 vent passages, 2 cloudy canopies, 3 light-transmissive film layer, 4 supports, 5 foam sheet, 6 shelter from heat or light film layer, and 7 Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc.s are cultivated
Base bacterium bag, 8 support brackets, 9 Yang Peng, 10 black films, 11 fixed mounts, 12 gutters.
Following detailed description of the invention will further illustrate the present invention in conjunction with above-mentioned accompanying drawing.
Detailed description of the invention
The anti-microbial inoculum of Trichoderma spp. in following example is all that healthy and free from worry Trichoderma spp. is prepared as after slant culture its spore concentration
It is 2 × 108The seed liquor of individual spore/mL, then inoculated as cultivation, described solid state fermentation culture in solid-state fermentation culture medium
Base is that 15g sucrose waste liquid is added 0.2g ammonium sulfate, 0.02g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.03g dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and agar 15.0g,
Adjusting water content is 70%, keeps pH natural, in 131 DEG C of sterilizing 45min.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of implantation methods of Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc., including step in detail below:
(1) canopy is built: as it is shown in figure 1, surrounding uses some supports and middle part to use some support brackets to go deep into ground
0.2m surrounds the canopy body that specification is long 10m × wide 3m × high 5m, and by external less than canopy after the ground level pit digging in canopy body
Ground level 0.3m；Canopy body surrounding first covers the film layer that shelters from heat or light and is then covered by black film, re-uses the fixed mount surrounding in canopy body middle and upper part
Joining end to end successively and fixed by the black film of covering, fixed mount is arranged at the middle and upper part of canopy body, as in figure 2 it is shown, canopy body includes Yang Peng
With cloudy canopy, cloudy canopy and Yang Peng be made up of with the bearing frame being arranged in the middle part of canopy body the support of some Parallel Symmetrics, Yang Peng and the moon
Canopy is arranged back-to-back, and is interconnected, and the roofing of Yang Peng tilts towards arranging in the east, and the roofing of cloudy canopy tilts to set towards west
Putting, the ridge of Yang Peng is on same vertical with the ridge of cloudy canopy, and the ridge of Yang Peng is higher than the ridge of cloudy canopy, the room of Yang Peng
Difference in height between the ridge of ridge and cloudy canopy is to be provided with vent passages between 0.2m, Yang Peng and cloudy canopy, and vent passages is coated with black
Film, the roofing of Yang Peng and cloudy canopy is all covered with black film, is from top to bottom disposed with light-transmissive film layer, foam sheet in institute's sun canopy
With the film layer that shelters from heat or light, in cloudy canopy, from top to bottom it is disposed with light-transmissive film layer, foam sheet and the film layer that shelters from heat or light；
(2) preparation of cultivation matrix: specifically include following steps:
A Feedstock treating: by the broken wood shavings of one-level that length, thickness, wide size are 60 × 0.4 × 20mm, long, thick, wide size
It is that two grades of broken wood shavings of 3 × 0.1 × 0.15mm are exposed to the sun 2 days under the sun；After Shell of Water Chestnut is exposed to the sun 3 days under the sun respectively
Flour is to 1cm particle diameter；Be soaked in water 12h by lotus seed shell；By Fructus Musae stem, Ambrosia trifida, corn straw and cotton seed hulls respectively
Dry to holding amphidromic sense, be then respectively crushed into 1cm particle diameter；By after rape flower straw under high temperature sterilizing-drying through granular powder
After the stirring of broken machine, obtain the solid particle that particle diameter is 0.4cm；Soy sauce waste residue is less than to salinity through desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching process
1%；By Klinit dregs through high temperature acidified, control pH=5；
B fermentation processes: according to weight part ratio, by broken for the one-level after processing of step A wood shavings 5 parts, Shell of Water Chestnut 3 parts, perfume
Any of several broadleaf plants stem 3 parts, Ambrosia trifida 3 parts, corn straw 5 parts, cotton seed hulls 1 part, rape flower straw 3 parts, 5 parts of soy sauce waste residue, xylose
Alcohol slag 3 parts and lotus seed shell 5 parts, and 5 parts of Testa Tritici, precipitated calcium carbonate 10 parts and 8 parts of mix and blends of analysis for soybean powder, add lime cream and
Water, regulates pH to 5, controls moisture 60%, obtains fermentation material, by fermentation material and the anti-microbial inoculum of Trichoderma spp. 10 parts mixing, Jian Duifa
Ferment 18h, fermentation temperature 40 DEG C, the most available；
C charging processes: 3 parts of use distilled water regulation moistures of two grades of broken wood shavings after processing in step A are 50%,
It is then charged in the bacterium bag of cultivation matrix, adjusts two grades of wood shavings formation hollow forms and be close to outside the internal layer of bacterium bag of cultivation matrix
Side, the fermentation material after step B fermentation being completed the most again is filled in hollow position, makes fermentation material be wrapped in two grades of broken wood shavings,
Then seal；
D sterilization treatment: by the bacterium bag of cultivation matrix sterilizing 30min at 131 DEG C,；
(3) cultivation matrix inoculation and stacking: the inoculation that will be inoculated with Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. strain is followed closely according to triangle disposition inoculation
On the bacterium bag of the cultivation matrix after step (2) processes, then bacterium bag is stacked 8-12 layer in canopy body according to " well " font superposition
In and under the film layer that shelters from heat or light；
(4) training orientation: by the film every day of sheltering from heat or light of canopy body surrounding in early after covering with mycelia in Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. culture medium bacterium bag
Upper 10 o'clock to 12 o'clock periods were rolled, and remaining time puts down covering, until stopping after Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. fruiting；Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. fruiting 3-8 days
After by the roofing of Yang Peng cover black film roll；When after Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. fruiting 9-16 days by the foam sheet dismounting in sun canopy；When
The black film that canopy body surrounding was covered after 10-14 days by Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. fruiting is period in the 3 o'clock to 5 o'clock afternoon in 10 o'clock to 12 o'clock every morning and
Rolling, remaining time puts down covering, and so circulation is until Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. is gathered complete.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of implantation methods of Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc., including step in detail below:
(1) building canopy: same as in Example 1, difference is support and support bracket gos deep into ground 0.5m and surrounds specification for long
The canopy body of 15m × wide 5m × high 8m, ground level 0.5m external less than canopy after the ground level pit digging in canopy body；The ridge of Yang Peng with
Difference in height between the ridge of cloudy canopy is 0.5m；
(2) preparation of cultivation matrix: specifically include following steps:
A Feedstock treating: by the broken wood shavings of one-level that length, thickness, wide size are 90 × 1.2 × 90mm, long, thick, wide size
It is that two grades of broken wood shavings of 8 × 0.15 × 0.25mm are exposed to the sun 3 days under the sun；Divide after Shell of Water Chestnut is exposed to the sun 4 days under the sun
Other flour is to 1-2cm particle diameter；Be soaked in water 18h by lotus seed shell；By Fructus Musae stem, Ambrosia trifida, corn straw and cotton seed hulls
Dry respectively to holding amphidromic sense, be then respectively crushed into 2cm particle diameter；By after rape flower straw under high temperature sterilizing-drying through
After grain pulverizer stirring, obtain the solid particle that particle diameter is 0.8cm；Soy sauce waste residue is processed little to salinity through the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching
In 1%；By Klinit dregs through high temperature acidified, control pH=6；
B fermentation processes: according to weight part ratio, by broken for the one-level after processing of step A wood shavings 8 parts, Shell of Water Chestnut 5 parts, perfume
Any of several broadleaf plants stem 8 parts, Ambrosia trifida 5 parts, corn straw 10 parts, cotton seed hulls 3 parts, rape flower straw 8 parts, 8 parts of soy sauce waste residue, xylose
Alcohol slag 5 parts and lotus seed shell 10 parts, with 10 parts of Testa Tritici, precipitated calcium carbonate 15 parts and 15 parts of mix and blends of analysis for soybean powder, add Calx
Breast and water, regulate pH to 7, controls moisture 70%, obtains fermentation material, by fermentation material and the anti-microbial inoculum of Trichoderma spp. 20 parts mixing, builds
Heap fermentation 28h, fermentation temperature 50 DEG C, the most available；
C charging processes: 5 parts of use distilled water regulation moistures of two grades of broken wood shavings after processing in step A are 60%,
It is then charged in the bacterium bag of cultivation matrix, adjusts two grades of wood shavings formation hollow forms and be close to outside the internal layer of bacterium bag of cultivation matrix
Side, the fermentation material after step B fermentation being completed the most again is filled in hollow position, makes fermentation material be wrapped in two grades of broken wood shavings,
Then seal；
D sterilization treatment: by the bacterium bag of cultivation matrix sterilizing 50min at 131 DEG C,；
(3) cultivation matrix inoculation and stacking: the inoculation that will be inoculated with Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. strain is followed closely according to triangle disposition inoculation
On the bacterium bag of the cultivation matrix after step (2) processes, then bacterium bag is stacked 12 layers in canopy body according to " well " font superposition
And under the film layer that shelters from heat or light；
(4) training orientation: by the film every day of sheltering from heat or light of canopy body surrounding in early after covering with mycelia in Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. culture medium bacterium bag
Upper 10 o'clock to 12 o'clock periods were rolled, and remaining time puts down covering, until stopping after Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. fruiting；Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. fruiting 3-8 days
After by the roofing of Yang Peng cover black film roll；When after Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. fruiting 16 days by the foam sheet dismounting in sun canopy；Work as hair
The black film that canopy body surrounding covers was rolled after 14 days by Auricularia fruiting period in the 3 o'clock to 5 o'clock afternoon in 10 o'clock to 12 o'clock every morning and,
Remaining time puts down covering, and so circulation is until Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. is gathered complete.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of implantation methods of Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc., including step in detail below:
(1) building canopy: identical in embodiment 1, difference is support and support bracket gos deep into ground 0.3m and surrounds specification for long
The canopy body of 12m × wide 4m × high 6m, and by ground level 0.4m external less than canopy after the ground level pit digging in canopy body, Yang Peng's
Difference in height between the ridge of ridge and cloudy canopy is 0.3m；
(2) preparation of cultivation matrix: specifically include following steps:
A Feedstock treating: by the broken wood shavings of one-level that length, thickness, wide size are 80 × 0.8 × 50mm, long, thick, wide size
It is that two grades of broken wood shavings of 5 × 0.12 × 0.20mm are exposed to the sun 3 days under the sun；Divide after Shell of Water Chestnut is exposed to the sun 3 days under the sun
Other flour is to 1.5cm particle diameter；Be soaked in water 15h by lotus seed shell；By Fructus Musae stem, Ambrosia trifida, corn straw and cotton seed hulls
Dry respectively to holding amphidromic sense, be then respectively crushed into 1.5cm particle diameter；By after rape flower straw under high temperature sterilizing-drying through
After granular mill stirring, obtain the solid particle that particle diameter is 0.5cm；Soy sauce waste residue is processed to salinity through the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching
Less than 1%；By Klinit dregs through high temperature acidified, control pH=5.5；
B fermentation processes: according to weight part ratio, by broken for the one-level after processing of step A wood shavings 7 parts, Shell of Water Chestnut 4 parts, perfume
Any of several broadleaf plants stem 6 parts, Ambrosia trifida 4 parts, corn straw 7 parts, cotton seed hulls 2 parts, rape flower straw 5 parts, 6 parts of soy sauce waste residue, xylose
Alcohol slag 4 parts and lotus seed shell 8 parts, with 9 parts of Testa Tritici, precipitated calcium carbonate 12 parts and 10 parts of mix and blends of analysis for soybean powder, add lime cream
And water, regulate pH to 6, control moisture 65%, obtain fermentation material, by fermentation material and the anti-microbial inoculum of Trichoderma spp. 17 parts mixing, build heap
Fermentation 22h, fermentation temperature 45 DEG C, the most available；
C charging processes: 4 parts of use distilled water regulation moistures of two grades of broken wood shavings after processing in step A are 55%,
It is then charged in the bacterium bag of cultivation matrix, adjusts two grades of wood shavings formation hollow forms and be close to outside the internal layer of bacterium bag of cultivation matrix
Side, the fermentation material after step B fermentation being completed the most again is filled in hollow position, makes fermentation material be wrapped in two grades of broken wood shavings,
Then seal；
D sterilization treatment: by the bacterium bag of cultivation matrix sterilizing 45min at 131 DEG C,；
(3) cultivation matrix inoculation and stacking: the inoculation that will be inoculated with Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. strain is followed closely according to triangle disposition inoculation
On the bacterium bag of the cultivation matrix after step (2) processes, then bacterium bag is stacked 10 layers in canopy body according to " well " font superposition
And under the film layer that shelters from heat or light；
(4) training orientation: by the film every day of sheltering from heat or light of canopy body surrounding in early after covering with mycelia in Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. culture medium bacterium bag
Upper 10 o'clock to 12 o'clock periods were rolled, and remaining time puts down covering, until stopping after Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. fruiting；After Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. fruiting 5 days
The black film covered on the roofing of Yang Peng is rolled；When after Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. fruiting 12 days by the foam sheet dismounting in sun canopy；When hair wood
The black film that canopy body surrounding covers was rolled after 12 days by ear fruiting period in the 3 o'clock to 5 o'clock afternoon in 10 o'clock to 12 o'clock every morning and, its
The remaining time puts down covering, and so circulation is until Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. is gathered complete.
Comparative example:
Culture medium prescription is: wood flour 78%, Testa oryzae (or Testa Tritici) 19%, sugar 1%, Gypsum Fibrosum 1%, carbamide 0.5%, peroxophosphoric acid
Calcium 0.5%；In being 65% according to routine mixing control moisture content, pH value is 6.5, sterilizing 40min at 131 DEG C, i.e. prepares and plants
Training substrate.Cultivation booth is common booth, carries out wall-type solid cultivation, and regulating environmental humidity is 50-70%, and temperature is 25 Celsius
Below degree, every afternoon 4, with rear venting 2 hours, keeps dark condition until fruiting, and after fruiting, every day keeps seeing that light rate is
50-60%, 3-5 hour every day.
Cultivation matrix that embodiment 1-3, comparative example are prepared (wherein the specification of culture bag is: 17cm × 33cm ×
0.005cm, every formula 30 bags, if 3 times are repeated, every sacked material closes dry weight 400g) move in time after inoculation and send out a bacterium room, see after inoculation
Examine mycelium growth vigor, record mycelia purseful time, single bag of average product (the yield summation of first three tide is calculated as yield), calculation biology
Rate (biological efficiency=every bag of fresh mushroom production/every bag of siccative weight × 100%), sickness rate, it is shown in Table 1；Real to the son cultivated
Body carries out the constituent contents such as phosphorus potassium and content of beary metal measures, and is shown in Table 2；To pluck Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. carry out auricle color and other
The situation of the impact of character carries out record, is shown in Table 3.
Table 1 is to Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. upgrowth situation table
From the foregoing, it will be observed that the culture medium using the present invention to prepare compares comparative example, mycelium growth vigor is more vigorous, during mycelia purseful
Between carry more than the last fortnight, increase more than 130g compared by single bag of average product, and rate was compared and improve more than at least 30% biology；Send out
Sick number of times significantly reduces.
Table 2 planting material is on the impact of element different in Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. sporophore
As seen from the above table, the sporophore that the culture medium using the present invention to prepare is plucked, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, zinc and manganese contain
Measure higher than the content of matched group；According to " People's Republic of China's agricultural industry criteria " (pollution-free food edible fungi NY/T749-
2012), fruit body of edible fungi dry product heavy metal standard: Pb ＜ 2.0mg/kg, Cd ＜ 1.0mg/kg, As ＜ 1.0mg/kg, Hg ＜
0.2mg/kg, as shown in Table 2, in Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. sporophore, four heavy metal species content all meet green food standard.
Each embodiment of table 3 is to auricle color and the information slip of other character thereof
| Project | Fresh ear color | Color of the trichomes | Fine hair quantity | Ear edge form | Outside of belly rib back |
| Embodiment 4 | Scarlet brown | The colour of loess | The closeest | Neatly | Few |
| Embodiment 5 | Scarlet brown | The colour of loess | The closeest | Neatly | Few |
| Embodiment 6 | Scarlet brown | The colour of loess | The closeest | Neatly | Few |
| Comparative example | Bronzing | Pale yellow | Many | Wave | More |
As shown in Table 3, using culture medium prepared by the present invention, the color of sporophore auricle is scarlet；In the application
Ear edge form, fine hair quantity, outside of belly rib back are better than comparative example.
Described above is the detailed description for the preferable possible embodiments of the present invention, but embodiment is not limited to this
Bright patent claim, the equal change completed under the technical spirit suggested by all present invention or modification change, all should belong to
In the contained the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. the implantation methods of an Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc., it is characterised in that: include step in detail below:
(1) canopy is built: surrounding uses some supports and middle part to use some support brackets to go deep into ground 0.2-0.5m and surrounds rule
Lattice are the canopy body of long 10-15m × wide 3-5m × high 5-8m, and by Horizon external less than canopy after the ground level pit digging in canopy body
Face 0.3-0.5m；Canopy body surrounding first covers the film layer that shelters from heat or light and is then covered by black film, re-uses fixed mount in canopy body surrounding successively head and the tail
Be connected and the black film of covering fixed, canopy body include Yang Peng and cloudy canopy, cloudy canopy and Yang Peng by the support of some Parallel Symmetrics with set
Being placed in the bearing frame in the middle part of canopy body to constitute, Yang Peng and cloudy canopy are arranged back-to-back, and are interconnected, and the roofing of Yang Peng tilts towards east
Face is arranged, and the roofing of cloudy canopy tilts towards west setting, and the ridge of Yang Peng, higher than the ridge of cloudy canopy, is provided with between Yang Peng and cloudy canopy
Vent passages, vent passages is coated with black film, the roofing of Yang Peng and cloudy canopy is all covered with black film, from top to bottom depends in institute's sun canopy
Secondary light-transmissive film layer, foam sheet and the film layer that shelters from heat or light of being provided with, is from top to bottom disposed with light-transmissive film layer, foam sheet in cloudy canopy
With the film layer that shelters from heat or light；
(2) cultivation matrix inoculation and stacking: the inoculation being inoculated with Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. strain is followed closely and is inoculated according to triangle disposition
Through equipped with on the bacterium bag of cultivation matrix, in then bacterium bag being stacked at canopy body according to " well " font superposition and under the film layer that shelters from heat or light；
(3) training orientation: by the film every day of sheltering from heat or light of canopy body surrounding morning 10 after covering with mycelia in Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. culture medium bacterium bag
O'clock rolling to 12 o'clock period, remaining time puts down covering, until stopping after Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. fruiting；Will after Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. fruiting 3-8 days
The black film covered on the roofing of Yang Peng is rolled；When after Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. fruiting 9-16 days by the foam sheet dismounting in sun canopy；When hair wood
The black film that canopy body surrounding was covered after 10-14 days by ear fruiting is period in the 3 o'clock to 5 o'clock afternoon at 10 o'clock to 12 o'clock every morning and volume
Rising, remaining time puts down covering, and so circulation is until Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. is gathered complete.
The implantation methods of a kind of Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step (2) also includes cultivation
The preparation of substrate, specifically includes following steps:
A Feedstock treating: broken for one-level wood shavings, two grades of broken wood shavings are exposed to the sun 2-3 days under the sun；By Shell of Water Chestnut under the sun sudden and violent
After shining 3-4 days, difference flour is to 1-2cm particle diameter；Be soaked in water 12-18h by lotus seed shell；By Fructus Musae stem, Ambrosia trifida, jade
Rice straw and cotton seed hulls dry respectively to holding amphidromic sense, are then respectively crushed into 1-2cm particle diameter；Rape flower straw is high
After temperature sterilizing-drying after granular mill stirs, obtain the solid particle that particle diameter is 0.4-0.8cm；By soy sauce waste residue
Process to salinity less than 1% through the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching；By Klinit dregs through high temperature acidified, control pH=5-6；
B fermentation processes: according to weight part ratio, by broken for the one-level after processing of step A wood shavings 5-8 part, Shell of Water Chestnut 3-5 part, perfume (or spice)
Any of several broadleaf plants stem 3-8 part, Ambrosia trifida 3-5 part, corn straw 5-10 part, cotton seed hulls 1-3 part, rape flower straw 3-8 part, soy sauce give up
Slag 5-8 part, Klinit dregs 3-5 part and lotus seed shell 5-10 part, with Testa Tritici 5-10 part, precipitated calcium carbonate 10-15 part and analysis for soybean powder 8-
15 parts of mix and blends, add lime cream and water, regulate pH to 5-7, control moisture 60-70%, obtain fermentation material, will send out
Ferment material and Trichoderma spp. anti-microbial inoculum 10-20 part mix, and build heap fermentation 18-28h, and fermentation temperature 40-50 DEG C is the most available；
C charging processes: two grades of broken wood shavings 3-5 parts after processing in step A use distilled water regulation moisture to be 50-
60%, it is then charged in the bacterium bag of cultivation matrix, adjusts two grades of wood shavings and form hollow forms and be close to bacterium bag interior of cultivation matrix
Outside Ceng, the fermentation material after step B fermentation being completed the most again is filled in hollow position, makes fermentation material be wrapped in two grades of broken wood shavings
In, then seal；
D sterilization treatment: by the bacterium bag of cultivation matrix sterilizing 30-50min at 131 DEG C,.
The implantation methods of a kind of Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the anti-microbial inoculum of described Trichoderma spp. is by health
It is 2 × 10 that peaceful Trichoderma spp. is prepared as its spore concentration after slant culture8The seed liquor of individual spore/mL, then inoculated as
Cultivating in solid-state fermentation culture medium, described solid-state fermentation culture medium is that 15g sucrose waste liquid is added 0.2g ammonium sulfate, 0.02g
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.03g dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and agar 15.0g, adjusting water content is 70%, keeps pH natural, in 131 DEG C of sterilizings
45min.
The implantation methods of a kind of Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the length of the broken wood shavings of described one-level,
Thick, wide size is 60-90 × 0.4-1.2 × 20-90mm；The length of described two grades of broken wood shavings, thickness, wide size be 3-8 ×
0.1-0.15×0.15-0.25mm。
The implantation methods of a kind of Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the ridge of described Yang Peng and cloudy canopy
Ridge be on same vertical, the difference in height between the ridge of the ridge of described Yang Peng and cloudy canopy is 0.2-0.5m.
The implantation methods of a kind of Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described fixed mount is arranged at canopy body
Middle and upper part.
The implantation methods of a kind of Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described " well " font superposition is stacked
The number of plies be 8-12 layer.
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