A kind of lightweight concrete for 3D printing and preparation method and application
Technical field
The present invention relates to building material field, particularly relate to a kind of lightweight concrete for 3D printing and preparation method thereof and answer
With.
Background technology
3D printing is the Digitized manufacturing mode of a kind of advanced person, also known as " increasing material manufacture ", different from traditional manufacture method, this
Technology have only in a computer by threedimensional model through series of algorithms and software processes, it is possible to directly with successively accumulation material
The mode of material produces entity, it is not necessary to proembryo and mould, simplifies the fabrication schedule of product, has saved manpower, improves production
Efficiency.
3D prints building and mainly carries out 3D modeling by computer, utilizes the software program set, by Mechanical course,
The concrete mix prepared is printed by nozzle extrusion layering, is successively formed by stacking, prop up without mould during building molding
Support, this just require concrete mix under bearing the effect of deadweight and dynamic loading, indeformable, can rapid condensation and have good
Adhesive property, traditional concrete material the most substantially can not meet 3D print structure material performance requirement, it would be highly desirable to change
Enter.
Summary of the invention
The shortcoming of prior art in view of the above, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of for 3D print lightweight concrete and
Its preparation method and application, be used for solving concrete material bad adhesion in prior art, yielding, be not suitable for 3D and print
Etc. problem.
For achieving the above object and other relevant purposes, first aspect present invention provides a kind of lightweight concrete printed for 3D,
Raw material including following weight portion: 52.5R Portland cement 100 parts, the strength grade fast hard sulfur aluminic acid not less than 42.5
Salt cement 6-12 part, flyash 7-10 part, composite inert light filler 100-250 part, polypropylene fibre 1.2-6.5 part,
Viscosity modifier 0.06-0.2 part, soft readjustment agent 0.5-1.5 part, water 25-40 part.
Further, raw material and the weight ratio thereof of described composite inert light filler is medium sand: pottery sand: glass bead: polyphenyl
Granule=(20-40): (40-80): (8-16): (2-5).Pottery sand therein includes but not limited to the pottery sand that mud is fired, and uses
Pottery sand, glass bead and granular polystyrene can significantly reduce the own wt 25%-40% of concrete material such that it is able to reduce and beat
During print, upper layer of material is to laminated force deformation, and concrete material can be made to have the effect of heat-insulation and heat-preservation.
Further, the particle diameter of described pottery sand is less than 5mm.
Further, a length of 20-35mm of described polypropylene fibre.
Further, described viscosity modifier is maltodextrin, non-ionic polyacrylamide, welan gum, hydroxypropyl methyl fibre
One or more combination in dimension element ether.The thixotropy adding mainly adjustment material of viscosity modifier, i.e. one touches the property i.e. become
Matter.Material denseness by shearing force when is diminished, there is higher plasticity;Material shearing force stops when
Denseness becomes big, loses plasticity.Wherein, the molecular weight of non-ionic polyacrylamide is preferably 800 ten thousand to 1,500 ten thousand.
Further, described soft readjustment agent is allyl ether base polymer or acrylic polymer, and this base polymer is powdery,
Soluble in water, it is specifically as follows Polyethylene Glycol mono allyl ether, polymethyl methacrylate etc..Soft readjustment agent have dispersion and
Interlayer lubrication so that material entirety is finer and smoother, continuous, the beneficially seriality of print procedure, to ensure not have
The situation of fracture so that the product appearance printed is more attractive in appearance.
Second aspect present invention provides the above-mentioned lightweight concrete preparation method printed for 3D, comprises the following steps:
S1, by formula ratio, each raw material of composite inert light filler is mixed, stir, prepare composite inert light filling
Material, standby.
S2, by formula ratio 52.5R led to portland cement, quick hardening sulphoaluminate cement, flyash, polypropylene fibre, viscosity
Regulator, soft readjustment agent mixing, stir, and prepares mixture, standby.
S3, by formula ratio by step S1 prepare composite inert light filler add step S2 prepare mixture in, stirring
Uniformly, prepare powder, standby.
S4, by formula ratio by step S3 prepare powder mix with water, stirring and evenly mixing, prepare for building structure 3D printing
Lightweight concrete.
Further, in described step S4, when being stirred the mixture of powder Yu water, mixing speed is 100 ± 5r/min.
Further, in described step S4, when being stirred the mixture of powder Yu water, mixing time is 1-2min.
Third aspect present invention provides the application in 3D prints of the above-mentioned lightweight concrete for 3D printing.Above-mentioned for 3D
The lightweight concrete printed can be used for the printing of polymorphic structure, solves this difficult problem of profiled template in conventional casting concrete.Its
Secondary, the present invention is short for the presetting period of the lightweight concrete that 3D prints, and can complete quickly to print, it is possible to be greatly shortened
Duration.Finally, this lightweight concrete carries heat insulating effect, belongs to environmental friendliness shaped material.
As it has been described above, lightweight concrete for 3D printing of the present invention and preparation method and application, have the advantages that
Concrete gravity of the present invention is relatively light, and employing medium sand, pottery sand, glass bead are as light filler, under conditions of same volume,
The material own wt of the present invention significantly reduces 25%-40% relative to conventional concrete material, greatly reduces in print procedure
The layer material pressure distortion to lower floor so that the structure of printing is apparent the most attractive in appearance, and can promote disposable further
The number of plies printed continuously, shortens construction duration, can be that the intellectuality quickly realizing industrialized production building supports, additionally, this
Material self also has certain heat preservation and insulation so that more energy-saving ring when lightweight concrete of the present invention is applied to building field
Protect.
Detailed description of the invention
Below by way of specific instantiation, embodiments of the present invention being described, those skilled in the art can be by disclosed by this specification
Content understand other advantages and effect of the present invention easily.The present invention can also be added by the most different detailed description of the invention
To implement or application, the every details in this specification can also be based on different viewpoints and application, in the essence without departing from the present invention
Various modification or change is carried out under god.
In following embodiment, quick hardening sulphoaluminate cement meets industry standard GB 20472-2006 " sulphate aluminium cement ";
Flyash conformance with standard GB/T 1596-2005 " flyash in cement and concrete ";Medium sand conformance with standard GB/T
14684-2011 " construction sand ";Pottery sand conformance with standard GB T 17431.1-2010 " light-weight aggregate and test method part 1 thereof:
Light-weight aggregate ", following embodiment uses the pottery sand that mud is fired;Glass bead conformance with standard JCT 1042-2007 " expansion vitrification
Microballon ";Granular polystyrene conformance with standard JG158-2004 " glue powder polyphenyl granule exterior wall outer heat preservation system ".
Embodiment 1
A kind of lightweight concrete printed for 3D, including the raw material of following weight portion: 52.5R Portland cement 100 parts,
42.5 quick hardening sulphoaluminate cements 11 parts, 7 parts of flyash, composite inert light filler 150 parts, a length of 20mm
Polypropylene fibre 1.2 parts, viscosity modifier 0.12 part, soft readjustment agent 0.5 part, 40 parts of water.
The raw material of composite inert light filler and weight ratio thereof are medium sand: the particle diameter pottery sand less than 5mm: glass bead: polyphenyl
Granule=20:70:10:2.Viscosity modifier is maltodextrin, and soft readjustment agent is Polyethylene Glycol mono allyl ether.
The above-mentioned preparation method for the lightweight concrete of 3D printing comprises the steps:
S1, by formula ratio by medium sand, particle diameter less than the pottery sand of 5mm, glass bead, granular polystyrene put into stirrer for mixing,
Stir, prepare composite inert light filler, standby.
S2, by formula ratio 52.5R led to portland cement, quick hardening sulphoaluminate cement, flyash, a length of 20mm poly-
Tacryl, viscosity modifier, soft readjustment agent put into stirrer for mixing, stir, and prepare mixture, standby.
S3, by formula ratio by step S1 prepare composite inert light filler add step S2 prepare mixture in, stirring
Uniformly, prepare powder, standby.
S4, by formula ratio by step S3 prepare powder mix with water, quickly stir 1min with the mixing speed of 100 ± 5r/min,
Mixing, prepares the lightweight concrete printed for building structure 3D, can be used as the ink of 3D printer, carry out 3D printing.
Embodiment 2
A kind of lightweight concrete printed for 3D, including the raw material of following weight portion: 52.5R Portland cement 100 parts,
42.5 quick hardening sulphoaluminate cements 9 parts, 8 parts of flyash, composite inert light filler 120 parts, a length of 30mm
Polypropylene fibre 1.2 parts, viscosity modifier 0.1 part, soft readjustment agent 1 part, 30 parts of water.
The raw material of composite inert light filler and weight ratio thereof are medium sand: the particle diameter pottery sand less than 5mm: glass bead: polyphenyl
Granule=20:70:10:4.Viscosity modifier is welan gum, and soft readjustment agent is polymethyl methacrylate.
The above-mentioned preparation method for the lightweight concrete of 3D printing comprises the steps:
S1, by formula ratio by medium sand, particle diameter less than the pottery sand of 5mm, glass bead, granular polystyrene put into stirrer for mixing,
Stir, prepare composite inert light filler, standby.
S2, by formula ratio 52.5R led to portland cement, 42.5 quick hardening sulphoaluminate cements, flyash, a length of 20mm
Polypropylene fibre, viscosity modifier, soft readjustment agent put into stirrer for mixing, stir, prepare mixture, standby.
S3, by formula ratio by step S1 prepare composite inert light filler add step S2 prepare mixture in, stirring
Uniformly, prepare powder, standby.
S4, by formula ratio by step S3 prepare powder mix with water, quickly stir with the mixing speed of 100 ± 5r/min
1.5min, mixing, prepare the lightweight concrete printed for building structure 3D, can be used as the ink of 3D printer, carry out
3D prints.
Embodiment 3
A kind of lightweight concrete printed for 3D, including the raw material of following weight portion: 52.5R Portland cement 100 parts,
42.5 quick hardening sulphoaluminate cements 10 parts, 9 parts of flyash, composite inert light filler 180 parts, a length of 30mm
Polypropylene fibre 1.2 parts, viscosity modifier 0.1 part, soft readjustment agent 0.8 part, 35 parts of water.
The raw material of composite inert light filler and weight ratio thereof are medium sand: the particle diameter pottery sand less than 5mm: glass bead: polyphenyl
Granule=35:62:15:2.5.Viscosity modifier is hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether, and soft readjustment agent is polyethyleneglycol allyl
Base ether and the mixture of polymethyl methacrylate.
The above-mentioned preparation method for the lightweight concrete of 3D printing comprises the steps:
S1, by formula ratio by medium sand, particle diameter less than the pottery sand of 5mm, glass bead, granular polystyrene put into stirrer for mixing,
Stir, prepare composite inert light filler, standby.
S2, by formula ratio 52.5R led to portland cement, quick hardening sulphoaluminate cement, flyash, a length of 30mm poly-
Tacryl, viscosity modifier, soft readjustment agent put into stirrer for mixing, stir, and prepare mixture, standby.
S3, by formula ratio by step S1 prepare composite inert light filler add step S2 prepare mixture in, stirring
Uniformly, prepare powder, standby.
S4, by formula ratio by step S3 prepare powder mix with water, quickly stir 2min with the mixing speed of 100 ± 5r/min,
Mixing, prepares the lightweight concrete printed for building structure 3D, can be used as the ink of 3D printer, carry out 3D printing.
Embodiment 4
A kind of lightweight concrete printed for 3D, including the raw material of following weight portion: 52.5R Portland cement 100 parts,
42.5 quick hardening sulphoaluminate cements 6 parts, 10 parts of flyash, composite inert light filler 160 parts, a length of 20mm
Polypropylene fibre 6 parts, viscosity modifier 0.6 part, soft readjustment agent 1.4 parts, 25 parts of water.
The raw material of composite inert light filler and weight ratio thereof are medium sand: the particle diameter pottery sand less than 5mm: glass bead: polyphenyl
Granule=40:46:12:3.Viscosity modifier is maltodextrin, non-ionic polyacrylamide, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether
Mixture, soft readjustment agent is Polyethylene Glycol mono allyl ether.The molecular weight of non-ionic polyacrylamide is 800 ten thousand to 1500
Ten thousand.
The above-mentioned preparation method for the lightweight concrete of 3D printing comprises the steps:
S1, by formula ratio by medium sand, particle diameter less than the pottery sand of 5mm, glass bead, granular polystyrene put into stirrer for mixing,
Stir, prepare composite inert light filler, standby.
S2, by formula ratio 52.5R led to portland cement, quick hardening sulphoaluminate cement, flyash, a length of 30mm poly-
Tacryl, viscosity modifier, soft readjustment agent put into stirrer for mixing, stir, and prepare mixture, standby.
S3, by formula ratio by step S1 prepare composite inert light filler add step S2 prepare mixture in, stirring
Uniformly, prepare powder, standby.
S4, by formula ratio by step S3 prepare powder mix with water, quickly stir 2min with the mixing speed of 100 ± 5r/min,
Mixing, prepares the lightweight concrete printed for building structure 3D, can be used as the ink of 3D printer, carry out 3D printing.
Performance test experience
The lightweight concrete for 3D printing preparing embodiment 1-4 carries out performance detection, its result such as following table:
The lightweight concrete performance detection table that table 1 prints for 3D
Project |
Unit weight (kg/m3) |
Heat conductivity (W/ (m K)) |
Presetting period (min) |
Embodiment 1 |
1473 |
0.22 |
22 |
Embodiment 2 |
1575 |
0.28 |
35 |
Embodiment 3 |
1490 |
0.23 |
28 |
Embodiment 4 |
1650 |
0.37 |
47 |
As can be seen from Table 1, the unit weight≤1650kg/m of the lightweight concrete printed for 3D that the present invention prepares3, heat conduction
Coefficient≤0.37W/ (m K), presetting period≤47min, the reduction of unit weight so that product has the feature of lightweight, has simultaneously
Effect solves in product print procedure, and the pressure of lower floor is caused the problem of deformation of products by upper layer of material, the reduction of heat conductivity, makes
Obtain product and there is good insulation capacity, the shortening in presetting period, the most effectively solve the problem that product is easily deformed, significantly
Improve the quality of product.
In sum, concrete gravity of the present invention is relatively light, and employing medium sand, pottery sand, glass bead are as light filler, in phase
Under conditions of same volume, the material own wt of the present invention significantly reduces 25%-40% relative to conventional concrete material, significantly subtracts
Lack the print procedure material at the middle and upper levels pressure distortion to lower floor, it is possible to promote the disposable number of plies printed continuously further, shorten
Construction duration, can be that the intellectuality quickly realizing industrialized production building supports, additionally, this material self also has certain
Heat preservation and insulation so that build more energy-conserving and environment-protective.
The principle of above-described embodiment only illustrative present invention and effect thereof, not for limiting the present invention.Any it is familiar with this skill
Above-described embodiment all can be modified under the spirit and the scope of the present invention or change by the personage of art.Therefore, such as
All that in art, tool usually intellectual is completed under without departing from disclosed spirit and technological thought etc.
Effect is modified or changes, and must be contained by the claim of the present invention.