CN105941910A - Preparation method of pig feed containing compound edible fungus mycelia - Google Patents
Preparation method of pig feed containing compound edible fungus mycelia Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of pig feed containing compound edible fungus mycelia. According to the preparation method, liquid strains of lentinula edodes and pleurotus ostreatus are mixed and fermented in a fermentation medium rich in zinc and selenium, compound mycelia are obtained, inorganic selenium and inorganic zinc after entering the mycelia are biologically converted into organic selenium and organic zinc, and synthesis of amino acid and protein is promoted; when the compound mycelia are added to the pig feed, the flavor of the pig feed is improved, the palatability of the feed is improved, nutritional requirements of pigs can be met, the pigs are supplemented with nutrition while eating the feed, organic selenium and organic zinc are easier to absorb, absorption of trace elements in the pigs is also promoted, the defect of diseases or physiological disorder caused by insufficient or imbalanced absorption capacity is overcome, and immunity of the pigs is improved. Besides, the pig feed prepared with the method adopts simple and available raw materials, is low in cost and environment-friendly, and solves problems of chemical residues and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to livestock and poultry cultivation field, particularly to the preparation of the mycelial pig feed of a kind of compound edible mushroom
Method.
Background technology
In recent years, quickly growing of animal husbandry, in animal feed, antibiotic, chemical synthetic drug and hormone face
The problem spreading unchecked use, although growth of animals or poultry rate improves, but the drug residue problem brought therewith is the tightest
Weight, is directly detrimental to health, makes animal products quality decline.Along with consumer to food safety, health,
The problem growing interest such as healthy, the requirement to livestock products quality is more and more higher, therefore, pollution-free, noresidue and
Non-harmful safe green food has become the target that people pursue.
Pig feed field has started to attempt various types of green additive, such as Chinese medicine compound additive, and right
Belonging in piglet or sow that body constitution is poor, the kind of hypoimmunity, major part is owing to suffering from reproductive and respiratory syndrome, respiratory tract
Diseases etc. are lethal, cause the massive losses on farm.Zinc can maintain central nervous system's metabolism, bone metabolism same
Time have improve immunity function, selenium can participate in animal body from free radical and radiation etc. destroy, stimulate
Immunoreation, the effect such as anticancer, inorganic selenium the most gradually disappear from animal feed, replacement be to have
Machine selenium is as selenium source, although, organic selenium has started to apply in feedstuff, but the existence of single trace element,
But it is only capable of supplementing a kind of trace element in animal body.Therefore, by filling into zinc simultaneously, selenium can effectively make up
The defect caused due to single trace element.Edible fungi mycelium has containing abundant activity fungal polysaccharide, and
Have in various degree press down cancer, anti-cancer, antioxidation, part edible fungi is many possibly together with activated protein, activity
Peptide, triterpenoid, steroidal compounds, selenium, organic germanium isoreactivity composition.
Chinese patent application CN 103535543A provides a kind of piglet growth concentrated feed, uses in this application
Expensive Ganoderma mycelium, as additive, adds production cost, and, this growth concentrated feed do not contains
There is trace element, it is impossible to preferably improve pig immunity.
Summary of the invention
The present invention solves in prior art, in pig feed, trace element is single, absorb the best, nutritional labeling not
High problem, it is provided that the preparation method of the mycelial pig feed of a kind of compound edible mushroom.This feedstuff has raising
The advantages such as pig immunity, promotion pig grow, improve feedstuff local flavor, improve feedstuff palatability, environmental protection.
For solving the problems referred to above, the invention have technical point that the preparation of the mycelial pig feed of compound edible mushroom
Method, comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of fermentation medium: the formula of fermentation medium particularly as follows: Calcium selenite. 2～4.2g/L,
(NH4)2SO44～6g/L, glutamic acid 2～4g/L, KH2PO45～8g/L, ZnSO4·7H2O 0.1～0.8g/L, egg
White peptone 1～15g/L, glucose 10～20g/L, yeast extract 1～10g/L, MgSO4·7H2O 0.5～1.1g/L, VB6
0.1～0.5g/L, Vc 0.5～1.0g/L, water 1000ml, pH7.5～8,121 DEG C of high temperature sterilizes；
(2) dry mycelial preparation: by mushroom liquid bacterial peace mushroom liquid strain according to volume ratio 1:2 in
Fermentation medium is cultivated, obtains containing mycelial fermentation liquid；By mycelium and fermentation liquid in
2000～10000rpm separate, and collect mycelium, dry to water content less than 5～8%, obtain dry mycelium；
(3) raw material mixing: by dry mycelium, Semen Maydis powder, Fructus Hordei Vulgaris powder, carrageenan, Sal, Testa oryzae according to
Mass ratio (1～3): (20～25): (30～35): (8～10): (4～6): (10～15) weigh,
It is crushed to 100～150 mesh, uniformly mixes in mixer, obtain rich in selenium, the mycelial pig of zinc compound edible mushroom
Feedstuff.
Culture medium is the place of the various nutrient substance that edible fungi is depended on for existence, is using kind and growing environment bar
In the case of part is identical, use substrate processing mode different, formula difference, substrate different, Lentinus Edodes (Latin
Literature name Lentinus edodes (Berk.) sing) and Pleurotus ostreatus (Latin name Pleurotus ostreatus)
The most difference such as yield and quality.Sucrose of the prior art is replaced with glucose by carbon source, is more beneficial for bacterium
The absorption of body, adds yeast extract and is conducive to the generation of the metabolites such as aminoacid.
Preferably, the formula of fermentation medium is: Calcium selenite. 3.5g/L, (NH4)2SO45g/L, glutamic acid
3g/L, KH2PO46g/L, ZnSO4·7H2O 0.8g/L, peptone 15g/L, glucose 20g/L, yeast extract
10g/L, MgSO4·7H2O 1.1g/L, VB60.3g/L, Vc 1.0g/L, water 1000ml, pH7.5～8,121 DEG C
High temperature sterilize.
Further, described step (2) inoculum concentration is 5～10% (v/v).
Further, in described step (2), fermentation culture temperature is 32～35 DEG C, and incubation time is 16～18h.
Further, described step (2) fermentation medium is cooled to 20～35 DEG C, then carries out fermentation culture.
Further, described mushroom liquid bacterial prepares as follows: Xianggu mushroom strain activation is made spore and hangs
Liquid, is connected in fluid medium, inoculum concentration 10% (v/v), in 25 DEG C, rotating speed 120r/min shake-flask culture
4～6 days；
Liquid culture based formulas is: peptone 10g, yeast extract 5g, glucose 20g, sodium acetate 5g, tween
80 2ml, MgSO4·7H2O 0.6g, MnSO4·4H2O 0.1g, K2HPO41.5g water 1000ml, pH 6.2～
6.4；115 DEG C of high temperature sterilize 15min, standby.
Further, described Pleurotus ostreatus liquid spawn prepares as follows: Eight Strains of Pleurotus Ostreatus activation is made spore and hangs
Liquid, is connected in fluid medium, inoculum concentration 10% (v/v), in 25 DEG C, rotating speed 120r/min shake-flask culture
4～6 days；
Liquid culture based formulas is: peptone 10g, yeast extract 8g, glucose 20g, sodium acetate 3g, tween
80 1ml, water 1000ml, pH 6.8～7；115 DEG C of high temperature sterilize 15min, standby.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: Lentinus Edodes peace mushroom liquid strain is carried out by the present invention
Mixing, in rich in zinc, selenium fermentation medium in fermentation obtain compound bacteria filament, inorganic selenium, inorganic zinc enter
Through being biologically converted into organic selenium and organic zinc after mycelium, promote amino acid and protein synthesis, by this compound bacteria
Filament adds in pig feed, not only increases the local flavor of pig feed, improves the palatability of feedstuff, and permissible
Meeting the nutritional need of pig, supplement the nutrients while edible feedstuff, organic selenium, organic zinc are easier to be absorbed,
Also promote the absorption to trace element in pig body, compensate for absorbtivity is not enough or imbalance causes disease or physiology
Abnormal, improve the immunity of pig, it addition, the pig feed raw material prepared by the present invention is simple and easy to get, low cost,
Environmental protection, the problem such as drug residue free.
Detailed description of the invention
Describing the present invention in detail below by embodiment, if no special instructions, raw material involved in the present invention is equal
Commercially.
Embodiment 1
(1) preparation of fermentation medium: the formula of fermentation medium particularly as follows: Calcium selenite. 2g/L,
(NH4)2SO46g/L, glutamic acid 2g/L, KH2PO45g/L, ZnSO4·7H2O 0.1g/L, peptone 15g/L,
Glucose 20g/L, yeast extract 10g/L, MgSO4·7H2O 0.5g/L, VB60.1g/L, Vc 1.0g/L, water
1000ml, pH7.5,121 DEG C of high temperature sterilize；
(2) dry mycelial preparation: by mushroom liquid bacterial peace mushroom liquid strain according to volume ratio 1:2 in
Cultivating in fermentation medium, inoculum concentration is 5% (v/v), and fermentation culture temperature is 32 DEG C, and incubation time is
16～18h.Obtain containing mycelial fermentation liquid；Mycelium is separated in 2000rpm with fermentation liquid, collects bacterium
Filament, dries to water content less than 5%, obtains dry mycelium；
Described mushroom liquid bacterial prepares as follows: Xianggu mushroom strain activation is made spore suspension, is connected to liquid
In body culture medium, inoculum concentration 10% (v/v), in 25 DEG C, rotating speed 120r/min shake-flask culture 4～6 days；
Liquid culture based formulas is: peptone 10g, yeast extract 5g, glucose 20g, sodium acetate 5g, tween
80 2ml, MgSO4·7H2O 0.6g, MnSO4·4H2O 0.1g, K2HPO41.5g water 1000ml, pH 6.4；
115 DEG C of high temperature sterilize 15min, standby.
Described Pleurotus ostreatus liquid spawn prepares as follows: Eight Strains of Pleurotus Ostreatus activation is made spore suspension, is connected to liquid
In body culture medium, inoculum concentration 10% (v/v), in 25 DEG C, rotating speed 120r/min shake-flask culture 4～6 days；
Liquid culture based formulas is: peptone 10g, yeast extract 8g, glucose 20g, sodium acetate 3g, tween
80 1ml, water 1000ml, pH 6.8；115 DEG C of high temperature sterilize 15min, standby.
(3) raw material mixing: by dry mycelium 30g, Semen Maydis powder 200g, Fructus Hordei Vulgaris powder 300g, carrageenan 80g,
Sal 60g, Testa oryzae 150g are crushed to 150 mesh, uniformly mix in mixer, obtain being combined rich in selenium, zinc
The pig feed of edible fungi mycelium.
Embodiment 2
(1) preparation of fermentation medium: the formula of fermentation medium particularly as follows: Calcium selenite. 3.5g/L,
(NH4)2SO45g/L, glutamic acid 3g/L, KH2PO46g/L, ZnSO4·7H2O 0.8g/L, peptone 15g/L,
Glucose 20g/L, yeast extract 10g/L, MgSO4·7H2O 1.1g/L, VB60.3g/L, Vc 1.0g/L, water
1000ml, pH7.5,121 DEG C of high temperature sterilize.
(2) dry mycelial preparation: by mushroom liquid bacterial peace mushroom liquid strain according to volume ratio 1:2 in
Cultivating in fermentation medium, inoculum concentration is 5% (v/v), and fermentation culture temperature is 35 DEG C, and incubation time is
16～18h.Obtain containing mycelial fermentation liquid；Mycelium is separated in 2000rpm with fermentation liquid, collects bacterium
Filament, dries to water content less than 5%, obtains dry mycelium；
Described mushroom liquid bacterial prepares as follows: Xianggu mushroom strain activation is made spore suspension, is connected to liquid
In body culture medium, inoculum concentration 10% (v/v), in 25 DEG C, rotating speed 120r/min shake-flask culture 4～6 days；
Liquid culture based formulas is: peptone 10g, yeast extract 5g, glucose 20g, sodium acetate 5g, tween
80 2ml, MgSO4·7H2O 0.6g, MnSO4·4H2O 0.1g, K2HPO41.5g water 1000ml, pH 6.2；
115 DEG C of high temperature sterilize 15min, standby.
Described Pleurotus ostreatus liquid spawn prepares as follows: Eight Strains of Pleurotus Ostreatus activation is made spore suspension, is connected to liquid
In body culture medium, inoculum concentration 10% (v/v), in 25 DEG C, rotating speed 120r/min shake-flask culture 4～6 days；
Liquid culture based formulas is: peptone 10g, yeast extract 8g, glucose 20g, sodium acetate 3g, tween
80 1ml, water 1000ml, pH 6.8；115 DEG C of high temperature sterilize 15min, standby.
(3) raw material mixing: by dry mycelium 10g, Semen Maydis powder 250g, Fructus Hordei Vulgaris powder 350g, carrageenan 100g,
Sal 40g, Testa oryzae 100g are crushed to 150 mesh, uniformly mix in mixer, obtain being combined rich in selenium, zinc
The pig feed of edible fungi mycelium.
Embodiment 3
(1) preparation of fermentation medium: the formula of fermentation medium particularly as follows: Calcium selenite. 4g/L,
(NH4)2SO44g/L, glutamic acid 4g/L, KH2PO48g/L, ZnSO4·7H2O 0.5g/L, peptone 10g/L,
Glucose 10g/L, yeast extract 8g/L, MgSO4·7H2O 1g/L, VB60.5g/L, Vc 0.5g/L, water 1000ml,
PH8,121 DEG C of high temperature sterilizes；
(2) dry mycelial preparation: by mushroom liquid bacterial peace mushroom liquid strain according to volume ratio 1:2 in
Cultivating in fermentation medium, inoculum concentration is 10% (v/v), and fermentation culture temperature is 32 DEG C, and incubation time is
16～18h.Obtain containing mycelial fermentation liquid；Mycelium is separated in 2000rpm with fermentation liquid, collects bacterium
Filament, dries to water content less than 5%, obtains dry mycelium；
Described mushroom liquid bacterial prepares as follows: Xianggu mushroom strain activation is made spore suspension, is connected to liquid
In body culture medium, inoculum concentration 10% (v/v), in 25 DEG C, rotating speed 120r/min shake-flask culture 4～6 days；
Liquid culture based formulas is: peptone 10g, yeast extract 5g, glucose 20g, sodium acetate 5g, tween
80 2ml, MgSO4·7H2O 0.6g, MnSO4·4H2O 0.1g, K2HPO41.5g water 1000ml, pH
6.26.4；115 DEG C of high temperature sterilize 15min, standby.
Described Pleurotus ostreatus liquid spawn prepares as follows: Eight Strains of Pleurotus Ostreatus activation is made spore suspension, is connected to liquid
In body culture medium, inoculum concentration 10% (v/v), in 25 DEG C, rotating speed 120r/min shake-flask culture 4～6 days；
Liquid culture based formulas is: peptone 10g, yeast extract 8g, glucose 20g, sodium acetate 3g, tween
80 1ml, water 1000ml, pH 7；115 DEG C of high temperature sterilize 15min, standby.
(3) raw material mixing: by dry mycelium 20g, Semen Maydis powder 200g, Fructus Hordei Vulgaris powder 300g, carrageenan 90g,
Sal 50g, Testa oryzae 120g are crushed to 150 mesh, uniformly mix in mixer, obtain being combined rich in selenium, zinc
The pig feed of edible fungi mycelium.
Embodiment 4
(1) preparation of fermentation medium: the formula of fermentation medium particularly as follows: Calcium selenite. 3.5g/L,
(NH4)2SO45g/L, glutamic acid 3g/L, KH2PO46g/L, ZnSO4·7H2O 0.8g/L, peptone 15g/L,
Glucose 20g/L, yeast extract 10g/L, MgSO4·7H2O 1.1g/L, VB60.3g/L, Vc 1.0g/L, water
1000ml, pH7.5～8,121 DEG C of high temperature sterilizes.
(2) dry mycelial preparation: by mushroom liquid bacterial peace mushroom liquid strain according to volume ratio 1:2 in
Cultivating in fermentation medium, inoculum concentration is 8% (v/v), and fermentation medium is cooled to 20～35 DEG C, then carries out
Fermentation culture, fermentation culture temperature is 35 DEG C, and incubation time is 16～18h.Obtain containing mycelial fermentation liquid；
Mycelium is separated in 2000rpm with fermentation liquid, collects mycelium, dry to water content less than 5%, obtain
Dry mycelium；
Described mushroom liquid bacterial prepares as follows: Xianggu mushroom strain activation is made spore suspension, is connected to liquid
In body culture medium, inoculum concentration 10% (v/v), in 25 DEG C, rotating speed 120r/min shake-flask culture 4～6 days；
Liquid culture based formulas is: peptone 10g, yeast extract 5g, glucose 20g, sodium acetate 5g, tween
80 2ml, MgSO4·7H2O 0.6g, MnSO4·4H2O 0.1g, K2HPO41.5g water 1000ml, pH 6.4；
115 DEG C of high temperature sterilize 15min, standby.
Described Pleurotus ostreatus liquid spawn prepares as follows: Eight Strains of Pleurotus Ostreatus activation is made spore suspension, is connected to liquid
In body culture medium, inoculum concentration 10% (v/v), in 25 DEG C, rotating speed 120r/min shake-flask culture 4～6 days；
Liquid culture based formulas is: peptone 10g, yeast extract 8g, glucose 20g, sodium acetate 3g, tween
80 1ml, water 1000ml, pH 7；115 DEG C of high temperature sterilize 15min, standby.
(3) raw material mixing: by dry mycelium 30g, Semen Maydis powder 250g, Fructus Hordei Vulgaris powder 350g, carrageenan 80g,
Sal 60g, Testa oryzae 150g are crushed to 150 mesh, uniformly mix in mixer, obtain being combined rich in selenium, zinc
The pig feed of edible fungi mycelium.
Application examples
Select pig farm, Dalian age in days 0～piglets on the 10th and each 200 of healthy adult pig, be divided into piglet combination
Adult Pig group, then two groups are randomly divided into respectively 4 groups (2 experimental grouies, 2 matched groups), often group is carried out
Repeating for 5 times, repeat 10 every time, male and female is half-and-half.Experimental group is respectively adopted embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 is made
Obtain feeds rich in selenium, the mycelial pig feed of zinc compound edible mushroom；Matched group 1 use Semen Maydis powder 200g,
Fructus Hordei Vulgaris powder 300g, carrageenan 80g, Sal 60g, Testa oryzae 150g is crushed to 150 mesh and uniformly mixes gained and raise
Material feeds；Matched group 2 uses certain commercially available brand pig feed to feed.Piglet and Adult Pig are freely adopted
Food and drinking-water, carry out immunity and anthelmintic according to routine, observe and record every day experimental period piglet and Adult Pig
State of an illness condition, experimental period amounts to 30, experimental period terminate to add up respectively piglet and the average daily gain of Adult Pig,
Daily ingestion amount, sickness rate and survival rate.
The impact on piglet growth performance of the table 1 compound edible mushroom mycelial pig feed
The common Carnis Sus domestica obtained will be cultivated and the test pig using feedstuff of the present invention to obtain with the feedstuff of matched group 1
Meat carries out the contrast of nutritional labeling, specifically refers to table 2.
Table 2 nutritional labeling synopsis
| Nutritive index | Matched group Carnis Sus domestica | Test Carnis Sus domestica |
| Protein (g/100g) | 18.6 | 25.4 |
| Calcium content (mg/kg) | 50.3 | 188.0 |
| Iron content (mg/kg) | 20.1 | 165.3 |
| Se content (mg/kg) | 0.042 | 0.430 |
| Zn content (mg/kg) | 20.5 | 60.0 |
| Fat (g/100g) | 5.20 | 3.60 |
| Cholesterol (mg/kg) | 1000 | 800 |
As seen from the above table, use the Carnis Sus domestica of feedstuff of the present invention, its protein, calcium, ferrum, selenium, Zn content all than
Matched group Carnis Sus domestica is high by 36.6%, 273.76%, 722.4%, 923.8%, 192.7%, metabolism of lipid and cholesterol simultaneously
Content respectively than matched group low 44.4% and 25%.The feedstuff of the present invention is green product, effectively reduces material
Meat ratio, saves feed cost, can be with substitute antibiotics application in normal diet, meanwhile, and gained of the present invention
Feedstuff rich in selenium, zinc and vitamin, can improve the immunity of pig, reduce sickness rate, promote the health of pig
Growth.
The above, the only present invention preferably detailed description of the invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to
In this, any those familiar with the art is in the technical scope of present disclosure, according to the present invention
Technical scheme and inventive concept equivalent or change in addition, all should contain protection scope of the present invention it
In.
Claims (7)
1. the preparation method of the mycelial pig feed of compound edible mushroom, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) preparation of fermentation medium: the formula of fermentation medium particularly as follows: Calcium selenite. 2～4.2g/L,
(NH4)2SO44～6g/L, glutamic acid 2～4g/L, KH2PO45～8g/L, ZnSO4·7H2O 0.1～0.8g/L, egg
White peptone 1～15g/L, glucose 10～20g/L, yeast extract 1～10g/L, MgSO4·7H2O 0.5～1.1g/L, VB6
0.1～0.5g/L, Vc 0.5～1.0g/L, water 1000ml, pH7.5～8,121 DEG C of high temperature sterilizes；
(2) dry mycelial preparation: by mushroom liquid bacterial peace mushroom liquid strain according to volume ratio 1:2 in
Fermentation medium is cultivated, obtains containing mycelial fermentation liquid；By mycelium and fermentation liquid in
2000～10000rpm separate, and collect mycelium, dry to water content less than 5～8%, obtain dry mycelium；
(3) raw material mixing: by dry mycelium, Semen Maydis powder, Fructus Hordei Vulgaris powder, carrageenan, Sal, Testa oryzae according to
Mass ratio (1～3): (20～25): (30～35): (8～10): (4～6): (10～15) weigh,
It is crushed to 100～150 mesh, uniformly mixes in mixer, obtain rich in selenium, the mycelial pig of zinc compound edible mushroom
Feedstuff.
The preparation method of the mycelial pig feed of compound edible mushroom the most according to claim 1, its feature
Being, the formula of fermentation medium is: Calcium selenite. 3.5g/L, (NH4)2SO45g/L, glutamic acid 3g/L,
KH2PO46g/L, ZnSO4·7H2O 0.8g/L, peptone 15g/L, glucose 20g/L, yeast extract 10g/L,
MgSO4·7H2O 1.1g/L, VB60.3g/L, Vc 1.0g/L, water 1000ml, pH7.5～8,121 DEG C of high temperature
Sterilizing.
The preparation method of the mycelial pig feed of compound edible mushroom the most according to claim 1, its feature
Being, described step (2) inoculum concentration is 5～10% (v/v).
The preparation method of the mycelial pig feed of compound edible mushroom the most according to claim 1, its feature
Being, in described step (2), fermentation culture temperature is 32～35 DEG C, and incubation time is 16～18h.
The preparation method of the mycelial pig feed of compound edible mushroom the most according to claim 1, its feature
Being, described step (2) fermentation medium is cooled to 20～35 DEG C, then carries out fermentation culture.
The preparation method of the mycelial pig feed of compound edible mushroom the most according to claim 1, its feature
Being, described mushroom liquid bacterial prepares as follows: Xianggu mushroom strain activation is made spore suspension, is connected to
In fluid medium, inoculum concentration 10% (v/v), in 25 DEG C, rotating speed 120r/min shake-flask culture 4～6 days；
Liquid culture based formulas is: peptone 10g, yeast extract 5g, glucose 20g, sodium acetate 5g, tween
802ml, MgSO4·7H2O 0.6g, MnSO4·4H2O 0.1g, K2HPO41.5g, water 1000ml, pH 6.2～
6.4；115 DEG C of high temperature sterilize 15min, standby.
The preparation method of the mycelial pig feed of compound edible mushroom the most according to claim 1, its feature
Being, described Pleurotus ostreatus liquid spawn prepares as follows: Eight Strains of Pleurotus Ostreatus activation is made spore suspension, is connected to
In fluid medium, inoculum concentration 10% (v/v), in 25 DEG C, rotating speed 120r/min shake-flask culture 4～6 days；
Liquid culture based formulas is: peptone 10g, yeast extract 8g, glucose 20g, sodium acetate 3g, tween
80 1ml, water 1000ml, pH 6.8～7；115 DEG C of high temperature sterilize 15min, standby.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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