CN105940938A - High-yield oat cultivation method in semi-arid region - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-yield oat cultivation method in a semi-arid region. The technology of ridge and furrow rainwater harvesting is implemented, rainfall harvested by ridges and furrows flows into planting furrows, and rainwater is superimposed in the furrows and infiltrates more deeply, so that the water content of soil is increased. Farmland crop growth microtopography is changed by the planting technology of ridge and furrow rainwater harvesting, plant root systems change in soil spatial pattern, and the use efficiency of the rainfall resource is improved. A water-retaining agent is applied at the same time, is capable of improving the soil structure, promoting granule formation and absorbing and keeping water with the weight hundreds or thousands times that of the water-retaining agent to achieve soil water storage and preservation and is capable of releasing the absorbed water when soil is arid and short of water.

Description

A kind of semiarid region Herba bromi japonici high yield cultivating method

Technical field

The present invention relates to Herba bromi japonici technical field of cultivation, be specifically related to a kind of semiarid region Herba bromi japonici high yield cultivating method.

Background technology

Datong Basin, Shanxi Province is located in edge, northeast, loess plateau and handing-over area, mountain range, Taihang Mountain, belongs to arid, semiarid zone, Ecological environment is more fragile, but the ecological environment of its uniqueness and weather conditions, it is particularly suitable for the production of miscellaneous grain crops, is that China's miscellaneous grain crops are raw One of important production base produced.Herba bromi japonici has more the ability that adapts to widely in the region, and development oat industry is for solving me State is the most still widely present serious Food Security and area ecological environment problem has important practical significance.

Herba bromi japonici belongs to grass family Pooideae Avena, is the annual crop of a kind of army provisions dual-purpose, can be divided into Avena stivai and naked Herba bromi japonici two class, its have strong adaptability, be of high nutritive value, grass yield high.Herba bromi japonici is with a long history in Chinese cultivated, plants Planting region wide, wherein, Shanxi Taihang, Luliang Prefecture are traditional main producing regions of China's oat industry, and it is total that sown area accounts for the whole nation More than the 12% of area.Numerous researchs show, rich in nutrients such as water soluble dietary fiber, protein, fat in oat grain Matter, is first and is approved by the FDA in the United States the health food that can use " having reduction heart disease risk " this title.In spring Sowing Herba bromi japonici, is conducive to it to complete life cycle, increases yield, but dried in spring, wind become the most again harm, and oat seedlings survives Key factor, traditional Oatplanting method is difficult to solve the problem that in spring planting process, emergence rate is low, survival rate is little.

Summary of the invention

For solving the problems referred to above, the invention provides a kind of semiarid region Herba bromi japonici high yield cultivating method, ditch ridge collection rain planting technology, Ridge culture is collection rain belt, and ditch flows to plant in ditch as the rainfall that growing area, ridge and ditch are collected, makes rainwater produce superposition in ditch, Thus increase soil moisture content, improve emergence rate and the later stage biological yield of oat seedlings.

For achieving the above object, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is:

A kind of semiarid region Herba bromi japonici high yield cultivating method, comprises the steps:

S1, selection breeding: select drought resisting, Salt And Alkali Tolerance, suitable local high-yield variety, such as swallow No. 1, dam oats 3, dam Oats 1, dam oats 5 etc..

S2, seed treatment: broadcast after first 7 days seed carbendazim dress seed with the dosage of seed weight 3/1000ths, reject not plump thin Grain and impurity, make seed purity reach more than 96%；Then select sunny calm sky to ted 3～4 days, ted thickness 3～5cm；

S3, sowing ground prepare: tilling depth 25cm, and late March carries out harrowing a kind of farm tools suppression；

S4, fertilising: execute high-quality farm manure 45000kg/hm²；Seed manure selects Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 45～100kg/hm²；Employing of topdressing is fast Effect nitrogenous fertilizer, topdresses at ridge back of the body trench digging before jointing, and general consumption is 150～190kg/hm²；Basic and fertile also dependent on soil fertility Material quality determines fertilising quantity；

S5, beginning sowing in good time: in late March or early April, use ridge film collection rain sowing planting mode to sow, ridge is collection rain District, ditch is growing area, and ditch ridge ratio is for 60cm: 20cm, and slope, ridge is about 40 °, ridge a height of 20～25cm, and line-spacing is 20cm, Seed level 4～6cm, application rate is 150～190kg/hm², 3 row Herba bromi japonicis planted by every ditch；

S6, execute water-retaining agent: after emerging, after first being mixed with soil in mass ratio 1: 10 by water-retaining agent, trench digging, ditch depth 10～15cm, Applying blinding, water-retaining agent consumption is 60kg/hm²；

S7, field management: two leaves wholeheartedly carry out intertilling for the first time to SANYE one heart stage, and shallow hoe is carefully uprooted, and reaches weed eradication and does not bury Seedling； Unified with nature precipitation or little water is needed to irrigate when topdressing；

S8, preventing disease pest control: when aphid at the beginning of 6 months by the end of May occurs in a large number, spray with 1000 times of aphid gram west liquid, dosage be 600～ 750kg/hm²；When armyworm reaches more than 15 at a square metre wheatland, use new 2000 times of liquid, or 3000 times of liquid of Xiang difficult to understand Spraying, dosage is 600～750kg/hm²。

S9, results: when having Herba bromi japonici fringe by green flavescence, upper, middle part seed is hardening, shows the normal size of seed and color and luster, Gather in the crops when entering the stage of yellow ripeness.

The method have the advantages that

Implementing furrow collection rain planting technology, the rainfall of ridge and ditch collection flows to plant in ditch, makes rainwater at ditch Middle generation superposition, and infiltrate deeper, thus increase soil moisture content.Ditch ridge collection rain planting technology changes field-crop and grows micro-ly Shape, so that plant root changes in soil space general layout, improves using of precipitation resource efficiency.Use water-retaining agent, energy simultaneously Enough improve Soil structure, promote the formation of granule, and can absorb rapidly and keep sole mass hundreds times or even the moisture of thousands of times, Reach the purpose retained and conserved soil moisture.When soil drought hydropenia, it the most releasably goes out absorbed moisture.

Detailed description of the invention

In order to make objects and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is carried out the most specifically Bright.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein, only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.

Embodiment 1

Place: Dong Wang village village of Shui Bosi township, Datong City of Shanxi Province, height above sea level 1050m, average annual rainfall is 370-460mm, steams Amount of sending out is for 1876mm, and the violent evaporation phase, average temperature of the whole year was 7.0 DEG C in spring and autumn, frost-free period 138d.

S11, selection breeding: select ' with swallow No. 1 ' as pilot production kind.

S12, seed treatment: broadcast first 7 days seed carbendazim and dress seed with the dosage of seed weight 3/1000ths；Reject not plump thin Grain and impurity, make seed purity reach more than 96%；Sunny calm sky is selected to ted 3 days, thickness 5cm.

S13, sowing ground prepare: tilling depth 25cm, carry out March 25 harrowing a kind of farm tools suppression.

S14, fertilising: execute high-quality farm manure 45000kg/hm²；Seed manure selects Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 90kg/hm²；Topdress employing available nitrogen Fertilizer, topdresses at ridge back of the body trench digging before jointing, and consumption is 150kg/hm²。

S15, beginning sowing in good time: March 28, use ridge film collection rain sowing planting mode to sow, ridge is collection rain belt, and ditch is Growing area, ditch ridge ratio is for 60cm: 20cm, and slope, ridge is about 40 °, ridge a height of 20～25cm, and line-spacing is 20cm, seed level 4～ 6cm, application rate is 150kg/hm², 3 row Herba bromi japonicis planted by every ditch.

S16, execute water-retaining agent: after emerging, first water-retaining agent is mixed (1: 10) with soil, post-trenching, ditch depth 10～15cm, apply Blinding, water-retaining agent consumption is 60kg/hm²。

S17, field management: two leaves wholeheartedly carry out intertilling for the first time to SANYE one heart stage, it is desirable to shallow hoe is carefully uprooted, and reaches weed eradication and does not buries Seedling；Unified with nature precipitation or little water is needed to irrigate when topdressing.

S18, preventing disease pest control: May 30 sprayed plant with 1000 times of aphid gram west liquid, and dosage is 680kg/hm²。

S19, results: August 15, Herba bromi japonici fringe turns yellow, upper, middle part seed is hardening, shows the normal size of seed and color Pool, gathers in the crops.

Embodiment 2

Place: Huairen County, city of Xinzhou Shanxi hair soap, height above sea level 1070m, average annual rainfall is 350-470mm, and evaporation capacity is 1800mm, the violent evaporation phase, average temperature of the whole year was 7.3 DEG C, frost-free period 135d in spring and autumn.

S21, selection breeding: select ' dam oats 5 ' as pilot production kind.

S22, seed treatment: broadcast first 7 days seed carbendazim and dress seed with the dosage of seed weight 3/1000ths；Reject not plump thin Grain and impurity, make seed purity reach more than 96%；Sunny calm sky is selected to ted 3 days, thickness 5cm.

S23, sowing ground prepare: tilling depth 25cm, carry out April 1 harrowing a kind of farm tools suppression.

S24, fertilising: execute high-quality farm manure 45000kg/hm²；Seed manure selects Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 90kg/hm²；Topdress employing available nitrogen Fertilizer, topdresses at ridge back of the body trench digging before jointing, and consumption is 150kg/hm²。

S25, beginning sowing in good time: April 3, use ridge film collection rain sowing planting mode to sow, ridge is collection rain belt, ditch for kind Planting district, ditch ridge ratio is for 60cm: 20cm, and slope, ridge is about 40 °, ridge a height of 20～25cm, and line-spacing is 20cm, seed level 4～6cm, Application rate is 165kg/hm², 3 row Herba bromi japonicis planted by every ditch.

S26, execute water-retaining agent: after emerging, first water-retaining agent is mixed (1: 10) with soil, post-trenching, ditch depth 10～15cm, apply Blinding, water-retaining agent consumption is 60kg/hm²。

S27, field management: two leaves wholeheartedly carry out intertilling for the first time to SANYE one heart stage, it is desirable to shallow hoe is carefully uprooted, and reaches weed eradication and does not buries Seedling；Unified with nature precipitation or little water is needed to irrigate when topdressing.

S28, preventing disease pest control: June 5 sprayed plant with 1000 times of aphid gram west liquid, and dosage is 680kg/hm²。

S29, results: August 20, Herba bromi japonici fringe turns yellow, upper, middle part seed is hardening, shows the normal size of seed and color Pool, gathers in the crops.

The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for those skilled in the art, Under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, it is also possible to make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be regarded as this Bright protection domain.

Claims (1)

1. a semiarid region Herba bromi japonici high yield cultivating method, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:

S1, selection breeding: select drought resisting, Salt And Alkali Tolerance, suitable local high-yield variety；

S2, seed treatment: broadcast after first 7 days seed carbendazim dress seed with the dosage of seed weight 3/1000ths, reject not plump thin Grain and impurity, make seed purity reach more than 96%；Then select sunny calm sky to ted 3～4 days, ted thickness 3～5cm；

S3, sowing ground prepare: tilling depth 25cm, and late March carries out harrowing a kind of farm tools suppression；

S4, fertilising: with high-quality farm manure as base fertilizer, consumption is 45000kg/hm²；Seed manure selects Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 45～100kg/hm²； Topdress employing instant nitrogenousfertilizer, topdresses at ridge back of the body trench digging before jointing, and general consumption is 150～190kg/hm²；

S5, beginning sowing in good time: in late March or early April, use ridge film collection rain sowing planting mode to sow, ridge is collection rain District, ditch is growing area, and ditch ridge ratio is for 60cm: 20cm, and slope, ridge is about 40 °, ridge a height of 20～25cm, and line-spacing is 20cm, Seed level 4～6cm, application rate is 150～190kg/hm², 3 row Herba bromi japonicis planted by every ditch；

S6, execute water-retaining agent: after emerging, after first being mixed with soil in mass ratio 1: 10 by water-retaining agent, trench digging, ditch depth 10～15cm, Applying blinding, water-retaining agent consumption is 60kg/hm²；

S7, field management: two leaves wholeheartedly carry out intertilling for the first time to SANYE one heart stage, and shallow hoe is carefully uprooted, and reaches weed eradication and does not bury Seedling； Unified with nature precipitation or little water is needed to irrigate when topdressing；

S8, preventing disease pest control: when aphid at the beginning of 6 months by the end of May occurs in a large number, spray with 1000 times of aphid gram west liquid, dosage be 600～ 750kg/hm²；When armyworm reaches more than 15 at a square metre wheatland, use new 2000 times of liquid, or 3000 times of liquid of Xiang difficult to understand Spraying, dosage is 600～750kg/hm²。

S9, results: when having Herba bromi japonici fringe by green flavescence, upper, middle part seed is hardening, shows the normal size of seed and color and luster, Gather in the crops when entering the stage of yellow ripeness.