CN105934211A - 带后路椎弓根固定件的可扩张椎管内植入*** - Google Patents

带后路椎弓根固定件的可扩张椎管内植入*** Download PDF

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CN105934211A
CN105934211A CN201480070702.5A CN201480070702A CN105934211A CN 105934211 A CN105934211 A CN 105934211A CN 201480070702 A CN201480070702 A CN 201480070702A CN 105934211 A CN105934211 A CN 105934211A
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pedicle
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vertebral arch
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让-弗朗索瓦·奥古拉扎
伊夫-阿兰·雷通
吉安卢卡·马艾斯特瑞特
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Stryker European Operations Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种可扩张椎管内植入***,包括:椎管内植入物(1),该椎管内植入物(1)带前路部(11),在椎体内可扩张;以及椎弓根固定件(2),该椎弓根固定件(2)具有至少一个用于容纳后路部的空心区段。本发明还涉及一种附加包括后路元件(3)的所述可扩张椎管内植入***,该后路元件(3)部分地排列于椎骨外并且刚性地连接到椎弓根固定件(2),用作至少一个椎管内钉棒或者至少一个人造韧带***的锚定点。

Description

带后路椎弓根固定件的可扩张椎管内植入***
技术领域
本发明涉及带后路椎弓根固定件的可扩张椎管内植入***。更特别地,本发明涉及通过附加固定地锚定在椎弓根中的椎弓根销钉,提供增强椎骨锚定的可扩张椎管内植入***。
背景技术
已知有几种椎体成形技术用于执行椎骨矫正,使例如因为骨质疏松或者损伤导致的骨压迫而变形的椎骨恢复其初始形状或者形态。
例如,已知脊柱后凸技术,该技术包括:使可膨胀球囊进入椎骨;然后,将加压液体送入位于椎骨内的球囊中,以迫使形成皮质椎骨膜;以及特别是下椎板和上椎板在压力的作用下恢复矫正形状。一矫正了皮质骨膜,球囊就缩小,并且从椎骨中移出,从而能够将骨水泥注入其内,旨在给予矫正椎骨始终稳定的机械强度。
特别是在整个国际专利申请WO2005/120400中,已知可扩张植入物,该可扩张植入物包括第一和第二对置板,该第一和第二对置板分别适合在椎体中形成第一和第二承载面,这两个承载面旨在沿着预定扩张面互相分离。可扩张植入物位于椎体中,并且沿着对应于追寻的骨矫正面的扩张面部署该板。然后,注入骨水泥,以使骨矫正稳定。可以利用保持在椎体中的适当位置的植入物,以较低压力注入骨水泥。
对于大多数严重损伤,采用上面引用的方法证明不能胜任。优选地利用***被压迫椎骨的上椎骨和下椎骨的椎弓根中的螺钉,执行对椎骨骨折,并且特别是对压迫导致的椎骨骨折进行修复,这些螺钉与后路钉棒相连,因此,将这两个上椎骨和下椎骨机械地连接,以使椎骨牢固。椎弓根螺钉在现有技术中众所周知。尤其公知诸如美国专利5,209,753中描述的螺钉。
该技术的缺陷在于固定连接上椎骨和下椎骨的后路钉棒导致两个椎骨关节级的融合。此外,这些方法不是始终能够骨矫正压迫椎骨,而仅使相邻椎骨稳定,并且因此锁定两个关节级。此外,与该过程关联的外科手术动作非常具有侵袭性并且要求进入至少两个椎骨。
为了克服这些缺陷,显然需要提供一种能够修复椎骨骨折,并且特别是能够修复压迫导致的严重椎骨骨折、防止融合并且能够在椎弓根固定件位于椎体中的可扩张椎管内植入物的设备。
这样,本发明的目的是使旨在锚定在椎弓根中的椎弓根固定件(例如,销钉或者套筒)与位于椎体中的可扩张椎管内植入物相连。该椎弓根固定件确保骨骼的高可靠性支承和锚定。的确,尽管椎体由具有30至90%的高孔隙率的松质骨构成,椎弓根由具有5至30%的孔隙率的皮质骨构成,因此,对椎管内植入物提供强机械支承,并且能够重构椎骨骨折,并且特别是能够重构压迫导致的椎骨骨折,甚至能够重构最严重骨折。
公知包括锚定在椎弓根骨中的添加物的可扩张骨植入***,诸如例如专利申请EP2 074 956和US 2009/005821中描述的***。然而,这些***描述了例如通过拧紧两个部件刚性地连接到所述椎弓根固定件的可扩张零件。因为该原因,可扩张零件的扩张方向和该零件在椎体中的定位直接取决于椎弓根固定件的位置。
本发明的优点在于,能够沿着椎弓根固定件所在位置的至少一个自由度独立地部署可扩张椎管内植入物。当植入***位于椎骨的延伸中时,植入***还使得能够相对于椎弓根固定件紧固所述可扩张椎管内植入物(即,锁定所有自由度)。
有利的是,作为连接***的后路元件与椎弓根固定件元件相连,使得例如利用旨在使骨折点进一步稳定的后路钉棒或者其他***,其能够与完成骨矫正的可扩张椎管内植入装置邻接。
这样,本发明利用带后路椎弓根固定件的模块式可扩张椎管内植入***确保椎骨矫正。
发明内容
因此,本发明涉及一种可扩张椎管内植入***,包括:椎管内植入物,该椎管内植入物包括位于椎体中的可扩张前路部和后路部;以及椎弓根固定件,该椎弓根固定件具有至少一个用于容纳椎管内植入物的后路部的空心区段。
根据一个实施例,椎弓根固定件包括外螺纹,用于确保所述椎弓根固定件锚定在椎弓根中。
根据一个实施例,椎弓根固定件包括空心后路内部区段和空心前路内部区段,其中椎管内植入物的后路部能够沿着至少一个自由度运动。
根据一个实施例,椎弓根固定件包括主轴,并且椎管内植入物的后路部能够以椎管内植入物的前路部的扩张方向不取决于椎弓根固定件在椎弓根中的位置的方式,在椎弓根固定件的前路内部区段中以位移和旋转方式沿着椎弓根固定件的主轴运动。
根据一个实施例,椎管内植入物的前路部包括第一和第二板,该第一和第二板适用于在椎体中分别形成第一和第二支承面,这两个支承面适合沿着预定扩张面互相分离。
根据一个实施例,前路内部区段包括位于前路内部区段的内表面上的至少一个凹口。
根据一个实施例,椎管内植入物的后路部的后路区段包括圆柱状凹槽和至少一个紧固装置,该紧固装置适合锁定椎管内植入物与椎弓根固定件之间的旋转方式和位移方式的相对运动。
根据一个实施例,紧固装置包括至少一个通孔和***室,该通孔穿过后路区段,所述***室将后路区段的表面与所述至少一个通孔流体联通。
根据一个实施例,紧固装置包括至少两个槽缝,该槽缝在轴向上沿着后路区段、内螺纹和扩口后路端延伸;适合与锥形扩张帽接合。
根据一个实施例,利用拧入后路内部区段的内螺纹中的螺纹棒,将后路元件紧固到椎弓根固定件。
根据一个实施例,后路元件包括后路区段,该后路区段适合与诸如钉棒或者人造韧带的附加后路固定元件组装。
附图说明
根据下面参考附图所做的说明性的而非限制性的描述,其他特定特征和优点显而易见,其中:
图1是根据本发明的一个实施例的植入***的分解图。
图2是根据本发明的一个实施例的椎管内植入物的侧视图。
图3A是根据本发明的一个实施例的椎弓根固定件的侧视图。
图3B是根据本发明的一个实施例的椎弓根固定件的剖视图。
图4是根据本发明的一个实施例的后路元件的透视图。
图5是根据本发明的一个实施例、安装在适合***植入***的器械上的植入***的侧视图。
图6A是根据本发明的一个实施例、位于椎骨中的植入***的侧视图,所述椎骨被示为透明的,仅由其轮廓线可见。
图6B是根据本发明的一个实施例、位于椎骨中的植入***的俯视图,所述椎骨被示为透明的,仅由其轮廓线可见。
图7A是根据本发明的一个实施例、植入物的前路部扩张之前的植入***的截面图。
图7B是根据本发明的一个实施例、植入物的后路部扩张之后的植入***的截面图。
图8A是示出用于将椎弓根固定件紧固到根据本发明的一个实施例的椎管内植入物的装置的植入物的前路部扩张后,植入***的剖视图。
图8B是示出用于将椎弓根固定件紧固到根据本发明的一个实施例的植入物的装置的植入物的前路部扩张后,椎管内植入物的透视图。
图8C是具体示出根据本发明的一个实施例的前路内部区段的椎弓根固定件的透视图。
图9A是示出用于将椎弓根固定件紧固到根据本发明的一个实施例的椎管内植入物的装置的植入物的前路部扩张后,植入***的剖视图。
图9B是示出用于将椎弓根固定件紧固到根据本发明的一个实施例的椎管内植入物的装置的植入物的前路部扩张后,植入***的透视图。
图10A是根据本发明的一个实施例、位于椎骨中的植入***的侧视图,所述椎骨被示为透明的,仅由其轮廓线可见。
图10B是根据本发明的一个实施例、位于椎骨中的植入***的截面图,所述椎骨被示为透明的,仅由其轮廓线可见。
附图中的图不是按比例的。显然,本发明的范围并不局限于参考附图更具体描述和示出的实施例的示例,相反,其包含任何替换实施例。
图中标号说明如下:
1:椎管内植入物
11:椎管内植入物的前路部
12:椎管内植入物的后路部
121:肩
122:圆柱状凹槽
123:室
124:通孔
125:槽缝
126:内螺纹
127:扩口后路端
128:椎管内植入物的后路部的后路区段
13:中心牵引管
131:通孔
2:椎弓根固定件
21:外螺纹
22:后路内部区段
221:内螺纹
23:前路内部区段
231:凹口
24:用于使椎弓根固定件旋转的装置-缺口
25:进入沟槽
3:后路元件
31:前路区段
311:外螺纹
32:后路区段
4:椎骨
5:***器械
51:可旋转地连接到椎弓根固定件的套管
52:扩张管
6:锥形扩张帽
具体实施方式
本发明涉及带后路椎弓根固定件的可扩张椎管内植入***。
根据第一实施例,植入***包括与椎弓根固定件相连的椎管内植入物,该椎弓根固定件保证附加锚定在椎弓根。
根据第二实施例,如图1所示,植入***包括:椎管内植入物1,该椎管内植入物1与椎弓根固定件2和后路元件3相连,该后路元件3适合将后路连接到椎骨、任何旨在稳定、增强或者修复椎骨骨折,特别是压迫导致的椎骨骨折的设备。
椎管内植入物
如图2所示,根据本发明的椎管内植入物1包括前路部11和后路部12。
根据一个实施例,前路部11对应于还在专利申请EP 1 778 136描述的、本技术领域内的技术人员公知的可变形并且可扩张的椎管内植入物1,诸如VEXIM公司市售的植入物,在此通过引用合并该专利申请。预定指明,本技术领域内的技术人员阅读了所述专利申请后容易发现对本发明的实施例要求的特征。特别是,本发明的椎管内植入物1的前路部11由能够骨矫正的可扩张部构成,并且该可扩张部包括:
-所述前路部11固有的预定单扩张面,
-第一和第二对置板,该第一和第二对置板适合在椎体中分别形成第一和第二承载面,这两个承载面旨在当植入物扩张时沿着所述扩张面互相分离,
-分别位于所述第一和第二板下面的所述第一和第二板的第一和第二支承件,
-用于设定预定扩张值的装置,该装置包含,排列于所述支承件与相应板之间的一层薄的(veil)材料,所述层具有使其能够监视植入物的扩张的预定厚度。根据一个实施例,所述前路部11也包括中心牵引管13,该中心牵引管13适合用于控制第一和第二板的扩张。根据一个替换实施例,椎管内植入物1的前路部11是本技术领域内的技术人员公知的、可变形、可扩张并且在扩张之后适合保留在椎体中的任何椎管内植入物。
根据一个实施例,如图7A-B、8A-B、9A-B和10A-B所示,中心牵引管13是空心的并且包括至少一个通孔131,该通孔131适合在第一和第二板扩张之后,将诸如骨水泥的填充材料注入椎骨4中。根据一个实施例,中心牵引管13至少包括1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10个通孔131。根据一个实施例,(各)通孔131在径向上穿过中心牵引管13,以在内导管与外表面之间实现液体联通。根据一个实施例,中心牵引管13包括多个规则地分布于其表面上的通孔131。根据一个实施例,至少一个通孔131位于两个板之间,从而在植入物发生扩张并且两个板分离后,与椎骨的内部液体联通。有利的是,将填充材料注入椎骨4中使得植入物1的前路部11能够在扩张之后能够保持在椎体中的适当位置。根据一个实施例,填充材料是生物相容骨水泥,例如,离子水泥、磷质石灰水泥(phosphocalcium cement)、丙烯酸水泥或者这些的化合物或者树脂。根据一个实施例,填充材料在注入之后固化。有利的是,填充材料的固化使得能够固结椎骨4并且能够增强植入***在椎骨4中的植入强度。
根据一个实施例,后路部12是空心圆柱体,该空心圆柱体在其前路端通过肩121连接到前路部11的后路端。所述后路部12包括圆柱状凹槽122,最初位于前路部11中的中心牵引管13能够通过该圆柱状凹槽122滑动。通过拉中心牵引管13,中心牵引管13在后路部12的圆柱状凹槽122中滑动,并且前路部11的前路端和后路端移动得更近,使得椎管内植入物1的前路部11的第一和第二板扩张。中心牵引管13适用于控制可扩张可变形前路部11的部署。在凹槽122内,一拉动牵引管13,该管就不能再返回其初始位置,这样保持前路部11的扩张,直到注入骨水泥或者代用品。
根据图8B具体示出的一个实施例,椎管内植入物1的后路部12包括圆柱状凹槽122和至少一个通孔124。有利的是,至少一个通孔位于后路部12的后路区段128中。根据一个实施例,后路区段128是永久地保留在前路内部区段23中的椎管内植入物的后路部12的区段。根据一个实施例,圆柱状凹槽122穿过植入物的整个后路部12。根据一个实施例,椎管内植入物的后路部12并且特别是后路区段128还包括具有减小外径的区段,因此限定***室123。根据一个实施例,至少一个通孔124从圆柱状凹槽122到***室123穿过植入物的后路部12。根据一个实施例,植入物的后路部12,并且特别是其后路区段128至少包括1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10个通孔124。根据一个实施例,通孔124规则地分布于后路区段128上。
根据图9B所示的一个实施例,椎管内植入物的后路部12包括圆柱状凹槽122和至少一个穿过后路部12并且在轴向上延伸的槽缝125。有利的是,该至少一个槽缝125位于后路部12的后路区段128中。根据一个实施例,后路区段128对应于永久地保留在前路内部区段23中的椎管内植入物的后路部12的区段。根据一个实施例,圆柱状凹槽122穿过植入物的整个后路部12。根据一个实施例,椎管内植入物的后路部12并且特别是后路区段128还包括位于圆柱状凹槽122的内表面上的内螺纹126。根据一个实施例,椎管内植入物的后路部12并且特别是后路区段128还包括适合与锥形扩张帽6接合的扩口后路端127。根据一个实施例,后路部12至少包括1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10个槽缝125。根据一个实施例,槽缝125沿着全部或者一部分后路区段128延伸。根据一个实施例,螺纹126沿着全部或者部分后路区段128延伸。
根据一个实施例,椎管内植入物1的扩张不是因为将产品注入植入物1的后路部导致的。然而,注入填充材料能够使得植入物一处于其扩张位置就能够稳定。根据一个实施例,椎管内植入物1不包括旨在填充产品(例如,填充材料)从而使得该袋能够扩张的袋,。根据一个实施例,仅通过前路部11注入填充材料不允许椎管内植入物1扩张。
根据一个实施例,椎管内植入物1的后路部12不包括旨在与椎弓根固定件2拧在一起的外螺纹。
椎弓根固定件
如图3A所示,根据本发明的椎弓根固定件2包括至少一个螺纹21。根据一个实施例,椎弓根固定件2包括位于椎弓根固定件2的外表面上的螺纹21。所述外螺纹21适于在椎弓根中提供骨锚定。将椎弓根固定件2锚定在椎弓根中对椎管内植入物1并且特别是对所述植入物1的可扩张前路部12提供附加机械支承。位于椎弓根固定件2的前路端的沟槽25有助于将椎弓根固定件2***骨组织中。根据一个实施例,椎弓根固定件2的外表面没有外螺纹产生的纹理之外是纹理,诸如例如网格结构、条纹结构或者斑纹结构。如图3B所示,椎弓根固定件2是包括后路内部区段22和前路内部区段23的空心圆柱状椎弓根销钉或者套筒。根据一个实施例,椎弓根固定件2不是包括空心内部局部区段的固体椎弓根螺钉。根据一个实施例,椎弓根固定件2沿着其整个长度是空心的。根据一个实施例,后路内部区段22和前路内部区段23不具有相同的表面条件。
根据一个实施例,后路内部区段22包括内螺纹221或者本技术领域范围内的任何其他装置,用于将固定件2连接到后路元件3。
根据一个实施例,前路内部区段23包括孔径,该孔径限定用于容纳椎管内植入物1的后路部12的空心区段。根据一个实施例,前路内部区段23的表面是平滑的。根据一个实施例,前路内部区段23的表面没有螺纹。根据一个实施例,椎管内植入物1并且特别是后路部12不穿过整个空心椎弓根固定件2。根据一个实施例,椎管内植入物1的后路部12旨在***前路内部区段23中。根据一个实施例,后路部12用作椎弓根固定件2的导向器。因此,肩121用作固定件2的导向制动器。根据一个实施例,椎管内植入物1的后路部12能够沿着至少一个自由度特别是沿着椎弓根固定件2的后路内部区段23中的2个自由度移动。根据一个实施例,椎管内植入物1的后路部12在前路内部区段23中滑动。根据一个实施例,后路部12与前路内部区段23之间的机械连结是滑动枢轴连结。根据一个实施例,椎弓根固定件2,特别是椎弓根销钉限定主轴。根据该实施例,椎管内植入物1的后路部12能够在椎弓根固定件2的前路内部区段23中沿着所述主轴以旋转方式和位移方式运动。
有利的是,前路区段23使得椎管内植入物1在椎弓根中独立于椎弓根固定件2的锚定扩张。的确,沿着椎弓根固定件2的主轴位移的自由度使得能够不限制椎管内植入物1在椎体中定位(即,因为部署导致的进给)。此外,绕着椎弓根固定件2的主轴旋转的自由度使得能够不限制椎管内植入物1的扩张方向。这样,椎管内植入物1当被部署时就根据部署其的介质(即,椎体)适合其部署位置。
根据一个实施例,前路内部区段23不包括外螺纹。根据一个实施例,前路内部区段23和椎管内植入物1不拧在一起。
根据一个实施例,前路内部区段23还包括至少一个凹口231,如图8C所示。根据一个实施例,前路内部区段23包括至少一个轴向凹口(即,与z轴平行的凹口)。根据一个实施例,前路内部区段23包括至少一个横向凹口(即,垂直于z轴)。根据一个实施例,前路内部区段23包括至少一个斜向凹口231。
根据一个实施例,前路内部区段23包括至少一个轴向和/或者横向和/或者斜向凹口231。根据一个实施例,至少一个凹口231包括不恒定截面。根据一个实施例,前路内部区段23包括至少2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10个凹口231。根据一个实施例,凹口规则地分布于前路区段12的内表面上。根据一个实施例,椎弓根固定件2包括至少一个适合利用***器械5使椎弓根固定件2旋转的缺口24或者本技术领域范围内的任何其他装置。
后路元件
如图4所示,根据本发明的后路元件3包括前路区段31,该前路区段31由钉棒,优选地由与椎弓根固定件2的内螺纹221接合的螺纹钉棒311构成,因此,能够将后路元件3固定到椎弓根固定件2。后路元件3还包括位于椎骨4外的后路区段32,其几何形状使得能够执行与本技术领域内的技术人员公知的诸如钉棒或者人造韧带的辅助后路固定元件的组合功能。能够设想与本技术领域内的技术人员公知的其他***的任何组合构造。后路元件3还包括承载面33,根据操作员进行的选择和/或者椎弓根固定件2在椎弓根骨(pedicle bone)中穿过,承载面33对着骨组织或者对着椎弓根固定件2的后路区段。
手术
在产生了进路并且在椎弓根钻孔后,利用***器械5将包括椎弓根固定件2和椎骨植入物1的植入******椎弓根中,然后拧紧,如图5所示,其中后路部12***椎弓根固定件2的前路内部区段23中。所述***器械5包括工作套管51,利用在椎弓根中拧紧椎弓根固定件2的缺口24,该工作套管51可旋转地紧固(即,连接)到椎弓根固定件2。所述***器械5还包括沿着***器械5的主轴布置的扩张管52,并且构造该扩张管52,以至少横过后路内部区段22的长度。扩张管52紧固(即,连接)到椎管内植入物1的后路部12,并且特别是紧固到椎管内植入物1的中心牵引管13。通过在骨组织中拧入椎弓根固定件2的外螺纹21控制植入***的***深度,从而在椎体中最佳地定位椎管内植入物1。以轴旋转方式定位椎管内植入物1由操作员利用管52独立于***椎弓根固定件2控制,以保持扩张面,例如,椎管内植入物1的头尾(cranio-caudal)扩张板,而与在***椎弓根固定件2时获得的拧入角无关。如图6A、6B、10A和10B所示,根据本发明的椎管内植入***穿过椎弓根,然后,椎管内植入物1位于椎体中并且椎弓根固定件2锚定在椎弓根中。
根据一个实施例,***了输入***后,椎弓根固定件2牢固地固定在椎弓根中,并且其圆柱状后路部12将椎管内植入物1部分地紧固在椎弓根固定件2。的确,将圆柱状后路部12***前路内部区段23中,因此,锁定绕着y轴和x轴的旋转运动并且锁定沿着所述x轴和y轴的位移。因为该原因,这些锁定的自由度确保在***前路内部区段23中的圆柱状后路部12之间局部锁定。术语紧固指锁定椎弓根固定件2与椎管内植入物1之间的全部自由度。术语部分紧固指锁定这两个零件之间的至少一个自由度。然后,椎弓根固定件2与肩121邻接。这样,椎管内植入物1在椎弓根中具有附加支承点。根据一个实施例,椎骨植入物1不通过拧紧来紧固到椎弓根固定件2。根据一个实施例,与椎弓根固定件2组装的椎管内植入物1的后路部12不横过椎弓根固定件2的两侧。根据一个实施例,椎骨植入物1的后路部12安装在椎弓根固定件2的前路内部区段23中。
如图7A和7B所示,通过利用***器械5(该图中未示出)的管52拉动中心牵引管13,实现椎管内植入物1的扩张。中心牵引管13能够在植入物1的后路部12中单向滑动,从而能够在防止卸下的同时部署。通过将前路部11的前路端和后路端移动得更靠近一起,拉动中心牵引管13能够部署椎管内植入物1。根据一个实施例,该部署能够在椎体中使板分离。椎体中的该扩张导致植入物的前路移位:可扩张植入物的前路部11通过前路内部区段23滑动,使得对部署其的环境最佳地适调椎管内植入物的前路部11。有利的是,椎弓根固定件2的后路内部区段23与植入物1的后路部12之间的滑动连结适合适调独立于椎弓根固定件2的位置部署于椎体中的椎管内植入物1的位置。
如图7B所示,后路部12能够在前路内部区段23中自由滑动,然而,不从其出来,从而提供永久性附加支承,从而不限制将椎管内植入物部署于取决于椎弓根固定件2在椎弓根中的地址的位置。的确,构造前路内部区段23,以锁定椎管内植入物1沿着椎弓根固定件2的x轴和y轴的位移和旋转,并且使得能够沿着椎弓根固定件2的主轴(即,z轴)位移和旋转。
根据一个实施例,植入物1的后路部12的尺寸是这样的,即,后路部12一***前路内部区段23,植入物1当被植入时能够不再从椎弓根固定件抽出。前路内部区段23的纵向尺寸足够长,使得在部署时,后路部12保持***并且部分地紧固到所述前路内部区段23。根据一个实施例,前路内部区段23的长度的确介于1与20mm或者介于5与15mm之间。
根据该实施例,椎管内植入物1在轴向上和前路位移方向上相对于椎弓根固定件2自由。因此,椎管内植入物1的部署仅取决于椎管内骨环境,该椎管内骨环境对于椎管内植入物1的可扩张前路部11确定部署所述可扩张部的方位和深度。根据一个实施例,椎管内植入物并且特别是其后路部12能够在前路内部区段23中沿着1、2、3、4、5个自由度运动,优选地沿着2个自由度运动,更优选地沿着1个旋转自由度和一个位移自由度运动。根据一个实施例,椎管内植入物1并且特别是其后路部12能够在后路内部区段23中以关于z轴旋转或者位移的方式运动。
根据一个实施例,椎管内植入物1扩张之后,锁定关于z轴的旋转和在椎管内植入物与椎弓根固定件之间位移,因此,将可扩张椎管内植入物紧固到椎弓根固定件2。
根据一个实施例,通过经过至少一个通孔131将填充材料注入椎骨4中,椎管内植入物1的前路部在扩张位置稳定。利用注射器通过椎弓根固定件2、植入物的后路部12的圆柱状凹槽122以及空心牵引管13将填充材料注入到植入物1的前路部11。
根据一个实施例,通过利用紧固装置,锁定后路区段12相对于椎弓根固定件2的相对运动,将椎管内植入物的后路部12紧固到椎弓根固定件2。
根据一个实施例,如图8A所示,通过注入填充材料,椎管内植入物的后路部12紧固在椎弓根固定件2中。填充材料通过后路内部区段22注入圆柱状凹槽122中并且注入至少一个通孔124中,从而与前路内部区段23的内表面产生接触。有利的是,后路区段128包括***室123,其中至少一个通孔124敞开。这样,填充材料填充至少一个通孔124和***室123,以使填充材料分布于后路区段128与前路内部区段23之间的界面处,并且因此,增大接触表面积。为了进一步增强紧固,前路内部区段23包括至少一个凹口231,并且注入圆柱状凹槽122中的填充材料填充至少一个通孔124、***室123以及前路内部区段23的至少一个凹口231。有利的是,位于至少一个轴向凹口231中的填充材料的固化根据绕着z轴旋转的自由度增强紧固。有利的是,位于至少一个横向凹口231中的填充材料的固化根据沿着z轴位移的自由度增强紧固。有利的是,位于至少一个斜向凹口231中的填充材料的固化根据沿着z轴的位移和旋转的自由度增强紧固。有利的是,位于非永恒截面的至少一个凹口231中的填充材料的固化根据绕着z轴位移和旋转的自由度增强紧固。根据一个实施例,凹口231还使得能够将填充材料注入到前路内部区段23,从而进一步增强紧固。根据一个实施例,注入圆柱状凹槽122中的填充材料填充至少一个通孔124、***室123以及前路内部区段23的至少一个凹口231以及前路内部区段23的全部或者部分体积。有利的是,***室123使得其能够独立于椎管内植入物1在椎弓根固定件2中的方位并且特别是独立于后路区段128在椎弓根固定件2中的方位到达凹口231。
[55]根据一个实施例,如图9A所示,利用锥形扩张帽6,将后路部椎管内植入物的后路部12紧固在椎弓根固定件2中。所述锥形帽包括外螺纹和扩口后路端。任选地在通过通孔131将水泥注入椎骨中后,通过后路内部区段22***所述帽6,并且瞄准后路区段128的内螺纹126。当锥形帽6拧入后路区段128的内螺纹126中时,帽的扩口端邻接后路区段127的扩口端,使得利用槽缝125能够在径向上部署后路区段。有利的是,通过压紧,在前路内部区段23中在径向上部署后路区段128将椎管内植入物的后路部12紧固在椎弓根固定件2中。
根据一个实施例,椎管内植入物1一被部署、紧固到椎弓根固定件2并且稳定,如果注入特殊适配的骨水泥或者代用品要求,则通过仅将椎管内植入物1拧入并且拴紧在椎弓根固定件2的后路内部区段22中,其能够紧固(即,连接)到椎弓根固定件2-即,椎管内植入物1组装后路元件3。在该实施例中,后路元件3至少部分地位于椎骨4的外部并且因此能够容纳后路固定元件,诸如钉棒或者人造韧带或者本技术领域内的技术人员公知的用于使椎骨骨折稳定的任何其他装置。
本发明还涉及处理椎骨骨折的方法,包括:
-***根据本发明的植入***,其中后路部12已经***椎骨4中的前路内部区段23中,并且利用外螺纹21,将椎弓根固定件2拧入椎弓根中;
-特别是通过拉动中心牵引管13使椎管内植入物1的前路部11扩张;
-椎管内植入物1的后路部12在椎弓根固定件2的前路内部区段23中以位移和旋转的方式沿着椎弓根固定件2的主轴的运动使得能够在椎体中定位椎管内植入物的前路部11;
-任选地,通过通孔131将填充材料诸如椎体中,以使椎管内植入物的前路部11稳定;以及
-任选地,将后路部12紧固在前路内部区段23中。

Claims (11)

1.一种可扩张椎管内植入***,包括:
椎管内植入物(1),所述椎管内植入物(1)包括位于椎体中的可扩张前路部(11)和后路部(12);以及
椎弓根固定件(2),其包括限定用于容纳所述后路部(12)的空心区段的前路内部区段(23)和后路内部区段(22),
其中所述椎管内植入物(1)的所述后路部(12)能够沿着至少一个自由度运动。
2.根据权利要求1所述的可扩张椎管内植入***,其中所述椎弓根固定件(2)包括外螺纹(21),用于确保所述椎弓根固定件在椎弓根中的锚定。
3.根据权利要求1或者2所述的可扩张椎管内植入***,其中所述椎弓根固定件(2)包括主轴,并且所述椎管内植入物(1)的所述后路部(12)能够在所述椎弓根固定件(2)的所述前路内部区段(23)中以平移和旋转方式沿着所述椎弓根固定件(2)的所述主轴运动,其中,所述椎管内植入物(1)的所述前路部(11)的扩张方向独立于所述椎弓根固定件(2)在所述椎弓根中的所述位置。
4.根据权利要求1至3中的任何一项所述的可扩张椎管内植入***,其中所述椎管内植入物(1)的所述前路部(11)包括第一和第二板,所述第一和第二板适于在椎体中分别形成第一和第二支承面,所述两个支承面适合沿着预定扩张面互相分离。
5.根据权利要求1至4中的任何一项所述的可扩张椎管内植入***,其中所述前路内部区段(23)包括位于所述前路内部区段(23)的内表面上的至少一个凹口(231)。
6.根据权利要求1至5中的任何一项所述的可扩张椎管内植入***,其中所述椎管内植入物的所述后路部(12)的后路区段(128)包括圆柱状凹槽(122)和至少一个紧固装置,所述紧固装置适合锁定所述椎管内植入物(1)与所述椎弓根固定件(2)之间的旋转方式和位移方式的相对运动。
7.根据权利要求6所述的可扩张椎管内植入***,其中所述紧固装置包括至少一个通孔(124)和***室(123),所述通孔(124)穿过所述后路区段(128),所述***室(123)将所述所述至少一个通孔(124)与后路区段(128)的表面流体联通。
8.根据权利要求6所述的可扩张椎管内植入***,其中所述紧固装置包括至少两个槽缝(125),所述槽缝(125)在轴向上沿着所述后路区段(128)、内螺纹(126)和扩口后路端(127)延伸;适合与锥形扩张帽(6)接合。
9.根据权利要求1至8中的任何一项所述的可扩张椎管内植入***,还包括后路元件(3),所述后路元件(3)部分地位于所述椎骨之外并且紧固到所述椎弓根固定件(2)。
10.根据权利要求9所述的可扩张椎管内植入***,其中利用拧入所述后路内部区段(22)的内螺纹(221)中的螺纹棒(311),将所述后路元件(3)紧固到所述椎弓根固定件(2)。
11.根据权利要求9或者10所述的可扩张椎管内植入***,其中所述后路元件(3)包括后路区段(32),所述后路区段(32)适合与诸如钉棒或者人造韧带的附加后路固定元件组装。
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CN107115140B (zh) * 2017-05-23 2024-01-02 温州医科大学附属第二医院温州医科大学附属育英儿童医院 一种用于脊柱加强椎弓根螺钉内固定装置
CN108125710A (zh) * 2018-01-24 2018-06-08 艾科美医疗器械(深圳)有限公司 一种带囊袋的椎弓根钉结构
CN108125710B (zh) * 2018-01-24 2023-11-24 艾科美医疗器械(深圳)有限公司 一种带囊袋的椎弓根钉结构
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US11344335B2 (en) 2022-05-31
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ES2863556T3 (es) 2021-10-11
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US11998245B2 (en) 2024-06-04
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US20160317188A1 (en) 2016-11-03
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US10603080B2 (en) 2020-03-31
MX2016008198A (es) 2017-03-06
BR112016014802B1 (pt) 2021-12-21
US20220240987A1 (en) 2022-08-04
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FR3015221A1 (fr) 2015-06-26
US20200187992A1 (en) 2020-06-18

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