CN105917775B - It is a kind of to collect straw-returning, subsoiling and the integrated agricultural tool of layer by layer manuring - Google Patents
It is a kind of to collect straw-returning, subsoiling and the integrated agricultural tool of layer by layer manuring Download PDFInfo
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- CN105917775B CN105917775B CN201610471975.1A CN201610471975A CN105917775B CN 105917775 B CN105917775 B CN 105917775B CN 201610471975 A CN201610471975 A CN 201610471975A CN 105917775 B CN105917775 B CN 105917775B
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- fertilizer
- layer
- subsoiling
- distributor structure
- manuring
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/04—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
- A01B49/06—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools for sowing or fertilising
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B13/00—Ploughs or like machines for special purposes ; Ditch diggers, trench ploughs, forestry ploughs, ploughs for land or marsh reclamation
- A01B13/14—Ploughs or like machines for special purposes ; Ditch diggers, trench ploughs, forestry ploughs, ploughs for land or marsh reclamation for working soil in two or more layers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C15/00—Fertiliser distributors
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D34/00—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters
- A01D34/835—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters specially adapted for particular purposes
- A01D34/8355—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters specially adapted for particular purposes for cutting up or crushing remaining standing stalks, e.g. stubble
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Working Implements (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of collection straw-returnings,Subsoiling and the integrated agricultural tool of layer by layer manuring,Belong to agricultural machinery technological field,The equipment includes the rack with traveling wheel,Gauge wheel and deep soil loosing shovel are provided in rack,It is fixed with wide cut layer by layer manuring device on rear side of deep soil loosing shovel,Wide cut layer by layer manuring device includes fertilizer pipeline,Widespread distributor structure and fertilizer lamination mechanism,Fertilizer pipeline outer profile is the prone arc in bottom,Widespread distributor structure and fertilizer lamination mechanism are that rear end tilts down the rear side for being fixed on fertilizer pipeline,Widespread distributor structure include import it is narrow go out mouth width hollow box and the mechanism of dividing booty that is provided at its inner portion,Gauge wheel front end is provided with stubble-ploughing mechanism and rotary tillage mechanism,The rear end of wide cut layer by layer manuring device is disposed with sowing mechanism and press wheel,The equipment can improve absorption rate of the crop root for fertilizer,Growth of crop rhizomes is more firm,The Residual Fertilizer in soil is reduced simultaneously,Alleviate environmental pollution.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural machinery technological fields, and in particular to a kind of to collect the one of straw-returning, subsoiling and layer by layer manuring
Body agricultural tool.
Background technology
In agricultural planting, the root system of cotton and corn can be spread gradually downward and to horizontal direction in growth course,
The nutrient of crop is mainly absorbed by root system, and existing agricultural tool has a function of layer by layer manuring, but its be
Layer by layer manuring is carried out in crop-planting row side after seed plantation, leads to the amesiality growth of crop root, is both unfavorable for crop
Nutrition is absorbed, the resistant to lodging of crop is also unfavorable for, adding one group after deep soil loosing shovel based on the improved agricultural tool of disadvantages mentioned above goes out
Fertile plate carries out layer by layer manuring, but due to after deep soil loosing shovel each fertilizer outlet it is closer apart from deep soil loosing shovel, fertilizer producing plate it is wide unlike deep soil loosing shovel and on
Always, fertilizer flowed out lower width before soil backfills subsoiling ditch, and fertilizer is concentrated mainly on subsoiling ditch bottom, can not achieve really
Layer by layer manuring in meaning.Therefore, it is necessary to research and develop it is a kind of can at crop sowing vertical direction carry out layer by layer manuring agricultural
Equipment.
Invention content
The present invention provides a kind of collection straw-returning, subsoiling and layering and applies to overcome disadvantage present in existing equipment
Wide cut layer by layer manuring device is arranged in deep soil loosing shovel rear end for the integrated agricultural tool of fertilizer, the agricultural tool, can realize regulation
The wide cut broadcast application of depth and layer by layer manuring are suitble to the homoepitaxial of crop root, are conducive to crop and fertilizer is absorbed and utilized, subtract
Few Residual Fertilizer, improves crop yield.
The specific technical solution of the present invention is:
A kind of collection straw-returning, subsoiling and layer by layer manuring integrated agricultural tool, which includes rack and is mounted on
Its internal gauge wheel and deep soil loosing shovel, key point are to be fixedly installed wide cut layer by layer manuring device on rear side of the deep soil loosing shovel, wide
Width layer by layer manuring device includes fertilizer pipeline, widespread distributor structure and fertilizer lamination mechanism, fertilizer pipeline outer profile be bottom to
The arc of front curve, widespread distributor structure and fertilizer lamination mechanism are that rear end tilts down the rear side for being fixed on fertilizer pipeline,
Widespread distributor structure include import it is narrow go out mouth width hollow box and the mechanism of dividing booty that is provided at its inner portion, widespread distributor structure into
It is connected on rear side of mouth and fertilizer pipeline;Fertilizer lamination mechanism is fixed on the rear side of fertilizer pipeline and positioned at widespread distributor structure
Lower section, fertilizer lamination mechanism include about one group fertilizer-guiding plate arranged in parallel, and fertilizer pipeline is in the connection with fertilizer lamination mechanism
Place is open, and fertilizer-guiding plate is the intermediate high low shape in both sides and equidistant from top to bottom be connected on rear side of fertilizer pipeline is opened
Place is put, the width of fertilizer-guiding plate is more than the width of deep soil loosing shovel.
The length of the fertilizer-guiding plate shortens successively from top to bottom, and the width of fertilizer-guiding plate narrows successively from top to bottom, each
Fertilizer-guiding plate gradually broadens from the front to the back and most narrow place is more than the width of deep soil loosing shovel.
The mechanism of dividing booty is one group of backgauge column radially arranged centered on hollow box import, and backgauge column is circle
Cylinder body shape.
The outer profile of the widespread distributor structure is triangle.
The outer profile of the widespread distributor structure is sector.
The deep soil loosing shovel both sides are provided with wing shovel, wing shovel and deep soil loosing shovel both sides be bolted it is fixed and for it is preceding it is low after
High plate, the wing shovel front end and are not higher than widespread distributor structure lower end, and its rear end is not less than widespread distributor structure upper end.
The deep soil loosing shovel front end according to being disposed with stubble-ploughing mechanism and rotary tillage mechanism from the front to the back.
The widespread distributor structure rear end is provided with sowing mechanism.
The sowing mechanism rear end is provided with press wheel.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:Wide cut layer by layer manuring device is mounted on the rear end of deep soil loosing shovel by the present invention, utilizes depth
Soil is carried out deep layer loosening by pine shovel, and wide cut layer by layer manuring device applies fertilizer into the soil of loosening, and wide cut layer by layer manuring
Widespread distributor structure in device can realize the wide cut broadcast application of appropriate depth, be suitable for crop root and given birth in the diffusion in the region
Long, fertilizer is applied on sowing row, and the root growth of crop will not be amesiality, absorption rate of the crop root for fertilizer
It increases, the lodging tolerance of crop also improves therewith, and residual of the fertilizer in soil environment has obviously compared with the prior art
It reduces, soil caused by Residual Fertilizer and water body environment pollution can be mitigated.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the attachment structure schematic diagram of deep soil loosing shovel and wide cut layer by layer manuring device in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of wide cut layer by layer manuring device in Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is the schematic cross-sectional view of A-A in Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is the direction view in the directions B in Fig. 3.
Fig. 6 is the growth distribution schematic diagram of crop root in the soil in embodiment.
In attached drawing, 1, gauge wheel, 2, deep soil loosing shovel, 3, fertilizer pipeline, 4, widespread distributor structure, 5, backgauge column, 6, fertilizer-guiding plate,
7, the wing shovels, and 8, stubble-ploughing mechanism, 9, rotary tillage mechanism, 10, sowing mechanism, 11, press wheel.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention relates to a kind of collection straw-returning, subsoiling and the integrated agricultural tools of layer by layer manuring, which includes machine
Frame and installation gauge wheel 1 inside it and deep soil loosing shovel 2,2 rear side of deep soil loosing shovel are fixedly installed wide cut layer by layer manuring device, wide cut
Layer by layer manuring device includes fertilizer pipeline 3, widespread distributor structure 4 and fertilizer lamination mechanism, 3 outer profile of fertilizer pipeline be bottom to
The arc of front curve, widespread distributor structure 4 and fertilizer lamination mechanism are after rear end tilts down and is fixed on fertilizer pipeline 3
Side, widespread distributor structure 4 include import it is narrow go out mouth width hollow box and the mechanism of dividing booty that is provided at its inner portion, widespread distributor structure
4 import is connected with 3 rear side of fertilizer pipeline;Fertilizer lamination mechanism is fixed on the rear side of fertilizer pipeline 3 and is spread positioned at wide cut
The lower section of fertile mechanism 4, fertilizer lamination mechanism include about one group fertilizer-guiding plate 6 arranged in parallel, and fertilizer pipeline 3 is layered with fertilizer
The junction of mechanism is open, and fertilizer-guiding plate 6 is the low shape in intermediate high both sides and equidistant is from top to bottom connected to fertilizer
At the rear side opening of pipeline 3, the width of fertilizer-guiding plate 6 is more than the width of deep soil loosing shovel 2.
Specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, crop root range of scatter in certain depth is maximum, more downward range of scatter
The growth of minimum, maize root system meets the structure in the figure the most, the subsoiling of the especially suitable corn of the agricultural tool in the present invention,
Layer by layer manuring, as shown in Figure 1, in equipment, 2 front end of deep soil loosing shovel according to being disposed with stubble-ploughing mechanism 8 and rotary cultivator from the front to the back
Structure 9 is crushed the root stubble of the upper season crop in soil using stubble-ploughing mechanism 8 before fertilising, will be native using rotary tillage mechanism
Ground carries out rotary tillage, and the soil of bulk is shredded, and suitable soil environment is provided for subsequent fertilising, sowing.
As shown in Figures 2 to 5, the outer profile of widespread distributor structure 4 is selected as sector, fertilizer from the hopper of frame upper end to
Entrance lower and that hollow box is delivered to along fertilizer pipeline 3, the mechanism of dividing booty that fertilizer passes through in hollow box are diffused, fertilizer by
Distance of the entrance at fan-shaped outlet is equal, and the fertilizer distribution density at entire fan-shaped outlet tends to be equal, fan-shaped width
Mechanism of dividing booty inside width broadcast application mechanism 4 is one group of backgauge column 5 radially arranged centered on hollow box import, backgauge column
5 be cylindrical shape, when fertilizer is gradually dispersed to after mechanism of dividing booty at entire fan-shaped outlet, fertilizer is made to be spread by wide cut
Dispersion broadens after fertile mechanism 4, and widespread distributor structure 4 spreads out fertilizer wide cut, and deep soil loosing shovel 2 is fallen after scooping up soil on fertilizer
Side, realizes that the wide cut of the designated depth of fertilizer is sowed, and 2 both sides of deep soil loosing shovel are additionally provided with wing shovel 7, and wing shovel 7 is low early and high after plate
The rear end of shape, wing shovel 7 is not less than the upper end of widespread distributor structure 4, and deep soil loosing shovel 2 drives wing shovel 7 to scoop up soil, wide cut is needed to spread
The soil of the opposite position depth of fertilizer stirs upwards along the shape of wing shovel 7, eventually arrives at the top of widespread distributor structure 4, greatly
The big accuracy for increasing wide cut broadcast application depth;
A part of fertilizer continues to move downward along fertilizer pipeline 3 after the import of hollow box, the setting of fertilizer lamination mechanism
In the lower section of widespread distributor structure 4 comprising about one group fertilizer-guiding plate 6 arranged in parallel, fertilizer pipeline 3 and fertilizer lamination mechanism
Junction be open, fertilizer successively exports after open opening, and fertilizer after output is led along intermediate high both sides are low
Fertile plate 6 slides to both sides, realizes the effect of layer by layer manuring, the length of fertilizer-guiding plate 6 becomes smaller successively from top to bottom, each fertilizer-guiding plate
6 fertilization area will be gradually reduced, and adapted to the smaller feature of the more downward range of crop root growth, contributed to the conjunction of fertilizer
Reason utilizes, and avoids the residual of fertilizer in the soil.
4 rear end of widespread distributor structure is provided with sowing mechanism 10, and sowing mechanism sows crop seed in fertilising operation row
In, 10 rear end of sowing mechanism is provided with press wheel 11, preserving soil moisture is used for, in addition, 10 rear end of sowing mechanism can also install spray
Medicine device saves additional spraying equipment and drugs and process, when crop seed is grown in the soil, in wide cut for spray after planting
The depth layer of broadcast application can wide range elongation growth around, and the fertilizer of the wide cut broadcast application near absorbing, the suction of fertilizer
Utilization rate is received to greatly improve, and fertilizer is carried out layering application by the fertilizer-guiding plate 6 in fertilizer lamination mechanism, crop root is given birth to downwards
Also can successively obtain the supply of fertilizer in growth process, Fig. 6 be the normal growth schematic shapes of crop root, especially corn,
The root system of cotton, both crops is shape shown in most typical Fig. 6, what the wide cut layer by layer manuring device in the present invention was realized
Fertilising shape meets the growth demand of crop root, and root growth is more reinforced uniformly and more with the increase of sorption capacity
Strong, the yield and lodging tolerance of crop can be improved, and 10 rear end of sowing mechanism increases setting chemical spraying device, makes the machine
Tool realizes one-machine-multi-function, improves labor efficiency.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of collection straw-returning, subsoiling and the integrated agricultural tool of layer by layer manuring, the equipment include rack and are mounted on it
Internal gauge wheel (1) and deep soil loosing shovel (2), it is characterised in that:Wide cut layering is fixedly installed on rear side of the deep soil loosing shovel (2) to apply
Fertile device, wide cut layer by layer manuring device include fertilizer pipeline (3), widespread distributor structure (4) and fertilizer lamination mechanism, fertilizer pipeline
(3) outer profile is the prone arc in bottom, and widespread distributor structure (4) and fertilizer lamination mechanism are that rear end tilts down admittedly
Due to the rear side of fertilizer pipeline (3), widespread distributor structure (4) include import it is narrow go out mouth width hollow box and be provided at its inner portion
It divides booty mechanism, is connected on rear side of the import of widespread distributor structure (4) and fertilizer pipeline (3);Fertilizer lamination mechanism is fixed on fertilizer
The rear side of pipe material (3) and the lower section for being located at widespread distributor structure (4), fertilizer lamination mechanism includes about one group arranged in parallel
Fertilizer-guiding plate (6), fertilizer pipeline (3) are being open with the junction of fertilizer lamination mechanism, and fertilizer-guiding plate (6) is that intermediate high both sides are low
Shape and it is equidistant from top to bottom be connected at the rear side opening of fertilizer pipeline (3), the width of fertilizer-guiding plate (6) is more than subsoiling
Shovel the width of (2);
Described deep soil loosing shovel (2) both sides are provided with wing shovel (7), wing shovel (7) and deep soil loosing shovel (2) both sides be bolted it is fixed and
For low early and high after plate, the wing shovels (7) front end and is not higher than widespread distributor structure (4) lower end, and its rear end is not less than widespread distributor
Structure (4) upper end.
2. a kind of collection straw-returning according to claim 1, subsoiling and the integrated agricultural tool of layer by layer manuring, feature
It is:The length of the fertilizer-guiding plate (6) shortens successively from top to bottom, and the width of fertilizer-guiding plate (6) narrows successively from top to bottom, often
A fertilizer-guiding plate (6) gradually broadens from the front to the back and most narrow place is more than the width of deep soil loosing shovel (2).
3. a kind of collection straw-returning according to claim 1, subsoiling and the integrated agricultural tool of layer by layer manuring, feature
It is:The mechanism of dividing booty is one group of backgauge column (5) radially arranged centered on hollow box import, backgauge column (5)
For cylindrical shape.
4. a kind of collection straw-returning according to claim 1, subsoiling and the integrated agricultural tool of layer by layer manuring, feature
It is:The outer profile of the widespread distributor structure (4) is triangle.
5. a kind of collection straw-returning according to claim 1, subsoiling and the integrated agricultural tool of layer by layer manuring, feature
It is:The outer profile of the widespread distributor structure (4) is sector.
6. a kind of collection straw-returning according to claim 1, subsoiling and the integrated agricultural tool of layer by layer manuring, feature
It is:Deep soil loosing shovel (2) front end according to being disposed with stubble-ploughing mechanism (8) and rotary tillage mechanism (9) from the front to the back.
7. a kind of collection straw-returning according to claim 1, subsoiling and the integrated agricultural tool of layer by layer manuring, feature
It is:Described widespread distributor structure (4) rear end is provided with sowing mechanism (10).
8. a kind of collection straw-returning according to claim 7, subsoiling and the integrated agricultural tool of layer by layer manuring, feature
It is:Described sowing mechanism (10) rear end is provided with press wheel (11).
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