CN105911590B

CN105911590B - A kind of compression process method and device of harmonic noise

Info

Publication number: CN105911590B
Application number: CN201610299277.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘宏杰
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Petrochina Co Ltd
Priority date: 2016-05-09
Filing date: 2016-05-09
Publication date: 2019-08-09
Anticipated expiration: 2036-05-09
Also published as: CN105911590A

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of compression process method and devices of harmonic noise, wherein, this method comprises: first, the sampling point in multiple sampling points of seismic channel data to be processed containing harmonic noise is identified using the harmonic noise method of identification of waveform pass zero point number, the sampling point containing harmonic noise that will identify that is marked as harmonic wave sampling point, and to harmonic wave sampling point；It recycles the mean amplitude of tide method of identification of the half-wave of frequency dividing to determine whether harmonic wave sampling point marked in each frequency band needs to suppress, and harmonic wave compression process is carried out to the harmonic wave sampling point for needing to suppress in each frequency band determined；Finally, seismic channel data after the corresponding compacting of each frequency band is reconstructed, pressed seismic channel data is obtained.In embodiment provided by the invention, earthquake highly effective gathering bring harmonic noise is effectively identified using the identification method of two kinds of harmonic noises, then effective compacting has been carried out to the harmonic noise identified, to improve the signal-to-noise ratio and quality of seismic data.

Description

A kind of compression process method and device of harmonic noise

Technical field

The present invention relates to seismic exploration technique fields, a kind of compression process method in particular to harmonic noise and Device.

Background technique

Lithologic character stratum and complicated structure exploration at this stage proposes thin reservoir craven fault identification, essence to seismic prospecting The high request that thin structural trap target is portrayed, therefore, conventional seismic exploration technique has been difficult to meet demand." two wide one is high " Seismic exploration technique represent the developing direction of geophysical techniques, it effectively collects technology using controlled source, have compared with Good economic feasibility, also, realized by big tape track ability, powerful seismic instrument and wideband controlled source.

Currently, density three-dimensional seismic acquisition technology generallys use controlled source slip scan mode, although significantly mentioning High collecting efficiency, still, during Seismic Exploration with Vibrator, due to controlled source mechanical system and hydraulic servo system The non-linear vibration of system and the influence of the factors such as focus and ground-coupled, produce harmonic distortion.This distortion is to scan letter The multiple of number frequency range occurs, and forms harmonic wave interference.For the earthquake record data after correlation, harmonic wave interference will be right Its own the generation higher hamonic wave interference (before first arrival) of this big gun or low-order harmonic interference (in the data after first arrival).Especially when When Seismic Exploration with Vibrator uses slip scan mode, latter big gun not etc. have begun excitation the previous big gun end of scan, lead Front and back two big guns even a few big gun data portions are caused to be superimposed, the higher hamonic wave interference of latter big gun will generate the harmonic wave of its own The adjacent big gun interference of (before first arrival) and previous big gun (even former big guns) data is interfered, the low-order harmonic interference of previous big gun may The adjacent big gun interference for generating its own harmonic wave interference (in the data after first arrival) and latter big gun (several big guns after even) data, from And form itself harmonic wave interference and adjacent big gun harmonic wave interference.Itself harmonic wave interference and adjacent big gun harmonic wave interference are referred to as harmonic wave below Interference, i.e. harmonic noise.

During Seismic Exploration with Vibrator, this harmonic noise seriously reduces the signal-to-noise ratio of seismic data, shadow The quality of seismic data is rung.

Summary of the invention

In view of this, a kind of compression process method and device for being designed to provide harmonic noise of the embodiment of the present invention, By effectively identifying the harmonic noise in seismic channel data and effectively being suppressed the harmonic noise identified, it can be improved ground The signal-to-noise ratio and quality of shake data.

In a first aspect, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of compression process methods of harmonic noise, this method comprises:

It is identified in multiple sampling points of seismic channel data to be processed using the harmonic noise method of identification of waveform pass zero point number Sampling point containing harmonic noise, the above-mentioned sampling point containing harmonic noise that will identify that is as harmonic wave sampling point, and to above-mentioned harmonic wave sampling point It is marked；

Determine whether harmonic wave sampling point marked in each frequency band needs using the mean amplitude of tide method of identification of the half-wave of frequency dividing Compacting, and harmonic wave compression process is carried out to the harmonic wave sampling point for needing to suppress in each frequency band determined；

Seismic channel data after the corresponding compacting of each frequency band is reconstructed, pressed seismic channel data is obtained.

With reference to first aspect, the embodiment of the invention provides the first possible embodiments of first aspect, wherein on It states and is identified in multiple sampling points of seismic channel data to be processed using the harmonic noise method of identification of waveform pass zero point number containing harmonic wave Before the sampling point of noise, further includes:

The minimum frequency of harmonic noise is setAnd most according to above-mentioned harmonic noise Small frequency determines the maximum cycle of above-mentioned harmonic noise corresponding with above-mentioned minimum frequencyWherein, f_minIt indicates The minimum frequency of harmonic noise, f_beginIndicate the start frequency of the normal wavelet amplitude of seismic channel, f_endIndicate seismic channel normal-sub The end frequency of wave-amplitude spectrum, f_harmIndicate the harmonic noise frequency for starting to identify, n_zeroIndicate the maximum cycle of harmonic noise, Unit is millisecond.

The possible embodiment of with reference to first aspect the first, the embodiment of the invention provides second of first aspect Possible embodiment, wherein above-mentioned to identify seismic channel to be processed using the harmonic noise method of identification of waveform pass zero point number Sampling point containing harmonic noise in multiple sampling points of data, the above-mentioned sampling point containing harmonic noise that will identify that as harmonic wave sampling point, And above-mentioned harmonic wave sampling point is marked, comprising:

Step a: it in seismic channel data to be processed, using excision point as beginning sampling point, and is created at the excision point Time window length is n_windowsWhen window；

Step b: harmonic noise in window when determining above-mentioned according to the maximum cycle of above-mentioned harmonic noise and above-mentioned time window length Zero crossing number n_min；

Step c: when whether jack per line determines above-mentioned according to the corresponding amplitude of two sampling points adjacent in seismic channel data in window The zero crossing number n of seismic channel data_trace；

Step d: according to it is preset when window movable length n_moveWindow is to above-mentioned seismic channel data to be processed when will be above-mentioned Road end point prescription is to movement；

Step e: when judging above-mentioned in window seismic channel zero crossing number n_traceWhether the zero passage of above-mentioned harmonic noise is greater than Point number n_min, if so, the sampling point of removal is determined as the sampling point containing harmonic noise, and each containing humorous to what is determined The sampling point of wave noise is identified；

Step b to step e is circuited sequentially, the down contour point of window is moved to the road knot of above-mentioned seismic channel data when above-mentioned Beam spot；When judging above-mentioned in window seismic channel zero crossing number n_traceWhether the zero crossing number n of above-mentioned harmonic noise is greater than_min, If so, will be above-mentioned when window in all sampling points be determined as the sampling point containing harmonic noise, and to determine it is each containing The sampling point of harmonic noise is identified.

With reference to first aspect, the embodiment of the invention provides the third possible embodiments of first aspect, wherein on It states and determines whether harmonic wave sampling point marked in each frequency band needs to suppress using the mean amplitude of tide method of identification of the half-wave of frequency dividing, and Harmonic wave compression process is carried out to the harmonic wave sampling point for needing to suppress in each frequency band determined, comprising:

Step 1: frequency band division processing being carried out to above-mentioned seismic channel data to be processed, obtains multiple and different frequencies to divide The frequency band of section；

Step 2: a frequency band is chosen in obtained multiple above-mentioned frequency bands as standard bands from dividing, and by above-mentioned standard Multiple frequency bands after frequency band are as frequency band to be pressed；

Step 3: from multiple above-mentioned frequency bands to be pressed, choose above-mentioned standard frequency band after two frequency bands as currently to Suppress frequency band；

Step 4: in the marked harmonic wave sampling point of two above-mentioned current frequency bands to be pressed of selection, judging one by one respectively The mean amplitude of tide of the half-wave of the above-mentioned current frequency band to be pressed of each above-mentioned harmonic wave sampling point of two above-mentioned current frequency bands to be pressed Whether the mean amplitude of tide of the half-wave of above-mentioned standard frequency band and the product of interpolating function are greater than；If so, to above-mentioned harmonic wave sampling point The compression process of seismic channel data progress harmonic noise；By in pressed two above-mentioned current frequency bands to be pressed with above-mentioned standard The adjacent frequency band of frequency band is as next standard bands；

Step 3 is circuited sequentially to step 4, until the next standard bands currently chosen are the last one frequency band.

The third possible embodiment with reference to first aspect, the embodiment of the invention provides the 4th kind of first aspect Possible embodiment, wherein it is above-mentioned in the marked harmonic wave sampling point of the above-mentioned current frequency band to be pressed of selection, respectively by One judges whether the mean amplitude of tide of the half-wave of the above-mentioned current frequency band to be pressed of each above-mentioned harmonic wave sampling point is greater than above-mentioned standard frequency The mean amplitude of tide of the half-wave of band and the product of interpolating function, comprising:

When above-mentioned harmonic wave sampling point is located at the shallow-layer (l of seismic channel data_mute< t < l_delaytm), then judge each above-mentioned harmonic wave Whether the mean amplitude of tide of the half-wave of the above-mentioned current frequency band to be pressed of sampling point is greater than the mean amplitude of tide of the half-wave of above-mentioned standard frequency band With shallow-layer interpolating function p₁(t) product；

When above-mentioned harmonic wave sampling point is located at the mid-deep strata (l of seismic channel data_delaytm≤t≤l_length), then judge each above-mentioned Whether the mean amplitude of tide of the half-wave of the above-mentioned current frequency band to be pressed of harmonic wave sampling point is greater than being averaged for the half-wave of above-mentioned standard frequency band Amplitude and mid-deep strata interpolating function p₂(t) product.

The 4th kind of possible embodiment with reference to first aspect, the embodiment of the invention provides the 5th kind of first aspect Possible embodiment, wherein above-mentioned shallow-layer interpolating function is

Above-mentioned mid-deep strata interpolating function is；

Wherein, d_timeIndicate the minimum threshold value suppressed since cutting off the moment, e_timeWhat expression was suppressed away from road finish time Minimum threshold, l_delaytmIndicate the critical point between the shallow-layer and mid-deep strata of seismic channel data, l_muteIndicate cutting in seismic channel data Except point, l_lengthIndicate road end point in seismic channel data.

The third possible embodiment with reference to first aspect, the embodiment of the invention provides the 6th kind of first aspect Possible embodiment, wherein the compression process of harmonic noise is carried out to the seismic channel data of above-mentioned harmonic wave sampling point, comprising:

When above-mentioned harmonic wave sampling point is located at the shallow-layer (l of seismic channel data_mute< t < l_delaytm) when, then according to formulaTo the harmonic wave for needing to suppress in the above-mentioned current frequency band k to be pressed adjacent with above-mentioned standard frequency band k-1 The corresponding seismic traces data of sampling point t carry out harmonic wave compression process；And according to formulaTo above-mentioned The corresponding seismic traces of harmonic wave sampling point t for needing to suppress in second above-mentioned frequency band k+1 to be pressed after standard bands k-1 Data carry out harmonic wave compression process；

When above-mentioned harmonic wave sampling point is located at the mid-deep strata (l of seismic channel data_delaytm≤t≤l_length) when, then according to formulaTo the harmonic wave for needing to suppress in the above-mentioned current frequency band k to be pressed adjacent with above-mentioned standard frequency band k-1 The corresponding seismic traces data of sampling point t carry out harmonic wave compression process；And according to formulaTo above-mentioned The corresponding seismic traces of harmonic wave sampling point t for needing to suppress in second above-mentioned frequency band k+1 to be pressed after standard bands k-1 Data carry out harmonic wave compression process；

Wherein, the value of t is l_muteTo l_length, y_k-1(t) the average vibration of the half-wave of sampling point t in standard bands k-1 is indicated Width, y_k(t) mean amplitude of tide of the half-wave of sampling point t in the frequency band k adjacent with standard bands k-1, x are indicated_k(t) it indicates and standard frequency Seismic traces data with sampling point t in k-1 adjacent frequency band k, y_k+1(t) second frequency band after standard bands k-1 is indicated The mean amplitude of tide of the half-wave of sampling point t, x in k+1_k+1(t) sampling point t in second frequency band k+1 after expression standard bands k-1 Seismic traces data, γ indicate amplitude damping factor on amplitude spectrum.

Any possible embodiment into the 6th kind of possible embodiment of first aspect with reference to first aspect, The embodiment of the invention provides the 7th kind of possible embodiments of first aspect, wherein after the corresponding compacting of each frequency band Seismic channel data is reconstructed, and obtains pressed seismic channel data, comprising:

According to formulaDetermining pressed seismic channel data, wherein t indicates sampling point variable, Indicate in frequency band k seismic channel data, n after the corresponding compacting of sampling point t_fnumIt indicates to divide obtained frequency band sum.

Second aspect, the embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of compression process device of harmonic noise, which includes:

First identification module, for identifying seismic channel to be processed using the harmonic noise method of identification of waveform pass zero point number Sampling point containing harmonic noise in multiple sampling points of data, the above-mentioned sampling point containing harmonic noise that will identify that as harmonic wave sampling point, And above-mentioned harmonic wave sampling point is marked；

Second identification module, the mean amplitude of tide method of identification for the half-wave using frequency dividing determine marked in each frequency band Whether harmonic wave sampling point, which needs, is suppressed, and is carried out at harmonic wave compacting to the harmonic wave sampling point for needing to suppress in each frequency band determined Reason；

Data reconstruction module, for seismic channel data after the corresponding compacting of each frequency band to be reconstructed, after obtaining compacting Seismic channel data.

In conjunction with second aspect, the embodiment of the invention provides the first possible embodiments of second aspect, wherein on State device further include:

Parameter setting module, for the minimum frequency of harmonic noise to be arrangedAnd root The maximum cycle of above-mentioned harmonic noise corresponding with above-mentioned minimum frequency is determined according to the minimum frequency of above-mentioned harmonic noiseWherein, f_minIndicate the minimum frequency of harmonic noise, f_beginIndicate opening for the normal wavelet amplitude of seismic channel Beginning frequency, f_endIndicate the end frequency of the normal wavelet amplitude of seismic channel, f_harmIndicate the harmonic noise frequency for starting to identify, n_zeroIndicate the maximum cycle of harmonic noise, unit is millisecond.

In conjunction with the first possible embodiment of second aspect, the embodiment of the invention provides second of second aspect Possible embodiment, wherein above-mentioned first identification module includes:

When window creating unit using excision point as beginning sampling point, and cut at this in seismic channel data to be processed Except at creation time window length be n_windowsWhen window；

First determination unit, window when for determining above-mentioned according to the maximum cycle and above-mentioned time window length of above-mentioned harmonic noise The zero crossing number n of interior harmonic noise_min；

Second determination unit, for whether jack per line to determine according to the corresponding amplitude of two sampling points adjacent in seismic channel data When above-mentioned in window seismic channel data zero crossing number n_trace；

When window mobile unit, for according to it is preset when window movable length n_moveWindow is to above-mentioned ground to be processed when will be above-mentioned The road end point prescription of track data is shaken to movement；

Harmonic noise sampling point marking unit, when for judging above-mentioned in window seismic channel zero crossing number n_traceWhether it is greater than The zero crossing number n of above-mentioned harmonic noise_min, if so, the sampling point of removal is determined as the sampling point containing harmonic noise, and right The each sampling point containing harmonic noise determined is identified；The down contour point of window is moved to above-mentioned seismic channel when above-mentioned The road end point of data；When judging above-mentioned in window seismic channel zero crossing number n_traceWhether the zero passage of above-mentioned harmonic noise is greater than Point number n_min, if so, will be above-mentioned when window in all sampling points be determined as the sampling point containing harmonic noise, and to determining Each sampling point containing harmonic noise be identified.

In conjunction with second aspect, the embodiment of the invention provides the third possible embodiments of second aspect, wherein on Stating the second identification module includes:

Frequency band division unit is obtained for carrying out frequency band division processing to above-mentioned seismic channel data to be processed with dividing The frequency band of multiple and different frequency bands；

Standard bands selection unit, for choosing a frequency band from multiple above-mentioned frequency bands that division obtains as standard frequency Band, and using multiple frequency bands after above-mentioned standard frequency band as frequency band to be pressed；

Current band determination section to be pressed, for from multiple above-mentioned frequency bands to be pressed, choose above-mentioned standard frequency band it Two frequency bands afterwards are as current frequency band to be pressed；

Harmonic wave spot identification and press unit, for marked humorous in two of selection above-mentioned current frequency bands to be pressed In wave sampling point, difference judges the above-mentioned current to be pressed of each above-mentioned harmonic wave sampling point of two above-mentioned current frequency bands to be pressed one by one Whether the mean amplitude of tide of the half-wave of frequency band is greater than the mean amplitude of tide of the half-wave of above-mentioned standard frequency band and the product of interpolating function；If It is that the compression process of harmonic noise is then carried out to the seismic channel data of above-mentioned harmonic wave sampling point；It is above-mentioned current by pressed two The frequency band adjacent with above-mentioned standard frequency band is as next standard bands in frequency band to be pressed；Until the next mark currently chosen Quasi- frequency band is the last one frequency band.

In conjunction with the third possible embodiment of second aspect, the embodiment of the invention provides the 4th kind of second aspect Possible embodiment, wherein above-mentioned harmonic wave spot identification includes: with press unit

Shallow-layer harmonic wave spot identification subelement, for being located at the shallow-layer (l of seismic channel data when above-mentioned harmonic wave sampling point_mute< t < l_delaytm), then judge whether the mean amplitude of tide of the half-wave of the above-mentioned current frequency band to be pressed of each above-mentioned harmonic wave sampling point is greater than The mean amplitude of tide and shallow-layer interpolating function p of the half-wave of above-mentioned standard frequency band₁(t) product；

Mid-deep strata harmonic wave spot identification subelement, for being located at the mid-deep strata of seismic channel data when above-mentioned harmonic wave sampling point (l_delaytm≤t≤l_length), then judge the mean amplitude of tide of the half-wave of the above-mentioned current frequency band to be pressed of each above-mentioned harmonic wave sampling point Whether the mean amplitude of tide and mid-deep strata interpolating function p of the half-wave of above-mentioned standard frequency band are greater than₂(t) product.

In conjunction with the 4th kind of possible embodiment of second aspect, the embodiment of the invention provides the 5th kind of second aspect Possible embodiment, wherein above-mentioned shallow-layer interpolating function isAbove-mentioned mid-deep strata Interpolating function is；

In conjunction with the third possible embodiment of second aspect, the embodiment of the invention provides the 6th kind of second aspect Possible embodiment, wherein above-mentioned harmonic wave spot identification includes: with press unit

Shallow-layer harmonic wave sampling point suppresses subelement, for being located at the shallow-layer (l of seismic channel data when above-mentioned harmonic wave sampling point_mute< t < l_delaytm) when, then according to formulaTo adjacent with above-mentioned standard frequency band k-1 above-mentioned current to be pressed The corresponding seismic traces data of the harmonic wave sampling point t for needing to suppress in frequency band k carry out harmonic wave compression process；And according to formulaIt needs to suppress in frequency band k+1 to be pressed above-mentioned to second after above-mentioned standard frequency band k-1 The corresponding seismic traces data of harmonic wave sampling point t carry out harmonic wave compression process；

Mid-deep strata harmonic wave sampling point suppresses subelement, for being located at the mid-deep strata of seismic channel data when above-mentioned harmonic wave sampling point (l_delaytm≤t≤l_length) when, then according to formulaTo adjacent with above-mentioned standard frequency band k-1 above-mentioned The corresponding seismic traces data of harmonic wave sampling point t for needing to suppress in current frequency band k to be pressed carry out harmonic wave compression process；And root According to formulaIt is needed in frequency band k+1 to be pressed above-mentioned to second after above-mentioned standard frequency band k-1 The corresponding seismic traces data of the harmonic wave sampling point t of compacting carry out harmonic wave compression process；

In conjunction with second aspect to second aspect the 6th kind of possible embodiment in any possible embodiment, The embodiment of the invention provides the 7th kind of possible embodiments of second aspect, wherein above-mentioned data reconstruction module includes:

Data reconstruction unit, for according to formulaDetermine pressed seismic channel data, wherein t table Sample point number variable,Indicate in frequency band k seismic channel data, n after the corresponding compacting of sampling point t_fnumIt indicates to divide obtained frequency Band sum.

In embodiment provided by the invention, firstly, using waveform pass zero point number harmonic noise method of identification identification to Sampling point containing harmonic noise in multiple sampling points of the seismic channel data of processing, the sampling point containing harmonic noise that will identify that is as humorous Wave sampling point, and harmonic wave sampling point is marked；The mean amplitude of tide method of identification of the half-wave of frequency dividing is recycled to determine in each frequency band Whether the harmonic wave sampling point of label needs to suppress, and carries out harmonic wave pressure to the harmonic wave sampling point for needing to suppress in each frequency band determined System processing；Finally, seismic channel data after the corresponding compacting of each frequency band is reconstructed, pressed seismic channel data is obtained. Bring harmonic noise is effectively collected to earthquake using the identification method of two kinds of harmonic noises in embodiment provided by the invention Effectively identified, then effective compacting carried out to the harmonic noise identified, thus improve seismic data signal-to-noise ratio and Quality.

To enable the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention to be clearer and more comprehensible, preferred embodiment is cited below particularly, and cooperate Appended attached drawing, is described in detail below.

Detailed description of the invention

In order to illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, below will be to needed in the embodiment attached Figure is briefly described, it should be understood that the following drawings illustrates only certain embodiments of the present invention, therefore is not construed as pair The restriction of range for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can also be according to this A little attached drawings obtain other relevant attached drawings.

Fig. 1 shows the flow diagram of the compression process method of harmonic noise provided by the embodiment of the present invention；

Fig. 2 a is shown and is identified provided by the embodiment of the present invention using the harmonic noise method of identification of waveform pass zero point number Window mobile schematic diagram when in the process；

Fig. 2 b shows the mean amplitude of tide method of identification identification process of the half-wave provided by the embodiment of the present invention using frequency dividing The schematic diagram of the seismic channel data of each frequency band after middle frequency dividing；

Fig. 2 c shows the mean amplitude of tide method of identification identification process of the half-wave provided by the embodiment of the present invention using frequency dividing The schematic diagram of the mean amplitude of tide of each frequency band after middle frequency dividing；

Fig. 2 d shows the mean amplitude of tide method of identification identification process of the half-wave provided by the embodiment of the present invention using frequency dividing In in each frequency band nearby frequency bands overlapping schematic diagram；

Fig. 2 e shows the mean amplitude of tide method of identification identification process of the half-wave provided by the embodiment of the present invention using frequency dividing The schematic diagram of the difference functions curve of middle-shallow layer and mid-deep strata；

Fig. 3 shows the original single-shot data obtained provided by the embodiment of the present invention by experiment, according to the relevant technologies Method carry out the pressed single-shot data of harmonic noise and carry out harmonic noise compacting according to the method for the embodiment of the present invention The contrast schematic diagram of single-shot data afterwards；

Frequency spectrum corresponding with three single-shot data in the region AC in Fig. 3 provided by the embodiment of the present invention is shown in Fig. 4 Analysis chart；

Frequency spectrum corresponding with three single-shot data in the region BCD in Fig. 3 provided by the embodiment of the present invention is shown in Fig. 5 Analysis chart；

The stacked section of the single-shot data before harmonic wave provided by the embodiment of the present invention is suppressed is shown in Fig. 6, according to this The method of inventive embodiments carries out the stacked section of the pressed single-shot data of harmonic noise and superimposed harmonic noise cuts open Face schematic diagram；

Fig. 7 shows the structural schematic diagram of the compression process device of harmonic noise provided by the embodiment of the present invention.

Specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with attached drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete Ground description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Usually exist The component of the embodiment of the present invention described and illustrated in attached drawing can be arranged and be designed with a variety of different configurations herein.Cause This, is not intended to limit claimed invention to the detailed description of the embodiment of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings below Range, but it is merely representative of selected embodiment of the invention.Based on the embodiment of the present invention, those skilled in the art are not doing Every other embodiment obtained under the premise of creative work out, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In view of during Seismic Exploration with Vibrator, due to controlled source mechanical system and Hydrauservo System Non-linear vibration and the influence of the factors such as focus and ground-coupled, can generate harmonic distortion, so that harmonic noise is formed, this Kind harmonic noise can seriously reduce the signal-to-noise ratio of seismic data, influence the quality of seismic data.Based on this, the embodiment of the present invention is mentioned A kind of compression process method of harmonic noise, and a kind of compression process dress for the harmonic noise that can apply this method are supplied It sets.

Harmonic noise other than the characteristic being doubled and redoubled with frequency range, also have correlation properties, time response and Amplitude response.It needs to analyze the characteristic of harmonic noise, distribution character, frequency characteristic and the amplitude for getting harmonic noise clear are special Property, the method that can just find out identification harmonic noise and be suppressed, to improve seismic data signal-to-noise ratio.

Since the attenuation by absorption of the earth acts on, the main energetic of earthquake record is generally focused within the scope of 12~28Hz, and The frequency of the harmonic noise of the seismic channel data obtained using slip scan mode is typically larger than 30Hz；In addition, slip scan is every The vibration of group controlled source will be spaced a sliding time, and shake interval time and more grow, the energy of harmonic noise and useful signal Amount difference is just bigger, this is just that the mean amplitude of tide of the half-wave using harmonic frequency and harmonic wave identifies harmonic noise and to harmonic noise It carries out compacting and provides condition.Based on this, as shown in Figure 1, a kind of compression process of harmonic noise provided in an embodiment of the present invention Method, the method comprising the steps of S102-S106 are specific as follows:

Firstly, the minimum frequency of setting harmonic noiseAnd it is made an uproar according to above-mentioned harmonic wave The minimum frequency of sound determines the maximum cycle of above-mentioned harmonic noise corresponding with above-mentioned minimum frequencyWherein, f_minIndicate the minimum frequency of harmonic noise, f_beginIndicate the start frequency of the normal wavelet amplitude of seismic channel, f_endIndicate earthquake The end frequency of the normal wavelet amplitude in road, f_harmIndicate the harmonic noise frequency for starting to identify, n_zeroIndicate harmonic noise most Large period, n_zeroUnit be millisecond；

Then, multiple sampling points in seismic channel data to be processed are carried out with the identification and compression process of harmonic noise, tool Body includes:

Step S102: the more of seismic channel data to be processed are identified using the harmonic noise method of identification of waveform pass zero point number Containing the sampling point of harmonic noise in a sampling point, the above-mentioned sampling point containing harmonic noise that will identify that is as harmonic wave sampling point, and to above-mentioned Harmonic wave sampling point is marked, wherein seismic channel data to be processed is WA (t), the corresponding harmonic noise Warning Mark of sampling point t b_flag(t), by the initial b of each sampling point_flag(t) it is set as 0；

Step S104: harmonic wave sampling point marked in each frequency band is determined using the mean amplitude of tide method of identification of the half-wave of frequency dividing Whether need to suppress, and harmonic wave compression process is carried out to the harmonic wave sampling point for needing to suppress in each frequency band determined；

Step S106: seismic channel data after the corresponding compacting of each frequency band is reconstructed, pressed seismic channel is obtained Data.

Bring is effectively collected to earthquake using the identification method of two kinds of harmonic noises in embodiment provided by the invention Harmonic noise is effectively identified, then has carried out effective compacting to the harmonic noise identified, to improve seismic data Signal-to-noise ratio and quality.

Specifically, above-mentioned identify seismic channel data to be processed using the harmonic noise method of identification of waveform pass zero point number Containing the sampling point of harmonic noise in multiple sampling points, the above-mentioned sampling point containing harmonic noise that will identify that is as harmonic wave sampling point, and to upper Harmonic wave sampling point is stated to be marked, comprising:

Step b: harmonic noise in window when determining above-mentioned according to the maximum cycle of above-mentioned harmonic noise and above-mentioned time window length Zero crossing number n_min, whereinn_minIt is a fixed value；

Step c: according to the zero crossing number of seismic channel data in window when whether jack per line determines above-mentioned in seismic channel data n_trace, specifically, amplitude corresponding to two sampling points adjacent in seismic channel data is successively multiplied two-by-two, i.e. WA (t) * WA (t + 1), if multiplied result indicates that this is adjacent less than zero (the adjacent corresponding amplitude contrary sign of two sampling points, i.e., one one negative value of positive value) Zero crossing between two sampling points, then n_traceCount primary (numerical value adds one)；If multiplied result is greater than zero (two adjacent sampling points pair The amplitude jack per line answered is all positive value or be all negative value), indicate non-zero crossing between the two neighboring sampling point, then n_traceNumber It is worth constant；Until t=this when window in the last one sampling point, n at this time_traceNumerical identity this when window in seismic channel data mistake Zero number；

Step e: when judging above-mentioned in window seismic channel zero crossing number n_traceWhether the zero passage of above-mentioned harmonic noise is greater than Point number n_minIf (n_traceGreater than n_min), then the sampling point of removal is determined as the sampling point containing harmonic noise, and to determining Each sampling point containing harmonic noise be identified (by the n of removal_moveA sampling point t to t+n_moveCorresponding harmonic noise instruction Indicate b_flag(t) to b_flag(t+n_move) be set as 99)；If n_traceLess than n_min, then the n that removes_moveA sampling point t to t+n_moveIt is right The harmonic noise Warning Mark b answered_flag(t) to b_flag(t+n_move) numerical value it is constant, be still 0；

Step c to step e is circuited sequentially, the down contour point of window is moved to the road knot of above-mentioned seismic channel data when above-mentioned Beam spot；When judging above-mentioned in window seismic channel zero crossing number n_traceWhether the zero crossing number n of above-mentioned harmonic noise is greater than_min, If so, will be above-mentioned when window in all sampling points (sampling point l_length-n_windowsTo l_length) be determined as containing harmonic noise Sampling point, and each sampling point containing harmonic noise determined is identified, wherein due to consideration that deep layer harmonic wave interference is tight Weight, thus, window when the last one is individually handled, such as n in window when the last one_traceGreater than n_min, then will be in window when this All sampling points mark the sampling point for harmonic noise, by sampling point l_length-n_windowsTo l_lengthCorresponding b_flag (l_length-n_windows) to b_flag(l_length) it is set as 99.

It should be noted that in view of for window when each, the maximum cycle n of harmonic noise_zero, time window length n_windowsIt is all the same, thus, when each in window harmonic noise zero crossing number n_minIt is a fixed value, i.e., when each in window n_minSize be it is constant, thus, circuit sequentially step c to step e.

For example, as shown in Figure 2 a, the value of each sampling point t of seismic channel data to be processed is l_muteTo l_length, Mei Geshi Window length is n_windows, when window movable length be n_move, above-mentioned excision point is l_muteIf (when not presetting excision point, then recognizing For the sampling point that the sampling point since t=1 is identified as, and from the sampling point of t=1 to create time window length be n_windowsWhen Window), for example, the sampling interval is 2 milliseconds, thus ground if the time series of seismic channel data to be processed is 7000 milliseconds Shaking in track data includes 7000/2=3500 sampling point, i.e., end point l in road in seismic channel data_length=3500；By sampling point 1 To sampling point l_mute- 1 excision, main purpose is the interference wave such as excision preliminary wave, so that signal-to-noise ratio is improved, it can be by the 500th Sampling point is as excision point, i.e., the excision point l in seismic channel data_mute=500, l will be used as_muteThe starting of window when=500 creation Which sample point, the harmonic frequency method of identification based on zero crossing number in the unit time determine from the 500th to 3500 sampling point Point contains harmonic noise, by the corresponding harmonic noise Warning Mark b of the sampling point containing harmonic noise_flag(t) value is set as 99.

In embodiment provided by the invention, however, it is determined that it takes the post as a sampling point t and contains harmonic noise, it can be t pairs by the sampling point The harmonic noise Warning Mark b answered_flag(t) value is set as a certain preset value, for example, 99 are set as, to indicate sampling point t Contain harmonic noise, b_flag(t) it can be 0 before not set preset value.Window when by constantly moving, earthquake in window when comparing The zero crossing number n in road_traceWith the zero crossing number n of harmonic noise_minSize relation, and then determine seismic channel to be processed Whether contain harmonic noise in data in each sampling point, completes the harmonic wave of the harmonic noise method of identification based on waveform pass zero point number Noise Identification, that is, after the completion of identifying, containing the corresponding b of sampling point t by harmonic noise_flag(t)=99.

Specifically, the mean amplitude of tide method of identification of the above-mentioned half-wave using frequency dividing determines harmonic wave sample marked in each frequency band Whether point needs to suppress, and carries out harmonic wave compression process to the harmonic wave sampling point for needing to suppress in each frequency band determined, comprising:

Wherein, according to formulaDetermine the frequency for dividing and obtaining Band sum, wherein n_fnumIndicate the frequency band number divided, n_reserveIt indicates to retain frequency band number (n_reserve=2 join for constant Amount), f_cutoffIndicate harmonic noise by frequency, f_harmExpression starts the frequency of the harmonic noise of identification, f_beginIndicate earthquake The start frequency of the normal wavelet amplitude of track data；N is calculated_fnumLater, according to formulaTo original Seismic channel data carries out scaling down processing, and division obtains n_fnumThe equal frequency band of a bandwidth, wherein h_k(t) filtering factor, x are indicated (t) seismic traces data, x are indicated_k(t) filtered data, i.e. data after frequency dividing are indicated,For cirrocumulus operator, t is indicated Sampling point variable, k indicate frequency band variable；

Wherein, if being still 7000 milliseconds with the time series of seismic channel data to be processed, the sampling interval is 2 milliseconds and is Example, thus include 7000/2=3500 sampling point in seismic channel data, then it is divided into n_fnumAfter a frequency band, each frequency band It include 3500 sampling points.

Step 4: in the marked harmonic wave sampling point of two above-mentioned current frequency bands to be pressed of selection, judging one by one respectively The average vibration of the half-wave of the above-mentioned current frequency band to be pressed of each above-mentioned harmonic wave sampling point of two above-mentioned current frequency bands to be pressed Whether width is greater than the mean amplitude of tide of the half-wave of above-mentioned standard frequency band and the product of interpolating function；If so, to above-mentioned harmonic wave sample The seismic channel data of point carries out the compression process of harmonic noise；By in pressed two above-mentioned current frequency bands to be pressed with it is upper The adjacent frequency band of standard bands is stated as next standard bands；Wherein, normal wavelet amplitude is by standard energy frequency band It is interior using half-wave be the average absolute value energy of window as the standard energy value of every bit in the half-wave, according to formulaDetermine the mean amplitude of tide of the half-wave of sampling point t in frequency band k, wherein m₁And m₂Table respectively Show the starting sampling point number of frequency band k and terminates sampling point number, x_k(j) the corresponding initial data of sampling point j in frequency band k is indicated；

For example, as shown in Figure 2 b, seismic channel data to be processed is divided into 6 equal frequency bands of bandwidth, i.e. n_fnum= The low-frequency band that 6, k value is 1 to 6, k=1 is known without the harmonic noise of the harmonic wave mean amplitude of tide method of identification based on frequency dividing Not with compacting, as shown in Figure 2 c, using the frequency band of k=2 as the standard bands (normal wavelet amplitude) chosen for the first time, to k=3 The harmonic noise identification and compacting of the harmonic wave mean amplitude of tide method of identification based on frequency dividing are carried out to the frequency band of k=6；Normal-sub wave-amplitude Spectrum is the standard value using half-wave as the mean amplitude of tide of window as every bit in the half-wave, for by comparing the half-wave between frequency band Mean amplitude of tide provides the foundation to carry out the identification of harmonic noise with compacting, avoids and is identified in the related technology based on single-point energy The defect of harmonic wave interference.

It should be noted that frequency band to be pressed can be all frequency bands for dividing and obtaining, it is also possible to divide obtained frequency The higher frequency band of rate.Preferably, it is contemplated that low frequency is not destroyed, and therefore, M-1 minimum frequency band of frequency is not as to be pressed Frequency band is suppressed since the frequency band of k=M (i.e. k=3) using the frequency band of k=M-1 (such as k=2) as standard bands, i.e., will The frequency band of k=M (k=3) is to k=n_fnum(k=6) frequency band is as frequency band to be pressed, wherein M is default positive integer.Example Such as, as M=3, the 1st frequency band is without processing, and the 2nd frequency band is as normal wavelet amplitude standard bands, and the 3rd frequency With as the harmonic noise frequency band for starting compacting.Wherein, the n divided_fnumA frequency band, according to the sequence of frequency from low to high It being numbered, the frequency for numbering smaller frequency band is lower, i.e., the frequency of the 1st frequency band is minimum, and n-th_fnumThe frequency of a frequency band is most It is high.

Specifically, as shown in Figure 2 d still for seismic channel data to be processed is divided into 6 frequency bands, by the frequency of k=2 Band is used as standard bands, using the frequency band of k=3 to k=6 as frequency band to be pressed, i.e., rear 1 frequency band (k=3) of the frequency band of k=2, 2 frequency bands (k=4), rear 3 frequency band (k=5), rear 4 frequency band (k=6) afterwards；

1) it identifies and suppresses for the first time: using two frequency bands after the frequency band of k=2 as current frequency band to be pressed i.e. rear 1 Frequency band (k=3), rear 2 frequency band (k=4), rear 1 frequency band (k=3), rear 2 frequency band (k=4) marked harmonic wave sampling point in, point The harmonic wave mean amplitude of tide based on frequency dividing is not carried out to the marked harmonic wave sampling point in the frequency band of the frequency band of k=3 and k=4 one by one The identification and compacting of method of identification, i.e., by the mean amplitude of tide of the mean amplitude of tide of the half-wave of each harmonic wave sampling point and the half-wave of standard bands It is compared with the product of interpolating function, judges that harmonic wave sampling point is known according to comparison result and no need to suppress；It then, will be pressed The frequency band of k=3 is as next standard bands；

2) it identifies and suppresses for second: using two frequency bands after the frequency band of k=3 as current frequency band to be pressed i.e. rear 2 Frequency band (k=4), rear 3 frequency band (k=5), rear 2 frequency band (k=4), rear 3 frequency band (k=5) marked harmonic wave sampling point in, point The harmonic wave mean amplitude of tide based on frequency dividing is not carried out to the marked harmonic wave sampling point in the frequency band of the frequency band of k=4 and k=5 one by one The identification and compacting of method of identification, i.e., by the mean amplitude of tide of the mean amplitude of tide of the half-wave of each harmonic wave sampling point and the half-wave of standard bands It is compared with the product of interpolating function, judges that harmonic wave sampling point is known according to comparison result and no need to suppress；It then, will be pressed The frequency band of k=4 is as next standard bands (frequency band of k=4 is by identification twice and compacting)；

3) third time is identified and is suppressed: using two frequency bands after the frequency band of k=4 as current frequency band to be pressed i.e. rear 3 Frequency band (k=5), rear 4 frequency band (k=6), rear 3 frequency band (k=5), rear 4 frequency band (k=6) marked harmonic wave sampling point in, point The harmonic wave mean amplitude of tide based on frequency dividing is not carried out to the marked harmonic wave sampling point in the frequency band of the frequency band of k=5 and k=6 one by one The identification and compacting of method of identification, i.e., by the mean amplitude of tide of the mean amplitude of tide of the half-wave of each harmonic wave sampling point and the half-wave of standard bands It is compared with the product of interpolating function, judges that harmonic wave sampling point is known according to comparison result and no need to suppress；It then, will be pressed The frequency band of k=5 is as next standard bands (frequency band of k=5 is by identification twice and compacting)；

4) the 4th identification and compacting: 4 after being as current frequency band to be pressed using two frequency bands after the frequency band of k=5 Frequency band (k=6), due to only one frequency band to be processed after the frequency band of k=5, in the marked humorous of rear 4 frequency band (k=6) In wave sampling point, the harmonic wave mean amplitude of tide based on frequency dividing is carried out to the marked harmonic wave sampling point in the frequency band of k=6 one by one respectively and is known The identification and compacting of other method, i.e., by the mean amplitude of tide of the mean amplitude of tide of the half-wave of each harmonic wave sampling point and the half-wave of standard bands with The product of interpolating function is compared, and is judged that harmonic wave sampling point is known according to comparison result and no is needed to suppress；Then, by pressed k As next standard bands (frequency band of k=6 is by identification twice and compacting), all frequency bands identify and pressure=6 frequency band System terminates.

In summary, when using k-1 frequency band as standard bands, k frequency band (rear 1 frequency band of k-1 frequency band) and k+1 frequency band (k-1 Rear 2 frequency band of frequency band) be respectively current frequency band to be pressed:

1) identification for the first time and compacting: k-1 frequency band carries out based on frequency dividing k frequency band and k+1 frequency band as standard bands The identification and compacting of harmonic wave mean amplitude of tide method of identification；

2) second of identification and compacting: k frequency band carries out based on frequency dividing k+1 frequency band and k+2 frequency band as standard bands The identification and compacting of harmonic wave mean amplitude of tide method of identification；

3) third time identification and compacting: k+1 frequency band carries out based on frequency dividing k+2 frequency band and k+3 frequency band as standard bands Harmonic wave mean amplitude of tide method of identification identification and compacting；

4) the 4th identification and compacting: if k+3 is the last one frequency band, k+2 frequency band is as standard bands, only to k+3 frequency Band carries out the identification and compacting of the harmonic wave mean amplitude of tide method of identification based on frequency dividing；Wherein, k+1 frequency band, k+2 frequency band, k+3 frequency band are equal Carry out twice the identification and compacting of the harmonic wave mean amplitude of tide method of identification based on frequency dividing.

In embodiments of the present invention, it is made an uproar using the identification method of two kinds of harmonic noises to earthquake highly effective gathering bring harmonic wave Sound is effectively identified, i.e., first uses the harmonic frequency method of identification based on zero crossing number in the unit time, then is used and be based on dividing The harmonic wave mean amplitude of tide method of identification of frequency, wherein practical when being identified using the harmonic wave mean amplitude of tide method of identification based on frequency dividing On the last one frequency band played for second frequency band after the standard bands of selection (to divide 6 frequency bands, and select the 2nd frequency Band is the 4th frequency band to the 6th frequency band for standard bands) for, the harmonic wave mean amplitude of tide method of identification based on frequency dividing has carried out twice It identifies and compacting, i.e. high frequency band needs is identified and suppressed twice, it can be to the sampling point in lap in two frequency bands It is effectively suppressed, to obtain better harmonic noise pressing result.

Wherein, it is contemplated that harmonic wave sampling point is located at the shallow-layer and mid-deep strata (including middle layer and deep layer two parts) of seismic channel data When harmonic noise interference performance have a certain difference, thus, as shown in Figure 2 e, in the mean amplitude of tide time-harmonic wave of relatively half-wave Sampling point is located at the shallow-layer of seismic channel data or mid-deep strata introduces different difference functions, improves and identifies to harmonic noise With the accuracy of compacting, it is based on this, it is above-mentioned in the marked harmonic wave sampling point of the above-mentioned current frequency band to be pressed of selection, respectively Judge whether the mean amplitude of tide of the half-wave of the above-mentioned current frequency band to be pressed of each above-mentioned harmonic wave sampling point is greater than above-mentioned standard one by one The mean amplitude of tide of the half-wave of frequency band and the product of interpolating function, comprising:

In embodiment provided by the invention, it is contemplated that the energy of shallow-layer and mid-deep strata harmonic noise is variant, and shallow-layer is weak, Mid-deep strata is strong, and therefore, in order to effectively suppress harmonic noise, useful signal without injuring shallow-layer and mid-deep strata, the present invention is implemented Example method in shallow-layer, mid-deep strata are identified using different difference functions, compared to the relevant technologies method using shallow-layer with The constant method of the identification parameter of mid-deep strata, the effect that the method for the embodiment of the present invention obtains are more excellent.

Specifically, above-mentioned shallow-layer interpolating function is

Above-mentioned mid-deep strata interpolating function is；

Wherein, the compression process of harmonic noise is carried out to the seismic channel data of above-mentioned harmonic wave sampling point, comprising:

Wherein, the value of t is l_muteTo l_length, y_k-1(t) the average vibration of the half-wave of sampling point t in standard bands k-1 is indicated Width, y_k(t) mean amplitude of tide of the half-wave of sampling point t in the frequency band k adjacent with standard bands k-1, x are indicated_k(t) it indicates and standard frequency Seismic traces data with sampling point t in k-1 adjacent frequency band k, y_k+1(t) second frequency after standard bands k-1 is indicated Mean amplitude of tide with the half-wave of sampling point t in k+1, x_k+1(t) sampling point in second frequency band k+1 after expression standard bands k-1 The seismic traces data of t, γ indicate amplitude damping factor on amplitude spectrum.

Specifically, using k-1 frequency band as the standard bands chosen for the first time, when the harmonic wave sampling point in frequency band k is located at seismic channel Shallow-layer (the l of data_mute< t < l_delaytm) when, judge y_k(t) whether it is greater than y_k-1(t)×p₁(t), if y_k(t) > y_k-1(t)× p₁(t), then according to formulaTo with t pairs of harmonic wave sampling point needing to suppress in 1 frequency band k after standard bands k-1 The seismic traces data answered carry out harmonic wave compression process；And when the harmonic wave sampling point in frequency band k+1 is located at seismic channel data Shallow-layer (l_mute< t < l_delaytm) when, judge y_k+1(t) whether it is greater than y_k-1(t)×p₁(t), if y_k+1(t) > y_k-1(t)×p₁ (t), then according to formulaTo with the harmonic wave sampling point that needs to suppress in 2 frequency band k+1 after standard bands k-1 The corresponding seismic traces data of t carry out harmonic wave compression process；

When the harmonic wave sampling point in frequency band k is located at the mid-deep strata (l of seismic channel data_delaytm≤t≤l_length) when, judge y_k (t) whether it is greater than y_k-1(t)×p₂(t), if y_k(t) > y_k-1(t)×p₂(t), then according to formulaIt is right Seismic traces data corresponding with the harmonic wave sampling point t for needing to suppress in 1 frequency band k after standard bands k-1 carry out at harmonic wave compacting Reason；And when the harmonic wave sampling point in frequency band k+1 is located at the mid-deep strata (l of seismic channel data_delaytm≤t≤l_length) when, judgement y_k+1(t) whether it is greater than y_k-1(t)×p₂(t), if y_k+1(t) > y_k-1(t)×p₂(t), then according to formulaTo corresponding primitively with the harmonic wave sampling point t for needing to suppress in 2 frequency band k+1 after standard bands k-1 It shakes track data and carries out harmonic wave compression process.

Specifically, seismic channel data after the corresponding compacting of each frequency band is reconstructed, pressed seismic channel number is obtained According to, comprising:

Bring is effectively collected to earthquake using the identification method of two kinds of harmonic noises in embodiment provided by the invention Harmonic noise is effectively identified, then has carried out effective compacting to the harmonic noise identified, to improve seismic data Signal-to-noise ratio and quality；Further, right when carrying out harmonic noise identification using the harmonic wave mean amplitude of tide method of identification based on frequency dividing Harmonic wave sampling point in high frequency band has carried out the identification and compacting of the harmonic wave mean amplitude of tide method of identification based on frequency dividing twice, thus can It is effectively suppressed with the sampling point in the lap to two frequency bands, to obtain better harmonic noise pressing result； Further, it is contemplated that harmonic noise interference performance when harmonic wave sampling point is located at the shallow-layer and mid-deep strata of seismic channel data exists Certain difference, thus, it is located at the shallow-layer or mid-deep strata of seismic channel data in the mean amplitude of tide time-harmonic wave sampling point of relatively half-wave Different difference functions are introduced, the accuracy for being identified and being suppressed to harmonic noise is improved.

By test obtain the experimental results showed that, compared to the method for the relevant technologies, the method energy of the embodiment of the present invention The signal-to-noise ratio for enough reducing seismic data, obtains better seismic data quality.Original single-shot data are shown in Fig. 3, according to phase The method of pass technology carries out the pressed single-shot data of harmonic noise and makes an uproar according to the method progress harmonic wave of the embodiment of the present invention The contrast schematic diagram of the pressed single-shot data of sound shows the frequency spectrum of the corresponding original single-shot data in the region AC in Fig. 3 in Fig. 4 Analysis carries out the spectrum analysis of the pressed single-shot data of harmonic noise according to the method for the relevant technologies and according to the present invention The method of embodiment carries out the contrast schematic diagram of the spectrum analysis of the pressed single-shot data of harmonic noise.Fig. 3 is shown in Fig. 5 The spectrum analysis of the corresponding original single-shot data in the middle region BCD, to carry out harmonic noise according to the method for the relevant technologies pressed The spectrum analysis of single-shot data and the frequency that the pressed single-shot data of harmonic noise are carried out according to the method for the embodiment of the present invention The contrast schematic diagram of spectrum analysis.From Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, it is apparent that compared with the method for the relevant technologies, according to this hair It is cleaner that the method for bright embodiment carries out the pressed data of harmonic noise.Spectrum analysis chart shown in Fig. 4 is bright, due to humorous Wave noise energy is stronger, and the harmonic wave high-frequency noise between 30Hz-90Hz frequency is than more prominent；In low frequency 1Hz-5Hz, according to this The effective component that the method for inventive embodiments carries out the frequency spectrum of the pressed single-shot data of harmonic noise is higher than original single-shot number According to frequency spectrum and according to the relevant technologies method carry out the pressed single-shot data of harmonic noise frequency spectrum；In 5Hz-30Hz In, the frequency spectrum of the pressed single-shot data of harmonic noise is carried out according to the method for the relevant technologies and according to the side of the embodiment of the present invention The effective component that method carries out the frequency spectrum of the pressed single-shot data of harmonic noise is closer to；It is mainly harmonic wave in 30Hz-90Hz Noise carries out the harmonic noise in the pressed single-shot data of harmonic noise according to the method for the embodiment of the present invention and has obtained effectively Compacting.Spectrum analysis chart shown in fig. 5 is bright, since harmonic energy is stronger, the m-Acetyl chlorophosphonazo high frequency of same 30Hz-90Hz frequency Noise is than more prominent.The frequency spectrum of the pressed single-shot data of harmonic noise is carried out according to the method for the relevant technologies and according to the present invention The low frequency effective component that the method for embodiment carries out the frequency spectrum of the pressed single-shot data of harmonic noise is strengthened, simultaneously 10Hz-30Hz effective component is also strengthened.But in 1Hz-30Hz, guarantor's width degree of the method for the embodiment of the present invention is higher than phase The method of pass technology；Obtained effective compacting according to the method for the embodiment of the present invention in 30Hz-90Hz harmonic noise, from Fig. 4 and In Fig. 5 as can be seen that compared with the method for the relevant technologies, it is pressed that harmonic noise is carried out according to the method for the embodiment of the present invention Harmonic noise in single-shot data has obtained effective compacting, and carries out harmonic noise pressure according to the method for the embodiment of the present invention The smooth type of the frequency spectrum of single-shot data after system is higher, meanwhile, mono-tone interference compacting is more preferable, and entire spectral enveloping line is also more It is ideal.The stacked section of single-shot data before showing harmonic wave compacting in Fig. 6 carries out harmonic wave according to the method for the embodiment of the present invention The stacked section of the pressed single-shot data of noise and superimposed harmonic noise diagrammatic cross-section, it can be seen from the figure that Before compacting compared with after compacting, cutd open according to the superposition that the method for the embodiment of the present invention carries out the pressed single-shot data of harmonic noise Face, harmonic noise have obtained effective compacting, and signal-to-noise ratio improves.Improve obviously from main exploration target imaging effect, takes Obtained satisfactory effect.

The embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of compression process devices of harmonic noise, as shown in fig. 7, the device includes:

First identification module 702, for identifying ground to be processed using the harmonic noise method of identification of waveform pass zero point number The sampling point containing harmonic noise in multiple sampling points of track data is shaken, the above-mentioned sampling point containing harmonic noise that will identify that is as harmonic wave sample Point, and above-mentioned harmonic wave sampling point is marked；

Second identification module 704, the mean amplitude of tide method of identification for the half-wave using frequency dividing, which determines in each frequency band, have been marked Whether the harmonic wave sampling point of note needs to suppress, and carries out harmonic wave compacting to the harmonic wave sampling point for needing to suppress in each frequency band determined Processing；

Data reconstruction module 706 is suppressed for seismic channel data after the corresponding compacting of each frequency band to be reconstructed Seismic channel data afterwards.

Further, above-mentioned apparatus further include:

Further, above-mentioned first identification module 702 includes:

Further, above-mentioned second identification module 704 includes:

Further, above-mentioned harmonic wave spot identification includes: with press unit

Further, above-mentioned shallow-layer interpolating function isAbove-mentioned mid-deep strata is inserted Value function is；

Further, above-mentioned data reconstruction module 706 includes:

The modules for including in the compression process device of harmonic noise of the invention can be the specific hardware in equipment Or it is installed on software or firmware etc. in equipment.It is apparent to those skilled in the art that for the side of description Just and succinctly, the specific work process of the module of foregoing description and unit, the correspondence during reference can be made to the above method embodiment Process.In several embodiments provided herein, it should be understood that the compression process method of disclosed harmonic noise and Device may be implemented in other ways.The embodiment of the compression process device of harmonic noise described above is only Schematically, for example, the division of said units, only a kind of logical function partition, can there is other draw in actual implementation The mode of dividing, in another example, multiple units or components can be combined or can be integrated into another system or some features can neglect Slightly, it or does not execute.Another point, shown or discussed mutual coupling, direct-coupling or communication connection, which can be, to be passed through The indirect coupling or communication connection of some communication interfaces, device or unit can be electrical property, mechanical or other forms.

The unit as illustrated by the separation member may or may not be physically separated, aobvious as unit The component shown may or may not be physical unit, it can and it is in one place, or may be distributed over multiple In network unit.It can select some or all of unit therein according to the actual needs to realize the mesh of this embodiment scheme 's.In addition, the functional units in various embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, it is also possible to each Unit physically exists alone, and can also be integrated in one unit with two or more units.

It, can be with if the function is realized in the form of SFU software functional unit and when sold or used as an independent product It is stored in a computer readable storage medium.Based on this understanding, technical solution of the present invention is substantially in other words The part of the part that contributes to existing technology or the technical solution can be embodied in the form of software products, the meter Calculation machine software product is stored in a storage medium, including some instructions are used so that a computer equipment (can be a People's computer, server or network equipment etc.) it performs all or part of the steps of the method described in the various embodiments of the present invention. And storage medium above-mentioned includes: that USB flash disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), arbitrary access are deposited The various media that can store program code such as reservoir (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic or disk.

The above description is merely a specific embodiment, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any Those familiar with the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, can easily think of the change or the replacement, and should all contain Lid is within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. a kind of compression process method of harmonic noise, which is characterized in that the described method includes:

A sampling point is chosen in multiple sampling points of seismic channel data to be processed as excision point, in the excision point of selection Place's creation time window length is n_windowsWhen window；According to the maximum cycle of the harmonic noise and time window length determination When window in harmonic noise zero crossing number n_min；It is whether same according to the corresponding amplitude of two sampling points adjacent in seismic channel data Number determine it is described when window in seismic channel data zero crossing number n_trace；According to it is preset when window movable length n_moveWhen will be described Window is to the road end point prescription of the seismic channel data to be processed to movement；The zero crossing of seismic channel is a in window when judging described Number n_traceWhether the zero crossing number n of the harmonic noise is greater than_min, if so, the sampling point of removal is determined as making an uproar containing harmonic wave The sampling point of sound, and each sampling point containing harmonic noise determined is identified；The down contour point of window is moved when described It moves to the road end point of the seismic channel data；When judging described in window seismic channel zero crossing number n_traceWhether it is greater than described The zero crossing number n of harmonic noise_min, if so, will be described when window in all sampling points be determined as the sample containing harmonic noise Point, and each sampling point containing harmonic noise determined is identified；

Frequency band division processing is carried out to the seismic channel data to be processed, obtains the frequency band of multiple and different frequency bands to divide； A frequency band is chosen in obtained multiple frequency bands as standard bands from dividing, and will be multiple after the standard bands Frequency band is as frequency band to be pressed；From multiple frequency bands to be pressed, two frequency band conducts after the standard bands are chosen Current frequency band to be pressed；In the marked harmonic wave sampling point of two current frequency bands to be pressed of selection, sentence one by one respectively The average vibration of the half-wave of the current frequency band to be pressed of each harmonic wave sampling point of disconnected two current frequency bands to be pressed Whether width is greater than the mean amplitude of tide of the half-wave of the standard bands and the product of interpolating function；If so, to the harmonic wave sampling point Seismic channel data carry out harmonic noise compression process；By in the pressed two current frequency bands to be pressed with the mark The adjacent frequency band of quasi- frequency band is as next standard bands；Until the next standard bands currently chosen are the last one frequency Band；

2. the method according to claim 1, wherein described in multiple sampling points of seismic channel data to be processed Before a sampling point is chosen as excision point, further includes:

The minimum frequency of harmonic noise is setAnd according to the minimum frequency of the harmonic noise Rate determines the maximum cycle of the harmonic noise corresponding with the minimum frequencyWherein, f_minIndicate harmonic wave The minimum frequency of noise, f_beginIndicate the start frequency of the normal wavelet amplitude of seismic channel, f_endIndicate the normal wavelet vibration of seismic channel The end frequency of width spectrum, f_harmIndicate the harmonic noise frequency for starting to identify, n_zeroIndicate the maximum cycle of harmonic noise.

3. the method according to claim 1, wherein the mark of the current frequency band to be pressed in selection In the harmonic wave sampling point of note, the average vibration of the half-wave of the current frequency band to be pressed of each harmonic wave sampling point is judged one by one respectively Whether width is greater than the mean amplitude of tide of the half-wave of the standard bands and the product of interpolating function, comprising:

When the harmonic wave sampling point is located at the shallow-layer of seismic channel data, then the described current to be pressed of each harmonic wave sampling point is judged Whether the mean amplitude of tide of the half-wave of frequency band is greater than the mean amplitude of tide and shallow-layer interpolating function p of the half-wave of the standard bands₁(t) Product；

When the harmonic wave sampling point is located at the mid-deep strata of seismic channel data, then the described currently wait press of each harmonic wave sampling point is judged Whether the mean amplitude of tide of the half-wave of frequency band processed is greater than the mean amplitude of tide and mid-deep strata interpolating function p of the half-wave of the standard bands₂ (t) product.

4. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that, the shallow-layer interpolating function is

The mid-deep strata interpolating function is；

Wherein, d_timeIndicate the minimum threshold value suppressed since cutting off the moment, e_timeIndicate the minimum suppressed away from road finish time Threshold, l_delaytmIndicate the critical point between the shallow-layer and mid-deep strata of seismic channel data, l_muteIndicate the selection in seismic channel data Cut off point, l_lengthIndicate road end point in seismic channel data.

5. according to the method described in claim 4, making an uproar it is characterized in that, carrying out harmonic wave to the seismic channel data of the harmonic wave sampling point The compression process of sound, comprising:

When the harmonic wave sampling point is located at the shallow-layer of seismic channel data, then according to formulaTo with the mark The corresponding seismic traces data of harmonic wave sampling point t for needing to suppress in the quasi- frequency band k-1 adjacent current frequency band k to be pressed into Row harmonic wave compression process；And according to formulaTo described in second after the standard bands k-1 The corresponding seismic traces data of the harmonic wave sampling point t for needing to suppress in frequency band k+1 to be pressed carry out harmonic wave compression process；

When the harmonic wave sampling point is located at the mid-deep strata of seismic channel data, then according to formulaTo with institute State the corresponding seismic traces number of harmonic wave sampling point t for needing to suppress in the adjacent current frequency band k to be pressed of standard bands k-1 According to progress harmonic wave compression process；And according to formulaTo second after the standard bands k-1 The corresponding seismic traces data of the harmonic wave sampling point t for needing to suppress in the frequency band k+1 to be pressed carry out harmonic wave compression process；

Wherein, the value of t is l_muteTo l_length, y_k-1(t) mean amplitude of tide of the half-wave of sampling point t in standard bands k-1, y are indicated_k (t) mean amplitude of tide of the half-wave of sampling point t in the frequency band k adjacent with standard bands k-1, x are indicated_k(t) it indicates and standard bands k-1 The seismic traces data of sampling point t, y in adjacent frequency band k_k+1(t) second frequency band k+1 after standard bands k-1 is indicated The mean amplitude of tide of the half-wave of middle sampling point t, x_k+1(t) indicate standard bands k-1 after second frequency band k+1 in sampling point t original Beginning seismic channel data, γ indicate amplitude damping factor on amplitude spectrum.

6. method according to claim 1-5, which is characterized in that seismic channel after the corresponding compacting of each frequency band Data are reconstructed, and obtain pressed seismic channel data, comprising:

According to formulaDetermining pressed seismic channel data, wherein t indicates sampling point variable,It indicates Seismic channel data, n after the corresponding compacting of sampling point t in frequency band k_fnumIt indicates to divide obtained frequency band sum.

7. a kind of compression process device of harmonic noise, which is characterized in that described device includes:

First identification module is used as excision point for choosing a sampling point in multiple sampling points of seismic channel data to be processed, It is n that time window length is created at the excision point of selection_windowsWhen window；According to the maximum cycle of the harmonic noise and institute State the zero crossing number n of harmonic noise in window when time window length determines described_min；According to two samples adjacent in seismic channel data The zero crossing number n of the corresponding amplitude of point seismic channel data in window when whether jack per line determines described_trace；According to it is preset when window move Dynamic length n_moveWindow is to the road end point prescription of the seismic channel data to be processed to movement when will be described；Window when judging described The zero crossing number n of interior seismic channel_traceWhether the zero crossing number n of the harmonic noise is greater than_min, if so, by the sample of removal Point is determined as the sampling point containing harmonic noise, and is identified to each sampling point containing harmonic noise determined；Until institute The down contour point of window is moved to the road end point of the seismic channel data when stating；The zero crossing of seismic channel is a in window when judging described Number n_traceWhether the zero crossing number n of the harmonic noise is greater than_min, if so, will be described when window in all sampling points determine For the sampling point containing harmonic noise, and each sampling point containing harmonic noise determined is identified；

Second identification module is obtained multiple for carrying out frequency band division processing to the seismic channel data to be processed with division The frequency band of different frequency sections；A frequency band is chosen in obtained multiple frequency bands as standard bands from dividing, and will be described Multiple frequency bands after standard bands are as frequency band to be pressed；From multiple frequency bands to be pressed, the standard bands are chosen Two frequency bands later are as current frequency band to be pressed；In the marked harmonic wave of two current frequency bands to be pressed of selection In sampling point, difference judges the current frequency to be pressed of each harmonic wave sampling point of two current frequency bands to be pressed one by one Whether the mean amplitude of tide of the half-wave of band is greater than the mean amplitude of tide of the half-wave of the standard bands and the product of interpolating function；If so, The compression process of harmonic noise is then carried out to the seismic channel data of the harmonic wave sampling point；It is described currently wait press by pressed two The frequency band adjacent with the standard bands is as next standard bands in frequency band processed；Until the next standard frequency currently chosen Band is the last one frequency band；

Data reconstruction module obtains pressedly for seismic channel data after the corresponding compacting of each frequency band to be reconstructed Shake track data.

8. device according to claim 7, which is characterized in that described device further include:

Parameter setting module, for the minimum frequency of harmonic noise to be arrangedAnd according to institute The minimum frequency for stating harmonic noise determines the maximum cycle of the harmonic noise corresponding with the minimum frequencyWherein, f_minIndicate the minimum frequency of harmonic noise, f_beginIndicate opening for the normal wavelet amplitude of seismic channel Beginning frequency, f_endIndicate the end frequency of the normal wavelet amplitude of seismic channel, f_harmIndicate the harmonic noise frequency for starting to identify, n_zeroIndicate the maximum cycle of harmonic noise.

9. device according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the harmonic wave spot identification includes: with press unit

Shallow-layer harmonic wave spot identification subelement then judges each for being located at the shallow-layer of seismic channel data when the harmonic wave sampling point Whether the mean amplitude of tide of the half-wave of the current frequency band to be pressed of the harmonic wave sampling point is greater than the half-wave of the standard bands Mean amplitude of tide and shallow-layer interpolating function p₁(t) product；

Mid-deep strata harmonic wave spot identification subelement then judges for being located at the mid-deep strata of seismic channel data when the harmonic wave sampling point Whether the mean amplitude of tide of the half-wave of the current frequency band to be pressed of each harmonic wave sampling point is greater than the half of the standard bands The mean amplitude of tide and mid-deep strata interpolating function p of wave₂(t) product.

10. device according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the shallow-layer interpolating function isThe mid-deep strata interpolating function is；

11. device according to claim 10, which is characterized in that the harmonic wave spot identification includes: with press unit

Shallow-layer harmonic wave sampling point suppresses subelement, when for being located at the shallow-layer of seismic channel data when the harmonic wave sampling point, then according to public affairs FormulaIt is humorous to needing to suppress in the current frequency band k to be pressed adjacent with the standard bands k-1 The corresponding seismic traces data of wave sampling point t carry out harmonic wave compression process；And according to formulaTo institute State the corresponding original earthquake of harmonic wave sampling point t for needing to suppress in second frequency band k+1 to be pressed after standard bands k-1 Track data carries out harmonic wave compression process；

Mid-deep strata harmonic wave sampling point suppresses subelement, when for being located at the mid-deep strata of seismic channel data when the harmonic wave sampling point, then root According to formulaTo needing to suppress in adjacent with the standard bands k-1 current frequency band k to be pressed The corresponding seismic traces data of harmonic wave sampling point t carry out harmonic wave compression process；And according to formula The harmonic wave sampling point t for needing to suppress in frequency band k+1 to be pressed described to second after the standard bands k-1 is corresponding original Seismic channel data carries out harmonic wave compression process；

12. according to the described in any item devices of claim 7-11, which is characterized in that the data reconstruction module includes:

Data reconstruction unit, for according to formulaDetermine pressed seismic channel data, wherein t indicates sampling point Number variable,Indicate in frequency band k seismic channel data, n after the corresponding compacting of sampling point t_fnumIt indicates to divide obtained frequency band sum.