CN105883790A - Low-temperature-stripping modified graphene and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Low-temperature-stripping modified graphene and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN105883790A
CN105883790A CN201610357349.XA CN201610357349A CN105883790A CN 105883790 A CN105883790 A CN 105883790A CN 201610357349 A CN201610357349 A CN 201610357349A CN 105883790 A CN105883790 A CN 105883790A
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grapheme modified
graphene
low temperature
graphite
preparation
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黄佳
王贝贝
张劲
吴小晗
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Tongji University
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/362Composites
    • H01M4/364Composites as mixtures
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/58Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
    • H01M4/581Chalcogenides or intercalation compounds thereof
    • H01M4/5815Sulfides
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/58Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
    • H01M4/583Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
    • H01M4/587Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx for inserting or intercalating light metals
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2204/00Structure or properties of graphene
    • C01B2204/04Specific amount of layers or specific thickness
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01PINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2002/00Crystal-structural characteristics
    • C01P2002/80Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured data other than those specified in group C01P2002/70
    • C01P2002/82Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured data other than those specified in group C01P2002/70 by IR- or Raman-data
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01PINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2004/00Particle morphology
    • C01P2004/01Particle morphology depicted by an image
    • C01P2004/03Particle morphology depicted by an image obtained by SEM
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

The invention relates to a low-temperature-stripping modified graphene and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: inserting ammino ions formed by alkali metals in liquid ammonia into graphene interlayers to strip graphite, thereby obtaining thin-lamella graphene; and carrying out reaction on ammino electrons and modifying groups in the graphene lamella defective sites to obtain the modified graphene. Compared with the prior art, the shape analysis and structure analysis indicate that the modified graphene have the advantages of thin lamellae, complete structure, and high dispersity and stability in water and NMP (N-methylpyrrolidone). Meanwhile, the modified graphene can be compounded with metal oxides and transition metal disulfides to obtain the stable-structure composite materials.

Description

A kind of low temperature stripping is grapheme modified and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of grapheme modified preparation method, especially relate to one and utilize low-temperature liquid ammonia-alkali gold Belong to graft process and peel off grapheme modified method.
Background technology
Since within 2004, finding Graphene first, two-dimensional material Graphene is led at physics due to the character of its excellence Territory, chemical field, Material Field arouse widespread concern and study.The electric property of Graphene uniqueness is The main cause that it receives much concern.Experiment shows Graphene to have under high electron mobility, room temperature to exceed 15,000cm2V S-1;Far above other semi-conducting material.Except outstanding electric conductivity, Graphene also has excellent Different thermal conductivity, mechanical property and optical property.Outward, Graphene also has the specific surface area of superelevation (up to ratio 2,630m2/g), in conjunction with its electric property, have non-in fields such as lithium ion battery, ultracapacitor, sensors The application prospect of Chang Keguan.Therefore, how according to application demand, the stone of different performance is carried out with acceptable cost The production of ink alkene has become as the problem that this field is the most in the urgent need to address.At present, the method master of Graphene is prepared Mechanical stripping method to be included, chemical vapour deposition technique and chemical stripping method.
The stripping being prepared on a large scale Graphene mostly is chemical stripping method.Chemical stripping method is " from top to bottom ", profit With strong oxidizer Graphene carried out intercalation, oxidation, thus obtain small pieces graphene oxide (graphene oxide, GO) method.Owing to being with relatively weak Van der Waals force connection between each lamella of graphite, at strong oxidizer Under intercalation and oxidation, each lamella of graphite can be degraded open form and become the graphene oxide of individual layer.The advantage that this method is maximum Be to prepare on a large scale, and the graphene oxide obtained can be stably dispersed in multi-solvents, as water, DMF and NMP etc..And shortcoming is: owing to this method can be inevitable during chemical oxidation and intercalation Ground forms many defects and functional group on graphene sheet layer, causes the conduction that Graphene many premium properties are the best Property etc. can partly or entirely disappear.The most the most frequently used stripping means is graphite oxidation reducing process, the most first by graphite oxygen Change, more ultrasonic, finally reduce, prepare Graphene.But the method process is complicated, time-consuming, and the graphite of preparation Alkene structure is destroyed, and the existence of residual oxygen functional group makes its electric conductivity decline.Therefore, find one and prepare simply, And the method that the Graphene of more complete structure can be obtained, it is significantly.
Chinese patent CN 102320598A discloses the preparation method of a kind of Graphene.Graphite oxide is added molten Have in the liquid ammonia solution of reducing metal and react, be obtained after subsequent separation Graphene.The method is to graphite oxide Reduction abundant, and product is easily separated, and purge process is relatively easy.This patent is on the basis of being graphite oxide Reduction obtains Graphene, although purge process is relatively easy, but needs first to prepare graphite oxide, from graphite to oxidation The whole preparation process of graphite is relatively complicated, and reaction condition requires height, big energy-consuming.Its oxygen reduction prepared Although functionalized graphene reduction is more thorough, but the defect of graphene sheet layer and imperfection can make the physics of its excellence Chemical property is difficult to keep.
Summary of the invention
Defect that the purpose of the present invention is contemplated to overcome above-mentioned prior art to exist and provide a kind of economical, easy, The grapheme modified preparation method of structural integrity.
Another object of the present invention is to prepare low temperature to peel off grapheme modified.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of low temperature peels off grapheme modified preparation method, and the ammino ion utilizing alkali metal to be formed in liquefied ammonia is inserted Entering between graphene layer and obtain, with stripping graphite, the Graphene that lamella is relatively thin, ammino electronics and modification group are at Graphene The reaction of lamella defect sites obtains grapheme modified, specifically uses following steps:
(1) by graphite dispersion in NMP ultrasonic, then suction filtration, drying;
(2) in dry ice/ethanol bath, liquefied ammonia is collected;
(3) in liquefied ammonia, successively add the graphite after drying, alkali metal, modification group, stir 1-3h;
(4) step (3) 3-5 time is repeated;
(5) reactant is stirred overnight, and makes liquefied ammonia slowly volatilize completely;
(6) extraction, obtains grapheme modified;
(7) by products therefrom suction filtration post-drying, grapheme modified solid is obtained;
(8) grapheme modified being dissolved in after the aqueous solution is centrifuged is taken supernatant, obtain the grapheme modified of stable dispersion The aqueous solution, is product.
Preferably, the liquefied ammonia of collection is 70-150mL:50mg with the graphite ratio of addition
Preferably, in step (3), graphite, alkali metal, the mol ratio of modification group are 1:1.5-6:2-10
It is further preferred that alkali metal is sodium or lithium or its mixture, modification group be 3-bromo-propionic acid, 6-bromocaproic acid, One or more in 1-bromine ten alkane or 1-bromo-dodecane.
Preferably, step (2)-(4) are carried out under the reaction condition of anhydrous and oxygen-free.
Preferably, step (6), according to required grapheme modified Acidity of Aikalinity, selects different extracting process.
It is further preferred that use NaOH solution and the n-hexane extraction of pH=10-12, obtain the modification stone of meta-alkalescence Ink alkene;Use HCl solution and the ethanol filtering and washing of pH=4-5, obtain the grapheme modified of slant acidity.
The low temperature utilizing said method to prepare is peeled off grapheme modified.
Compared with prior art, the present invention obtains grapheme modified for directly peeling off and modify graphite, is possible not only to Obtain the Graphene of structural integrity, it is also possible to according to required property, modify group of different nature to graphite On alkene lamella, obtain special grapheme modified of performance, as water solubility is the most grapheme modified, have following excellent Point:
1. this preparation method is simply, easily operate;
2. the Graphene that prepared by this method is difficult to remain other organic solvents and harmful substance;
3. showing through morphology analysis and structural analysis, modification group has modification to graphene sheet layer, and modifies Graphene sheet layer is relatively thin, and structure is more complete, disperses all preferably and stable in water and in NMP.Because of modification group For hydrophilic carboxyl so that its dispersiveness in water is improved, maintain complete graphene-structured because of it again, Its dispersiveness in NMP is not destroyed;
4. select, with modification group of different nature, the modification with particular characteristic to be obtained according to this method Graphene;
5., by grapheme modified for lithium ion battery negative material, the composite of stable performance can be obtained.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the grapheme modified surface topography schematic diagram prepared;
Fig. 2 is the grapheme modified Raman spectrum schematic diagram prepared.
Fig. 3 is that the composite of the grapheme modified and molybdenum bisuphide prepared is as lithium ion battery negative material The cycle charge discharge electrical property schematic diagram of material.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, The present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only in order to explain The present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
Liquefied ammonia auxiliary selected by the present invention separates modification method (liquefied ammonia-alkali metal graft process) and utilizes intrinsic Graphene The character of the condensed-nuclei aromatics of lamella, will be dissolved in liquefied ammonia generation ammino electronics by alkali metal so that on graphene sheet layer Defect sites and edge and halogenated hydrocarbons there is affine replacement, thus graphite is peeled off and modifies thus repaiied Decorations Graphene (lamella).The electron cloud of graphene carbon skeleton rich surrounding causes it to be easy to carry out pi-pi accumulation, Form the graphite-structure of multilayer.Graphenic surface smoother simultaneously, directly as composite substrate, other thing Matter is difficult to absorption, and composite structure is unstable.The present invention modifies group by the while of separate for Graphene, intercalation At graphene film interlayer, thus stop the gathering of Graphene.Meanwhile, the group modified is as the base of composite Point, makes be combined metal sulfide and metal oxide be coated on around group, forms stable composite construction.
Therefore, the invention provides the preparation method of a kind of Graphene being applied to lithium ion battery, concrete use with Lower step: step one, by graphite ultrasonic 30-50min in NMP, then suction filtration, drying;Step 2, Dry ice/ethanol bath is collected a certain amount of liquefied ammonia;Step 3, in liquefied ammonia add dry after graphite, alkali metal, Modification group, stirs 1-3h;Step 4, repetition step 3 3-5 time;Step 5, reactant are stirred overnight, and make Liquefied ammonia slowly volatilizees completely;Step 6, extraction;Step 7, by the water-phase product suction filtration post-drying of gained, must repair Decorations Graphene solid.Step 8, by grapheme modified be dissolved in the aqueous solution centrifugal after take supernatant, obtain stable dispersion The grapheme modified aqueous solution.
In step 2 to four courses of reaction, reaction system inert gas to be led to, such as nitrogen, argon gas keeps nothing The reaction condition of water anaerobic, it is to avoid in course of reaction, alkali metal and modification group occur anti-with the water in air or oxygen Should so that react more controlled, product purity is higher.
In step 3, the graphite of addition, alkali metal, the ratio of amount of material of modification group are 1:1.5-6:2-10, Adding solution colour moment aobvious indigo plant after alkali metal, after adding modification group, blueness is taken off.
In step 3, described alkali metal is metallic sodium or lithium metal or its mixture.
In step 3, described modification group is in 3-bromo-propionic acid, 6-bromocaproic acid, 1-bromine ten alkane, 1-bromo-dodecane The combination of one or more.
In step 6, according to required grapheme modified Acidity of Aikalinity, select different extracting process.Wherein, With NaOH solution and the n-hexane extraction of pH=10-12, obtain the grapheme modified of meta-alkalescence;The HCl of pH=4-5 Solution and ethanol filtering and washing, obtain the grapheme modified of slant acidity.
In step 8, centrifugal power is 4000r/min, centrifugal 10min, takes supernatant, the most thoroughly Analysis.
The one illustrating the present invention by the following examples utilizes liquefied ammonia-alkali metal graft process preparation to modify stone The method of ink alkene.
Embodiment 1
Take 70mg graphite ultrasonic 30min in 50mL NMP, then suction filtration, drying.There-necked flask is collected 70mL liquefied ammonia, and add the graphite 50mg after drying, metallic sodium 200mg, solution moment display blueness;Add After entering 3-bromo-propionic acid 1.74g, blueness is taken off;Solution is allowed to stir 1h;Repeat aforesaid operations 3 times.Then, instead Answer system to be stirred overnight, and make liquefied ammonia slowly volatilize completely during the course.In remaining solid matter, add NaOH solution 300mL of pH=10-12, solid matter is all dissolved by stirring;It is then transferred into separatory funnel Middle n-hexane extraction, phase of fetching water after rocking standing;By the water-phase product filtering and washing post-drying of gained, obtain modification Graphene solid.In order to separate the Graphene of unstripped modification, by grapheme modified soluble in water and be centrifuged, take Clear liquid, obtains the grapheme modified aqueous solution of stable dispersion.
Showing through morphology analysis and structural analysis, grapheme modified lamella is relatively thin, and sectional area is relatively big, and interlamellar spacing Relatively Graphene increases, and structure is more complete, disperses all preferably and stable in water and in NMP.With reference to Fig. 1, institute Obtaining grapheme modified SEM, graphene film layer thickness is at ten a few to tens of ran, and cross section is relatively Greatly.
Embodiment 2
Take 70mg graphite ultrasonic 30min in 50mL NMP, then suction filtration, drying.There-necked flask is collected 70mL liquefied ammonia, and add the graphite 50mg after drying, metallic sodium 200mg, solution moment display blueness, so Rear addition 6-bromocaproic acid 2g, stirs 1h;Repeat 3 times.Then, reaction system is stirred overnight, and in mistake Journey make liquefied ammonia slowly volatilize completely.In remaining solid matter, add the HCl solution 300mL of pH=4-5, Solid matter is completely dispersed in the solution by stirring;Being subsequently adding absolute ethyl alcohol 100mL, it is unnecessary that stirring dissolves 6-bromocaproic acid.By gained mixed liquor suction filtration, successively take out wash with ethanol, water, ethanol, gained solid is dried, To grapheme modified solid.
Gained solid is tested Raman collection of illustrative plates, with reference to Fig. 2, grapheme modified ID:IG=1.207 (ratio can be obtained Unmodified Graphene is high), illustrate that modification group has modification to graphene sheet layer.
Embodiment 3
In Example two, the grapheme modified 15mg of gained is in 30mL deionized water, stirs, and adds 174mg sodium molybdate and 180mg Cys, after stirring 2h, be put in mixed liquor in high-temperature high-pressure reaction kettle React 20 hours at 200 DEG C.Afterwards, reactor is cooled down, take out gained liquid, obtain after filtering and washing Molybdenum bisuphide and grapheme modified composite.Composite is made lithium ion battery negative, is assembled into half electricity Chi Hou, tests its cycle performance.
With reference to Fig. 3, after prepared lithium ion battery circulates at 100, stable performance, and specific capacity remains to protect Hold at 868mA h g-1
Embodiment 4
A kind of low temperature peels off grapheme modified preparation method, and the ammino ion utilizing alkali metal to be formed in liquefied ammonia is inserted Entering between graphene layer and obtain, with stripping graphite, the Graphene that lamella is relatively thin, ammino electronics and modification group are at Graphene The reaction of lamella defect sites obtains grapheme modified, specifically uses following steps:
(1) by graphite dispersion in NMP ultrasonic, then suction filtration, drying;
(2) in dry ice/ethanol bath, liquefied ammonia is collected;
(3) under the reaction condition of anhydrous and oxygen-free, successively add in liquefied ammonia the graphite after drying, alkali metal, Modification group, stirs 1h, and wherein, the liquefied ammonia of collection is 70mL:50mg with the graphite ratio of addition, graphite, Alkali metal, the mol ratio of modification group are 1:1.5:2, and the alkali metal of use is sodium, and modification group is 3-bromo-propionic acid;
(4) step (3) 3-5 time is repeated;
(5) reactant is stirred overnight, and makes liquefied ammonia slowly volatilize completely;
(6) extraction, obtain grapheme modified, in the present embodiment, use pH=10-12 NaOH solution and N-hexane extraction, obtains the grapheme modified of meta-alkalescence;
(7) by products therefrom suction filtration post-drying, grapheme modified solid is obtained;
(8) grapheme modified being dissolved in after the aqueous solution is centrifuged is taken supernatant, obtain the grapheme modified of stable dispersion The aqueous solution, is product.
Embodiment 5
A kind of low temperature peels off grapheme modified preparation method, and the ammino ion utilizing alkali metal to be formed in liquefied ammonia is inserted Entering between graphene layer and obtain, with stripping graphite, the Graphene that lamella is relatively thin, ammino electronics and modification group are at Graphene The reaction of lamella defect sites obtains grapheme modified, specifically uses following steps:
(1) by graphite dispersion in NMP ultrasonic, then suction filtration, drying;
(2) in dry ice/ethanol bath, liquefied ammonia is collected;
(3) under the reaction condition of anhydrous and oxygen-free, successively add in liquefied ammonia the graphite after drying, alkali metal, Modification group, stirs 3h, and wherein, the liquefied ammonia of collection is 150mL:50mg with the graphite ratio of addition, graphite, Alkali metal, the mol ratio of modification group are 1:6:10, and the alkali metal of use is the mixture of sodium and potassium, modification group For 1-bromine ten alkane and the mixture of 1-bromo-dodecane;
(4) step (3) 3-5 time is repeated;
(5) reactant is stirred overnight, and makes liquefied ammonia slowly volatilize completely;
(6) extraction, obtains grapheme modified, in the present embodiment, uses HCl solution and the ethanol of pH=4-5 Filtering and washing, obtains the grapheme modified of slant acidity;
(7) by products therefrom suction filtration post-drying, grapheme modified solid is obtained;
(8) grapheme modified being dissolved in after the aqueous solution is centrifuged is taken supernatant, obtain the grapheme modified of stable dispersion The aqueous solution, is product.
The foregoing is only embodiments of the invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all spirit in the present invention With any amendment, equivalent and the improvement etc. made within principle, should be included in protection scope of the present invention it In.

Claims (10)

1. a low temperature peels off grapheme modified preparation method, it is characterised in that the method utilizes alkali metal to exist The ammino ion formed in liquefied ammonia is inserted between graphene layer and obtains the Graphene that lamella is relatively thin, ammino with stripping graphite Electronics and modification group obtain grapheme modified in the reaction of graphene sheet layer defect sites.
A kind of low temperature the most according to claim 1 peels off grapheme modified preparation method, it is characterised in that Specifically use following steps:
(1) by graphite dispersion in NMP ultrasonic, then suction filtration, drying;
(2) in dry ice/ethanol bath, liquefied ammonia is collected;
(3) in liquefied ammonia, successively add the graphite after drying, alkali metal, modification group, stir 1-3h;
(4) step (3) 3-5 time is repeated;
(5) reactant is stirred overnight, and makes liquefied ammonia slowly volatilize completely;
(6) extraction, obtains grapheme modified;
(7) by products therefrom suction filtration post-drying, grapheme modified solid is obtained;
(8) grapheme modified being dissolved in after the aqueous solution is centrifuged is taken supernatant, obtain the grapheme modified of stable dispersion The aqueous solution, is product.
A kind of low temperature the most according to claim 2 peels off grapheme modified preparation method, it is characterised in that The liquefied ammonia collected is 70-150mL:50mg with the graphite ratio of addition.
A kind of low temperature the most according to claim 2 peels off grapheme modified preparation method, it is characterised in that In step (3), graphite, alkali metal, the mol ratio of modification group are 1:1.5-6:2-10.
5. peel off grapheme modified preparation method, its feature according to a kind of low temperature described in claim 2 or 4 Being, described alkali metal is sodium or lithium or its mixture.
6. peel off grapheme modified preparation method, its feature according to a kind of low temperature described in claim 2 or 4 Be, described modification group be the one in 3-bromo-propionic acid, 6-bromocaproic acid, 1-bromine ten alkane or 1-bromo-dodecane or Several.
A kind of low temperature the most according to claim 2 peels off grapheme modified preparation method, it is characterised in that Step (2)-(4) are carried out under the reaction condition of anhydrous and oxygen-free.
A kind of low temperature the most according to claim 2 peels off grapheme modified preparation method, it is characterised in that Step (6), according to required grapheme modified Acidity of Aikalinity, selects different extracting process.
A kind of low temperature the most according to claim 8 peels off grapheme modified preparation method, it is characterised in that Use NaOH solution and the n-hexane extraction of pH=10-12, obtain the grapheme modified of meta-alkalescence;Use pH=4-5 HCl solution and ethanol filtering and washing, obtain the grapheme modified of slant acidity.
10. the low temperature that method prepares as claimed in any one of claims 1-9 wherein is peeled off grapheme modified.
CN201610357349.XA 2016-05-26 2016-05-26 Low-temperature-stripping modified graphene and preparation method thereof Pending CN105883790A (en)

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CN109179392A (en) * 2018-09-05 2019-01-11 七台河宝泰隆石墨烯新材料有限公司 A kind of technique of improved chemical method production graphene
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Cited By (5)

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CN107934946A (en) * 2017-12-13 2018-04-20 北京大学 Graphene powder and preparation method thereof
CN108358193A (en) * 2018-01-31 2018-08-03 黑龙江大学 The method that room temperature volatilization uniform deposition prepares graphene/metal oxide-compound
CN109179392A (en) * 2018-09-05 2019-01-11 七台河宝泰隆石墨烯新材料有限公司 A kind of technique of improved chemical method production graphene
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CN114180568A (en) * 2021-12-22 2022-03-15 湖南宸宇富基新能源科技有限公司 Pretreated microcrystalline graphite, negative electrode active material, and preparation and application thereof

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