CN105873349B - A kind of ion accelerating tube - Google Patents
A kind of ion accelerating tube Download PDFInfo
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- CN105873349B CN105873349B CN201610398092.2A CN201610398092A CN105873349B CN 105873349 B CN105873349 B CN 105873349B CN 201610398092 A CN201610398092 A CN 201610398092A CN 105873349 B CN105873349 B CN 105873349B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/54—Plasma accelerators
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of ion accelerating tube, the accelerating tube is used for electrostatic high-pressure type ion accelerator.The ion accelerating tube of the present invention uses Modular Structure Design, and the accelerating potential of each ion accelerating tube module is 250kV or so, and a number of ion accelerating tube block coupled in series gets up, and can obtain required superelevation accelerating potential.Ion accelerating tube module is divided into strong-focusing accelerating region and space charge neutralization area, for eliminating ion beam self space charge effect, can accelerate ion beam of the transmission more than 1mA.Meanwhile ion accelerating tube module also has secondary electron high inhibition structure, in extra-high voltage acceleration system of the composition more than 5MV terminal voltages, the appearance of " full voltage effect " can be effectively prevented.The ion accelerating tube of the present invention can obtain terminal voltage and exceed 1mA direct-current ion beam more than 5MV, beam intensity.The ion accelerating tube of the present invention is adapted to apply in fields such as ion implanting, ion beam therapy tumour, nucleopore membranes production, neutron photographies.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Nuclear Technology and Applications field, and in particular to a kind of ion accelerating tube.
Background technology
Before high energy intense pulsed ion beam has a very wide range of applications in terms of material modification, oncotherapy and the Physical Experiment
Scape, at present, a kind of mode are to use radiofrequency ion accelerator, can provide energy and exceed 1mA high current more than 3MeV, beam intensity
Ion beam, still, technical difficulty are high, and caused ion beam can dissipate greatly；Another mode is added using electrostatic high-pressure ion
Fast device, ion beam can dissipate smaller, and the energy conversion efficiency of complete machine is high, and operating cost is low, is adapted to commercial applications, still, in beam
When intensity of flow is more than 1mA, terminal voltage is than relatively low, in below 1MV.《The physical Design of 400 kV high intensity proton beams》（Core
Periodical《Atomic energy science and technology》, in December, 2012, the 12nd phase of volume 46）A kind of electrostatic high-pressure ion accelerator is disclosed,
The ion beam that beam intensity is up to hundred milliamperes of ranks can be exported, its terminal voltage is in below 1MV.《China's high-voltage accelerator technology
And application progress》（2004, the 7th national member representative assembly of particle accelerator association and symposium）Disclose end
Voltage exceedes 5MV electrostatic high-pressure ion accelerator, but beam intensity is not high, within 300uA.
At present, lack simple in construction, can be used for more than 5MV terminal voltages, electrostatic high-pressure of the beam intensity more than 1mA from
Sub- accelerating tube.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to provide a kind of ion accelerating tube.
The ion accelerating tube of the present invention, is characterized in, described ion accelerating tube includes inlet focus and accelerates electrode I, enters
Mouth, which focuses on, accelerates electrode II, and centre accelerates electrode I, middle to accelerate electrode II, and outlet, which defocuses, accelerates electrode I, and outlet defocuses acceleration
Electrode II, entrance prevent electrode, drift tube, and outlet prevents electrode；Ion beam is entering the injection of opening's edge axis, accelerates electrode focusing on
I and inlet focus accelerate electrode II section to obtain electric field acceleration and focusing, enter afterwards among accelerate electrode I and middle accelerate electricity
Pole II obtains electric field acceleration, enter afterwards inlet/outlet defocus accelerate electrode I and outlet defocus accelerate electrode II obtain electric field acceleration and
Defocus, then, ion beam prevents electrode by entrance, and into drift tube, finally, ion beam prevents electrode from exporting from outlet；
Described inlet focus accelerates the trochoidal surface that the entrance of electrode I is tilt alpha angle, and the aperture of entrance is d1, α
The scope at angle is 20 °~40 °, and interlude is to wait straight section, and the aperture for waiting straight section is d2, and outlet section is cirque structure, outlet section
Internal diameter be d3, d1<d3<d2；
Diameter d4 circular hole flat board, d3 are opened centered on described inlet focus acceleration electrode II<d4；
Diameter d5 circular hole flat board is opened among described centered on acceleration electrode I, centre accelerates to open directly centered on electrode II
Footpath d6 circular hole flat board, d4<D5, d5=d6；
Described outlet, which defocuses, accelerates electrode I to accelerate the structure of electrode II consistent with inlet focus, accelerates with inlet focus
Electrode II is in specular arrangement, d7=d4；
Described outlet, which defocuses, accelerates electrode II to accelerate the structure of electrode I consistent with inlet focus, accelerates with inlet focus
Electrode I is in specular arrangement, d8=d3, d9=d2, d10=d1.
Described entrance prevents electrode and outlet from preventing electrode from having identical current potential, and current potential is less than the current potential of drift tube.
Described drift tube defocuses with outlet accelerates the current potential of electrode identical.
The external operating environment of described ion accelerating tube is the SF6 gases under 5-8 atmospheric pressure.
The ion accelerating tube general structure of the present invention is divided into two big regions：High gradient accelerating region, space charge neutralization area.Add
Equally distributed, voltage gradient is compressed, in than relatively low electrode slice from accelerating tube both ends along axis to middle part on the outside of fast pipe
Between section form high gradient accelerating region, while leave at the both ends of accelerating tube the space charge neutralization area of no accelerating field.It is high
Gradient advanced area has strong-focusing ability, can offset the space charge effect of milliampere level ion beam, completes accelerated ion beam
While, moreover it is possible to shaped ion beam into strong-focusing, ensure the smooth transmission of ion beam.In space charge neutralization area, ion beam touches
Ionization residual gas molecule is hit, forms electron cloud, offsets the space charge effect of ion beam so that the angle of scattering of ion beam will not
Rapid growth, ensure that ion beam smoothly transmits.High gradient accelerating region includes inlet focus and accelerates electrode I, inlet focus to accelerate electricity
Pole II, centre accelerate electrode I, middle acceleration electrode II, outlet defocuses acceleration electrode I, outlet defocuses and accelerates electrode II；Entrance gathers
It is tilt alpha angle trochoidal surface that Jiao, which accelerates the entrance of electrode I, and the aperture of entrance is d1, and the scope at α angles is 20 °~40 °, in
Between section be indent drum surface, the aperture of interlude is d2, and outlet section is cirque structure, and the aperture of outlet section is d3, d1<
d3<D2, it is d4, d3 that inlet focus, which accelerates the aperture of electrode II,<D4, inlet focus accelerate electrode I and inlet focus to accelerate electrode
II together, and the focusing electric field of strong indent is formed in porch, and ion beam is accelerated and strong-focusing.Outlet defocuses acceleration electrode
I accelerates the structure of electrode II consistent with inlet focus, is arranged in specular, d7=d4, and outlet, which defocuses, accelerates electrode II and entrance
Focus on and accelerate the structure of electrode I consistent, arranged in specular, d8=d3, d9=d2, d10=d1, outlet, which defocuses, accelerates the He of electrode I
Outlet, which defocuses, accelerates electrode II together, and the electric field that defocuses of strong evagination is formed in exit, and ion beam, which obtains, to be accelerated and defocus by force.
The combined effect that entrance strong-focusing and outlet defocus by force is to form strong-focusing characteristic.Due to import and export both ends electrode slice close to from
Beamlet running track, is easily bombarded by stray ion, produces offspring, therefore, imports and exports the electrode slice updip at both ends
Oblique surface and the surface of circular arc, local dip electric field is formed, to the caused oblique acceleration of offspring on neighbouring electrode slice,
Make its off-center track quickly, bombard on other electrode slices, it is impossible to form the transmission and acceleration of long range, it is suppressed that formed
The approach of cascade collision passage, so as to avoid accelerating tube that " full voltage effect " occurs.Centre accelerates electrode I and middle acceleration electricity
Pole II is only more much larger than the aperture on the electrode slice of import and export to ion accelerate (beamacceleration), its open pore size, can be from excessive spuious
Ions Bombardment.Space charge neutralization area prevents electrode, outlet from preventing electrode and drift pipe from forming by entrance, drift pipe current potential and height
The outlet in gradient advanced area, which defocuses, accelerates electrode II identical, and entrance prevents electrode and outlet from preventing the current potential of electrode than drift pipe
Current potential is low.Residual gas molecule inside drift pipe, under the collision of ion beam, produce substantial amounts of electronics and cation, just from
Son is extrapolated by ion beam, is scattered on drift tube wall.Electronics is gathered near ion beam path under the attraction of ion beam, shape
Into electron cloud, ion beam passes through in electron cloud, and electron cloud offsets most of space charge effect caused by ion beam, ion beam
Will not fast spread, relatively good beam transfer quality can be kept, be easy to follow-up accelerating tube smoothly accelerate transmit ion beam.Floaing
Pipe both ends are moved, entrance prevents electrode and outlet from preventing the negative potential of electrode that secondary electron caused by inside drift pipe will be prevented to overflow
Go out, be advantageous to keep high density electron cloud inside drift pipe.Connected between ion accelerating tube with adpting flange, bucking electrode is used
To protect insulating supporting ring not bombarded by stray particulate, entrance prevents electrode and outlet from preventing the negative potential of electrode by high-voltage connecting
Terminal introduces.
The ion accelerating tube of the present invention, more piece ion accelerating tube are together in series, and can obtain terminal voltage more than 5MV, line
Intensity exceedes 1mA ion accelerating tube.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the ion accelerating tube of the present invention；
In figure, 1. inlet focus accelerate the inlet focus of electrode I 2. to accelerate to accelerate among electrode I 4. among electrode II 3.
Accelerating the outlet of electrode II 5. to defocus the outlet of acceleration electrode I 6. and defocus accelerates the entrance of electrode II 7. to prevent the drift tube of electrode 8.
9. outlet prevents the high tension terminal of 12. insulating supporting ring of electrode 10. adpting flange, 11. bucking electrode 13..
Embodiment
Describe the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The ion accelerating tube of the present invention, described ion accelerating tube include inlet focus and accelerate electrode I 1, and inlet focus adds
Fast electrode II 2, centre accelerate electrode I 3, and centre accelerates electrode II 4, and outlet, which defocuses, accelerates electrode I 5, and outlet defocuses acceleration electrode
II 6, entrance prevents electrode 7, drift tube 8, and outlet prevents electrode 9；Ion beam is entering the injection of opening's edge axis, accelerates electrode focusing on
I 1 and inlet focus accelerate electrode II 2 section to obtain electric field acceleration and focusing, enter afterwards among accelerate electrode I 3 and it is middle plus
Fast electrode II 4 obtains electric field acceleration, enters inlet/outlet afterwards and defocus to accelerate electrode I 5 and outlet to defocus and accelerate electrode II 6 to obtain electric field
Accelerate and defocus, then, ion beam prevents electrode 7 by entrance, and into drift tube 8, finally, ion beam prevents electrode from outlet
9 outputs；
Described inlet focus accelerates the trochoidal surface that the entrance of electrode I 1 is tilt alpha angle, and the aperture of entrance is d1,
The scope at α angles is 20 °~40 °, and interlude is to wait straight section, and the aperture for waiting straight section is d2, and outlet section is cirque structure, outlet section
Internal diameter be d3, d1<d3<d2；
Diameter d4 circular hole flat board, d3 are opened centered on described inlet focus acceleration electrode II 2<d4；
Diameter d5 circular hole flat board is opened among described centered on acceleration electrode I 3, centre accelerates to open centered on electrode II 4
Diameter d6 circular hole flat board, d4<D5, d5=d6；
Described outlet, which defocuses, accelerates the structure of electrode I 5 and inlet focus acceleration electrode II 2 consistent, with inlet focus plus
Fast electrode II 2 is in specular arrangement, d7=d4；
Described outlet, which defocuses, accelerates the structure of electrode II 6 and inlet focus acceleration electrode I 1 consistent, with inlet focus plus
Fast electrode I 1 is in specular arrangement, d8=d3, d9=d2, d10=d1.
Described entrance prevents electrode 7 and outlet from preventing electrode 9 from having identical current potential, and current potential is less than the electricity of drift tube 8
Position.
Described drift tube 8 defocuses with outlet accelerates the current potential of electrode 6 identical.
The external operating environment of described ion accelerating tube is the SF6 gases under 5-8 atmospheric pressure.
X, Y, Z in figure are coordinate system.
Embodiment 1
The ion beam of accelerated transmission is deuterium ion beam, beam intensity 1mA, often saves and accelerates tube module both end voltage 250kV,
Length 200mm, average accelerating gradient 1.25MV/m, 13 grades of ceramic insulation ring, external operating environment are 0.6MPa high pressure SF6Gas
The aperture that body, inlet focus acceleration electrode I 1 and outlet defocus acceleration electrode II 6 is 30mm, the entry accelerated He of focusing electrode II 2
The aperture that outlet defocuses acceleration electrode I 5 is 50mm, and it is 70mm that centre, which accelerates the aperture of electrode I 3 and middle acceleration electrode II 4, drift
The length 80mm of pipe 8 is moved, prevents electrode 7 identical with the current potential of electrode 9 is prevented, it is lower 2kV than the current potential of drift tube 8.20 section identicals
Ion accelerating tube module assembled together, forms length as 4 meters, and total accelerating potential is 5MV super-pressure high current ion accelerating tube,
Energy 5MeV, beam intensity 1mA are exported, beam cross section diameter is less than 15mm deuterium ion beam.
Embodiment 2
The ion beam of accelerated transmission is proton beam, beam intensity 2mA, often saves accelerating tube both end voltage 225kV, length
200mm, average accelerating gradient 1.125MV/m, 13 grades of ceramic insulation ring, external operating environment are 0.6MPa high pressure SF6Gas,
The aperture that inlet focus acceleration electrode I 1 and outlet defocus acceleration electrode II 6 is 30mm, entry accelerated focusing electrode II 2 and outlet
Defocus that to accelerate the aperture of electrode I 5 be 50mm, it is 70mm that centre, which accelerates the aperture of electrode I 3 and middle acceleration electrode II 4, drift tube
8 length 80mm, prevent electrode 7 identical with the current potential of electrode 9 is prevented, it is lower 2kV than the current potential of drift tube 8.36 section identicals accelerate
Pipe fits together, and forms length as 7.2 meters, total accelerating potential is 8MV super-pressure high current ion accelerating tube, exports energy
8MeV, beam intensity 2mA, beam cross section diameter are less than 10mm proton beam.
Finally it should be noted that above embodiment is merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention and it is unrestricted, to the greatest extent
The present invention is described in detail with reference to preferred embodiment for pipe, it will be understood by those within the art that, can be to this
The technical scheme of invention is modified or equivalent substitution, and without departing from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should
Cover among scope of the presently claimed invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of ion accelerating tube, it is characterised in that described ion accelerating tube includes inlet focus and accelerates electrode I（1）, entrance
Focus on and accelerate electrode II（2）, centre accelerates electrode I（3）, centre accelerates electrode II（4）, outlet, which defocuses, accelerates electrode I（5）, go out
Mouth, which defocuses, accelerates electrode II（6）, entrance prevention electrode（7）, drift tube（8）, outlet prevents electrode（9）；Ion beam is entering opening's edge
Axis injects, and accelerates electrode I focusing on（1）Accelerate electrode II with inlet focus（2）Section obtains electric field acceleration and focusing, afterwards
Accelerate electrode I into centre（3）Accelerate electrode II with centre（4）Electric field acceleration is obtained, enters inlet/outlet afterwards and defocuses acceleration electrode I
（5）Defocused with outlet and accelerate electrode II（6）Obtain electric field acceleration and defocus, then, ion beam prevents electrode by entrance（7）,
Into drift tube（8）, finally, ion beam prevents electrode from outlet（9）Output；
Described inlet focus accelerates electrode I（1）Entrance be tilt alpha angle trochoidal surface, the aperture of entrance is d1, α
The scope at angle is 20 °~40 °, and interlude is to wait straight section, and the aperture for waiting straight section is d2, and outlet section is cirque structure, outlet section
Internal diameter be d3, d1<d3<d2；
Described inlet focus accelerates electrode II（2）Centered on open diameter d4 circular hole flat board, d3<d4；
Accelerate electrode I among described（3）Centered on open diameter d5 circular hole flat board, centre accelerates electrode II（4）Centered on open
Diameter d6 circular hole flat board, d4<D5, d5=d6；
Described outlet, which defocuses, accelerates electrode I（5）Accelerate electrode II with inlet focus（2）Structure it is consistent, with inlet focus plus
Fast electrode II（2）Arranged in specular, d7=d4；
Described outlet, which defocuses, accelerates electrode II（6）Accelerate electrode I with inlet focus（1）Structure it is consistent, with inlet focus plus
Fast electrode I（1）Arranged in specular, d8=d3, d9=d2, d10=d1.
2. ion accelerating tube according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described entrance prevents electrode（7）Hindered with outlet
Only electrode（9）With identical current potential, current potential is less than drift tube（8）Current potential.
3. ion accelerating tube according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the drift tube（8）Acceleration electricity is defocused with outlet
Pole II（6）Current potential it is identical.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610398092.2A CN105873349B (en) | 2016-06-07 | 2016-06-07 | A kind of ion accelerating tube |
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| CN201610398092.2A CN105873349B (en) | 2016-06-07 | 2016-06-07 | A kind of ion accelerating tube |
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| CN106783466B (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2019-04-02 | 四川智研科技有限公司 | A kind of accelerated electron beam stream optical texture |
| CN107318213B (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2019-05-31 | 复旦大学 | The experimental provision of high electric conduction |
| CN107995767A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-05-04 | 中国科学技术大学 | A kind of arc plasma source of efficient stable |
| CN110072325B (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2021-06-18 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | High-voltage electrostatic accelerating tube for high-current ions |
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| US5365070A (en) * | 1992-04-29 | 1994-11-15 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Negative ion beam injection apparatus with magnetic shield and electron removal means |
| JP2004127691A (en) * | 2002-10-02 | 2004-04-22 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | Particle accelerator and its electron beam focusing method |
| GB0612915D0 (en) * | 2006-06-30 | 2006-08-09 | Nordiko Technical Services Ltd | Apparatus |
| CN103068140B (en) * | 2012-12-24 | 2015-05-06 | 江苏达胜加速器制造有限公司 | Electronic load restraining type high-voltage accelerating tube |
| CN203039995U (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2013-07-03 | 江苏达胜加速器制造有限公司 | Intermediate electrode and accelerating tube using same |
| CN104582230B (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2017-11-21 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | A kind of acceleration electrode of electrostatic accelerator |
| CN205726634U (en) * | 2016-06-07 | 2016-11-23 | 中国工程物理研究院核物理与化学研究所 | A kind of ion accelerating tube |
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