CN105865067B - Open type bidirectional thermodynamic cycle and second-class heat driving compression heat pump - Google Patents
Open type bidirectional thermodynamic cycle and second-class heat driving compression heat pump Download PDFInfo
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- CN105865067B CN105865067B CN201610240614.6A CN201610240614A CN105865067B CN 105865067 B CN105865067 B CN 105865067B CN 201610240614 A CN201610240614 A CN 201610240614A CN 105865067 B CN105865067 B CN 105865067B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/06—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point using expanders
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
- F25B1/10—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle with multi-stage compression
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
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Abstract
The invention provides an open bidirectional thermodynamic cycle and a second-class thermally driven compression heat pump, belonging to the technical field of heat energy utilization and heat pumps. The cold source medium forms an open bidirectional thermodynamic cycle from a low temperature starting pressure increasing process 12, a medium temperature heat source heat absorbing process 23, a medium temperature starting pressure increasing process 34, a high temperature heat source heat releasing process 45 and a high temperature starting pressure reducing process 56; the external part is provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the compressor, the compressor is provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the second compressor through a heat exchanger, the second compressor is provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the expander through a heat supplier, the expander is provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the external part, the heat exchanger is provided with a medium temperature heat medium channel communicated with the external part, the heat supplier is provided with a heated medium channel communicated with the external part, and the expander is connected with the compressor and the second compressor and transmits power to form a second-class heat-driven compression heat pump.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention belongs to the technical field of power, heat supply and heat pumps.
Background art:
heat and power requirements are common in human life and production. The higher the temperature of the heat energy, the higher the possibility of its utilization, and the more convenient the utilization. In reality, people need to adopt necessary technology to increase the temperature of the heat load with lower temperature. In achieving the above objects, various considerations or conditional limitations are faced, including the type, grade and quantity of energy sources, the type, grade and quantity of user demands, ambient temperature, the type of working medium, the flow, structure and manufacturing cost of the equipment, and so on.
A heat energy (temperature difference) utilization technology represented by an absorption heat pump technology, wherein the temperature difference between a heat load and a cold environment is utilized to realize the increase of the temperature of part of the heat load; however, due to the influence of the properties of the working media (solution and refrigerant media), the conversion from heat energy to mechanical energy cannot be realized while supplying heat, and the application field and the application range of the heat pump are greatly limited.
The invention takes the efficient utilization of the temperature difference between the heat load and the cold environment as a starting point, simultaneously utilizes power drive or power output, provides the open bidirectional thermodynamic cycle with simple flow for effectively utilizing the temperature difference between the heat load and the cold environment and simultaneously utilizing or compensating the pressure difference of a cold source medium, and the second type of thermally driven compression heat pump with simple structure and suitable for directly using the cold source medium as a working medium.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention mainly aims to provide a second type of thermally driven compression heat pump, and the specific contents of the invention are explained in terms of the following items:
1. the open bidirectional thermodynamic cycle is a closed process 1234561 consisting of six processes of working among a high-temperature heat source, a medium-temperature heat source and a low-temperature heat source in sequence, namely a pressure increasing process 12 of a cold source medium starting from low temperature, a heat absorbing process 23 of the medium-temperature heat source, a pressure increasing process 34 starting from medium temperature, a heat releasing process 45 to the high-temperature heat source, a pressure reducing process 56 starting from high temperature and a heat releasing process 61 to the low-temperature heat source, and cancels a non-closed process 123456 formed after the heat releasing process 61 to the low-temperature heat source.
2. The second kind of heat-driven compression heat pump mainly comprises a compressor, a second compressor, an expander, a heat exchanger and a heat supplier; the external part has cold source medium passageway and compressor intercommunication, the compressor also has cold source medium passageway through heat exchanger and second compressor intercommunication, the second compressor also has cold source medium passageway through heat supply ware and expander intercommunication, the expander also has cold source medium passageway and outside intercommunication, heat exchanger also has medium temperature heat medium passageway and outside intercommunication, the heat supply ware still is by heating medium passageway and outside intercommunication, the expander is connected compressor and second compressor and is transmitted power, form the second class of thermal drive compression heat pump.
3. The second kind of heat-driven compression heat pump mainly comprises a compressor, a second compressor, an expander, a heat exchanger, a heat supplier, a third compressor and a second heat exchanger; the heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger are respectively provided with a medium temperature heat medium channel and communicated with the outside, the heat supplier is also communicated with the outside, and the expander is connected with the compressor, the second compressor and the third compressor and transmits power to form a second class of heat-driven compression heat pump.
4. The second kind of heat-driven compression heat pump mainly comprises a compressor, a second compressor, an expander, a heat exchanger, a heat supplier, a third compressor, a second heat exchanger and a fourth compressor; the compressor is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the second compressor through a heat exchanger, the second compressor is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the fourth compressor, the compressor is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the third compressor, the third compressor is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the fourth compressor through the second heat exchanger, the fourth compressor is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the expander through a heat supplier, the expander is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the outside, the heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger are also respectively provided with a medium temperature heat medium channel communicated with the outside, the heat supplier is also provided with a heated medium channel communicated with the outside, the expander is connected with the compressor, the second compressor, the third compressor and the fourth compressor and transmits power, and the second type heat-driven compression heat pump is formed.
5. The second kind of heat-driven compression heat pump mainly comprises a compressor, a second compressor, an expander, a heat exchanger, a heat supplier, a second heat exchanger and a second expander; the external part is provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the compressor, the compressor is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with a second expander through a heat exchanger, the second expander is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with a second compressor through a second heat exchanger, the second compressor is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the expander through a heat supplier, the expander is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the external part, the heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger are also respectively provided with a medium temperature heat medium channel communicated with the external part, the heat supplier is also provided with a heated medium channel communicated with the external part, and the expander and the second expander are connected with the compressor and the second compressor and transmit power to form a second heat-driven compression heat pump.
6. The second kind of heat-driven compression heat pump mainly comprises a compressor, a second compressor, an expander, a heat exchanger, a heat supplier, a third compressor and a second heat supplier; the external part is provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the compressor, the compressor is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the second compressor through a heat exchanger, the second compressor is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the third compressor through a second heat supplier, the third compressor is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with an expander through a heat supplier, the expander is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the external part, the heat exchanger is also provided with an intermediate temperature heat medium channel communicated with the external part, the heat supplier and the second heat supplier are also respectively communicated with the external part through a heated medium channel, the expander is connected with the compressor, the second compressor and the third compressor and transmits power, and the second-class heat-driven compression heat pump is formed.
7. The second kind of heat-driven compression heat pump mainly comprises a compressor, a second compressor, an expander, a heat exchanger, a heat supplier, a third compressor, a second expander and a second heat supplier; the external part is provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the compressor, the compressor is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the second compressor through a heat exchanger, the second compressor is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the expander through a heat supplier, the second compressor is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the third compressor, the third compressor is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the second expander through a second heat supplier, the second expander is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the expander, the expander is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the external part, the heat exchanger is also provided with a medium temperature heat medium channel communicated with the external part, the heat supplier and the second heat supplier are also respectively communicated with the heated medium channel and the external part, the expander and the second expander are connected with the compressor, the second compressor and the third compressor transmit power, and a second class of thermally driven compression.
8. The second kind of heat-driven compression heat pump mainly comprises a compressor, a second compressor, an expander, a heat exchanger, a heat supplier, a second expander and a cooler; the external part has cold source medium passageway and compressor intercommunication, the compressor also has cold source medium passageway and second compressor intercommunication through heat exchanger, the second compressor also has cold source medium passageway and expander intercommunication through the heat supply ware, the expander still has cold source medium passageway and communicates through cooler and second expander, the second expander still has cold source medium passageway and outside intercommunication, heat exchanger also has medium temperature heat medium passageway and outside intercommunication, the heat supply ware still is heated medium passageway and outside intercommunication, the cooler still has cooling medium passageway and outside intercommunication, compressor and second compressor and transmission power are connected to expander and second expander, form second class thermal drive compression heat pump.
9. The second kind of heat-driven compression heat pump mainly comprises a compressor, a second compressor, an expander, a heat exchanger, a heat supplier, a third compressor, a second expander and a cooler; the external part is provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the compressor, the compressor is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with a third compressor, the third compressor is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with a second compressor through a heat exchanger, the second compressor is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with a second expander through a heat supplier, the second expander is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with an expander through a cooler and a third compressor, the expander is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the external part, the heat exchanger is also provided with an intermediate temperature heat medium channel communicated with the external part, the heat supplier is also provided with a heated medium channel communicated with the external part, the cooler is also provided with a cooling medium channel communicated with the external part, the expander and the second expander are connected with the compressor, the second compressor and the third compressor transmit power, and form a second class of thermally driven compression heat pump.
10. The second kind of heat-driven compression heat pump mainly comprises a compressor, a second compressor, an expander, a heat exchanger, a heat supplier and a heat regenerator; the external part has cold source medium passageway and compressor intercommunication, the compressor also has cold source medium passageway and communicates with the second compressor through regenerator and heat exchanger, the second compressor also has cold source medium passageway and communicates with the expander through the heat supply ware, the expander still has cold source medium passageway and communicates with the outside through regenerator, heat exchanger also has medium temperature heat medium passageway and outside intercommunication, the heat supply ware still is by heating medium passageway and outside intercommunication, the expander is connected compressor and second compressor and is transmitted power, form the second class of thermal drive compression heat pump.
11. The second kind of heat-driven compression heat pump mainly comprises a compressor, a second compressor, an expander, a heat exchanger, a heat supplier and a heat regenerator; the external part has cold source medium passageway and compressor intercommunication, the compressor also has cold source medium passageway and regenerator and second compressor intercommunication through heat exchanger and regenerator, the second compressor also has cold source medium passageway and supplies heat ware and regenerator and expander intercommunication, the expander also has cold source medium passageway and outside intercommunication, heat exchanger also has medium temperature heat medium passageway and outside intercommunication, the heat supply ware is also supplied heat medium passageway and outside intercommunication, the expander is connected compressor and second compressor and is transmitted power, form the second class of thermal drive compression heat pump.
12. The second kind of thermally driven compression heat pump is any one of the second kind of thermally driven compression heat pumps described in items 2-11, in which a power machine is added, the power machine is connected with the compressor and provides power for the compressor to form the second kind of thermally driven compression heat pump driven by additional external power.
13. The second type of thermally driven compression heat pump is any one of the second type of thermally driven compression heat pumps described in items 2 to 11, wherein a working machine is added, and an expansion machine is connected with the working machine and supplies power to the working machine to form the second type of thermally driven compression heat pump additionally supplying power load to the outside.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is an exemplary flow diagram of an open bidirectional thermodynamic cycle provided in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a diagram of a second type of thermally driven compression heat pump 1 principle thermodynamic system provided in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a diagram of a 2 nd principle thermodynamic system of a second type of thermally driven compression heat pump according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a diagram of a 3 rd principle thermodynamic system of a second type of thermally driven compression heat pump according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a diagram of a 4 th principle thermodynamic system of a second type of thermally driven compression heat pump according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a diagram of a 5 th principle thermodynamic system of a second type of thermally driven compression heat pump according to the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a diagram of a 6 th principle thermodynamic system of a second type of thermally driven compression heat pump according to the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a diagram of a 7 th principle thermodynamic system of a second type of thermally driven compression heat pump according to the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a diagram of a second type of 8 principal thermodynamic systems for thermally driven compression heat pumps provided in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a diagram of a 9 th principle thermodynamic system of a second type of thermally driven compression heat pump according to the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a diagram of a 10 th principle thermodynamic system of a second type of thermally driven compression heat pump according to the present invention.
In the figure, 1-compressor, 2-second compressor, 3-expander, 4-heat exchanger, 5-heat supplier, 6-power machine, 7-working machine, 8-third compressor, 9-second heat exchanger, 10-fourth compressor, 11-second expander, 12-second heat supplier, 13-cooler, 14-heat regenerator.
For ease of understanding, the following description is given:
(1) medium-temperature heat medium-a substance that provides medium-temperature heat load through a heat exchanger, such as a waste heat medium; the driving heat load and the heating heat load of the second type of thermally driven compression heat pump are provided by the medium-temperature heat medium.
(2) Cold source medium-a substance that carries a low temperature thermal load through the ingress and egress processes, such as ambient air.
(3) Cooling medium-a substance that carries a low temperature thermal load through the cooler, such as ambient air.
(4) In-out flow, taking fig. 2 as an example, the cold source medium enters the compressor 1 to increase pressure and temperature, and then starts to be discharged through the expander 3, so that the whole process of releasing the self-thermal energy is called as in-out flow.
(5) Regarding the communication between the compressors, taking fig. 4 as an example, the compressor 1 has a cold source medium channel to communicate with the third compressor 8, and the compressor 1 and the third compressor 8 can also be a low pressure compression section and a high pressure compression section of the compressor, respectively.
(6) Regarding the communication between the expanders, taking fig. 7 as an example, the second expander 11 has a cold source medium passage communicating with the expander 3, and the second expander 11 and the expander 3 may also be a high pressure expansion section and a low pressure expansion section of the expander, respectively.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
it is to be noted that, in the description of the structure and the flow, the repetition is not necessary; obvious flow is not described. The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and examples.
The open two-way thermodynamic cycle flow examples in the T-s diagram of fig. 1 are respectively such:
example ①, consisting of a total of 5 sequential processes, reversible adiabatic compression 12, constant pressure endothermic 23, reversible adiabatic compression 34, constant pressure exothermic 45, reversible adiabatic expansion 56.
Example ②, consisting of a total of 5 sequential processes, reversible adiabatic compression 12, isothermal endothermic 23, reversible adiabatic compression 34, isothermal exothermic 45, reversible adiabatic expansion 56.
Example ③, consisting of a total of 5 sequential processes, reversible adiabatic compression 12, constant pressure endothermic 23, reversible adiabatic compression 34, constant pressure exothermic 45, reversible adiabatic expansion 56.
Example ④, consisting of a total of 5 sequential processes, irreversible adiabatic compression process 12, constant pressure endothermic process 23, irreversible adiabatic compression process 34, constant pressure exothermic process 45, irreversible adiabatic expansion process 56.
In each of the above examples, the output of process 56 serves to satisfy both processes 12 and 34; or simultaneously outputting mechanical energy outwards, or completing circulation by means of external mechanical energy; the addition of process 61 will release heat to the low temperature heat source, resulting in a closed thermodynamic process 1234561.
The second type of thermally driven compression heat pump shown in fig. 2 is realized by:
(1) structurally, the heat pump system mainly comprises a compressor, a second compressor, an expander, a heat exchanger and a heat supplier; the external cold source medium channel is communicated with the compressor 1, the compressor 1 is also provided with a cold source medium channel which is communicated with the second compressor 2 through a heat exchanger 4, the second compressor 2 is also provided with a cold source medium channel which is communicated with an expander 3 through a heat supplier 5, the expander 3 is also provided with a cold source medium channel which is communicated with the external, the heat exchanger 4 is also provided with a medium temperature medium channel which is communicated with the external, the heat supplier 5 is also communicated with the external through a heated medium channel, and the expander 3 is connected with the compressor 1 and the second compressor 2 and transmits power.
(2) In the process, a cold source medium enters the compressor 1 to be boosted and heated, flows through the heat exchanger 4 to absorb heat, and then enters the second compressor 2 to be boosted and heated; the cold source medium discharged by the second compressor 2 flows through the heater 5 and releases heat, and then enters the expander 3 to reduce the pressure and do work and is discharged outwards; the cold source medium takes away the low-temperature heat load through the inlet and outlet flow, the medium-temperature heat load provides the driving heat load and the heating heat load through the heat exchanger 4, the heated medium takes away the high-temperature heat load through the heat supplier 5, and the work output by the expansion machine 3 is provided for the compressor 1 and the second compressor 2 as power, so that the second type of heat-driven compression heat pump is formed.
The second type of thermally driven compression heat pump shown in fig. 3 is realized by:
(1) structurally, the heat exchanger mainly comprises a compressor, a second compressor, an expander, a heat exchanger, a heat supplier, a power machine, a third compressor and a second heat exchanger; the external part is provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the compressor 1, the compressor 1 is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the second compressor 2 through a heat exchanger 4, the second compressor 2 is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the third compressor 8 through a second heat exchanger 9, the third compressor 8 is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the expander 3 through a heat supplier 5, the expander 3 is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the external part, the heat exchanger 4 and the second heat exchanger 9 are also respectively provided with a medium temperature heat medium channel communicated with the external part, the heat supplier 5 is also provided with a heated medium channel communicated with the external part, and the expander 3 and the power machine 6 are connected with the compressor 1, the second compressor 2 and the third compressor 8 and transmit power.
(2) In the process, a cold source medium enters the compressor 1 to be boosted and heated, flows through the heat exchanger 4 to absorb heat, and then enters the second compressor 2 to be boosted and heated; the cold source medium discharged by the second compressor 2 flows through the second heat exchanger 9 and absorbs heat, and then enters the third compressor 8 to be boosted and heated; cold source medium discharged by the third compressor 8 flows through the heat supply device 5 and releases heat, and then enters the expansion machine 3 to reduce pressure and do work and is discharged outwards; the cold source medium takes away low-temperature heat load through the inlet and outlet flow, the medium-temperature heat load provides driving heat load and heating heat load through the heat exchanger 4 and the second heat exchanger 9, the heated medium takes away high-temperature heat load through the heat supplier 5, and the work output by the expander 3 and the power machine 6 is provided for the compressor 1, the second compressor 2 and the third compressor 8 as power, so that a second type of heat-driven compression heat pump is formed.
The second type of thermally driven compression heat pump shown in fig. 4 is realized by:
(1) structurally, the heat pump system mainly comprises a compressor, a second compressor, an expander, a heat exchanger, a heat supplier, a third compressor, a second heat exchanger and a fourth compressor; the external part has cold source medium passageway and compressor 1 intercommunication, compressor 1 still has cold source medium passageway and communicates with second compressor 2 through heat exchanger 4, second compressor 2 still has cold source medium passageway and fourth compressor 10 intercommunication, compressor 1 still has cold source medium passageway and third compressor 8 intercommunication, third compressor 8 still has cold source medium passageway and communicates with fourth compressor 10 through second heat exchanger 9, fourth compressor 10 still has cold source medium passageway and communicates with expander 3 through heat supplier 5, expander 3 still has cold source medium passageway and external intercommunication, heat exchanger 4 and second heat exchanger 9 still have medium temperature heat medium passageway and external intercommunication respectively, heat supplier 5 still is by heating medium passageway and external intercommunication, expander 3 connects compressor 1, second compressor 2, third compressor 8 and fourth compressor 10 and transmits power.
(2) In the flow, the cold source medium enters the compressor 1 to be subjected to pressure rise and temperature rise and then is divided into two paths, wherein the first path sequentially flows through the heat exchanger 4 to absorb heat, flows through the second compressor 2 to be subjected to pressure rise and temperature rise and enters the fourth compressor 10 to be subjected to pressure rise and temperature rise, and the second path sequentially flows through the third compressor 8 to be subjected to pressure rise and temperature rise, flows through the second heat exchanger 9 to absorb heat and enters the fourth compressor 10 to be subjected; the cold source medium discharged from the fourth compressor 10 flows through the heater 5 and releases heat, and then enters the expander 3 to reduce the pressure and do work and is discharged to the outside; the cold source medium takes away low-temperature heat load through the inlet and outlet flow, the medium-temperature heat load provides driving heat load and heating heat load through the heat exchanger 4 and the second heat exchanger 9, the heated medium takes away high-temperature heat load through the heat supplier 5, and the work output by the expansion machine 3 is provided for the compressor 1, the second compressor 2, the third compressor 8 and the fourth compressor 10 as power, so that a second type of heat-driven compression heat pump is formed.
The second type of thermally driven compression heat pump shown in fig. 5 is realized by:
(1) structurally, the heat pump system mainly comprises a compressor, a second compressor, an expander, a heat exchanger, a heat supplier, a second heat exchanger and a second expander; the external cold source medium channel is communicated with the compressor 1, the compressor 1 is also provided with a cold source medium channel which is communicated with the second expander 11 through the heat exchanger 4, the second expander 11 is also provided with a cold source medium channel which is communicated with the second compressor 2 through the second heat exchanger 9, the second compressor 2 is also provided with a cold source medium channel which is communicated with the expander 3 through the heat supplier 5, the expander 3 is also provided with a cold source medium channel which is communicated with the external, the heat exchanger 4 and the second heat exchanger 9 are also respectively provided with a medium temperature heat medium channel which is communicated with the external, the heat supplier 5 is also communicated with the external through the heated medium channel, and the expander 3 and the second expander 11 are connected with the compressor 1 and the second compressor 2 and transmit power.
(2) In the process, a cold source medium enters the compressor 1 to increase the pressure and the temperature, flows through the heat exchanger 4 to absorb heat, and then enters the second expansion machine 11 to reduce the pressure and do work; the cold source medium discharged by the second expander 11 flows through the second heat exchanger 9 and absorbs heat, and then enters the second compressor 2 to increase the pressure and the temperature; the cold source medium discharged by the second compressor 2 flows through the heater 5 and releases heat, and then enters the expander 3 to reduce the pressure and do work and is discharged outwards; the cold source medium takes away low-temperature heat load through the inlet and outlet flow, the medium-temperature heat load provides driving heat load and heating heat load through the heat exchanger 4 and the second heat exchanger 9, the heated medium takes away high-temperature heat load through the heat supplier 5, and the work output by the expander 3 and the second expander 11 is provided for the compressor 1 and the second compressor 2 as power, so that a second type of heat-driven compression heat pump is formed.
The second type of thermally driven compression heat pump shown in fig. 6 is realized by:
(1) structurally, the heat pump system mainly comprises a compressor, a second compressor, an expander, a heat exchanger, a heat supplier, a third compressor and a second heat supplier; the external cold source medium channel is communicated with the compressor 1, the compressor 1 is also provided with a cold source medium channel which is communicated with the second compressor 2 through a heat exchanger 4, the second compressor 2 is also provided with a cold source medium channel which is communicated with the third compressor 8 through a second heat supplier 12, the third compressor 8 is also provided with a cold source medium channel which is communicated with the expander 3 through a heat supplier 5, the expander 3 is also provided with a cold source medium channel which is communicated with the outside, the heat exchanger 4 is also provided with a medium temperature heat medium channel which is communicated with the outside, the heat supplier 5 and the second heat supplier 12 are also respectively communicated with the outside through a heated medium channel, the expander 3 is connected with the compressor 1, and the second compressor 2 and the third compressor 8 transmit power.
(2) In the process, a cold source medium enters the compressor 1 to be boosted and heated, flows through the heat exchanger 4 to absorb heat, and then enters the second compressor 2 to be boosted and heated; cold source medium discharged by the second compressor 2 flows through the second heat supplier 12 and releases heat, and then enters the third compressor 8 to increase pressure and temperature; cold source medium discharged by the third compressor 8 flows through the heat supply device 5 and releases heat, and then enters the expansion machine 3 to reduce pressure and do work and is discharged outwards; the cold source medium takes away low-temperature heat load through the inlet and outlet flow, the medium-temperature heat load provides driving heat load and heating heat load through the heat exchanger 4, the heated medium takes away high-temperature heat load through the heat supplier 5 and the second heat supplier 12, and the work output by the expansion machine 3 is provided for the compressor 1, the second compressor 2 and the third compressor 8 as power, so that a second type of heat driving compression heat pump is formed.
The second type of thermally driven compression heat pump shown in fig. 7 is realized by:
(1) structurally, the heat pump system mainly comprises a compressor, a second compressor, an expander, a heat exchanger, a heat supplier, a third compressor, a second expander and a second heat supplier; the external part has cold source medium passageway and compressor 1 intercommunication, compressor 1 still has cold source medium passageway and communicates with second compressor 2 through heat exchanger 4, second compressor 2 still has cold source medium passageway and communicates with expander 3 through heat supplier 5, second compressor 2 still has cold source medium passageway and third compressor 8 intercommunication, third compressor 8 still has cold source medium passageway and communicates with second expander 11 through second heat supplier 12, second expander 11 still has cold source medium passageway and expander 3 intercommunication, expander 3 still has cold source medium passageway and outside intercommunication, heat exchanger 4 still has medium warm heat medium passageway and outside intercommunication, heat supplier 5 and second heat supplier 12 still have respectively by heating medium passageway and outside intercommunication, expander 3 and second expander 11 connect compressor 1, second compressor 2 and third compressor 8 and transmission power.
(2) In the process, a cold source medium enters the compressor 1 to be boosted and heated, flows through the heat exchanger 4 to absorb heat, and then enters the second compressor 2 to be boosted and heated; the cold source medium discharged by the second compressor 2 is divided into two paths, wherein the first path flows through the heat supplier 5 and releases heat and then is supplied to the expander 3, and the second path sequentially flows through the third compressor 8 to increase the pressure and the temperature, flows through the second heat supplier 12 to release heat and flows through the third expander 11 to reduce the pressure and apply work and then is supplied to the expander 3; the cold source medium enters the expansion machine 3 to reduce the pressure and do work, and then is discharged at low temperature; the cold source medium takes away low-temperature heat load through an inlet-outlet flow, the medium-temperature heat load provides driving heat load and heating heat load through the heat exchanger 4, the heated medium takes away high-temperature heat load through the heat supplier 5 and the second heat supplier 12, and the work output by the expander 3 and the second expander 11 is provided for the compressor 1, the second compressor 2 and the third compressor 8 as power, so that a second-class heat driving compression heat pump is formed.
The second type of thermally driven compression heat pump shown in fig. 8 is realized by:
(1) structurally, the heat exchanger mainly comprises a compressor, a second compressor, an expander, a heat exchanger, a heater, a second expander and a cooler; the external part has cold source medium passageway and compressor 1 intercommunication, compressor 1 still has cold source medium passageway and communicates with second compressor 2 through heat exchanger 4, second compressor 2 still has cold source medium passageway and communicates with expander 3 through heat supply device 5, expander 3 still has cold source medium passageway and communicates with second expander 11 through cooler 13, second expander 11 still has cold source medium passageway and outside intercommunication, heat exchanger 4 still has medium temperature heat medium passageway and outside intercommunication, heat supply device 5 still is communicated with the outside by the heating medium passageway, cooler 13 still has cooling medium passageway and outside intercommunication, expander 3 and second expander 11 connect compressor 1 and second compressor 2 and transmit power.
(2) In the process, a cold source medium enters the compressor 1 to be boosted and heated, flows through the heat exchanger 4 to absorb heat, and then enters the second compressor 2 to be boosted and heated; the cold source medium discharged by the second compressor 2 flows through the heater 5 and releases heat, and then enters the expander 3 to reduce the pressure and do work; the cold source medium discharged by the expander 3 flows through the cooler 13 and releases heat, and then enters the second expander 11 to reduce the pressure and do work and is discharged to the outside; the cold source medium takes away low-temperature heat load through the inlet and outlet flow, the cooling medium takes away the low-temperature heat load through the cooler 13, the medium-temperature heat medium provides driving heat load and heating heat load through the heat exchanger 4, the heated medium takes away the high-temperature heat load through the heater 5, and the work output by the expander 3 and the second expander 11 is provided for the compressor 1 and the second compressor 2 as power, so that a second type of heat driving compression heat pump is formed.
The second type of thermally driven compression heat pump shown in fig. 9 is realized by:
(1) structurally, the heat exchanger mainly comprises a compressor, a second compressor, an expander, a heat exchanger, a heat supplier, a third compressor, a second expander and a cooler; a cold source medium channel is arranged outside and communicated with the compressor 1, the compressor 1 is also provided with a cold source medium channel which is communicated with a third compressor 8, the third compressor 8 is also provided with a cold source medium channel which is communicated with a second compressor 2 through a heat exchanger 4, the second compressor 2 is also provided with a cold source medium channel which is communicated with a second expander 11 through a heat supplier 5, the second expander 11 is also provided with a cold source medium channel which is communicated with an expander 3, the second expander 11 is also provided with a cold source medium channel which is communicated with the third compressor 8 through a cooler 13, the expander 3 is also provided with a cold source medium channel which is communicated with the outside, the heat exchanger 4 is also provided with a medium and warm medium channel which is communicated with the outside, the heat supplier 5 is also provided with a heated medium channel which is communicated with the outside, the cooler 13 is also provided with a cooling medium channel which is communicated with the outside, the second compressor 2 and the third compressor 8 transmit power.
(2) In the flow, after the external cold source medium flows through the compressor 1 to be boosted and heated, the external cold source medium and the cold source medium from the cooler 13 enter the third compressor 8 to be boosted and heated; the cold source medium discharged by the third compressor 8 flows through the heat exchanger 4 and absorbs heat, and then enters the second compressor 2 to be boosted and heated; the cold source medium discharged by the second compressor 2 flows through the heater 5 and releases heat, and then enters the second expander 11 to reduce the pressure and do work; the cold source medium discharged by the second expander 11 is divided into two paths, the first path enters the expander 3 to reduce the pressure and do work and is discharged to the outside, and the second path passes through the cooler 13 to release heat and then is supplied to the third compressor 8; the cold source medium takes away low-temperature heat load through an inlet flow and an outlet flow, the cooling medium takes away the low-temperature heat load through the cooler 13, the medium-temperature heat medium provides driving heat load and heating heat load through the heat exchanger 4, the heated medium takes away the high-temperature heat load through the heater 5, and the work output by the expander 3 and the second expander 11 is provided for the compressor 1, the second compressor 2 and the third compressor 8 as power, so that the second-class heat-driven compression heat pump is formed.
The second type of thermally driven compression heat pump shown in fig. 10 is realized by:
(1) structurally, the heat recovery system mainly comprises a compressor, a second compressor, an expander, a heat exchanger, a heat supplier and a heat regenerator; the external cold source medium channel is communicated with the compressor 1, the compressor 1 is also provided with the cold source medium channel which is communicated with the second compressor 2 through the heat regenerator 14 and the heat exchanger 4, the second compressor 2 is also provided with the cold source medium channel which is communicated with the expander 3 through the heat supplier 5, the expander 3 is also provided with the cold source medium channel which is communicated with the external through the heat regenerator 14, the heat exchanger 4 is also provided with the medium temperature medium channel which is communicated with the external, the heat supplier 5 is also communicated with the external through the heated medium channel, and the expander 3 is connected with the compressor 1 and the second compressor 2 and transmits power.
(2) In the process, a cold source medium enters the compressor 1 to be boosted and heated, sequentially flows through the heat regenerator 14 and the heat exchanger 4 to gradually absorb heat, and then enters the second compressor 2 to be boosted and heated; the cold source medium discharged by the second compressor 2 flows through the heater 5 and releases heat, and then enters the expander 3 to reduce the pressure and do work; the cold source medium discharged by the expander 3 flows through the heat regenerator 14 and releases heat, and then is discharged outwards; the cold source medium takes away the low-temperature heat load through the inlet and outlet flow, the medium-temperature heat load provides the driving heat load and the heating heat load through the heat exchanger 4, the heated medium takes away the high-temperature heat load through the heat supplier 5, and the work output by the expansion machine 3 is provided for the compressor 1 and the second compressor 2 as power, so that the second type of heat-driven compression heat pump is formed.
The second type of thermally driven compression heat pump shown in fig. 11 is realized by:
(1) structurally, the heat exchanger mainly comprises a compressor, a second compressor, an expander, a heat exchanger, a heat supplier, a working machine and a heat regenerator; the external cold source medium channel is communicated with the compressor 1, the compressor 1 is also provided with the cold source medium channel which is communicated with the second compressor 2 through the heat exchanger 4 and the heat regenerator 14, the second compressor 2 is also provided with the cold source medium channel which is communicated with the expander 3 through the heat supplier 5 and the heat regenerator 14, the expander 3 is also provided with the cold source medium channel which is communicated with the external, the heat exchanger 4 is also provided with the medium temperature medium channel which is communicated with the external, the heat supplier 5 is also communicated with the external through the heated medium channel, and the expander 3 is connected with the compressor 1, the second compressor 2 and the working machine 7 and transmits power.
(2) In the process, a cold source medium enters the compressor 1 to be boosted and heated, flows through the heat exchanger 4 and the heat regenerator 14 to gradually absorb heat, and then enters the second compressor 2 to be boosted and heated; cold source media discharged by the second compressor 2 sequentially flow through the heat supplier 5 and the heat regenerator 14 and gradually release heat, and then enter the expansion machine 3 to reduce the pressure and do work and are discharged outwards; the cold source medium takes away low-temperature heat load through the inlet and outlet flow, the medium-temperature heat load provides driving heat load and heating heat load through the heat exchanger 4, the heated medium takes away high-temperature heat load through the heat supplier 5, and the work output by the expansion machine 3 is provided for the compressor 1, the second compressor 2 and the working machine 7 as power, so that the second type of heat-driven compression heat pump is formed.
Incidentally, when only the temperature difference (thermal energy) drive is employed, it is conceivable to provide a starter motor in the second type of thermally driven compression heat pump for the convenience of starting.
The effect that the technology of the invention can realize-the open bidirectional thermodynamic cycle and the second type of heat driving compression heat pump proposed by the invention have the following effects and advantages:
(1) provides a new idea and a new technology for utilizing the temperature difference.
(2) The heat energy (temperature difference) is driven to realize the temperature increase of the heat energy, or the heat energy and the temperature can be selected to provide power for the outside at the same time.
(3) The process is reasonable, and the full and efficient utilization of heat energy (temperature difference) can be realized; and the utilization or compensation of the pressure difference of the cold source medium is also considered.
(4) When necessary, the heat energy temperature is increased by means of external power, the mode is flexible, and the adaptability is good.
(5) The compressor, the expander and the heat exchanger are used as components of the compression heat pump, and the structure is simple.
(6) The cold source medium is directly used as the working medium, and the heating performance index is higher.
(7) A plurality of specific technical schemes are provided, so that the method can cope with a plurality of different actual conditions and has a wider application range.
(8) The heat pump technology is expanded, the types of compression heat pumps are enriched, and the high-efficiency utilization of heat energy is better realized.
Claims (13)
1. The open bidirectional thermodynamic cycle is a closed process 1234561 consisting of six processes of working among a high-temperature heat source, a medium-temperature heat source and a low-temperature heat source in sequence, namely a pressure increasing process 12 of a cold source medium starting from low temperature, a heat absorbing process 23 of the medium-temperature heat source, a pressure increasing process 34 starting from medium temperature, a heat releasing process 45 to the high-temperature heat source, a pressure reducing process 56 starting from high temperature and a heat releasing process 61 to the low-temperature heat source, and cancels a non-closed process 123456 formed after the heat releasing process 61 to the low-temperature heat source.
2. The second kind of heat-driven compression heat pump mainly comprises a compressor, a second compressor, an expander, a heat exchanger and a heat supplier; the external part is provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the compressor (1), the compressor (1) is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the second compressor (2) through a heat exchanger (4), the second compressor (2) is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with an expander (3) through a heat supplier (5), the expander (3) is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the external part, the heat exchanger (4) is also provided with a medium temperature heat medium channel communicated with the external part, the heat supplier (5) is also provided with a heated medium channel communicated with the external part, and the expander (3) is connected with the compressor (1) and the second compressor (2) and transmits power to form a second type heat-driven compression heat pump.
3. The second kind of heat-driven compression heat pump mainly comprises a compressor, a second compressor, an expander, a heat exchanger, a heat supplier, a third compressor and a second heat exchanger; the external part is provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the compressor (1), the compressor (1) is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the second compressor (2) through a heat exchanger (4), the second compressor (2) is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the third compressor (8) through a second heat exchanger (9), the third compressor (8) is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the expander (3) through a heat supplier (5), the expander (3) is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the external part, the heat exchanger (4) and the second heat exchanger (9) are also respectively provided with a medium temperature heat medium channel communicated with the external part, the heat supplier (5) is also provided with a heated medium channel communicated with the external part, the expander (3) is connected with the compressor (1), the second compressor (2) and the third compressor (8) and transmits power, and a second-class thermal driving compression heat pump is formed.
4. The second kind of heat-driven compression heat pump mainly comprises a compressor, a second compressor, an expander, a heat exchanger, a heat supplier, a third compressor, a second heat exchanger and a fourth compressor; the external part is provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the compressor (1), the compressor (1) is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the second compressor (2) through a heat exchanger (4), the second compressor (2) is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the fourth compressor (10), the compressor (1) is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the third compressor (8), the third compressor (8) is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the fourth compressor (10) through a second heat exchanger (9), the fourth compressor (10) is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the expander (3) through a heat supplier (5), the expander (3) is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the external part, the heat exchanger (4) and the second heat exchanger (9) are also provided with an intermediate temperature medium channel communicated with the external part respectively, the heat supplier (5) is also communicated with the external part through a heated medium channel, and the expander (3) is connected with the compressor (1, The second compressor (2), the third compressor (8) and the fourth compressor (10) transmit power to form a second type of thermally driven compression heat pump.
5. The second kind of heat-driven compression heat pump mainly comprises a compressor, a second compressor, an expander, a heat exchanger, a heat supplier, a second heat exchanger and a second expander; the external part is provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the compressor (1), the compressor (1) is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with a second expander (11) through a heat exchanger (4), the second expander (11) is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with a second compressor (2) through a second heat exchanger (9), the second compressor (2) is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with an expander (3) through a heat supplier (5), the expander (3) is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the external part, the heat exchanger (4) and the second heat exchanger (9) are also respectively provided with a medium temperature heat medium channel communicated with the external part, the heat supplier (5) is also provided with a heated medium channel communicated with the external part, and the expander (3) and the second expander (11) are connected with the compressor (1) and the second compressor (2) and transmit power, so that a second class of heat-driven compression heat pump is formed.
6. The second kind of heat-driven compression heat pump mainly comprises a compressor, a second compressor, an expander, a heat exchanger, a heat supplier, a third compressor and a second heat supplier; the external part is provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the compressor (1), the compressor (1) is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the second compressor (2) through a heat exchanger (4), the second compressor (2) is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the third compressor (8) through a second heat supplier (12), the third compressor (8) is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the expander (3) through a heat supplier (5), the expander (3) is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the external part, the heat exchanger (4) is also provided with a medium temperature heat medium channel communicated with the external part, the heat supplier (5) and the second heat supplier (12) are also respectively communicated with the external part through a heated medium channel, the expander (3) is connected with the compressor (1), the second compressor (2) and the third compressor (8) and transmits power, and a second class of heat driving compression heat pump is formed.
7. The second kind of heat-driven compression heat pump mainly comprises a compressor, a second compressor, an expander, a heat exchanger, a heat supplier, a third compressor, a second expander and a second heat supplier; the external part is provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the compressor (1), the compressor (1) is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the second compressor (2) through a heat exchanger (4), the second compressor (2) is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the expander (3) through a heat supplier (5), the second compressor (2) is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the third compressor (8), the third compressor (8) is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the second expander (11) through a second heat supplier (12), the second expander (11) is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the expander (3), the expander (3) is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the external part, the heat exchanger (4) is also provided with an intermediate temperature heat medium channel communicated with the external part, the heat supplier (5) and the second heat supplier (12) are also provided with a heated medium channel communicated with the external part respectively, and the expander (3) and the second expander (11) are connected with the compressor (1), The second compressor (2) and the third compressor (8) transmit power to form a second type of heat-driven compression heat pump.
8. The second kind of heat-driven compression heat pump mainly comprises a compressor, a second compressor, an expander, a heat exchanger, a heat supplier, a second expander and a cooler; the external part is provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the compressor (1), the compressor (1) is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the second compressor (2) through a heat exchanger (4), the second compressor (2) is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with an expander (3) through a heat supplier (5), the expander (3) is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the second expander (11) through a cooler (13), the second expander (11) is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the external part, the heat exchanger (4) is also provided with an intermediate temperature heat medium channel communicated with the external part, the heat supplier (5) is also provided with a heated medium channel communicated with the external part, the cooler (13) is also provided with a cooling medium channel communicated with the external part, and the expander (3) and the second expander (11) are connected with the compressor (1) and the second compressor (2) and transmit power, so that a second class of heat-driven compression heat pump.
9. The second kind of heat-driven compression heat pump mainly comprises a compressor, a second compressor, an expander, a heat exchanger, a heat supplier, a third compressor, a second expander and a cooler; the external part is provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the compressor (1), the compressor (1) is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with a third compressor (8), the third compressor (8) is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with a second compressor (2) through a heat exchanger (4), the second compressor (2) is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with a second expander (11) through a heat supplier (5), the second expander (11) is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with an expander (3), the second expander (11) is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the third compressor (8) through a cooler (13), the expander (3) is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the external part, the heat exchanger (4) is also provided with an intermediate temperature heat medium channel communicated with the external part, the heat supplier (5) is also provided with a heated medium channel communicated with the external part, and the cooler (13) is also provided with a cooling medium channel communicated, the expander (3) and the second expander (11) are connected with the compressor (1), the second compressor (2) and the third compressor (8) and transmit power to form a second type of thermally driven compression heat pump.
10. The second kind of heat-driven compression heat pump mainly comprises a compressor, a second compressor, an expander, a heat exchanger, a heat supplier and a heat regenerator; the external part is provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the compressor (1), the compressor (1) is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the second compressor (2) through a heat regenerator (14) and a heat exchanger (4), the second compressor (2) is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with an expander (3) through a heat supplier (5), the expander (3) is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the external part through the heat regenerator (14), the heat exchanger (4) is also provided with a medium temperature heat medium channel communicated with the external part, the heat supplier (5) is also provided with a heated medium channel communicated with the external part, the expander (3) is connected with the compressor (1) and the second compressor (2) and transmits power, and a second type heat-driven compression heat pump is formed.
11. The second kind of heat-driven compression heat pump mainly comprises a compressor, a second compressor, an expander, a heat exchanger, a heat supplier and a heat regenerator; the external part is provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the compressor (1), the compressor (1) is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the second compressor (2) through a heat exchanger (4) and a heat regenerator (14), the second compressor (2) is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with an expander (3) through a heat supplier (5) and the heat regenerator (14), the expander (3) is also provided with a cold source medium channel communicated with the external part, the heat exchanger (4) is also provided with an intermediate temperature heat medium channel communicated with the external part, the heat supplier (5) is also provided with a heated medium channel communicated with the external part, the expander (3) is connected with the compressor (1) and the second compressor (2) and transmits power, and a second class of heat-driven compression heat pump is formed.
12. The second kind of thermally driven compression heat pump is the second kind of thermally driven compression heat pump according to any one of claims 2 to 11, wherein a power machine is added, and the power machine (6) is connected with the compressor (1) and supplies power to the compressor (1) to form the second kind of thermally driven compression heat pump driven by additional external power.
13. A second type of thermally driven compression heat pump according to any one of claims 2 to 11, wherein a working machine is added to the second type of thermally driven compression heat pump, and the expansion machine (3) is connected to the working machine (7) and supplies power to the working machine (8) to form a second type of thermally driven compression heat pump which additionally supplies a load for supplying power to the outside.
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| CN111721017B (en) * | 2019-01-07 | 2023-11-03 | 李华玉 | Second type heat driven compression heat pump |
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| CN111189256A (en) * | 2019-01-27 | 2020-05-22 | 李华玉 | Second-class thermally-driven compression heat pump |
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| CN111964292A (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2020-11-20 | 李华玉 | Second-class thermally-driven compression heat pump |
| CN114893924A (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2022-08-12 | 李华玉 | Second-class thermally-driven compression heat pump |
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| CN113465207A (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2021-10-01 | 李华玉 | Phase-change type fourth-class thermally-driven compression heat pump |
| WO2021258718A1 (en) * | 2020-06-25 | 2021-12-30 | 李华玉 | Second-type single working medium combined cycle |
| WO2022007374A1 (en) * | 2020-07-07 | 2022-01-13 | 李华玉 | Second-type single working medium combined cycle |
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