CN105863946B - Optimal operation control method and system - Google Patents
Optimal operation control method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN105863946B CN105863946B CN201610208042.3A CN201610208042A CN105863946B CN 105863946 B CN105863946 B CN 105863946B CN 201610208042 A CN201610208042 A CN 201610208042A CN 105863946 B CN105863946 B CN 105863946B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 49
- CGFFKDRVHZIQHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-but-3-en-2-yl-3-(methylcarbamothioylamino)thiourea Chemical compound CNC(=S)NNC(=S)NC(C)C=C CGFFKDRVHZIQHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000013178 mathematical model Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 43
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 36
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 4
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B15/00—Controlling
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
-
- H02J3/382—
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2270/00—Control
- F05B2270/10—Purpose of the control system
- F05B2270/111—Purpose of the control system to control two or more engines simultaneously
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Water Turbines (AREA)
- Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of optimal operation control method and systems, this method comprises: head-guide vane opening-unit output curve corresponding with Hydropower Plant is obtained, according to the head-guide vane opening-unit output curve building constant flow model or constant load model；The constant flow model or constant load model are solved to obtain unit job control scheme；The operation in the power station is controlled according to the control program.This method is run by field experiment and obtains the actual head-guide vane opening-unit output curve of the Hydropower Plant, and mathematical model is constructed according to the curve, obtained control program can more meet live machine unit characteristic, to reduce error, realize that the data such as optimal operation and guide vane opening, unit output can be using the data in existing unit automation control system, it is at low cost, without increasing additional software and hardware cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Hydropower Plant control fields, more particularly to a kind of optimal operation control method and are
System.
Background technique
Economic optimization operation mainly guarantees power station unit in high efficient area stable operation in Hydroelectric Plant.Study water power
It stands the optimal number of units of work unit, combination and start and stop order in factory under prescribed conditions, the optimum allocation of load between unit.
Economic optimization operation is mainly changed according to the model test of hydraulic turbine data that producer provides in existing hydroelectric power plant
Calculation is depicted as unit section dynamic characteristic curves, constructs constant flow or constant load optimized mathematical model, using Dynamic Programming or waits micro-
The optimal number of units of unit work, combination, start and stop order is calculated in the intelligent algorithms such as the traditional algorithms such as gaining rate or genetic algorithm
And optimum load dispatch.However, there are several lower disadvantages:
(1), unit section dynamic characteristic curves are depicted as according to the conversion of model test of hydraulic turbine data, with practical operation situation
Deviation is big；
(2), flow measurement means frequently with have current meter method, spiral case differential pressure method, ultrasonic flow measurement method.Current meter method can
Each point velocity value of the cross-section of river is conveniently measured, but installation early period and later data handle heavy workload, human cost is thrown
Money is high；Spiral case differential pressure method is easy to operate but calibration discharge coefficient is difficult, and measurement accuracy is difficult to ensure；Ultrasonic flow measurement method can be with
Flow directly is measured, and easy for installation, it is easy to operate, but ultrasonic flowmeter real-time measurement flow, equipment cost is fixedly mounted
Therefore, in characteristic curve height crosses machine flow real-time measurement difficulty, at high cost.
Summary of the invention
Based on this, it is necessary to provide a kind of optimal operation control method at low cost and meeting live machine unit characteristic
And system.
A kind of optimal operation control method, comprising:
Head-guide vane opening-unit output curve corresponding with Hydropower Plant is obtained,
According to head-guide vane opening-unit output curve building constant flow model or constant load model；
Constant flow model or constant load model are solved to obtain unit job control scheme；
The operation in power station is controlled according to control program.
In a kind of wherein embodiment, head-guide vane opening-unit output curve step with Hydropower Plant is obtained
Suddenly include:
The head of Hydropower Plant is adjusted at maximum head or at minimum head；
Guide vane opening-power curve obtaining step, comprising: for each unit, successively adjust power generating value from small to large
The guide vane opening for saving each testing site, and being recorded under power generating value obtains guide vane opening-of the every unit under current head
Power curve；Testing site includes multiple testing sites within the scope of unit output；
The head of Hydropower Plant is adjusted at next hydrohead test point, guide vane opening-power curve is repeated and obtains step
Suddenly, guide vane opening-power curve of the every unit under different heads is obtained；
All guide vane opening-power curves are fitted generation head-guide vane opening-unit using least square method
Power curve.
In a kind of wherein embodiment, according to head-guide vane opening-unit output curve building constant load model step
Suddenly include:
The load for setting Hydropower Plant according to head-guide vane opening-unit output curve, and presses unit capacity ratio
The guide vane opening that value converts different units constructs constant load model, constant load model are as follows:
Wherein,
aimin<ai<aimax
Ni=fi(ai) it is the functional relation contributed with guide vane opening；aiFor the guide vane opening of i-th unit；KiIt is i-th
Unit rated capacity value；aimaxFor the maximum opening of i-th unit guide vane；aiminFor i-th unit guide vane minimum aperture, kmaxInstitute
There is the maximum unit capacity value of capacity in unit；N is unit number of units；NiFor i-th unit output；N is power station gross capability；
Alternatively, the load of setting Hydropower Plant, according to head-guide vane opening-unit output curve and same head
Function under functional relation, same head between lower unit guide vane opening and flow between the different same guide vane openings of unit closes
System constructs constant load model, constant load model are as follows:
Wherein, a=min (g1(a1)+g2(a1)+...+gn(a1))=min (a1+a2...an)；
aimin<ai<aimax；
Functional relation under same head between unit guide vane opening and flow is Qi=gi(ai)；It is different under same head
Functional relation between the same guide vane opening of unit is ai=gi(aj)；Unit output and the unit guide vane opening under same head
Between relationship Ni=fi(ai)。
In a kind of wherein embodiment, according to head-guide vane opening-unit output curve building constant load model step
Suddenly include:
The flow for setting Hydropower Plant, according to head-guide vane opening-unit output curve and unit guide vane opening with
Relationship between flow constructs constant flow model, constant flow model are as follows:
Wherein:
Q=g1(a1)+g2(a2)+…+gn(an)=Q1+Q2+…+Qn
aimin<ai<aimax
Wherein, the relationship Q between unit guide vane opening and flowi=gi(ai), QiMachine flow is crossed for unit i；Same water
The lower relationship N between unit output and the unit guide vane opening of headi=fi(ai)。
In a kind of wherein embodiment, constant flow model or constant load model are solved to obtain unit job control scheme
The step of include:
According to the first constraint condition, load model is solved to obtain unit job control scheme, the first constraint condition includes:
Power limit N outimin<Ni<Nimax
Vibrating area and cavitation erosion area limit Ni∈Si；
Or, solving constant flow model according to the second constraint condition to obtain unit job control scheme, the second constraint condition
Include:
Power limit N outimin<Ni<Nimax
Vibrating area and cavitation erosion area limit Ni∈Si；
Control program includes optimal number of units, combination, start and stop order and optimum load dispatch.
A kind of optimal operation control system, comprising:
Curve generation module, for obtaining head-guide vane opening-unit output curve corresponding with Hydropower Plant；
Model generation module, for according to head-guide vane opening-unit output curve building constant flow model or constant load
Model；
Computing module, for solving constant flow model or constant load model to obtain unit job control scheme；
Control module, for controlling the operation in power station according to control program.
In a kind of wherein embodiment, curve generation module includes:
Initial adjustment unit, for adjusting the head of Hydropower Plant at maximum head or at minimum head；
First acquisition unit, for obtaining guide vane opening-power curve under current head；Particularly for each machine
Power generating value is successively adjusted from small to large to each testing site, and the guide vane opening being recorded under power generating value, obtains every machine by group
Guide vane opening-power curve of the group under current head；Testing site includes multiple testing sites within the scope of unit output；
Second acquisition unit obtains every machine for adjusting the head of Hydropower Plant at next hydrohead test point
Guide vane opening-power curve of the group under different heads；
Fitting unit, for all guide vane opening-power curves to be fitted generation head-using least square method
Guide vane opening-unit output curve.
In a kind of wherein embodiment, model generation module is specifically used for the load of setting Hydropower Plant, according to water
Head-guide vane opening-unit output curve, and constant load mould is constructed by the guide vane opening that unit capacity ratio converts different units
Type, constant load model are as follows:
Wherein,
aimin<ai<aimax
Ni=fi(ai) it is the functional relation contributed with guide vane opening；aiFor the guide vane opening of i-th unit；KiIt is i-th
Unit rated capacity value；aimaxFor the maximum opening of i-th unit guide vane；aiminFor i-th unit guide vane minimum aperture；Ni is
The power output of i-th unit；kmaxThe maximum unit capacity value of capacity in all units；N is unit number of units；NiGo out for i-th unit
Power；N is power station gross capability；
Alternatively, for setting the load of Hydropower Plant, according to head-guide vane opening-unit output curve and same
Letter under functional relation, same head under head between unit guide vane opening and flow between the different same guide vane openings of unit
Number relationship, constructs constant load model, constant load model are as follows:
Wherein, a=min (g1(a1)+g2(a1)+...+gn(a1))=min (a1+a2...an)；
aimin<ai<aimax；
Functional relation under same head between unit guide vane opening and flow is Qi=gi(ai)；It is different under same head
Functional relation between the same guide vane opening of unit is ai=gi(aj)；Unit output and the unit guide vane opening under same head
Between relationship Ni=fi(ai)。
In a kind of wherein embodiment, model generation module, specifically for setting the flow of Hydropower Plant, according to water
Relationship between head-guide vane opening-unit output curve and unit guide vane opening and flow constructs constant flow model, constant flow
Model are as follows:
Wherein:
Q=g1(a1)+g2(a2)+…+gn(an)=Q1+Q2+…+Qn
aimin<ai<aimax
Wherein, the relationship Q between unit guide vane opening and flowi=gi(ai), QiMachine flow is crossed for unit i；Same water
The lower relationship N between unit output and the unit guide vane opening of headi=fi(ai)；
In a kind of wherein embodiment, computing module is specifically used for according to the first constraint condition, solve load model with
Unit job control scheme is obtained, the first constraint condition includes:
Power limit N outimin<Ni<Nimax
Vibrating area and cavitation erosion area limit Ni∈Si；
Or, solving constant flow model for according to the second constraint condition to obtain unit job control scheme, the second constraint
Condition includes:
Power limit N outimin<Ni<Nimax
Vibrating area and cavitation erosion area limit Ni∈Si；
Control program includes optimal number of units, combination, start and stop order and optimum load dispatch.
The optimal operation control method tests Hydropower Plant by scene, it is opposite to obtain Hydropower Plant
Head-guide vane opening-unit output the curve answered.Constant flow model or constant load model, and solving model are generated according to curve
Control program is obtained to control the operation of hydroelectric power plant according to control program.This method is run by field experiment and obtains the power station
Actual head-guide vane opening-unit output the curve of unit, and mathematical model, obtained control program are constructed according to the curve
Live machine unit characteristic can more be met, to reduce error, realize optimal operation, and the number such as guide vane opening, unit output
It is at low cost according to the data that can be utilized in existing unit automation control system, without increasing additional software and hardware cost.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart of optimal operation control method；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram in unit water supply power station；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram in co-supplying power station；
Fig. 4 is a kind of the functional block diagram of optimal operation control system.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of optimal operation control method, comprising:
S10: head-guide vane opening-unit output curve corresponding with Hydropower Plant is obtained.
By testing to Hydropower Plant, it is bent to obtain the corresponding head-guide vane opening of Hydropower Plant-unit output
Line.Head-guide vane opening-unit output curve includes that hydrostatic head-guide vane opening-unit output curve or net water head-guide vane are opened
Degree-unit output curve.
Power station can be divided into unit water supply power station and co-supplying power station.Unit water supply power station, i.e., each unit
One aqueduct, as shown in Fig. 2, it is to be connected to the hydraulic turbine by aqueduct that power station water flow, which flows through the hydraulic turbine, head, guide vane are opened
Degree determines, it is determining to flow through unit flow then and be, acquisition is then hydrostatic head-guide vane opening-unit output curve.Hydrostatic head is logical
It crosses after acquisition water levels of upstream and downstream counts, upstream water level meter subtracts level of tail water meter and obtains, and loses without calculated water head.And water level
Generally there is installation in meter power station, without additional hardware cost.
Co-supplying power station a, as shown in figure 3, general pipeline is divided into multiple branch pipe access hydraulic turbines, head, guide vane opening
It determines, then flows through whether a certain unit flow is also opened with other units, flow through that how many flow have relationship, acquisition is then net
Head-guide vane opening-unit output curve.
S30: according to head-guide vane opening-unit output curve building constant flow model or constant load model.
Certain power station automation conditions are low, and anhydrous rain is fine, hydrographic data, and no reservoir operation or water forecast are according to water rain
Fine, hydrographic data provides accurate inflow forecast and power station power generation water Optimized Operation.Therefore power station using high water head power generation as principle,
The full factory's total load in power station is rule of thumb set, then according to program distribution load, practical is that constant load generates electricity, and it is fixed to generally use
Load model.Also some middle-size and small-size power stations, scheduling will not given load examination, according to water is carried out, maximally utilize come water hair
Electricity, that is, constant flow.So the middle usual constant flow model of small plant just uses the constant flow model of this paper.
For large-scale power station or the power station of high degree of automation, load is examined in general scheduling meeting.Therefore it generates electricity
Amount scheduling has given, therefore can construct constant load model according to net water head-guide vane opening-unit output curve.
S50: constant flow model or constant load model are solved to obtain unit job control scheme.
S70: the operation in power station is controlled according to control program, so that the optimization in power station is run.
The optimal operation control method tests Hydropower Plant by scene, it is opposite to obtain Hydropower Plant
Head-guide vane opening-unit output the curve answered.Constant flow model or constant load model, and solving model are generated according to curve
Control program is obtained to control the operation of hydroelectric power plant according to control program.This method is run by field experiment and obtains the power station
Actual head-guide vane opening-unit output the curve of unit, and mathematical model, obtained control program are constructed according to the curve
Live machine unit characteristic can more be met, to reduce error, realize optimal operation, and the number such as guide vane opening, unit output
It is at low cost according to the data that can be utilized in existing unit automation control system, without increasing additional software and hardware cost.
In a particular embodiment, step S10 includes:
S11: guide vane opening-power curve obtaining step.
It specifically includes:
S11: the head of the Hydropower Plant is adjusted at maximum head or at minimum head.
Specifically, maximum head or minimum head are target head, can according to the actual conditions of the currently practical head in power station,
It adjusts apart from nearest target head.
S12: guide vane opening-power curve obtaining step, comprising: for each unit, successively by power generating value from it is small to
Big adjust arrives each testing site, and the guide vane opening being recorded under the power generating value, obtains every unit under current head
Guide vane opening-power curve.
Specifically, be unloaded to maximum output by unit output range, the Selection experiment point within the scope of unit output.Test
Points distribution and points situation, select sparse according to the actual situation.
S13: the head of the Hydropower Plant is adjusted at next hydrohead test point, is repeated step S12, is obtained every
Guide vane opening-power curve of the unit under different heads.
Specifically, a hydrohead test point under maximum head to minimum head interval selection, repeats step S12, testing site
Distribution can be uneven, and testing site number selects according to the actual situation.Unit test head is from minimum to maximum or from being up to
Minimum is decided by that unit first time test head is maximum head or minimum head.It is next to unit to adjust current head
At hydrohead test.
The functional relation N to contribute under different heads with guide vane openingi=fi(ai).I indicates i-th unit.
S14: all guide vane opening-power curves are fitted generation head-guide vane opening-using least square method
Unit output curve.
Head-guide vane opening-unit output the curve, live actual motion test obtain, and more meet live machine unit characteristic.
In another embodiment, step S50 constructs constant load mould according to head-guide vane opening-unit output curve
Type includes: the load for setting Hydropower Plant, according to head-guide vane opening-unit output curve, and presses unit capacity ratio
Convert the guide vane opening building constant load model of different units, constant load model are as follows:
Wherein,
aimin<ai<aimax
Ni=fi(ai) it is the functional relation contributed with guide vane opening；aiFor the guide vane opening of i-th unit；KiIt is i-th
Unit rated capacity value；aimaxFor the maximum opening of i-th unit guide vane；aiminFor i-th unit guide vane minimum aperture.kmaxInstitute
There is the maximum unit capacity value of capacity in unit；N is unit number of units；NiFor i-th unit output；N is power station gross capability.
The constant load model is suitable for middle-size and small-size power station, and because it is automated, condition is relatively low, and cost of investment is smaller, and optimization is exhausted
It is relatively also smaller to being worth.Therefore, different units are converted in guide vane opening with the comparison of scale by unit rated capacity.?
In the constant situation of head, unit crosses machine flow and guide vane opening is constant relationship.In the case that load is certain, by calculating guide vane
The minimum value of aperture sum, determines load shifting rate.The guide vane opening of different units passes through unit capacity ratio approximate transform.
In another embodiment, step S50 constructs constant load mould according to head-guide vane opening-unit output curve
Type includes: the load for setting Hydropower Plant, according to unit under head-guide vane opening-unit output curve and same head
Functional relation under functional relation, same head between guide vane opening and flow between the different same guide vane openings of unit, structure
Build constant load model, constant load model are as follows:
Wherein, a=min (g1(a1)+g2(a1)+...+gn(a1))=min (a1+a2...an)；
aimin<ai<aimax；
Functional relation under same head between unit guide vane opening and flow is Qi=gi(ai)；It is different under same head
Functional relation between the same guide vane opening of unit is ai=gi(aj)；Unit output and the unit guide vane opening under same head
Between relationship Ni=fi(ai)。
The constant load module is suitable for the power station of large-scale power station or high degree of automation.It is special to obtain unit for test at the scene
When linearity curve, different guide vane openings, by portable type ultrasonic flowmeter measuring flow or other measurement method measuring flows,
Obtain a certain head, the relationship Q between unit guide vane opening and flowi=gi(ai) and same head, different units are same to lead
Functional relation a between leaf aperturei=gi(aj), i.e., same scale is converted by the ratio between flow.Use portable ultraphonic wave current
Flowmeter measurement flow saves hardware cost it is not necessary that ultrasonic flowmeter is fixedly mounted.
In another embodiment, step S50 constructs constant load mould according to head-guide vane opening-unit output curve
The step of type includes: the flow for setting Hydropower Plant, according to head-guide vane opening-unit output curve and unit guide vane
Relationship between aperture and flow constructs constant flow model, constant flow model are as follows:
Wherein:
Q=g1(a1)+g2(a2)+…+gn(an)=Q1+Q2+…+Qn
aimin<ai<aimax
Wherein, the relationship Q between unit guide vane opening and flowi=gi(ai), QiMachine flow is crossed for unit i；Same water
The lower relationship N between unit output and the unit guide vane opening of headi=fi(ai)。
Acquisition when obtaining machine unit characteristic curve by testing at the scene, specifically, a certain head, different guide vane openings are led to
It crosses portable type ultrasonic flowmeter measurement or other conventional portable measurement of discharge modes measures flow.
In another embodiment, step S70 includes: to solve load model according to the first constraint condition to obtain machine
Group job control scheme, the first constraint condition include:
Power limit N outimin<Ni<Nimax
Vibrating area and cavitation erosion area limit Ni∈Si；
Or, solving constant flow model according to the second constraint condition to obtain unit job control scheme, the second constraint condition
Include:
Power limit N outimin<Ni<Nimax
Vibrating area and cavitation erosion area limit Ni∈Si；
Specifically, considering the constraint condition of guide vane opening, unit vibration area and cavitation erosion area are avoided, when solving a minimum value,
Under a certain head, the transient state optimal solution of sharing of load between unit.It is asked using Dynamic Programming, equal incremental algorithm or genetic algorithm
Corresponding model is solved to obtain unit job control scheme, is worked optimal number of units, combination, start and stop order and optimal with obtaining unit
Sharing of load.
This method is run by field experiment obtains the actual head-guide vane opening of the Hydropower Plant-unit output song
Line, and mathematical model is constructed according to the curve, obtained control program can more meet live machine unit characteristic, thus reduce error,
Realize optimal operation.And the data such as guide vane opening, unit output can be using in existing unit automation control system
Data, without increasing additional software and hardware cost.Optimal operation control method of the invention is suitable for difference
The power station of scale and different automation conditions.
As shown in figure 4, a kind of optimal operation control system, comprising:
Curve generation module 10, it is bent for obtaining head-guide vane opening corresponding with Hydropower Plant-unit output
Line, head-guide vane opening-unit output curve are hydrostatic head-guide vane opening-unit output curve or net water head-guide vane opening-
Unit output curve.
By testing to Hydropower Plant, it is bent to obtain the corresponding head-guide vane opening of Hydropower Plant-unit output
Line.Head-guide vane opening-unit output curve includes that hydrostatic head-guide vane opening-unit output curve or net water head-guide vane are opened
Degree-unit output curve.
Power station can be divided into unit water supply power station and co-supplying power station.Unit water supply power station, i.e., each unit
One aqueduct, as shown in Fig. 2, it is to be connected to the hydraulic turbine by aqueduct that power station water flow, which flows through the hydraulic turbine, head, guide vane are opened
Degree determines, it is determining to flow through unit flow then and be, acquisition is then hydrostatic head-guide vane opening-unit output curve.Hydrostatic head is logical
It crosses after acquisition water levels of upstream and downstream counts, upstream water level meter subtracts level of tail water meter and obtains, and loses without calculated water head.And water level
Generally there is installation in meter power station, without additional hardware cost.
Co-supplying power station a, as shown in figure 3, general pipeline is divided into multiple branch pipe access hydraulic turbines, head, guide vane opening
It determines, then flows through whether a certain unit flow is also opened with other units, flow through that how many flow have relationship, acquisition is then net
Head-guide vane opening-unit output curve.
Model generation module 20, for constructing constant flow model according to head-guide vane opening-unit output curve or bearing calmly
Lotus model.
Certain power station automation conditions are low, and anhydrous rain is fine, hydrographic data, and no reservoir operation or water forecast are according to water rain
Fine, hydrographic data provides accurate inflow forecast and power station power generation water Optimized Operation.Therefore power station using high water head power generation as principle,
The full factory's total load in power station is rule of thumb set, then according to program distribution load, practical is that constant load generates electricity, and it is fixed to generally use
Load model.Also some middle-size and small-size power stations, scheduling will not given load examination, according to water is carried out, maximally utilize come water hair
Electricity, that is, constant flow.So the middle usual constant flow model of small plant just uses the constant flow model of this paper.
For large-scale power station or the power station of high degree of automation, load is examined in general scheduling meeting.Therefore it generates electricity
Amount scheduling has given, therefore can construct constant load model according to net water head-guide vane opening-unit output curve.
Computing module 30, for solving constant flow model or constant load model to obtain unit job control scheme.
Control module 40, for controlling the operation in power station according to control program.
The optimal operation control method tests Hydropower Plant by scene, it is opposite to obtain Hydropower Plant
Head-guide vane opening-unit output the curve answered.Constant flow model or constant load model, and solving model are generated according to curve
Control program is obtained to control the operation of hydroelectric power plant according to control program.This method is run by field experiment and obtains the power station
Actual head-guide vane opening-unit output the curve of unit, and mathematical model, obtained control program are constructed according to the curve
Live machine unit characteristic can more be met, to reduce error, realize optimal operation, and the number such as guide vane opening, unit output
It is at low cost according to the data that can be utilized in existing unit automation control system, without increasing additional software and hardware cost.
In a particular embodiment, curve generation module 10 includes:
Initial adjustment unit, for adjusting the head of the Hydropower Plant at maximum head or at minimum head.
Specifically, maximum head or minimum head are target head, can according to the actual conditions of the currently practical head in power station,
It adjusts apart from nearest target head.
First acquisition unit, for obtaining guide vane opening-power curve under current head；Particularly for each machine
Group is successively adjusted power generating value from small to large to each testing site, and the guide vane opening being recorded under the power generating value, is obtained every
Guide vane opening-power curve of the platform unit under current head；The testing site includes multiple tests within the scope of unit output
Point.
Specifically, be unloaded to maximum output by unit output range, the Selection experiment point within the scope of unit output.Test
Points distribution and points situation, select sparse according to the actual situation.
Second acquisition unit obtains every for adjusting the head of the Hydropower Plant at next hydrohead test point
Guide vane opening-power curve of the platform unit under different heads.
In maximum head to minimum head interval selection hydrohead test point, testing site distribution can be uneven, test points
It selects according to the actual situation.Unit test head is decided by that unit tries for the first time from minimum to maximum or from minimum is up to
Testing head is maximum head or minimum head.Current head is adjusted at the next hydrohead test of unit.
The functional relation N to contribute under different heads with guide vane openingi=fi(ai).I indicates i-th unit.
Fitting unit, for all guide vane opening-power curves to be fitted generation head-using least square method
Guide vane opening-unit output curve.
Head-guide vane opening-unit output the curve, live actual motion test obtain, and more meet live machine unit characteristic.
In another embodiment, model generation module 20 is specifically used for the load of setting Hydropower Plant, according to water
Head-guide vane opening-unit output curve, and constant load mould is constructed by the guide vane opening that unit capacity ratio converts different units
Type, constant load model are as follows:
Wherein,
aimin<ai<aimax
Ni=fi(ai) it is the functional relation contributed with guide vane opening；aiFor the guide vane opening of i-th unit；KiIt is i-th
Unit rated capacity value；aimaxFor the maximum opening of i-th unit guide vane；aiminFor i-th unit guide vane minimum aperture.kmaxInstitute
There is the maximum unit capacity value of capacity in unit；N is unit number of units；NiFor i-th unit output；N is power station gross capability.
The constant load model is suitable for middle-size and small-size power station, and because it is automated, condition is relatively low, and cost of investment is smaller, and optimization is exhausted
It is relatively also smaller to being worth.Therefore, different units are converted in guide vane opening with the comparison of scale by unit rated capacity.?
In the constant situation of head, unit crosses machine flow and guide vane opening is constant relationship.In the case that load is certain, by calculating guide vane
The minimum value of aperture sum, determines load shifting rate.The guide vane opening of different units passes through unit capacity ratio approximate transform.
In another embodiment, model generation module 20 is specifically used for the load of setting Hydropower Plant, according to water
It is functional relation under head-guide vane opening-unit output curve and same head between unit guide vane opening and flow, same
Functional relation under head between the same guide vane opening of different units, constructs constant load model, constant load model are as follows:
Wherein, a=min (g1(a1)+g2(a1)+...+gn(a1))=min (a1+a2...ai)；
aimin<ai<aimax；
Functional relation under same head between unit guide vane opening and flow is Qi=gi(ai)；It is different under same head
Functional relation between the same guide vane opening of unit is ai=gi(aj)。
The constant load module is suitable for the power station of large-scale power station or high degree of automation.It is special to obtain unit for test at the scene
When linearity curve, different guide vane openings, by portable type ultrasonic flowmeter measuring flow or other measurement method measuring flows,
Obtain a certain head, the relationship Q between unit guide vane opening and flowi=gi(ai) and same head, different units are same to lead
Functional relation a between leaf aperturei=gi(aj), i.e., same scale is converted by the ratio between flow.Use portable ultraphonic wave current
Flowmeter measurement flow saves hardware cost it is not necessary that ultrasonic flowmeter is fixedly mounted.
In another embodiment, according to model generation module 20, specifically for setting the flow of Hydropower Plant, root
Constant flow model is constructed according to the relationship between head-guide vane opening-unit output curve and unit guide vane opening and flow, it is fixed
Discharge model are as follows:
Wherein:
Q=g1(a1)+g2(a2)+…+gn(an)=Q1+Q2+…+Qn
aimin<ai<aimax
Wherein, the relationship Q between unit guide vane opening and flowi=gi(ai),QiMachine flow is crossed for unit i.Same water
The lower relationship N between unit output and the unit guide vane opening of headi=fi(ai)；
Acquisition when obtaining machine unit characteristic curve by testing at the scene, specifically, a certain head, different guide vane openings are led to
It crosses portable type ultrasonic flowmeter measurement or other conventional measurement portable flow modes measures flow.
In another embodiment, computing module 30, are specifically used for according to the first constraint condition, solve load model with
Unit job control scheme is obtained, the first constraint condition includes:
Power limit N outimin<Ni<Nimax
Vibrating area and cavitation erosion area limit Ni∈Si；
Or, solving constant flow model for according to the second constraint condition to obtain unit job control scheme, the second constraint
Condition includes:
Power limit N outimin<Ni<Nimax
Vibrating area and cavitation erosion area limit Ni∈Si；
Control program includes optimal number of units, combination, start and stop order and optimum load dispatch.
Specifically, considering the constraint condition of guide vane opening, unit vibration area and cavitation erosion area are avoided, when solving a minimum value,
Under a certain head, the transient state optimal solution of sharing of load between unit.According to constraint condition, calculated using Dynamic Programming, equal incremental
Method or genetic algorithm solve corresponding model to obtain unit job control scheme, with obtain unit work optimal number of units, combination,
Start and stop order and optimum load dispatch.
The system is run by field experiment obtains the actual head-guide vane opening of the Hydropower Plant-unit output song
Line, and mathematical model is constructed according to the curve, obtained control program can more meet live machine unit characteristic, thus reduce error,
Realize optimal operation.And the data such as guide vane opening, unit output can be using in existing unit automation control system
Data, without increasing additional software and hardware cost.Optimal operation control method of the invention is suitable for difference
The power station of scale and different automation conditions.
Each technical characteristic of above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily, for simplicity of description, not to above-described embodiment
In each technical characteristic it is all possible combination be all described, as long as however, the combination of these technical characteristics be not present lance
Shield all should be considered as described in this specification.
Only several embodiments of the present invention are expressed for above embodiments, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but can not
Therefore it is construed as limiting the scope of the patent.It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art,
Under the premise of not departing from present inventive concept, various modifications and improvements can be made, and these are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Therefore, the scope of protection of the patent of the invention shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of optimal operation control method characterized by comprising
Head-guide vane opening-unit output curve corresponding with Hydropower Plant is obtained,
According to the head-guide vane opening-unit output curve building constant flow model or constant load model；
The constant flow model or the constant load model are solved to obtain unit job control scheme；
The operation in the power station is controlled according to the control program；
It is described acquisition and Hydropower Plant head-guide vane opening-unit output curve the step of include:
The head of the Hydropower Plant is adjusted at maximum head or at minimum head；
Guide vane opening-power curve obtaining step, comprising: for each unit, power generating value is adjusted from small to large successively and is arrived
Each testing site, and the guide vane opening being recorded under the power generating value obtain guide vane opening-of the every unit under current head
Power curve；The testing site includes multiple testing sites within the scope of unit output；
The head of the Hydropower Plant is adjusted at next hydrohead test point, the guide vane opening-power curve is repeated and obtains
Step is taken, guide vane opening-power curve of the every unit under different heads is obtained；
All guide vane opening-power curves are fitted generation head-guide vane opening-unit output using least square method
Curve.
2. optimal operation control method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described according to the head-
The step of guide vane opening-unit output curve building constant load model includes:
The load for setting the Hydropower Plant holds according to the head-guide vane opening-unit output curve, and by unit
Amount ratio converts the guide vane opening building constant load model of different units, the constant load model are as follows:
Wherein,
aimin<ai<aimax
Ni=fi(ai) it is the functional relation contributed with guide vane opening；aiFor the guide vane opening of i-th unit；KiFor i-th unit
Rated capacity value；aimaxFor the maximum opening of i-th unit guide vane；aiminFor i-th unit guide vane minimum aperture, kmaxInstitute is organic
The maximum unit capacity value of capacity in group；N is unit number of units；NiFor i-th unit output；N is power station gross capability；
Alternatively, set the load of the Hydropower Plant, according to the head-guide vane opening-unit output curve and same
Letter under functional relation, same head under head between unit guide vane opening and flow between the different same guide vane openings of unit
Number relationship, constructs constant load model, the constant load model are as follows:
Wherein, a=min (g1(a1)+g2(a1)+...+gn(a1))=min (a1+a2...an)；
aimin<ai<aimax；
Functional relation under same head between unit guide vane opening and flow is Qi=gi(ai)；Different units under same head
Functional relation between same guide vane opening is ai=gi(aj)；Under same head between unit output and the unit guide vane opening
Relationship Ni=fi(ai)。
3. optimal operation control method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that according to the head-guide vane
The step of aperture-unit output curve building constant flow model includes:
The flow for setting the Hydropower Plant is opened according to the head-guide vane opening-unit output curve and unit guide vane
Relationship between degree and flow constructs constant flow model, the constant flow model are as follows:
Wherein:
Q=g1(a1)+g2(a2)+…+gn(an)=Q1+Q2+…+Qn
aimin<ai<aimax
Wherein, the relationship Q between unit guide vane opening and flowi=gi(ai), QiMachine flow is crossed for unit i；Under same head
Relationship N between unit output and the unit guide vane openingi=fi(ai)。
4. optimal operation control method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that it is characterized in that, described ask
The constant flow model or the constant load model are solved to obtain includes: the step of unit job control scheme
According to the first constraint condition, the load model is solved to obtain unit job control scheme, first constraint condition
Include:
Power balance
Power limit N outimin<Ni<Nimax
Vibrating area and cavitation erosion area limit Ni∈Si；
Or, solving the constant flow model according to the second constraint condition to obtain unit job control scheme, second constraint
Condition includes:
Flow equilibrium
Power limit N outimin<Ni<Nimax
Vibrating area and cavitation erosion area limit Ni∈Si；
The control program includes optimal number of units, combination, start and stop order and optimum load dispatch.
5. a kind of optimal operation control system characterized by comprising
Curve generation module, for obtaining head-guide vane opening-unit output curve corresponding with Hydropower Plant；
Model generation module, for according to the head-guide vane opening-unit output curve building constant flow model or constant load
Model；
Computing module, for solving the constant flow model or the constant load model to obtain unit job control scheme；
Control module, for controlling the operation in the power station according to the control program；
The curve generation module includes:
Initial adjustment unit, for adjusting the head of the Hydropower Plant at maximum head or at minimum head；
First acquisition unit, for obtaining guide vane opening-power curve under current head；Particularly for each unit, according to
It is secondary to adjust power generating value to each testing site, and the guide vane opening being recorded under the power generating value from small to large, obtain every machine
Guide vane opening-power curve of the group under current head；The testing site includes multiple testing sites within the scope of unit output；
Second acquisition unit obtains every machine for adjusting the head of the Hydropower Plant at next hydrohead test point
Guide vane opening-power curve of the group under different heads；
Fitting unit, for all guide vane opening-power curves to be fitted generation head-guide vane using least square method
Aperture-unit output curve.
6. optimal operation control system according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the model generation module tool
Body is used to set the load of the Hydropower Plant, according to the head-guide vane opening-unit output curve, and presses unit
Capacity ratio converts the guide vane opening building constant load model of different units, the constant load model are as follows:
Wherein,
aimin<ai<aimax
Ni=fi(ai) it is the functional relation contributed with guide vane opening；aiFor the guide vane opening of i-th unit；KiFor i-th unit
Rated capacity value；aimaxFor the maximum opening of i-th unit guide vane；aiminFor i-th unit guide vane minimum aperture；Ni is i-th
The power output of unit；kmaxThe maximum unit capacity value of capacity in all units；N is unit number of units；NiFor i-th unit output；N
For power station gross capability；
Alternatively, the load for setting the Hydropower Plant, according to the head-guide vane opening-unit output curve, and
Under functional relation, same head under same head between unit guide vane opening and flow between the different same guide vane openings of unit
Functional relation, construct constant load model, the constant load model are as follows:
Wherein, a=min (g1(a1)+g2(a1)+...+gn(a1))=min (a1+a2...an)；
aimin<ai<aimax；
Functional relation under same head between unit guide vane opening and flow is Qi=gi(ai)；Different units under same head
Functional relation between same guide vane opening is ai=gi(aj)；Under same head between unit output and the unit guide vane opening
Relationship Ni=fi(ai)。
7. optimal operation control system according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the model generation module,
Specifically for setting the flow of the Hydropower Plant, led according to the head-guide vane opening-unit output curve and unit
Relationship between leaf aperture and flow constructs constant flow model, the constant flow model are as follows:
Wherein:
Q=g1(a1)+g2(a2)+…+gn(an)=Q1+Q2+…+Qn
aimin<ai<aimax
Wherein, the relationship Q between unit guide vane opening and flowi=gi(ai), QiMachine flow is crossed for unit i；Under same head
Relationship N between unit output and the unit guide vane openingi=fi(ai)。
8. optimal operation control system according to claim 5, which is characterized in that computing module is specifically used for
According to the first constraint condition, the load model is solved to obtain unit job control scheme, first constraint condition includes:
Power balance
Power limit N outimin<Ni<Nimax
Vibrating area and cavitation erosion area limit Ni∈Si；
Or, for according to the second constraint condition, the constant flow model is solved to obtain unit job control scheme, described second
Constraint condition includes:
Flow equilibrium
Power limit N outimin<Ni<Nimax
Vibrating area and cavitation erosion area limit Ni∈Si；
The control program includes optimal number of units, combination, start and stop order and optimum load dispatch.
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| CN106523260B (en) * | 2016-11-17 | 2018-10-19 | 贵州电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of sequence of Hydropower Plant efficiency and load distribution method based on guide vane opening |
| CN106603654A (en) * | 2016-12-10 | 2017-04-26 | 浙江知水信息技术有限公司 | Method for using model and automatic device to realize automatic and remote management of hydropower station |
| CN106712004A (en) * | 2017-01-10 | 2017-05-24 | 南京河海南自水电自动化有限公司 | Standard output curve-based hydraulic power plant unit optimization method |
| CN108153155B (en) * | 2017-12-30 | 2020-09-01 | 华能澜沧江水电股份有限公司 | Hydropower station flood discharge gate modeling and calculating method based on multiple regression algorithm |
| CN108223258B (en) * | 2018-01-16 | 2023-12-15 | 衢州市信安水电开发有限公司 | Automatic optimization method for radial flow hydropower station |
| CN108335045B (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2021-07-27 | 赵明星 | Automatic optimization method for radial flow type hydropower station based on opening degree adjustment |
| CN109143893B (en) * | 2018-09-19 | 2021-06-15 | 国网湖南省电力有限公司 | Water turbine characteristic acquisition method based on real machine actual measurement |
| CN111810345A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2020-10-23 | 河南郑大水利科技有限公司 | Method and system for leveling front pool water level of radial flow type hydropower station |
| CN112818549B (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2022-09-30 | 四川大学 | Hierarchical dimension reduction dynamic planning method for hydropower station load optimized distribution |
| CN113361818B (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2023-09-22 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Medium-and-long-term power generation optimization method and system for hydroelectric generating set |
| CN113565672B (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2022-11-22 | 湖南五凌电力科技有限公司 | Operation control method and device for hydroelectric generating set and storage medium |
| CN114856901A (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2022-08-05 | 国家能源集团新疆开都河流域水电开发有限公司 | Method and system for adjusting opening degree of guide vane of speed regulator of water turbine |
| CN114037194B (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2022-04-19 | 南京佰思智能科技有限公司 | Hydroelectric power plant power generation load prediction system and method based on machine learning |
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