CN105848964B - 针对功能和耐久性的热电串、板和封套的设计 - Google Patents
针对功能和耐久性的热电串、板和封套的设计 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种热电设备,其包括双层泡沫细长板,并且具有***的热电串,所述热电设备并入到座垫、种植盆和电池热管理器中。对所述串和所述板的若干加强相比于现有技术提高了其耐久性、视觉吸引力和触觉吸引力。
Description
发明人:塔里克·马坎西、约翰·L·富兰克林、马克·N·埃弗斯、凯文·福布斯、桑托斯·多明格斯、迈克尔·萨托。
在我们先前的提交于2011年5月4日的美国专利申请序列号13/101,015和提交于2012年3月5日的美国专利申请序列号13/394,288以及提交于2011年9月12日的PCT申请序列号PCT/US11/51227和提交于2013年7月12日的PCT申请序列号14/025,495中,我们描述了一种热电加热和冷却***,其包括编织到绝缘板中的连接的热电元件串,所述绝缘板可以由软材料构成,比如由泡沫、记忆泡沫、棉絮或天然纤维等构成。导体材料在该板的任一侧扩展以在一侧分布热量并在另一侧进行冷却。以这种方式用热电加热和冷却升级的此类材料或表面称为分布式热电板。在我们先前的申请中,还描述了该绝缘板与床垫、椅子和毯子的集成。最终结果是向寝具、座椅、毯子、电子器件和其他产品添加了相对低成本的分布式加热和冷却。
本发明为加热和冷却产品及其组件提供了相比现有技术的各种加强和改进。本发明介绍了针对加热和冷却办公室座垫、电池热管理***和植物土壤温度控制***的新设计。此外,本发明提供了针对热电串设计的、提高办公室座垫的耐久性的改进,以及提高座垫的触觉和视觉吸引力的其他改进。
更具体而言,根据本发明,我们提供了用于改善舒适性并节约能源的加热和冷却办公室座垫、用于控制土壤温度和提高植物产率的加热和冷却种植盆,以及用于改善电池功率和安全性的电池热管理***。我们还提供了用于热电串的应变消除装置的各种设计,该应变消除装置在所述热电串与座垫结合并长期使用时提高其耐久性。最后,我们提供了垫子封套和泡沫表面的图案化设计以同时改善垫子的触觉感受和视觉外观。
更具体而言,我们提供了一种热电冷却设备,其包括***到多层泡沫叠层中的热电串,其中第一层针对柔软性而优化,并且第二层针对柔软性与气流相结合而优化。在一个实施方式中,所述热电冷却设备并入到包括风扇和电源的座垫中。
在一个实施方式中,所述设备包括以下特征中的一个或多个:用于临时无绳操作的电池、当不使用时关闭所述设备的占用开关、用于改变对所述热电串施加的电压或电流的幅度和极性的装置、电子器件外壳。
在另一实施方式中,所述设备允许气流在多个方向上离开以补偿一个方向上的堵塞。
在又一实施方式中,所述第二层具有支柱以允许其间的气流。在这样的实施方式中,支柱的横截面优选地为圆形、正方形、六边形或八边形。另外,支柱优选地通过模塑、通过镂铣或者通过线性丝线切割而形成,其中所述丝线切割优选地采用热丝、磨料丝或振动丝。此外,如果需要,所述支柱可以逐行交错以使气流的均匀性最大化。
在一个实施方式中,所述热电串还包括应变消除装置以防止所述串的丝线在反复和长期使用中断裂。在这样的实施方式中,所述应变消除装置优选地是泡沫插塞,其封装所述热电元件并具有用于让串的丝线伸出所述插塞的通道,其中所述泡沫插塞优选地具有Y形切口形状或钻孔。在另一实施方式中,所述设备包括由乳胶、橡胶、硅酮、特氟龙(Teflon)、聚氨酯或塑料制成的管和瓣片或接管头,其可选地与另一材料相结合以隔绝连接所述热电元件的连结线。
在又一实施方式中,所述应变消除装置包括沿着所述串附接并延伸超出所述热电元件的带,其中所述带由泡沫、橡胶、塑料、特氟龙、凝胶或固化液构成。在这样的实施方式中,所述带优选地包含纤维以提高其拉伸强度,其中所述纤维是玻璃、尼龙或布。
在另一实施方式中,所述应变消除装置包括与线股编织在一起的布。
在另一实施方式中,所述第一泡沫层中的热电元件和散发丝线的平面以基本上小于90度的角与所述设备的表面相交。
在这样的实施方式中,所述热电元件优选地放置在所述支柱正上方或者所述支柱上方和之间。
在另一实施方式中,所述表面上的编织丝线股被塑形用以提高它们在应力下伸长或以其他方式移动的能力。
在另一实施方式中,热电串的丝线放置在所述泡沫层中,使得在使用期间的应力循环避免所述丝线的弯曲的塑性变形状况。
或者,所述热电元件放置在所述第一泡沫层中的泡沫的瓣片下方。
在一个实施方式中,在所述成股丝线之间沿着所述表面添加材料以使所述表面更光滑。在这样的实施方式中,所述材料优选地在坚固度或轮廓高度或全部两个方面与所述成股丝线相匹配。
在一个实施方式中,所述设备由包括织物、橡胶、乙烯树脂、皮革或其他座椅覆盖材料等纹理化材料所覆盖。在这样的实施方式中,所述纹理通过压花或附加缝制而形成。此外,在这样的实施方式中,所述纹理特征的尺寸和间隔优选地紧密匹配于所述成股丝线的尺寸和间隔。
在一个实施方式中,所述设备并入到包含用于植物的土壤的盆的周界。
在这样的实施方式中,所述热电板优选地夹在所述盆的两个壁之间,并且气流可选地在自然或强制对流(“convection”)的夹层之外。
在一个实施方式中,所述设备并入到电池的外部以进行热管理,或者与散热器相结合以使气流层移动至另一位置。在其他此类实施方式中,所述散热器优选地包含流体流或相变材料。
图1(a)-图1(d)示出了在办公室和家中使用的用于提高舒适度并且节省中央加热和冷却所耗能量的低成本垫子的内部部分。
图2(a)-图2(b)示出了包括用于在垫子中使用的绝缘板和气流层的双层泡沫构造。
图3(a)-图3(b)示出了针对用于在垫子中使用的气流层的两种设计的气流分布的仿真结果。
图4(a)-图4(b)示出了如何能够通过对用于在垫子中使用的气流层中的泡沫进行线性切割而对用于气流层的圆形支柱加以近似。
图5(a)-图5(e)示出了针对热电串的应变消除装置的各种设计,以在与垫子结合并长期使用时提高其耐久性。
图6(a)-图6(h)示出了热电串的修改配置,用以在与垫子结合并长期使用时提高其耐久性。
图7(a)-图7(c)示出了使用热电板中的现有材料或添加新材料以使表面更光滑从而在与垫子结合时提升视觉外观和触觉感受的方法。
图8(a)-图8(b)示出了用于在覆盖垫子时装饰性地隐藏热电串的不规则表面外观和感受的纹理化封套。
图9(a)-图9(b)示出了如何通过控制植物的土壤温度来提高植物的产率,并且列出了从土壤温度控制获益的一些植物。
图10(a)-图10(d)示出了实现对种植盆中的土壤进行加热和冷却的本发明实施方式。
图11示出了用于加热和冷却电池以控制其温度的热电板和气流***。
图12(a)-图12(c)示出了如何能够将热电板与散热器相结合以帮助将气流***移动至板的侧面。
在提交于2013年7月12日的在先专利申请序列号14/025,495中,发明人描述了位于热电板下方的泡沫支柱阵列如何能够允许气流跨过由编织的或成股的丝线制成的热交换器。附接至绝缘泡沫层的支柱允许独立的垂直移动,从而均匀地分布压力。发明人在提交于2013年7月12日的专利申请序列号14/025,495中展示了该构造可以在无论下方为何种垫子的情况下都保留其压力分布特性,这是可以应用于各种表面的通用加热/冷却层的显著特征。
在本申请中,我们展示了用于制造支柱并优化其形状、保护丝线和热电元件免受循环应力、使表面光滑以及使用少量部件并以低制造成本构建完整的加热和冷却垫子的方法。
图1(a)-图1(d)示出了全外形尺寸的垫子的内部。图1a示出了两个泡沫层101和106,所述泡沫层如申请序列号14/025,495中所描述那样布置,并且具有***到顶层中的热电串103和位于底层中的支柱106。如图1c的底部视图中所示,由成股丝线制成的热交换器107暴露在气流层中。在图1c的中心处的红色按钮108是按钮开关,其充当用以在用户坐在或躺在垫子上时开启加热或冷却的占用开关。占用传感器可以替代所述开关,但并不局限于此。这样的向控制电子器件进行输入的传感器可以执行相同的功能。
图1b示出了位于垫子背面、与板分离的电子器件外壳102。该外壳包含或者可以包含风扇109、气流导管105、控制电子器件、接线104、电源连接器、开关、旋钮和电池。如图1a中箭头所示,风扇109从垫子的正面抽吸空气105。如图1c中所示,假设用户处于如图1c中的特写视图中所示的就坐位置,风扇推动空气105向上但对角地远离用户。
图2(a)-图2(b)示出了制造出的双层泡沫叠层的两个视图,其具有一个用支柱图案化的层112和106。首先,针对舒适和感受而为连续层111选择最佳类型的泡沫,这是因为该层将会成为垫子的泡沫表面。接下来,为支柱层112和106选择最佳类型的泡沫以允许在受到用户压力时的气流。为了开始制造,将每种类型泡沫的两个连续层粘结在一起。继而,形成支柱。图2(a)-图2(b)示出了使用镂铣机形成的支柱,该镂铣机铣出支柱之间的通道。还可以使用热丝切割机来形成支柱,其中该热丝穿过U形路径以构建出通道,但并不仅限于此。可以同时采用许多热丝以提高吞吐量,但并不仅限于此。另外,图2(a)-图2(b)中的图案化支柱106和112可以在生产泡沫时形成在模具中,但并不仅限于此。连续层111可以在支柱层112和106的顶部形成到位,或者在以后粘结。
由发明人进行的分析和仿真表明,像图2(a)-图2(b)中那样的正方形支柱106并非用于气流的最佳形状。如图3a和图3b中图示的计算机辅助分析所表明,交错的圆形支柱106允许更均匀的气流105。
图4(a)-图4(b)示出了如何能够使用热丝切割机来对圆形支柱加以近似。图4a示出了沿着虚线的4个热丝切割方向如何能够用剩余的泡沫基底材料112形成八边形支柱106。图4b示出了沿着虚线的3个热丝切割方向如何能够形成六边形支柱106。可以用磨料丝锯或振动操作来替代热丝切割操作,但并不仅限于此。
图5(a)-图5(e)示出了对基底热电串的许多不同的设计加强,以在放入垫子中经过许多就坐循环后保护丝线在经过反复弯曲循环后不发生断裂。这些加强的目的是限制丝线在弯曲循环期间的弯曲半径。业内早已公知,对丝线的弯曲半径设置下限可以使其弯曲循环寿命提高若干个数量级。
图5a示出了呈圆柱形201的闭孔泡沫插塞。该插塞可以具有位于侧面的Y形切口用于放置热电接头,但并不仅限于此。或者,所述插塞可以具有位于中心的孔并且所述接头从上方***该孔。Y形切口或孔允许热电接头的两个连线202和一个环路204通出泡沫插塞的路径。选择泡沫的硬度,以便在受到来自正上方的压缩时导致丝线发生逐渐但不严重的弯曲。通过防止在丝线与接头的附接位置的急剧弯曲而在泡沫插塞内保护丝线与接头的附接。为此而使用的材料可以是闭孔泡沫、开孔泡沫、聚苯乙烯泡沫、橡胶、塑料或凝胶,但并不仅限于此。
图5b示出了用于保护热电串的另一方法。在此,部分地切开一定长度的乳胶管205以形成两个瓣片。所述瓣片保护离开接头的两个连线,而管状部分保护环路与接头的附接。为此而使用的这种材料可以是硅酮、聚氨酯、塑料、特氟龙、凝胶或任何其他类似的材料,但并不仅限于此。
图5c示出了用于保护热电串的又一方法。在此,将一定长度的玻璃纤维带206附接至接头的外部并在表面沿着环路和连线延伸超出90度角。粘附至丝线和接头的带在存在该带的所有点处强加中等的弯曲半径。所使用的材料可以是泡沫带、橡胶带、电工带、编织塑料带、塑料带、特氟龙带、凝胶带或具有粘合剂的任何其他类似材料,或者不含粘合剂的材料,诸如在放置后固化的液态塑料,但并不仅限于此。
图5d示出了用于保护热电串的另一方法。在此,使用与婴儿奶瓶中所使用的奶嘴类似的乳胶接管头207来限制弯曲半径并保护丝线与板的附接。使用泡沫插塞208来保持连线之间的电绝缘。将环路丝线布设穿过位于接管头的窄端的孔。将连线布设在接管头的宽端之上。该接管头形状可以由硅酮、聚氨酯、橡胶、塑料、特氟龙、凝胶或任何其他类似的材料制成,但并不仅限于此。
图5e示出了一定长度的成股丝线209,其与布纤维相结合以改善连线的拉伸强度和减小丝线上的弯曲应力。当垫子承受人体躯干的重量时,压缩使泡沫的表面伸长,这转而在连线上施加拉伸应力。
现在,我们以实现耐久性并且可预测的方式进一步归纳热电条带的设计。金属丝线折曲继而断裂的物理过程起因于每次弯曲的反复弱化。如果丝线的强度在每次应力循环下即便发生轻微弱化,则在消费品的耐久性所要求的3000至100000次应力循环之后很可能发生断裂。通过观察金属丝线的变形可以预测其在每次折曲下的轻微弱化。如果丝线在折曲后恢复初始形状,则变形是弹性的。如果丝线的形状在折曲后发生改变,则变形是塑性的。丝线的塑性变形改变了其物理性质并使丝线弱化。丝线的反复塑性变形必定会导致断裂。丝线的反复弹性变形将会持续更久。在耐久性测试的第一次循环中可以对***到板中的热电条带观察到塑形变形或弹性变形。因此,在热电板的第一次循环下的变形的性质可以预测其耐久性。此外,可以设计热电板使其仅发生弹性变形或避免塑性变形,或者两者兼具,如在耐久性测试的第一次循环或少量循环中所验证的那样。
图6(a)-图6(d)示出了热电条带在板中所呈现的两种设计。出于说明的目的而未示出板。图6a是传统设计,其具有位于板内的垂直接头210、沿着板的表面的水平连线202和在接头下方的位于气流层中的卷曲热交换器。如图6b中所示,在用标准耐久性测试的等效位移对该条带施加压缩之后,条带中的丝线发生塑性变形。
图6c示出了成角度的设计的端视图,其中包含接头210的线的平面以45度角与沿着表面的连线202的平面相交。图6d示出了一次应力循环之后的串,该应力循环将条带压缩到非常窄的垂直间隙。图6d中的条带的静止形状在压缩应力之后恢复到图6c的形状,从而表明没有塑性变形。本发明涵盖在应力循环中避免塑性变形的所有热电条带设计,但并不仅限于此。
图6c的成角度的设计可以***图1a中的垫子101的泡沫板内,使得图6c中的接头210位于图1a中的支柱106上方或支柱之间。将接头放置在支柱上方允许接头在剧烈压缩下受到支柱的承垫。将接头放置在支柱之间允许丝线在柔软泡沫中更自由地弯曲并因此更不容易发生塑性变形。根据应力条件和两个泡沫层的弹簧常数,这两种放置位置各具优点。
图6e至图6f示出了对连线202中的编织股进行塑形如何能够使***在应力测试中更耐久。当人坐在办公室垫子上时,在连线202被迫伸长以适应在泡沫中造成的凹陷时,会发生办公室垫子的一种失效形式。对于图6a中的渔网编织索带,编织物的外侧股缺乏足够的游隙以适应必要的伸长,这导致丝线股上与接头处接合之处的拉伸应力。图6f至图6h示出了对连线进行塑形以实现更大游隙并因此实现在应力下的伸长能力的步骤。首先,在图6f中,将连线202的末端向内推向彼此,这在丝线上创造出包围空腔的鼓胀部。接下来,在图6g中,该鼓胀部分折叠成Z形,这缩短了连线从末端到末端的长度。继而,展平折叠以实现图6h中的最终形状。注意,在图6h中折叠如何随着连线的末端被彼此拉离而减少。连线中的这样的游隙允许在就坐于在表面上具有这些连线202的垫子上的人的应力下的进一步伸长。
如前文所述,保持丝线的曲率半径对于防止丝线在垫子中的热电板的反复入坐循环下发生断裂是至关重要的。此外,出于触觉和视觉吸引力而期望使泡沫表面尽可能光滑。图7(a)至图7(c)示出了用于在丝线沿着表面转动时保护丝线以及附加地用于使表面光滑的低成本方法。如图7a中所示,使用以一定角度***到表面中的U形刀片在泡沫中切出瓣片301。抬起泡沫的瓣片301,并将热电接头直***至气流层。继而,如图7b中所示,瓣片301恢复至其初始位置。现在,在丝线202沿着表面转动90度的点处存在于丝线上方和下方的泡沫限制了在压应力和滚转应力下的曲率。这种使用瓣片的方法还减少了表面的“鸡蛋盒状”不规则性,这种不规则性是由于丝线202被布设进入和离开表面泡沫而自然地造成的。图7b的表面仍然是不规则的,这是因为丝线202的轮廓高度和刚度比泡沫表面更高。这种不规则性很容易通过许多不同类型的封套而看到和感受到。厚封套可以减少这种不规则性,但厚封套也会使板的热性能劣化。因此,需要更好的解决方案来使表面光滑而不引入热阻。图7c示出了这样的用于使表面光滑的方法。将具有与丝线202相似的轮廓高度和刚度的材料302放置在丝线周围。在图7c中,所述材料是帆布。可以使用与编织丝线的高度相匹配的任何材料,但并不仅限于此。该材料可以是有弹性的,以在使用中与下面的垫子的吊床式变形(hammock deformation)相匹配。该材料可以由固体聚氨酯片材、带、氨纶布、闭孔泡沫片材或其他合适的材料制成,但并不仅限于此。
在本专利申请以及先前专利申请的热电板的所有实施方式中,沿着表面的连结线在靠近所加热或冷却的人的皮肤时,即,当丝线上的封套较薄时最有效。然而,人手可以透过光滑的薄封套感觉到这些丝线,而这样的触觉是不期望的。而且,一些封套将会在使用期间在丝线之上延展,并且随时间推移而保持永久延展,从而对封套造成明显的袋状图案。在图8(a)-图8(b)中涉及了解决这些问题的封套的设计。
图8a示出了压花的床罩401和缝制的纺织品图案402,其可以用作热电板上的封套。这样的封套由例如床单织物等薄材料制成,但压花或缝制在表面轮廓中创造出了凸峰和凹谷。沿着具有这样的封套的热电板移动的人手将无法对压花或缝制的凸峰和凹谷与下面的丝线的感觉加以区分,尤其是但不限于在压花或缝制特征的间隔和尺寸与丝线的间隔和尺寸相仿的情况下。这些封套还视觉上创造出这样的图案:其与可能随时间推移而发生在丝线上的封套延展所引起的任何袋状图案在视觉上无法区分。并且,由于压花的织物401在人的重量下展平并且在402中的缝制区域非常小,因此使用中的净厚度是非常薄的。因而,这些图案化的织物解决了在封套之下的丝线的问题,优化了视觉外观、触觉感受和热性能。图8b示出了针对皮革的若干压花图案。再一次地,压花特征在人的重量下展平,从而允许在接触区域中良好的热传导。
热电串、板和可能的气流层的另一应用是用于为植物控制土壤的温度。图9a示出了植物的产率是土壤温度的强函数。植物通常归类为具有产率曲线501的“冷季型”植物、具有产率曲线502的“温季型”植物和具有曲线503的“暖季型”植物。这三条曲线分别具有大约65F、75F和85F的最佳土壤温度。图9b示出了这三个类别中的植物的列表。期望在冬季种植暖季型植物而在夏季种植冷季型植物,以及能够在单一环境中种植混合的植物组合。控制土壤温度支持对土壤产率的优化以及植物热环境方面的灵活性。
图10a示出了包含土壤的种植盆,其中通过热电串和板来控制土壤的温度。需要绝热的顶层504来防止热量通过表土传递,并且该层可以由装饰性浮石或具有良好绝热性能的其他材料制成。所述盆由内壁505和外壁506构成。在这两个壁之间的是热电板。图10a的装置不包含气流层,这是因为当土壤被冷却时自然对流从壁506移除热量。通过反转热电板中的电流,土壤得到加热而不是冷却。图10b中的温度探头示出了靠近侧面506的土壤为67.4F;图10c示出了盆中心土壤的温度为70.0F而周围温度为79.6F。这些温度读数是在稳态条件下取得的,并且示出了通过热电板将土壤从周围环境冷却了约10华氏度,从而满足了覆盖图9(a)中所示的+或-10F的最佳温度范围的要求。图10d示出了通过对热电板施加6.3伏特和2.11安培实现了这样的结果,所述热电板包括85个接头的热电串。
热电串、板和可能的气流层的又一应用是电池的热管理。出于三个原因需要控制电池温度:效率、寿命和安全性。图11示出了热电串202和210如何在一侧与电池602热接触以及在另一侧与包含移动的空气105的可能的气流层热接触。或者,与环路丝线热接触的冷板可以替代气流层。如果电池外部的温度不利地影响其超出热电板的区域中的温度,则添加绝热容器601。
热电板的许多应用受到的挑战在于具有覆盖板的一整面的气流层。举例而言,在座椅和寝具中,在板的下方并且在用户的重量下形成气流层在一些情况下提出了设计和外形尺寸的挑战。在这些情况下,具有可以将多余热量移动至对于气流层或其他热交换器更便利的另一位置的散热器是有帮助的。图12a图示了具有位于内部的移动流体的薄板701,该移动流体非常有效地将热量从平坦区域移动至侧面。图12b示出了来自ThermAvantTechnologies,Inc.的、使用这种方法来散热的实际产品。在图12c中,该散热器701安装在热电板111下方,并且与热电板111热接触。由于散热器701基本上非常有效地传导热量,因此可以将气流105或其他热交换器移动至另一位置。在图12c中,这个新位置在散热器701的末端。
本文描述的发明可以适用于座椅、座椅靠背、座椅上覆面、床上覆面、轮椅座垫、医院病床、动物床和办公椅,但并不仅限于此。
Claims (14)
1.一种热电冷却设备,其包括***到多层泡沫叠层中的热电串,其中所述多层泡沫叠层的第一层针对柔软性而优化,并且所述多层泡沫叠层的第二层包括支柱并针对柔软性与气流相结合而优化,其中所述热电串包括多个热电接头和多个连线,其中所述多个热电接头所在的平面与所述多个连线所在的平面分开并且以基本上小于90度的角相交,并且其中所述支柱(i)采用交错配置以使气流的均匀性最大化,和(ii)以允许独立的垂直移动的配置附接至所述第一层,从而均匀地分布压力。
2.如权利要求1所述的设备,其并入到座垫中,且还包括风扇和电源。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的设备,其允许所述气流在多个方向上离开以补偿一个方向上的堵塞。
4.如权利要求1所述的设备,其中:
(a)所述支柱的横截面是圆形、正方形、六边形或八边形;或
(b)所述支柱是通过模塑、通过镂铣或通过线性丝线切割而形成的,其中所述丝线切割采用热丝、磨料丝或振动丝。
5.如权利要求1所述的设备,其中所述热电串还包括应变消除装置以防止所述热电串在反复和长期使用中断裂。
6.如权利要求5所述的设备,其中:
(a)所述应变消除装置是泡沫插塞,其封装所述热电接头并具有用于让所述热电串伸出所述插塞的通道;
(b)所述应变消除装置是具有Y形切口形状或钻孔的泡沫插塞;
(c)所述应变消除装置包括由乳胶、橡胶、硅酮、特氟龙、聚氨酯或塑料制成的管和瓣片或接管头;
(d)所述应变消除装置包括沿着所述热电串附接并延伸超出所述多个热电接头的带,且其中所述带由泡沫、橡胶、塑料、特氟龙、凝胶或固化液构成;
(e)所述应变消除装置包括包含用以提高其拉伸强度的纤维的带,其中所述纤维是玻璃、尼龙或布;或
(f)所述应变消除装置是与所述热电串编织在一起的布。
7.如权利要求1所述的设备,其中所述热电串的连线由编织丝线制成,所述编织丝线被塑形用于允许所述连线伸长。
8.如权利要求7所述的设备,其中所述编织丝线的形状是所述热电串的每个连线的双次折叠。
9.如权利要求1所述的设备,其中所述热电接头放置在所述支柱正上方或者所述支柱之间。
10.如权利要求1所述的设备,其中所述热电串放置在所述多层泡沫叠层中,使得在使用期间的应力循环避免所述热电串的弯曲的塑性变形状况。
11.如权利要求1所述的设备,其中在成股丝线之间沿着表面添加材料以使所述表面更光滑,并且其中所述材料在坚固度或轮廓高度或者全部两方面与所述成股丝线相匹配。
12.如权利要求1所述的设备,还包括覆盖所述多层泡沫叠层的所述第一层的纹理化材料,所述纹理化材料包括纺织品、橡胶、乙烯树脂、皮革或其他座椅覆盖材料。
13.如权利要求1所述的设备,其并入到植物的盆的周界中,或者并入到电池外部用于热管理,并且其中所述热电冷却设备夹在所述盆的两个壁之间,并且/或者其中所述气流在自然或强制对流的夹层之外。
14.如权利要求1所述的设备,其与散热器相结合以将气流层移动至另一位置,其中所述散热器包含流体流或相变材料。
Applications Claiming Priority (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US201361899665P | 2013-11-04 | 2013-11-04 | |
US61/899,665 | 2013-11-04 | ||
US201461939619P | 2014-02-13 | 2014-02-13 | |
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US201462019849P | 2014-07-01 | 2014-07-01 | |
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