CN105845948B - A kind of preparation method of flower-shaped copper/cupric oxide Micron-nano composites carried noble metal fuel-cell catalyst - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of flower-shaped copper/cupric oxide Micron-nano composites carried noble metal fuel-cell catalyst Download PDFInfo
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- CN105845948B CN105845948B CN201610211099.9A CN201610211099A CN105845948B CN 105845948 B CN105845948 B CN 105845948B CN 201610211099 A CN201610211099 A CN 201610211099A CN 105845948 B CN105845948 B CN 105845948B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/88—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/8803—Supports for the deposition of the catalytic active composition
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/88—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/8825—Methods for deposition of the catalytic active composition
- H01M4/8842—Coating using a catalyst salt precursor in solution followed by evaporation and reduction of the precursor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of preparation method of flower-shaped copper/cupric oxide Micron-nano composites carried noble metal fuel-cell catalyst, belong to the synthesis technical field of fuel-cell catalyst.Technical scheme main points are:Using copper chloride as copper source, glucose is carbon source, cetyl trimethylammonium bromide is surfactant and structure directing agent, deionized water is solvent, the flower-shaped copper of Hydrothermal Synthesiss/cupric oxide Micron-nano composites, then obtain target product by being reacted after flower-shaped copper/cupric oxide Micron-nano composites functionalization with noble metal precursor body in the presence of reducing agent.Cupric oxide of the present invention by promoting catalysis, can improve the activity of noble metal catalyst as transition metal oxide, reduce the dosage of noble metal, reduce the cost of fuel-cell catalyst;Copper simple substance and cupric oxide composition composite, the addition of copper effectively enhance material electronicses conductive performance in carrier, the problem of improving transition metal oxide poorly conductive.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the synthesis technical field of fuel-cell catalyst, and in particular to a kind of flower-shaped copper/cupric oxide micro-nano
The preparation method of nano composite material carried noble metal fuel-cell catalyst.
Background technology
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells(PEMFC)As clean energy resource, fuel is renewable, wide material sources, deposit safety and
It is environment-friendly.In Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, catalyst is core component, and determines battery cost and performance
Critical material.The conventional carrier of fuel-cell catalyst has carbon black(XC-72), CNT(MWCNTs)With mesoporous carbon carrier
Deng.Carbon black is one of catalyst carrier being widely used at present, but its corrosion resistance is weaker, and stability is poor;Carbon nano tube surface
It is inert, lack active sites, noble metal granule is difficult to adhere in its surface uniform deposition;The porosity characteristic of mesoporous carbon causes part
Catalyst metals nano particle may be covered by duct, cause the utilization rate of catalyst to reduce.Therefore, developing one kind can
With improve the novel carriers of catalyst activity as fuel-cell catalyst synthesis technical field have major issue to be solved it
One.
In recent years, relevant transition metal oxide is as direct alcohol fuel cell(DAFC)Catalyst carrier and co-catalysis
The research of agent emerges in an endless stream.Main reason is that:Your gold one side transition metal oxide can improve by promoting catalysis
The activity of metal catalyst, the dosage of noble metal is reduced, and then reduce the cost of fuel-cell catalyst;Another aspect transition metal
Oxide can improve the electrochemical stability of catalyst, extend catalytic life.But at present not on flower-shaped copper/oxidation
The relevant report of copper Micron-nano composites carried noble metal fuel-cell catalyst preparation method.
The content of the invention
Present invention solves the technical problem that it there is provided a kind of flower-shaped copper/cupric oxide Micron-nano composites carried noble metal
The preparation method of fuel-cell catalyst, effectively increase the performance of fuel-cell catalyst.
The present invention adopts the following technical scheme that a kind of flower-shaped copper/cupric oxide is micro-nano compound to solve above-mentioned technical problem
The preparation method of material load noble metal fuel cell catalyst, it is characterised in that concretely comprise the following steps:
(1)Using copper chloride as copper source, glucose is carbon source, and cetyl trimethylammonium bromide is surfactant and structure
Directed agents, deionized water are solvent, and in 150-200 DEG C of hydro-thermal reaction 9-48h, product is washed through deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol
After be dried to obtain black powder product;
(2)By step(1)Obtained black powder product is placed in tube furnace calcines 3h in 800 DEG C, then takes out sample
It is scattered in the aqueous slkali that molar concentration is 0.5-3mol/L and is heated to reflux 1-5h, question response cools down after terminating and uses deionized water
Washing obtains flower-shaped copper/cupric oxide complexes carrier to neutrality after drying;
(3)By step(2)Obtained flower-shaped copper/cupric oxide complexes carrier is with sodium citrate ultrasonic disperse in water-alcohol solution
In, it is 10 to add noble metal precursor body and adjust the pH of reaction system, then adds after reducing agent reduction washing and dry
To flower-shaped copper/cupric oxide Micron-nano composites carried noble metal fuel-cell catalyst, wherein noble metal precursor body is
H2PtCl6、Na2PdCl4、RuCl3Or RhCl3In one or more, reducing agent KBH4、NaBH4, ascorbic acid, hydrazine hydrate,
H2Or CO.
Further preferably, the mass ratio of described copper chloride and glucose is 1:10-10:1, copper chloride and cetyl three
The mass ratio of methyl bromide ammonium is 1:20-20:1.
Further preferably, described aqueous slkali is potassium hydroxide solution, sodium hydroxide solution or ammonia spirit.
Further preferably, the pattern of described flower-shaped copper/cupric oxide complexes carrier is the radial flower type structure of multidimensional, its
Size is 1-5 μm.
Further preferably, described noble metal active component is Pt, Pd, PtPd, PtRu, PtRh, PdRu or PdRh.
Further preferably, described water-alcohol solution reclaimed water and the volume ratio of alcohol are 1:1, alcohol is specially methanol, ethanol or third
Alcohol.
The present invention has the advantages that compared with prior art:
1st, the present invention has synthesized flower-shaped copper/cupric oxide Micron-nano composites as fuel-cell catalyst carrier first,
The synthetic method is simple to operate, and yield is higher;
2nd, flower-shaped copper/cupric oxide Micron-nano composites that the present invention synthesizes have flower-shaped special construction, the special construction
Advantageous effect is served to the uniform load of noble metal catalyst, it is therefore prevented that the reunion of noble metal nano particles, therefore effectively carry
The high catalytic activity of catalyst;
3rd, flower-shaped copper/cupric oxide Micron-nano composites that the present invention synthesizes have larger specific surface area, while conductive
Property it is strong, be advantageous to mass transfer and electric current in the electrolytic solution and conduct;
4th, in flower-shaped copper/cupric oxide Micron-nano composites for synthesizing of the present invention cupric oxide as transition metal oxide,
The oxy radical on its surface has effectively slackened poisoning effect of the carbon monoxide class material to catalyst, flower-shaped copper/cupric oxide micro-nano
Copper improves the electric conductivity of the carrier in nano composite material, and serves surface modified good action, effectively increases
Catalyst degree of scatter and then enhance electro-chemical activity.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the SEM figures of flower-shaped copper/cupric oxide complexes carrier made from the embodiment of the present invention 1;
Fig. 2 is the XRD spectrum of flower-shaped copper/cupric oxide complexes carrier made from the embodiment of the present invention 1;
Fig. 3 is the embodiment of the present invention 1 and the electrochemistry cyclic voltammetry of Pt catalyst made from comparative example 1, comparative example 2
Curve comparison.
Embodiment
The above of the present invention is described in further details by the following examples, but this should not be interpreted as to this
The scope for inventing above-mentioned theme is only limitted to following embodiment, and all technologies realized based on the above of the present invention belong to this hair
Bright scope.
Embodiment 1
Take 3g copper chlorides, 1g glucose and 1g cetyl trimethylammonium bromides be dissolved in 30mL deionized waters be made into it is molten
Liquid, then in 160 DEG C of hydro-thermal reaction 36h, and product is washed several times through deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol, black is obtained after drying
Powdery product;Obtained black powder product is placed in tube-type atmosphere furnace and calcines 3h in 800 DEG C, then takes appropriate amount of sample
It is scattered in boiling water bath in the sodium hydroxide solution that molar concentration is 2mol/L and is heated to reflux 3h, its surface-functionalized processing is treated
Reaction is washed with deionized to neutrality after cooling after terminating, and the i.e. flower-shaped copper/cupric oxide of black powder sample is obtained after drying
Complexes carrier;Take the flower-shaped copper of 40mg/cupric oxide complexes carrier and 100mg sodium citrates ultrasonic disperse in volume ratio be 1:1
Water/alcohol mixeding liquid in, add 10mL noble metal precursor bodies H2PtCl6And the pH for adjusting reaction system is 10, is then added
KBH4It is washed with deionized and is put into vacuum drying chamber in 40 DEG C of dryings after reduction, finally obtains black objects product.By
Fig. 1 understands that target product made from the present embodiment is flower-like structure, and pattern is homogeneous, and diameter is about 3 μm.
Embodiment 2
Take 2g copper chlorides, 1g glucose and 1.5g cetyl trimethylammonium bromides be dissolved in 30mL deionized waters be made into it is molten
Liquid, then in 180 DEG C of hydro-thermal reaction 24h, and product is washed several times through deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol, black is obtained after drying
Powdery product;Obtained black powder product is placed in tube-type atmosphere furnace and calcines 3h in 800 DEG C, then takes appropriate amount of sample
It is scattered in boiling water bath in the sodium hydroxide solution that molar concentration is 3mol/L and is heated to reflux 2h, its surface-functionalized processing is treated
Reaction is washed with deionized to neutrality after cooling after terminating, and the i.e. flower-shaped copper/cupric oxide of black powder sample is obtained after drying
Complexes carrier;Take the flower-shaped copper of 40mg/cupric oxide complexes carrier and 100mg sodium citrates ultrasonic disperse in volume ratio be 1:1
Water/alcohol mixeding liquid in, add 10mL noble metal precursor bodies H2PtCl6And the pH for adjusting reaction system is 10, is then added
KBH4It is washed with deionized and is put into vacuum drying chamber in 40 DEG C of dryings after reduction, finally obtains black objects product.By
Fig. 2 understands that target product made from the present embodiment is copper/cupric oxide composite structure, occurs without impurity peaks, and diffraction maximum is sharp
Illustrate that crystallinity is preferable.
Embodiment 3
Take 20g copper chlorides, 5g glucose and 1g cetyl trimethylammonium bromides be dissolved in 30mL deionized waters be made into it is molten
Liquid, then in 200 DEG C of hydro-thermal reaction 18h, and product is washed several times through deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol, black is obtained after drying
Powdery product;Obtained black powder product is placed in tube-type atmosphere furnace and calcines 3h in 800 DEG C, then takes appropriate amount of sample
It is scattered in molar concentration and is heated to reflux 4h for boiling water bath in 2mol/L ammonia spirits, by its surface-functionalized processing, question response knot
It is washed with deionized after cooling after beam to neutrality, the i.e. flower-shaped copper/oxidation copper composition of black powder sample is obtained after drying
Carrier;Take the flower-shaped copper of 40mg/cupric oxide complexes carrier and 100mg sodium citrates ultrasonic disperse in volume ratio be 1:1 water/the third
In alcohol mixed liquor, 10mL noble metal precursor bodies Na is added2PdCl4And the pH for adjusting reaction system is 10, then adds KBH4Also
It is washed with deionized and is put into vacuum drying chamber in 40 DEG C of dryings after original, finally obtains black objects product.
Embodiment 4
Take 6g copper chlorides, 1g glucose and 2g cetyl trimethylammonium bromides be dissolved in 30mL deionized waters be made into it is molten
Liquid, then in 160 DEG C of hydro-thermal reaction 18h, and product is washed several times through deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol, black is obtained after drying
Powdery product;Obtained black powder product is placed in tube-type atmosphere furnace and calcines 3h in 800 DEG C, then takes appropriate amount of sample
It is scattered in boiling water bath in the sodium hydroxide solution that molar concentration is 1mol/L and is heated to reflux 3h, its surface-functionalized processing is treated
Reaction is washed with deionized to neutrality after cooling after terminating, and the i.e. flower-shaped copper/cupric oxide of black powder sample is obtained after drying
Complexes carrier;Take the flower-shaped copper of 40mg/cupric oxide complexes carrier and 100mg sodium citrates ultrasonic disperse in volume ratio be 1:1
Water/alcohol mixed solution in, add 5mL noble metal precursor bodies H2PtCl6With 5mL noble metal precursor bodies Na2PdCl4And adjust
The pH for saving reaction system is 10, then adds KBH4It is washed with deionized and is put into vacuum drying chamber dry in 40 DEG C after reduction
It is dry, finally obtain black objects product.
Embodiment 5
Take 5g copper chlorides, 3g glucose and 5g cetyl trimethylammonium bromides be dissolved in 30mL deionized waters be made into it is molten
Liquid, then in 150 DEG C of hydro-thermal reaction 48h, and product is washed several times through deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol, black is obtained after drying
Powdery product;Obtained black powder product is placed in tube-type atmosphere furnace and calcines 3h in 800 DEG C, then takes appropriate amount of sample
It is scattered in boiling water bath in the sodium hydroxide solution that molar concentration is 0.5mol/L and is heated to reflux 1h, by its surface-functionalized processing,
Question response is washed with deionized to neutrality after cooling after terminating, and the i.e. flower-shaped copper/oxidation of black powder sample is obtained after drying
Copper composition carrier;Take the flower-shaped copper of 40mg/cupric oxide complexes carrier and 100mg sodium citrates ultrasonic disperse in volume ratio be 1:
In 1 water/methanol mixed solution, 5mL noble metal precursor bodies H is added2PtCl6With 5mL noble metal precursor bodies RuCl3And adjust
The pH of reaction system is 10, then adds KBH4It is washed with deionized and is put into vacuum drying chamber dry in 40 DEG C after reduction
It is dry, finally obtain black objects product.
Comparative example 1
With multi-walled carbon nanotube(MWCNTs)Carried noble metal Pt makees to illustrate exemplified by catalyst.Take 40mg carriers
MWCNTs and 100mg sodium citrates ultrasonic disperse is 1 in volume ratio:In 1 water/ethanol solution, before adding 10mL noble metals
Drive body H2PtCl6And the pH for adjusting reaction system is 10, then adds after KBH4 is reduced to be washed with deionized and be put into vacuum and do
In 40 DEG C of dryings in dry case, black objects product is finally obtained.
Comparative example 2
Illustrated so that XC-72 carried noble metals Pt makees catalyst as an example.Take 40mg carrier XC-72 and 100mg citric acids
Sodium ultrasonic disperse is 1 in volume ratio:In 1 water/ethanol solution, 10mL noble metal precursor bodies H is added2PtCl6And adjust reaction
The pH of system is 10, then adds KBH4It is washed with deionized and is put into vacuum drying chamber in 40 DEG C of dryings after reduction, most
After obtain black objects product.
Embodiment 6
Equivalent is taken respectively(3mg)Embodiment 1 made from flower-shaped copper/cupric oxide load platinum catalyst(Pt/F-Cu/CuO)、
Pt/MWCNTs catalyst made from comparative example 1 and Pt/XC-72 catalyst made from comparative example 2, are dispersed in dispersant, then add
Enter PEM(Nafion), glassy carbon electrode surface will be coated in after mixed liquor ultrasound, using composition three-electrode system, passes through electricity
Chem workstation measures the electrocatalysis characteristic of the catalyst.Circulation volt of the catalyst to methanol, ethanol, ethylene glycol and glycerine
Pacify curve as shown in figure 3, our experiments show that, the electro-catalysis alcohols of flower-shaped copper/cupric oxide load platinum catalyst made from embodiment 1
Oxidation susceptibility is better than carbon nanotube carrier in comparative example(MWCNTs)And carbon black-supported(XC-72)Obtained catalyst.
The flower-shaped copper of the present invention/cupric oxide composite micro-nano rice material support load unitary, binary noble metal make catalyst, fit
For the catalysis oxidation of a variety of small molecule acids and alcohols, and there is good electro catalytic activity and stability.Pass through comparative example
Draw, compared with traditional carbon black and carbon nanotube carrier, flower-shaped copper/cupric oxide complexes carrier carried noble metal for being invented
The electro catalytic activity and stability of catalyst are more excellent, are a kind of fuel-cell catalysts with broad prospect of application.
Embodiment above describes the general principle of the present invention, main features and advantages, the technical staff of the industry should
Understand, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, the original for simply illustrating the present invention described in above-described embodiment and specification
Reason, under the scope for not departing from the principle of the invention, various changes and modifications of the present invention are possible, and these changes and improvements are each fallen within
In the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of preparation method of copper/cupric oxide Micron-nano composites carried noble metal fuel-cell catalyst, its feature exist
In concretely comprising the following steps:
(1)Using copper chloride as copper source, glucose is carbon source, and cetyl trimethylammonium bromide is surfactant and structure directing
Agent, deionized water are solvent, and in 150-200 DEG C of hydro-thermal reaction 9-48h, product is done after deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol washing
It is dry to obtain black powder product;
(2)By step(1)Obtained black powder product is placed in tube furnace calcines 3h in 800 DEG C, then takes out sample dispersion
1-5h is heated to reflux in the aqueous slkali that molar concentration is 0.5-3mol/L, question response is cooled down and is washed with deionized after terminating
To neutrality, copper/cupric oxide complexes carrier is obtained after drying;
(3)By step(2)Obtained copper/cupric oxide complexes carrier and sodium citrate ultrasonic disperse are in water-alcohol solution, then add
Enter noble metal precursor body and adjust reaction system pH be 10, then add reducing agent reduction after wash and be dried to obtain target production
Thing copper/cupric oxide Micron-nano composites carried noble metal fuel-cell catalyst, wherein noble metal precursor body are H2PtCl6、
Na2PdCl4、RuCl3Or RhCl3In one or more, reducing agent KBH4、NaBH4, ascorbic acid or hydrazine hydrate.
2. the system of copper according to claim 1/cupric oxide Micron-nano composites carried noble metal fuel-cell catalyst
Preparation Method, it is characterised in that:Described copper chloride and the mass ratio of glucose are 1:10-10:1, copper chloride and cetyl three
The mass ratio of methyl bromide ammonium is 1:20-20:1.
3. the system of copper according to claim 1/cupric oxide Micron-nano composites carried noble metal fuel-cell catalyst
Preparation Method, it is characterised in that:Described aqueous slkali is potassium hydroxide solution, sodium hydroxide solution or ammonia spirit.
4. the system of copper according to claim 1/cupric oxide Micron-nano composites carried noble metal fuel-cell catalyst
Preparation Method, it is characterised in that:The pattern of described copper/cupric oxide complexes carrier is the radial flower type structure of multidimensional, its size
For 1-5 μm.
5. the system of copper according to claim 1/cupric oxide Micron-nano composites carried noble metal fuel-cell catalyst
Preparation Method, it is characterised in that:Described noble metal is Pt, Pd, PtPd, PtRu, PtRh, PdRu or PdRh.
6. the system of copper according to claim 1/cupric oxide Micron-nano composites carried noble metal fuel-cell catalyst
Preparation Method, it is characterised in that:Described water-alcohol solution reclaimed water and the volume ratio of alcohol are 1:1, alcohol is specially methanol, ethanol or third
Alcohol.
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CN106694903B (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2018-09-14 | 济南大学 | A kind of CuCl/Cu2The preparation method and products obtained therefrom of O/Cu porous nano-sheets |
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