CN105845530B - Velocity modulation tube chamber and its assemble method with frequency continuous tuning device - Google Patents
Velocity modulation tube chamber and its assemble method with frequency continuous tuning device Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
- H01J23/12—Vessels; Containers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J9/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of velocity modulation tube chamber and its assemble method with frequency continuous tuning device, realize that resonant frequency is adjusted by the cooperation of interior tuning bar assembly, outer tuning bar assembly and support component, tuning block occupies little space, without additional extras；Good electrical contact and high mechanical properties are ensure that between diaphragm and cavity；Cooling water path, can quickly conduct the heat accumulated on diaphragm；Spring is placed between interior tuning plug and interior clamp, eliminates and is rocked between interior tuning bar assembly and outer tuning bar assembly caused by part mismatch error；Outer tuning plug outer wall thread and fixed swivel nut inner thread have the second pitch, the long bolt screw thread of outer tuning plug inner thread and interior tuning plug has the first pitch, second pitch is less than the first pitch, the accurate control to diaphragm deformation quantity is realized, so as to be continuously finely adjusted to cavity resonant frequency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of microwave and millimeter wave electric vacuum devices, in particular to a klystron cavity with a frequency continuous tuning device and an assembling method thereof.
Background
The klystron is a microwave and millimeter wave amplifier with high power, high gain and high efficiency, and has the advantages of stable and reliable operation and long service life, so that the klystron is widely applied to the fields of scientific research, national defense construction and industrial production. In the 40's of the 20 th century, klystrons made great progress in both theoretical and engineering implementations due to the needs of military radar technology development, while at the same time, in the field of high-energy physics research, klystrons began to be used as power sources for propelling electron linear accelerators. From the early 50 s, along with the development of computer technology, the efficiency and the power of the device are continuously optimized and improved by deeply analyzing the nonlinear wave-injection interaction process in the klystron and developing a corresponding design method. At present, the peak output power of an X-band klystron for a next generation linear accelerator reaches 75MW, and the continuous wave output power of a C-band klystron for plasma low-mixed wave heating in a thermonuclear fusion device reaches 500 kW. By adopting an extension interaction structure, the working frequency of the miniaturized klystron is gradually extended to millimeter wave, sub-millimeter wave and terahertz frequency bands, and the miniaturized klystron is applied to various mobile communication and detection devices.
In the klystron, the electron beam emitted by a cathode is modulated by a resonant cavity gap electric field to generate speed change, then the electron beam is converted into density modulation along with the influence of space charge waves in the electron beam, and finally highly clustered electron beams are gradually formed, and the scattered electron beam clusters excite an output cavity high-frequency electric field to give out energy to the outside. In the complex process, the influence of the tuning state of the resonant cavity on the whole interaction efficiency is very critical, and the cavity with frequency mismatch can cause the electron beam with abnormal and scattered axial speed, thereby causing the obvious reduction of the performance of the whole tube. Along with the improvement of the working frequency, the relative bandwidth of the klystron becomes narrow, the cavity frequency needs to be adjusted to adapt to different application requirements, and meanwhile, in order to overcome the structure and assembly errors introduced in the manufacturing and process links, the cavity frequency also needs to be finely adjusted in the hot testing process so that the whole tube state is optimal. Therefore, in the case where the frequency of the resonant cavity is strictly required, it is generally necessary to provide a dedicated tuning mechanism outside the cavity.
A mechanical tuning mechanism for S-band klystron resonators is described in 1993 paper by researchers of Atomic Energy of Canada Inc. (AECL) (Design of a Tuner and Adjustable RF Coupler for a CW 2856MHzRF Capity, M.S.de Jong, F.P.Adams, R.J.Burton et al, Proceedings of the 1993Particle Accelerator Conference, vol.2, pp.829-831), with reference to FIG. 1. The cavity is a flat axisymmetric cylindrical hollow structure with a drift channel in the middle, a hole is formed in the side wall 11 of the cavity, a tuning piston 12 is arranged on the side wall, a sleeve structure is arranged inside a connecting rod of the tuning piston 12 to form a cooling water passage, and a corrugated pipe 13 is used for sealing between the tuning mechanism and the cavity. Under the working state, an external additional actuator (such as a stepping motor) pushes the tuning piston to act, so that the precise tuning of the cavity frequency is realized.
The above solution has the technical drawback, however, that firstly, in the above solution of the canadian AECL company, the action of the tuning piston needs to be driven by an external actuator, and although the tuning precision is high, the actual klystrons usually contain a plurality of resonant cavities, and especially for small klystrons with high operating frequencies, the space for accommodating the actuator outside the device is very limited. In addition, the actuator requires additional power and control equipment to assist its proper operation, which adds complexity to the klystron as a basic component unit. Thus, the above-described solution is not suitable for use in a high-frequency-band klystron. Secondly, the cooling of the tuning piston is in a sleeve form, the difficulty in realizing the tuning piston in a small-size structure is high, and the cooling effect is limited when the water flow is small. The piston tuning mode needs to ensure good contact of the piston with the chamber side walls, otherwise gap sparking and microwave leakage problems can occur. Vacuum sealing cannot be guaranteed between the tuning piston and the cavity, gas residues are easy to form, and a vacuum exhaust system is required to be connected externally when necessary.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a klystron cavity with a frequency continuous tuning device and an assembling method thereof.
(II) technical scheme
The invention relates to a klystron cavity with a frequency continuous tuning device, which comprises: the cavity assembly 21 and the tuning assembly corresponding to the cavity assembly 21 can form a cavity chain comprising N cavities in series, and each cavity is fixedly connected with one tuning assembly; wherein the tuning assembly comprises: an inner tuning rod assembly, an outer tuning rod assembly and a support assembly; the inner tuning rod assembly comprising: the diaphragm 31 and the inner tuning rod are connected with each other, the inner tuning rod comprises a long screw 34, and the diaphragm 31 is connected with the cavity in a sealing mode; the outer tuning bar assembly comprises: the inner wall of the outer tuning rod 41 is in threaded connection with the long screw 34; the support assembly includes: the diaphragm tuning mechanism comprises a supporting rod 44, a fixed threaded sleeve 46 and a limiting cylinder 49, wherein the bottom end of the supporting rod is fixedly connected with the top surface of the cavity and supports the fixed threaded sleeve 46 and the limiting cylinder 49, the inner wall of the fixed threaded sleeve is in threaded connection with the outer wall of the outer tuning rod, and the limiting cylinder 49 and the fixed threaded sleeve 46 limit the rotating stroke range and path of the outer tuning rod so as to limit the deformation amount of the diaphragm.
Preferably: the middle part of the top surface of the cavity component is provided with a groove 22, the upper part of the groove is provided with a step structure 23, and N cavities can form a serial resonant cavity chain; the edge of the lower surface of the diaphragm is fixedly connected with a step structure 23 of a cavity groove, and the cavity groove is sealed to form a resonant cavity; the outer tuning bar assembly further comprises: and the limiting nut 42 is positioned between the limiting cylinder 49 and the fixed threaded sleeve (46), and the inner wall of the limiting nut is in threaded connection with the outer wall of the outer tuning rod.
Preferably, the thread of the long screw has a first pitch; the outer tuning rod 41 is a hollow rod-shaped structure, the inner wall thread of the outer tuning rod has a first thread pitch, and the outer wall thread of the outer tuning rod has a second thread pitch; the limiting nut 42 is of an annular structure, and the thread on the inner wall of the limiting nut has a second thread pitch; the fixed threaded sleeve 46 is of a tubular structure, and the thread on the inner wall of the fixed threaded sleeve has a second thread pitch; the second pitch is smaller than the first pitch so that the large stroke ratio of the outer tuning rod is converted into a small stroke of the inner tuning rod.
Preferably, the support assembly further comprises an outer clamping plate 48; the limiting cylinder 49 is of a hollow cylindrical structure, the size of a circular opening at the top end of the limiting cylinder is smaller than that of a circular opening at the bottom end of the limiting cylinder, the circular opening at the bottom end of the limiting cylinder is opposite to the position of a circular through hole in the middle of the outer clamping plate, and two symmetrical long grooves are axially arranged on the side wall at intervals of 180 degrees.
Preferably, the support assembly further comprises: an inner clamping plate 45 and a nut 47; the inner clamping plate 45 is a rectangular flat plate, a round through hole is formed in the middle of the inner clamping plate, the fixing threaded sleeve 46 is inserted into the round through hole, and two symmetrical round through holes matched with the supporting rods are formed in the two ends of the inner clamping plate; the outer clamping plate 48 is a rectangular flat plate, the middle part of one side of the outer clamping plate is provided with a rectangular groove with a middle circular through hole, two ends of the outer clamping plate are provided with two symmetrical circular through holes matched with the supporting rods, the limiting cylinder 49 is fixed on the other side of the outer clamping plate opposite to the rectangular groove, the top ends of the two supporting rods are respectively and sequentially inserted into the two circular through holes matched with the supporting rods of the inner clamping plate and the two circular through holes matched with the supporting rods of the outer clamping plate, the inner clamping plate 45 and the outer clamping plate 48 are screwed and fixed on the supporting rods 44 by nuts 47, and the fixing screw sleeve is limited by the rectangular; the tuning assembly further comprises a spring 51, and the inner tuning rod further comprises a block-shaped platform 35 connected with the long screw 34; one end of the spring 51 penetrates through the long screw 34 and is fixed on the block-shaped platform 35, and the other end penetrates through the bottom of the fixed threaded sleeve and is in contact with the lower bottom surface of the inner clamping plate, so that fastening force is provided.
Preferably, a water jacket base 32 and a water jacket 33 are connected between the diaphragm 31 and the inner tuning rod; the water jacket base 32 is of a boss-shaped structure, one end with a small cross section is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the diaphragm, the water jacket 33 is of a cavity structure with an opening at one end, two through holes are symmetrically formed in two inclined side walls of the water jacket base, the top surface of the water jacket base is fixedly connected with the inner tuning rod through a blind hole, the opening end of the water jacket base is hermetically connected with one end with a large cross section of the water jacket base, and the water jacket base 32 and the water jacket 33 form a cooling water passage.
The invention also provides an assembling method of the klystron cavity with the frequency continuous tuning device, which comprises the following steps: step A: preparing a cavity assembly 21, and hermetically connecting the membrane 31 with the cavity; and B: assembling the spring 51, the inner tuning rod assembly and the inner catch plate 45; and C: assembling the outer tuning rod assembly and the inner tuning rod assembly and adjusting the position of the outer tuning rod assembly; step D: installing an outer clamping plate component; and step E: and fastening the inner clamping plate 45 and the outer clamping plate assembly to manufacture the klystron cavity with the frequency continuous tuning device.
Preferably, the step B specifically includes: the spring 51 penetrates through the long screw 34, the lower end of the spring is fixedly placed on the block-shaped platform 35, the circular through hole of the inner clamping plate, which is matched with the supporting rod, penetrates through the top end of the supporting rod, and meanwhile, the middle circular through hole of the inner clamping plate penetrates through the long screw 34, so that the lower bottom surface of the inner clamping plate is in contact with the upper end of the spring.
Preferably, the step C specifically includes: substep C1: installing a limit nut 42 at a proper position of the outer tuning rod and locking, rotating a fixed threaded sleeve 46 to enable the fixed threaded sleeve to be tightly abutted against the limit nut 42, then rotatably installing an outer tuning rod 41 on a long screw rod 34 of the inner tuning rod, and fixing the outer tuning rod component on the inner tuning rod component; and sub-step C2: simultaneously, the outer tuning rod 41 and the fixed threaded sleeve 46 are rotated to press the inner clamping plate 45 downwards to the bottom of the thread at the top end of the supporting rod, the spring 51 is in a contraction state, the outer tuning rod 41 is rotated in the opposite direction, the position of the fixed threaded sleeve 46 is unchanged, the whole outer tuning rod assembly moves upwards, and the limiting nut 42 is separated from the fixed threaded sleeve 46.
Preferably: the step D specifically comprises the following steps: trying to install an outer clamping plate assembly, enabling a round through hole of an outer clamping plate, which is matched with the supporting rod, to penetrate through the top end of the supporting rod, enabling a limiting cylinder to penetrate through the outer tuning rod 41, embedding a hexagonal prism of a fixed screw sleeve into a rectangular groove of the outer clamping plate, and adjusting the relative positions of the outer tuning rod and a long screw rod of the inner tuning rod to enable a limiting nut 42 to be located in the middle of a long groove of the limiting cylinder; the step E specifically comprises the following steps: the nut 47 is rotatably mounted on the top end of the support rod so that the inner clamp 45 and the outer clamp assembly are pressed against the fixing screw 46 and are firmly mounted on the support rod 44.
(III) advantageous effects
According to the technical scheme, the klystron cavity with the frequency continuous tuning device and the assembling method thereof have the following beneficial effects:
(1) the adjustment of the deformation quantity of the diaphragm is realized through the matching of the inner tuning rod component, the outer tuning rod component and the supporting component, so that the resonant frequency of the cavity is adjusted, the tuning component has a compact structure, stable and reliable action and small occupied space, additional actuators, power supplies and control equipment are not required, and the tuning component is very suitable for small-space small-size high-frequency band klystron;
(2) the diaphragm is used as one wall surface of the cavity, the cavity frequency is changed through the tuning diaphragm, reliable seamless connection and vacuum sealing are arranged between the diaphragm and the cavity, and the diaphragm and the cavity are used as a whole to ensure good electric contact and high mechanical strength, so that the problems of microwave leakage and trace gas residue of a piston type tuning device are effectively solved, and particularly for a klystron in a high frequency band, the mode of tuning the cavity frequency by the diaphragm relative to a piston is more feasible and effective because the cavity size is smaller;
(3) the water jacket base and the water jacket which are made of oxygen-free copper materials have high thermal conductivity, heat accumulated on the diaphragm can be quickly conducted, cavity frequency change caused by thermal deformation of the diaphragm is effectively reduced by reducing the temperature of the diaphragm, and the problems of complex structure and poor cooling effect caused by directly placing a water channel in the tuning rod are solved;
(4) a spring is arranged between the inner tuning rod and the inner clamping plate, so that the shaking caused by the matching error of parts between the inner tuning rod assembly and the outer tuning rod assembly is eliminated, and the continuous and stable action of the inner tuning rod assembly is ensured;
(5) outer tuning rod outer wall screw thread and fixed swivel nut inner wall screw thread have the second pitch, and outer tuning rod inner wall screw thread and the long screw thread of interior tuning rod have first pitch, and the second pitch is less than first pitch, has realized the accurate control to diaphragm deformation volume to can finely tune the cavity resonant frequency continuously.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a mechanical tuning mechanism proposed by AECL of Canada for an S-band klystron resonator;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a klystron cavity with a frequency sequential tuning mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a chamber body assembly and a support rod according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the chamber body assembly is cut away;
FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of an inner tuning rod assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the water jacket base and water jacket in combination with a cutaway view of the water jacket according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a perspective schematic view and a cross-sectional view of an outer tuning bar assembly of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a perspective cross-sectional view of a support assembly of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view of an outer card assembly of an embodiment of the invention, with a spacing cylinder cut away;
FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a fixing nut according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic perspective view of a spring according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a half sectional and partially enlarged view of a klystron cavity with a frequency sequential tuning mechanism of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a flow chart of a method of assembling a klystron cavity with a frequency sequential tuning mechanism in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
[ notation ] to show
11-chamber side wall; 12-a tuning piston; 13-a bellows;
21-a cavity assembly; 22-a groove; 23-a step structure; 24-a drift head;
31-a membrane; 32-water jacket base; 33-water jacket; 34-long screw; 35-a block platform; 36-cylindrical short bar; 37-a circular truncated cone;
41-outer tuning rod; 42-a limit nut; 43-locking screws; 44-a support bar; 45-inner snap gauge; 46-fixed thread insert; 47-a nut; 48-an outer clamping plate; 49-spacing cylinder
51-spring.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
The characteristics of the klystron resonant cavity relate to macroscopic performance indexes such as output power, working bandwidth and the like, the resonant frequency of the resonant cavity is one of important characteristic parameters, and the resonant frequency can be adjusted by changing the volume of the resonant cavity. The invention provides a frequency continuous tuning device which is used for adjusting the resonant frequency of a resonant cavity of a klystron, so that the klystron can reach a state meeting the design requirement.
Referring to fig. 2 to 11, a first embodiment of the present invention provides a klystron tube cavity with a frequency continuous tuning device, comprising: cavity subassembly 21 and the tuning subassembly that corresponds with it, cavity subassembly 21 can be followed drift head installation direction and become N tandem cavity, and the actual klystron is including having a plurality of cavity subassemblies, and one set of tuning subassembly of every cavity equal fixed connection.
In fig. 2 and 3, N is 1, and it can be understood that the cavity chain of the klystron includes only one cavity and one set of tuning components (an actual klystron generally includes a plurality of resonant cavities), and two long side walls of the cavity each include a coaxial circular hole to accommodate the drift head 24.
The oblique cone of the drift head is provided with a groove to inhibit the adverse effect of secondary electrons, and in order to reduce the surface current loss and improve the heat conduction capability, the cavity assembly 21 and the drift head 24 are made of oxygen-free copper and are connected by brazing; to improve the tuning effect of the cavity frequency, the coaxial circular hole is not located at the geometric symmetry center of the cavity wall, but is close to the opening of the groove, so that the drift head 24 is also close to the opening of the groove.
Wherein each set of tuning assemblies comprises an inner tuning rod assembly, an outer tuning rod assembly, a support assembly and a spring 51.
Wherein the inner tuning rod assembly comprises: the diaphragm 31, the water jacket base 32, the water jacket 33 and the inner tuning rod consisting of the long screw 34, the circular truncated cone 37, the block platform 35 and the cylindrical short rod 36.
The edge of the lower surface of the diaphragm is fixedly connected with a step structure 23 of a cavity groove, and the cavity groove is sealed to form a resonant cavity; the water jacket base 32 is of a boss-shaped structure, and one end with a smaller cross section is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the diaphragm; the water jacket 33 is a cavity structure with an opening at one end, two through holes are symmetrically formed in two inclined side walls of the water jacket, a blind hole is formed in the top surface of the water jacket, the opening end of the blind hole is hermetically connected with one end of the water jacket base with a larger cross section, and the water jacket base 32 and the water jacket 33 form a cooling water passage; the cylindrical short rod of the inner tuning rod is fixed in the blind hole in the top surface of the water jacket, the top end of the cylindrical short rod is connected with a block-shaped platform 35, the top end of the block-shaped platform is connected with a circular truncated cone 37, the top end of the circular truncated cone is connected with a long screw 34, and the thread of the long screw has a first thread pitch.
Preferably, the membrane is made of high-strength non-magnetic stainless steel, and copper is coated after a compact nickel layer is electroplated on the surface of the membrane, so that the surface conductivity is increased, the current loss is reduced, and the quality factor of the cavity is improved; the through holes of the two inclined side walls of the water jacket are respectively used as a water inlet and a water outlet to be connected with an external thin copper pipe (not shown in the figure); the smaller end of the water jacket base section is connected with the diaphragm 31 in a brazing mode; the open end of the water jacket is in braze welding connection with the end with the larger cross section of the water jacket base, in order to enhance the heat dissipation effect, the water jacket base and the water jacket are made of oxygen-free copper, and heat generated by surface current loss on the diaphragm can be effectively taken away when the klystron works in long pulse or continuous wave, so that the structure and the resonant frequency of the cavity are stabilized; the inner tuning rod is made of nonmagnetic stainless steel and has a nickel-plated surface, and a cylindrical short rod 36 is inserted into a blind hole in the top surface of the water jacket and is connected by brazing.
Preferably, for a cavity with small power loss, the heat generation of the diaphragm is also small, and the water jacket base 32 and the water jacket 33 can be combined into a solid body without a cavity, so as to simplify the structure; the diaphragm 31 can also be made of copper-manganin-copper composite material, the manganin used as the core layer has higher strength, the copper layer on the outer side can be directly brazed, the high conductivity of the manganin can reduce the surface current loss, electroplating is not needed, and the process is simplified.
Wherein, outer tuning rod subassembly includes: an outer tuning rod 41, a limit nut 42 and three locking screws 43.
The outer tuning rod 41 is a hollow rod-shaped structure, the lower parts of the outer wall and the inner wall of the outer tuning rod are respectively engraved with threads, the threads of the inner wall have a first thread pitch, the threads of the outer wall have a second thread pitch, and the top end of the outer tuning rod is provided with a straight groove; the limiting nut 42 is of an annular structure, the inner wall of the limiting nut is provided with threads, the threads have a second thread pitch, three through screw holes are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the limiting nut, and the inner wall of the limiting nut is in threaded connection with the outer wall of the outer tuning rod; the locking screw 43 is a short cylinder, the top end of the locking screw is provided with a straight groove, the outer surface of the locking screw is provided with threads, three locking screws 43 are respectively in threaded connection with three through screw holes of the limiting nut, and the limiting nut 42 is locked to the outer tuning rod 41; the long screw 34 of the inner tuning rod is screwed into the inner wall of the outer tuning rod and the inner tuning rod and the outer tuning rod 41 are screwed together, wherein the second thread pitch is smaller than the first thread pitch.
The linear groove of the outer tuning rod is rotated by a special tool when the cavity frequency needs to be tuned.
Preferably, the outer tuning rod 41, the limit nut 42 and the locking screw 43 are all made of nonmagnetic stainless steel.
Wherein, the supporting component includes: the two-piece supporting rod 44, the inner clamping plate 45, the fixed threaded sleeve 46, the two-piece nut 47 and the outer clamping plate assembly composed of the outer clamping plate 48 and the limiting cylinder 49.
The support rod 44 is a cylindrical rod-shaped structure, the diameters of the two ends of the support rod are smaller than that of the middle section of the support rod, the top end of the support rod is provided with threads, and the bottom end of the support rod is inserted into a blind hole in the top surface of the cavity and is fixedly connected with the cavity.
Because the water jacket has openings in the sloped side walls, the support bar 44 does not spatially interfere with the external fine copper tubes.
The fixed screw sleeve 46 is of a tubular structure, the inner wall of the fixed screw sleeve is provided with threads with a second screw pitch, the top of the fixed screw sleeve is a hexagonal prism, the middle and the bottom of the fixed screw sleeve are cylinders, and the diameter of the cylinder at the bottom is smaller than that of the cylinder at the middle;
the inner clamping plate 45 is a rectangular flat plate, a round through hole is formed in the middle of the inner clamping plate, the fixing threaded sleeve 46 is inserted into the round through hole, the size of a middle cylinder of the fixing threaded sleeve is matched with that of the round through hole in the middle of the inner clamping plate, and two symmetrical round through holes matched with the supporting rods are formed in the two ends of the inner clamping plate;
the outer clamping plate 48 is a rectangular flat plate, the middle part of one side of the outer clamping plate is provided with a rectangular groove with a middle circular through hole, two ends of the outer clamping plate are provided with two symmetrical circular through holes matched with the supporting rods, the other side of the outer clamping plate opposite to the rectangular groove is fixed with a limiting cylinder 49, the limiting cylinder 49 is of a hollow cylinder structure, the size of a circular opening at the top end of the limiting cylinder is smaller than that of a circular opening at the bottom end, the circular opening at the bottom end of the limiting cylinder is opposite to the middle circular through hole of the outer clamping plate, two symmetrical long grooves are axially arranged on the side wall at intervals of 180 degrees, the top ends of the two supporting rods are respectively and sequentially inserted into the two circular through holes matched with the inner clamping plate and the circular through holes matched with the outer clamping plate, two nuts 47 are used for screwing and fixing the inner clamping plate 45 and the outer clamping plate 48 on the two supporting rods 44, the hexagonal prism of the fixed screw sleeve is limited by the rectangular groove of the outer, the limiting nut 42 is positioned between the top round opening of the limiting cylinder and the hexagonal prism of the fixed threaded sleeve, and the position of the limiting nut can be observed from the long groove of the limiting cylinder.
The limiting cylinder 49 is matched with a limiting nut fixed on the outer tuning rod, so that the rotating stroke range of the outer tuning rod is limited, and the deformation quantity of the diaphragm is ensured to be in a recoverable elastic deformation area, thereby effectively avoiding the irreversible plastic deformation of the metal diaphragm and preventing the characteristic of the cavity from being permanently changed; the position of the limit nut 42 in the whole stroke can be observed through the long groove formed in the limit cylinder, and the operator can estimate the deviation of the current cavity frequency relative to a reference value; the fixed turnbuckle 46, constrained jointly by the inner and outer clamping plates 45, 48, is free from rotation and axial movement perpendicular to the clamping plates, defining a spatial movement path for the outer tuning rod.
Preferably, the support rod 44 is made of non-magnetic stainless steel, the outer surface of the support rod is plated with nickel, and the inner clamping plate 45, the fixed threaded sleeve 46, the nut 47, the outer clamping plate 48 and the limiting cylinder 49 are made of non-magnetic stainless steel; the bottom end of the supporting rod is in brazing connection with the blind hole in the top surface of the cavity; the outer clamping plate 48 is connected with the limiting cylinder 49 through argon arc welding.
Wherein, both ends of the spring 51 are ground flat, one end of the spring passes through the long screw 34 of the inner tuning rod and is fixed on the block-shaped platform 35, and the other end of the spring passes through the bottom cylinder of the fixed screw sleeve and is contacted with the lower bottom surface of the inner clamping plate to provide fastening force.
Preferably, the spring 51 may be made of a high strength fatigue resistant beryllium bronze material.
In the klystron cavity with the frequency continuous tuning device of the first embodiment of the invention, the outer tuning rod is rotated to drive the inner tuning rod to vertically move up and down, and the vertical movement of the inner tuning rod vertically lifts or presses the diaphragm, so that the diaphragm is deformed, and the frequency of the cavity is further adjusted. For example, the inner tuning rod, the outer tuning rod and the fixed threaded sleeve all adopt right-handed threads, so that when the outer tuning rod is rotated clockwise, the inner tuning rod moves upwards to pull the diaphragm to reduce the cavity frequency, and when the outer tuning rod is rotated anticlockwise, the inner tuning rod moves downwards to press the diaphragm to increase the cavity frequency.
The klystron cavity with the frequency continuous tuning device has the advantages of compact structure, stable and reliable action, small occupied space, no need of additional actuators, power supplies and control equipment, and suitability for being used in a high-frequency-band small klystrons; a hollow metal structure formed by welding a water jacket base and a water jacket is arranged between the diaphragm and the tuning rod and is used as a cooling water passage, and the water jacket base and the water jacket which are made of oxygen-free copper materials have high heat conductivity and can quickly conduct heat accumulated on the diaphragm, so that the frequency change of a cavity caused by thermal deformation of the diaphragm is effectively reduced by reducing the temperature of the diaphragm; the problems of complex structure and poor cooling effect caused by directly placing a water channel in the tuning rod are avoided; the metal diaphragm is used as one wall surface of the cavity, the frequency of the cavity is changed through the tuning diaphragm, reliable seamless connection and vacuum sealing are arranged between the diaphragm and the cavity, and the diaphragm and the cavity are used as a whole to ensure good electric contact and high mechanical strength, so that the problems of microwave leakage and trace gas residue of the piston type tuning device are effectively avoided; especially for a klystron of a high frequency band, because the size of the cavity is small, the mode of tuning the frequency of the cavity by adopting the diaphragm relative to the piston is more feasible and effective; the spring 51 is arranged between the inner tuning rod and the inner clamping plate, so that the shaking caused by the matching error of parts between the inner tuning rod component and the outer tuning rod component is eliminated, and the continuous and stable action of the inner tuning rod component is ensured.
Further, in the klystron chamber with a frequency-continuous tuning device according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the deformation amount of the diaphragm depends on the relative positions of the inner tuning rod, the outer tuning rod and the fixing screw sleeve. The space position of the fixed threaded sleeve is unchanged, and the fixed threaded sleeve can be used as a reference datum for space displacement of the inner tuning rod and the outer tuning rod. The outer wall thread of the outer tuning rod and the inner wall thread of the fixed threaded sleeve are both provided with a second thread pitch, namely the outer tuning rod axially moves for a unit length and needs to rotate for n turns. The inner wall thread of the outer tuning rod and the long screw thread of the inner tuning rod both have a first pitch, i.e. the outer tuning rod needs to rotate m turns for one unit length in the axial direction, wherein n is larger than m, i.e. the second pitch is smaller than the first pitch, and when the outer tuning rod is rotated to generate one unit of stroke in the axial direction, the inner tuning rod correspondingly generates (n-m)/m times of unit stroke in the axial direction. For example, if n-m is set to be 1, the transformation ratio of the axial stroke between the outer tuning rod and the inner tuning rod is m times, so that the invention converts the larger stroke of the outer tuning rod into the smaller stroke of the inner tuning rod through a certain transformation ratio, realizes the precise control of the deformation of the diaphragm, and can continuously carry out fine adjustment on the resonant frequency of the cavity.
Referring to fig. 12, a second embodiment of the present invention provides an assembling method of the klystron cavity with the frequency-continuous tuning device, which includes:
step A: a cavity assembly 21 is prepared and the diaphragm 31 of the inner tuning rod assembly is sealingly connected to the cavity.
The step A specifically comprises the following steps:
substep A1: preparing a cavity assembly 21, and processing a groove 22 and a step structure 23 of the cavity.
Substep A2: the inner tuning rod assembly is placed in the cavity recess and the diaphragm 31 is pressed against the stepped surface in the cavity recess.
Substep A2: and determining the resonant frequency of the klystron cavity in the non-deformation state of the diaphragm through cold measurement, if the resonant frequency is higher than a preset frequency value, executing the substep A3, and if the resonant frequency is lower than the preset frequency value, executing the substep A4.
Substep A3: placing a copper gasket with the same cross section as the step structure on the step structure in the cavity groove, increasing the height of the cavity, judging whether the corrected resonance frequency reaches a preset frequency value through cold measurement, and if so, hermetically and vacuum connecting the diaphragm 31 of the inner tuning rod assembly with the step structure 23 in the cavity groove through brazing; if not, then sub-step A3 is repeated until the resonant frequency reaches a predetermined frequency value and the diaphragm 31 of the inner tuning rod assembly is hermetically vacuum connected to the step structure 23 in the cavity recess.
Substep A4: increasing the depth of the step in the cavity groove by milling, judging whether the corrected resonance frequency reaches a preset frequency value by cold measurement, and if so, connecting the diaphragm 31 of the inner tuning rod assembly with the step structure 23 in the cavity groove in a sealing and vacuum manner by brazing; if not, then sub-step A4 is repeated until the resonant frequency reaches a predetermined frequency value and the diaphragm 31 of the inner tuning rod assembly is hermetically vacuum connected to the step structure 23 in the cavity recess.
And B: the spring 51, inner tuning rod assembly and inner catch plate 45 are assembled.
The step B specifically comprises the following steps: the spring 51 penetrates through the long screw rod 34 of the inner tuning rod, the lower end of the spring is fixedly placed on the block-shaped platform 35 of the inner tuning rod, the circular through hole of the inner clamping plate, which is matched with the supporting rod, penetrates through the top end of the supporting rod, and meanwhile, the middle circular through hole of the inner clamping plate penetrates through the long screw rod 34 of the inner tuning rod, so that the lower bottom surface of the inner clamping plate is in contact with the upper end of the spring.
And C: the outer and inner tuning rod assemblies are assembled and the position of the outer tuning rod assembly is adjusted.
The step C specifically comprises the following steps:
substep C1: the stop nut 42 is mounted in place on the outer tuning rod and locked, the fixed threaded sleeve 46 is rotated to abut against the stop nut 42, and then the outer tuning rod 41 is rotatably mounted on the long screw 34 of the inner tuning rod to secure the outer tuning rod assembly to the inner tuning rod assembly.
Substep C2: simultaneously, the outer tuning rod 41 and the fixed threaded sleeve 46 are rotated to press the inner clamping plate 45 downwards to the bottom of the thread at the top end of the supporting rod, the spring 51 is in a contraction state, the outer tuning rod 41 is rotated in the opposite direction, the position of the fixed threaded sleeve 46 is unchanged, the whole outer tuning rod assembly moves upwards, and the limiting nut 42 is separated from the fixed threaded sleeve 46.
Step D: and installing the outer clamping plate component.
The step D specifically comprises the following steps: and trying to install the outer clamping plate assembly, enabling a round through hole, matched with the supporting rod, of the outer clamping plate to penetrate through the top end of the supporting rod, enabling a round through hole in the middle of the limiting cylinder to penetrate through the outer tuning rod 41, embedding the hexagonal prism of the fixed screw sleeve into the rectangular groove of the outer clamping plate, and adjusting the relative positions of the outer tuning rod 41 and the long screw 34 of the inner tuning rod to enable the limiting nut 42 to be located in the middle of the long groove of the limiting cylinder.
Step E: and fastening the inner clamping plate 45 and the outer clamping plate assembly to manufacture the klystron cavity with the frequency continuous tuning device.
The step E specifically comprises the following steps: the nut 47 is rotatably mounted on the top end of the support rod so that the inner clamp 45 and the outer clamp assembly are pressed against the fixing screw 46 and are firmly mounted on the support rod 44.
Preferably, a proper amount of grease can be applied among the mutually meshed threads of the long screw rod 34 of the inner tuning rod, the outer tuning rod 41 and the fixed screw sleeve 46 for lubrication, so that the action of the frequency continuous tuning device is more stable.
Up to this point, the present embodiment has been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. From the above description, those skilled in the art should clearly recognize the klystron cavity with frequency-continuous tuning device and its assembly method of the present invention.
It is to be noted that, in the attached drawings or in the description, the implementation modes not shown or described are all the modes known by the ordinary skilled person in the field of technology, and are not described in detail. In addition, the above definitions of the various elements are not limited to the specific structures, shapes or modes mentioned in the embodiments, and those skilled in the art may easily modify or replace them, for example:
(1) the inner tuning rod assembly, the outer tuning rod assembly and the supporting assembly can also adopt structures with other shapes;
(2) directional phrases used in the embodiments, such as "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", etc., refer only to the orientation of the attached drawings and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention;
(3) the embodiments described above may be mixed and matched with each other or with other embodiments based on design and reliability considerations, i.e. technical features in different embodiments may be freely combined to form further embodiments.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A klystron chamber with a frequency continuous tuning device, comprising: the cavity assembly (21) and the corresponding tuning assembly, the cavity assembly (21) can form N tandem cavities, and each cavity is fixedly connected with one tuning assembly; wherein,
the tuning assembly includes: an inner tuning rod assembly, an outer tuning rod assembly and a support assembly;
the inner tuning rod assembly comprising: the tuning mechanism comprises a diaphragm (31) and an inner tuning rod which are connected with each other, wherein the inner tuning rod comprises a long screw rod (34), and the diaphragm (31) is connected with a cavity in a sealing mode;
the outer tuning bar assembly comprises: the inner wall of the outer tuning rod (41) is in threaded connection with the long screw rod (34);
the support assembly includes: the bottom end of the supporting rod is fixedly connected with the top surface of the cavity and supports the fixed screw sleeve (46) and the limiting cylinder (49), the inner wall of the fixed screw sleeve is in threaded connection with the outer wall of the outer tuning rod, and the limiting cylinder (49) and the fixed screw sleeve (46) limit the rotating stroke range and path of the outer tuning rod so as to limit the deformation quantity of the diaphragm;
the middle part of the top surface of the cavity component is provided with a groove (22), and the upper part of the groove is provided with a step structure (23); the edge of the lower surface of the diaphragm is fixedly connected with a step structure (23) of the cavity groove, and the cavity groove is sealed to form a resonant cavity;
the outer tuning bar assembly further comprises: and the limiting nut (42) is positioned between the limiting cylinder (49) and the fixed threaded sleeve (46), the inner wall of the limiting nut is in threaded connection with the outer wall of the outer tuning rod, the outer tuning rod is rotated to drive the inner tuning rod to vertically move up and down, and the vertical movement of the inner tuning rod vertically lifts or presses the diaphragm to deform the diaphragm.
2. The klystron chamber of claim 1, wherein:
the N cavities may form a series of resonator chains.
3. The klystron chamber of claim 2, wherein the threads of the long screw have a first pitch; the outer tuning rod (41) is of a hollow rod-shaped structure, the thread on the inner wall of the outer tuning rod has a first thread pitch, and the thread on the outer wall of the outer tuning rod has a second thread pitch; the limiting nut (42) is of an annular structure, and the thread on the inner wall of the limiting nut has a second thread pitch; the fixed threaded sleeve (46) is of a tubular structure, and the thread on the inner wall of the fixed threaded sleeve has a second thread pitch; the second pitch is smaller than the first pitch so that the large stroke ratio of the outer tuning rod is converted into a small stroke of the inner tuning rod.
4. The klystron cavity of claim 3, wherein the support assembly further comprises an outer clamping plate (48);
the limiting cylinder (49) is of a hollow cylindrical structure, the size of a circular opening at the top end of the limiting cylinder is smaller than that of a circular opening at the bottom end of the limiting cylinder, the circular opening at the bottom end of the limiting cylinder is opposite to the position of a circular through hole in the middle of the outer clamping plate, and two symmetrical long grooves are formed in the side wall of the limiting cylinder (49) at intervals of 180 degrees along the axial direction of the limiting cylinder (49).
5. A klystron cavity as set forth in claim 4,
the support assembly further comprises: an inner clamping plate (45) and a nut (47);
the inner clamping plate (45) is a rectangular flat plate, a round through hole is formed in the middle of the inner clamping plate, the fixing threaded sleeve (46) is inserted into the round through hole, and two symmetrical round through holes matched with the supporting rods are formed in the two ends of the inner clamping plate;
the outer clamping plate (48) is a rectangular flat plate, the middle part of one side of the outer clamping plate is provided with a rectangular groove with a middle circular through hole, two ends of the outer clamping plate are provided with two symmetrical circular through holes matched with the supporting rods, a limiting cylinder (49) is fixed on the other side of the outer clamping plate opposite to the rectangular groove, the top ends of the two supporting rods are respectively and sequentially inserted into the two circular through holes matched with the supporting rods of the inner clamping plate and the two circular through holes matched with the supporting rods of the outer clamping plate, the inner clamping plate (45) and the outer clamping plate (48) are screwed and fixed on the supporting rods (44) by nuts (47), and the fixing screw sleeves are limited by the rectangular groove;
the tuning assembly further comprises a spring (51), and the inner tuning rod further comprises a block-shaped platform (35) connected with the long screw rod (34);
one end of the spring (51) penetrates through the long screw rod (34) and is fixed on the block-shaped platform (35), and the other end of the spring penetrates through the bottom of the fixed threaded sleeve and is in contact with the lower bottom surface of the inner clamping plate to provide fastening force.
6. A klystron chamber as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that a water jacket base (32) and a water jacket (33) are further connected between the diaphragm (31) and the inner tuning rod;
the water jacket base (32) is of a boss-shaped structure, one end with a small cross section is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the diaphragm, the water jacket (33) is of a cavity structure with one open end, two through holes are symmetrically formed in two inclined side walls of the water jacket base, the top surface of the water jacket (33) is fixedly connected with the inner tuning rod through a blind hole, the open end of the water jacket base is hermetically connected with the end with the large cross section of the water jacket base, and the water jacket base (32) and the water jacket (33) form a cooling water passage.
7. A method of assembling a klystron cavity having a frequency continuum tuning device as recited in any of claims 1 to 6, comprising:
step A: preparing a cavity assembly (21), and hermetically connecting the membrane (31) with the cavity;
and B: assembling a spring (51), an inner tuning rod assembly and an inner catch plate (45);
and C: assembling the outer tuning rod assembly and the inner tuning rod assembly and adjusting the position of the outer tuning rod assembly;
step D: installing an outer clamping plate component; and
step E: and fastening the inner clamping plate (45) and the outer clamping plate assembly to manufacture the klystron cavity with the frequency continuous tuning device.
8. The assembly method according to claim 7, wherein the step B specifically comprises:
the spring (51) penetrates through the long screw rod (34), the lower end of the spring is fixedly placed on the block-shaped platform (35), the circular through hole of the inner clamping plate, which is matched with the supporting rod, penetrates through the top end of the supporting rod, and meanwhile, the circular through hole in the middle of the inner clamping plate penetrates through the long screw rod (34), so that the lower bottom surface of the inner clamping plate is in contact with the upper end of the spring.
9. The assembly method according to claim 8, wherein said step C specifically comprises:
substep C1: installing a limit nut (42) at a proper position of the outer tuning rod and locking, rotating a fixed threaded sleeve (46) to enable the fixed threaded sleeve to be tightly abutted against the limit nut (42), then rotatably installing an outer tuning rod (41) on a long screw rod (34) of an inner tuning rod, and fixing the outer tuning rod on the inner tuning rod; and
substep C2: simultaneously, the outer tuning rod (41) and the fixed threaded sleeve (46) are rotated, the inner clamping plate (45) is pressed downwards to the bottom of the thread at the top end of the supporting rod, the spring (51) is in a contraction state, the outer tuning rod (41) is rotated in the opposite direction, the position of the fixed threaded sleeve (46) is unchanged, the whole outer tuning rod assembly moves upwards, and the limiting nut (42) is separated from the fixed threaded sleeve (46).
10. The method of assembly of claim 9, wherein:
the step D specifically comprises the following steps: trying to install an outer clamping plate assembly, enabling a round through hole of an outer clamping plate, which is matched with the supporting rod, to penetrate through the top end of the supporting rod, enabling a limiting cylinder to penetrate through an outer tuning rod (41), embedding a hexagonal prism of a fixed threaded sleeve into a rectangular groove of the outer clamping plate, and adjusting the relative positions of the outer tuning rod and a long screw rod of an inner tuning rod to enable a limiting nut (42) to be located in the middle of a long groove of the limiting cylinder;
the step E specifically comprises the following steps: the nut (47) is rotatably arranged at the top end of the support rod, so that the inner clamping plate (45) and the outer clamping plate assembly are tightly pressed on the fixed threaded sleeve (46) and are stably arranged on the support rod (44).
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| CN107770942A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2018-03-06 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | A kind of tunable accelerating cavity and its tuning instrument |
| CN107896416A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-04-10 | 合肥中科离子医学技术装备有限公司 | A kind of superconducting cyclotron resonant cavity perturbation rod drive mechanism and its working method |
| CN108231509B (en) * | 2017-12-31 | 2024-03-22 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十二研究所 | Magnetron tuning device and magnetron |
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| JP2661520B2 (en) * | 1993-10-06 | 1997-10-08 | 日本電気株式会社 | Multi-cavity klystron |
| WO1997027610A1 (en) * | 1996-01-23 | 1997-07-31 | C. International Business Corporation Limited (C.Ibc Ltd.) | Device for grouping electron bunches |
| CN104392880B (en) * | 2014-11-03 | 2017-05-03 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | Racking method of multi-channel tuning klystron resonant cavity |
| CN105428188B (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2017-06-20 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | A kind of multi link plane tuning block and its assembling jig and method |
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