CN105841669B - A kind of precise leveling method based on differential technique and scalable indium steel bar yardstick - Google Patents
A kind of precise leveling method based on differential technique and scalable indium steel bar yardstick Download PDFInfo
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- CN105841669B CN105841669B CN201610186454.1A CN201610186454A CN105841669B CN 105841669 B CN105841669 B CN 105841669B CN 201610186454 A CN201610186454 A CN 201610186454A CN 105841669 B CN105841669 B CN 105841669B
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- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C5/00—Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of precise leveling methods based on differential technique and scalable indium steel bar yardstick, scalable indium steel bar yardstick includes interior rectangular steel pipe, outer rectangular steel pipe and spiral pin, interior rectangle steel pipe socket is set in outer rectangular steel pipe, the spiral pin on outer rectangular steel pipe is set, indium steel barcode strip is equipped on the leading flank of outer rectangular steel pipe, is provided with spirit level on trailing flank.The scalable indium steel bar yardstick can realize the flexible of length, be conducive to transport and carry, and the spirit level for being suitable for different height carries out reading；In the precise leveling method of the cooperation present invention, the error that zero is different and scalable junction is brought of indium steel bar yardstick can be effectively eliminated, it can meet and reach the technology requirement of precise leveling in Excavation Settlement measurement process is carried out, there is great application value especially in building subsidence observation, with good economic and social benefit, it is worthy of popularization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of precise leveling methods based on differential technique and scalable indium steel bar yardstick, belong to work
Journey measures and Geodetic Technique field.
Background technology
Nowadays, during the settlement observation of the high-grade measurement of the level especially building, frequently with precision level and accurate water
Object staff.National regulation regulation country three, fourth-order leveling use 2m or 3m wooden area's form reversible rod, country one,
Second-order levelling must use 3m indiums steel ruler (matching precision optics spirit level) or 2m (or 3m) indium steel bar yardstick (to match precise electronic
Spirit level).National classified leveling measurement cannot absolutely use Sopwith staff or folding rule.But the levelling rod of 2m (or 3m) is carried and is stranded very much
Difficulty, current many units of measurement especially do the unit of building subsidence observation, in order to transport the levelling rod of a 2m (or 3m),
When must be equipped with a big long vehicle, and being transported with trolley, car can not be folded or be stretched it is difficult to the levelling rod for 2m (or the 3m) that set aside concerns
The levelling rod of contracting brings many inconvenience to transport, while very big economic loss is brought to unit.
Chinese patent literature CN204831279U discloses a kind of building settlement deformation survey indium steel ruler, the indium steel ruler packet
Indium steel ruler ontology, suspension holdfast, the first telescopic supporting rod and the second telescopic supporting rod are included, suspension holdfast is fixed on indium steel ruler top
One end of portion, the first telescopic supporting rod and the second telescopic supporting rod is hinged on indium steel ruler ruler body sidewall, is set on ruler body sidewall
There is air level, be fixed with the first clamp and the second clamp on ruler body sidewall, the first telescopic supporting rod and the second telescopic supporting rod
Structure is identical and includes outer space core bar, interior solid hopkinson bar and length adjusting screws, and outer space core bar and interior solid hopkinson bar connect together,
Length adjusting screws pass through outer space core bar and end is withstood on the outer surface of interior solid hopkinson bar, and external hollow boom end is hinged on indium steel ruler
On the side wall of ruler body.The indium steel ruler improves the safety of survey crew, improves measurement accuracy, saves manpower, but the indium
Steel ruler can not realize the flexible of length, however it remains the problem of inconvenient to carry, transport difficult.
Chinese patent literature CN204575062U discloses a kind of high-precision indium steel ruler with slidingtype telescopic outrigger, including
Indium steel ruler ontology, the indium steel ruler ontology back side are provided with telescopic outrigger, and telescopic outrigger includes sleeve and the pipe being sheathed in sleeve,
The upper end of sleeve is fixed on indium steel ruler ontology, and the lower end of sleeve is provided with knob, and the lower end of pipe is provided with stabilizer blade.The indium steel
The telescopic outrigger of ruler improves influence of the external condition to measurement, ensures measurement accuracy, makes measurement operating efficiency and accuracy rate
It greatly improves, it can be achieved that accurately measuring the rugged surface in uneven ground or mountain area.But the improvement position of the indium steel ruler
The support construction for being indium steel ruler is put, the ontology of indium steel ruler is not improved, still remains the problem of indium steel ruler is inconvenient to carry.
The report about indium steel ruler ontology stretch mode is yet there are no, also never there is telescopic indium steel ruler on the market
It sells.To find out its cause, in leveling process, the precision of indium steel ruler is one of key factor for ensureing measurement of the level precision,
And the indium steel ruler of adjustable in length is used, it will certainly there are the mistakes of telescopic connection when carrying out the measurement of the level using existing method
The precision that difference band comes influences.
Invention content
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, it the present invention provides a kind of telescopic indium steel bar yardstick, and proposes a kind of new
Precise leveling method, using scalable indium steel bar yardstick cooperation differential technique observation procedure can effectively ensure that level
Precision in measurement process, achievees the purpose that precise leveling.
Technical scheme is as follows：
A kind of scalable indium steel bar yardstick, including interior rectangular steel pipe, outer rectangular steel pipe and spiral pin, interior rectangle steel pipe socket
In outer rectangular steel pipe, the spiral pin on outer rectangular steel pipe is set, is equipped on the leading flank of outer rectangular steel pipe
Spirit level is provided in indium steel barcode strip, trailing flank.
Preferably, the spiral pin for setting 3-5 groups described on outer rectangular steel pipe, every group includes three spiral pins, often
Three spiral pins of group are distributed on the same level section of outer rectangular steel pipe.The advantage of this design is, when interior rectangle steel
When pipe is stretched out out of outer rectangular steel pipe, it can be fixed together by the internal rectangular steel pipe of three groups of spiral pins and outer rectangular steel pipe.
Preferably, every group of three spiral pins are distributed in the following manner：It is symmetrically set in the left and right sides of outer rectangular steel pipe
Two spiral pins are put, a spiral pin is set on the trailing flank of outer rectangular steel pipe.
Preferably, the spacing of the spiral pin of the two adjacent groups is 200mm.
Preferably, the material of the interior rectangular steel pipe and outer rectangular steel pipe is aluminium alloy.
Preferably, the bottom of the interior rectangular steel pipe is equipped with a pedestal, and the surface area of pedestal is more than cutting for outer rectangular steel pipe
Area.The advantage of this design is, sets a pedestal in the bottom of interior rectangular steel pipe, is conducive to putting for indium steel bar yardstick, increases
Stability in indium steel bar yardstick measurement process.
Preferably, the pedestal selects the steel plate that a thickness is 8mm.
A kind of method of the precise leveling based on differential technique and scalable indium steel bar yardstick, includes the following steps,
(1) two scalable indium steel bar yardsticks are taken, be numbered respectively for：1. number scalable indium steel bar yardstick and 2. number can
Flexible indium steel bar yardstick；
(2) difference value of two scalable indium steel bar yardsticks on bench mark BM is obtained：It first will 1. number scalable indium steel
Bar code ruler is erected on BM points, and spirit level reads its backsight as a1；Then it will 1. a number scalable indium steel bar yardstick remove, it will
2. a number scalable indium steel bar yardstick is erected on same BM points, spirit level reads its forward reading as b1, then the height difference of BM points
For：hBM=a1-b1；Work as hBMWhen ≠ 0, hBMAs 1. number scalable indium steel bar yardstick and the 2. synthesis of number scalable indium steel bar yardstick
This synthesis difference is denoted as by difference (the combined influence value of scalable indium steel bar yardstick zero point error and the difference of telescopic connection)
Δ12, then：Δ12=a1-b1；
When will 2. a number scalable indium steel bar yardstick be erected on BM points first, spirit level reads its backsight as b1；So
After will 2. a number scalable indium steel bar yardstick remove, will 1. a number scalable indium steel bar yardstick be erected on BM points, spirit level reads it
Forward reading is a1, then the height difference of BM points be：hBM=b1-a1；Work as hBMWhen ≠ 0, hBMAs 2. number scalable indium steel bar yardstick and
1. number scalable indium steel bar yardstick synthesis difference (scalable indium steel bar yardstick zero point error and the difference of telescopic connection it is comprehensive
Close influence value), this synthesis difference is denoted as Δ21, then：Δ21=b1-a1；
Due in observation process, only 1. number scalable indium steel bar yardstick and the 2. observation of number scalable indium steel bar yardstick
Sequence changes, and length is there is no changing, therefore, Δ21=-Δ12=-(a1-b1), this difference is known as difference value；
(3) Excavation Settlement is measured：
First survey station：Spirit level is placed between BM points and CJ1 points, 1. will be erected at BM points by a number scalable indium steel bar yardstick
On, its backsight is read as A1, will 2. a number scalable indium steel bar yardstick be erected on CJ1 points, and read its forward reading as B1,
The measurement height difference of first survey station is：The then true height difference of the first survey station, the i.e. true height difference of BM points to CJ1 points
h1For；
Second survey station：Spirit level is placed between CJ1 points and CJ2 points, and by the 1. number scalable indium steel bar on BM points
Yardstick is erected on CJ2 points, and 2. a number scalable indium steel bar yardstick is still erected on CJ1 points, to 2. number scalable indium steel bar code
Ruler reads its backsight as A2, its forward reading is read to a 1. number scalable indium steel bar yardstick as B2, the measurement height of the second survey station
Difference is：The then true height difference of the second survey station, the i.e. true height difference of CJ1 to CJ2 points are：
Third survey station：Spirit level is placed between CJ2 points and CJ3 points, and by the 2. number scalable indium steel bar on CJ1 points
Yardstick is erected on CJ3 points, and 1. a number scalable indium steel bar yardstick is still erected on CJ2 points, to 1. number scalable indium steel bar code
Ruler reads its backsight as A3, its forward reading is read to a 2. number scalable indium steel bar yardstick as B3, the measurement height of third survey station
Difference is：The then true height difference of third survey station, the i.e. true height difference of CJ2 points to CJ3 points are：
4th survey station：Spirit level is placed between CJ3 points and CJ4 points, and by the 1. number scalable indium steel bar on CJ2 points
Yardstick is erected on CJ4 points, and 2. a number scalable indium steel bar yardstick is still erected on CJ3 points, to 2. number scalable indium steel bar code
Ruler reads its backsight as A4, its forward reading is read to a 1. number scalable indium steel bar yardstick as B4, the measurement height of the 4th survey station
Difference is：The true height difference of the then true height difference of the 4th survey station, i.e. CJ3 point to CJ4 points is：
And so on, it will 2. number scalable indium steel bar yardstick and 1. a number scalable indium steel bar yardstick is alternately disposed in next turn
On point, each section of height difference can be measured；According to each section of height difference and the elevation of known starting point BM points, you can each sedimentation is obtained and sees
The elevation of measuring point；When leveling observation route is closed leveling line, the mis-tie misclosure of leveling line be equal to each height difference for surveying section it
With that is,：fh=∑ hi, (n of i=1,2,3 ...)
fh=∑ hi=(A1-B1)-Δ12+(A2-B2)+Δ12+(A3-B3)-Δ12+------+(An-Bn)+Δ12 (5)
By formula (5) it is found that when measuring station i is even stations, Δ12It can cancel out each other, scalable indium steel bar yardstick zero
Point and the combined influence of scalable indium steel bar yardstick junction error do not influence the mis-tie misclosure of entire leveling line；But to meter
The elevation for calculating each observation point has an impact, and when calculating each survey section height difference, odd number measuring station subtracts Δ12, even number measuring station adds
Upper Δ12.It can be seen that the actual measurement height difference after Difference Calculation is each true height difference for surveying section.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：
The scalable indium steel bar yardstick of the present invention can realize the elongation and shortening of length, facilitate length adjustment, be conducive to transport
Defeated and carrying, while scalable indium steel bar yardstick is adapted to the spirit level progress reading of different height；The cooperation present invention's
Precise leveling method can effectively eliminate the error that zero is different and scalable junction is brought of indium steel bar yardstick,
The technology requirement that can meet and reach precise leveling in Excavation Settlement measurement process is carried out, is especially seen in building settlement
In survey there is great application value, good economic and social benefit is brought to units of measurement, have and promote and apply well
Value.The leveling measuring method of this differential technique can also to the conventional fine measurement of the level used by the scalable indium steel of indium steel bar code
The zero point error of bar code ruler is tested and is checked, and after Difference Calculation, can further improve the observation of the conventional measurement of the level
Precision.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the front view before the scalable indium steel bar yardstick elongation of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the front view after the scalable indium steel bar yardstick elongation of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the vertical view of the scalable indium steel bar yardstick of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is schematic diagram when Excavation Settlement measurement is carried out using the scalable indium steel bar yardstick of the present invention.
Wherein：1st, indium steel barcode strip；2nd, interior rectangular steel pipe；3rd, outer rectangular steel pipe；4th, spiral pin；5th, pedestal；6th, circle gas
Bubble；7th, handrail.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described by way of example and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but not limited to this.
Embodiment 1：
As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, a kind of scalable indium steel bar yardstick, including interior rectangular steel pipe 2, outer rectangular steel pipe 3 and spiral
Pin 4, interior rectangular steel pipe 2 are sheathed in outer rectangular steel pipe 3, the spiral pin 4 are set on outer rectangular steel pipe 3, outside
The leading flank of rectangular steel pipe 3 passes through the circle in circular bubble equipped with circular bubble is provided on indium steel barcode strip 1, trailing flank
Bubble 6 carries out scalable indium steel bar yardstick upright position and adjusts.The scalable indium steel bar yardstick of the present invention, utilizes what is be set in together
Interior rectangular steel pipe and outer rectangular steel pipe realize the flexible of indium steel bar yardstick length, while it is interior after stretching out that spiral pin is utilized to fix
Rectangular steel pipe keeps the stability of indium steel bar yardstick, is effectively ensured precision in measurement process.
The material of interior rectangular steel pipe 2 and outer rectangular steel pipe 3 is aluminium alloy in embodiment.Outer rectangular steel pipe it is a length of
1000mm, width 85mm, thickness 40mm；A length of 980mm, width 80mm, the thickness 35mm of interior rectangular steel pipe.
Spiral pin 4 described in three groups is set on outer rectangular steel pipe 3, every group includes three spiral pins 4, and the three of every group
A spiral pin is distributed on the same level section of outer rectangular steel pipe 3.Every group of three spiral pins are distributed in the following manner：
Two spiral pins are symmetricly set on the left and right sides of outer rectangular steel pipe 3, and third spiral pin is arranged on outer rectangular steel pipe 3
On trailing flank.Hole is equipped on outer rectangular steel pipe 3 and interior rectangular steel pipe 2, spiral pin 4 is perforated and crossed outer 3 He of rectangular steel pipe
Interior rectangular steel pipe 2 links together, and when interior rectangular steel pipe 2 will be stretched out out of outer rectangular steel pipe 3, back-outs spiral pin 4 outward,
Then internal moment shape steel pipe 2 is pulled out downwards, after length is adjusted, then is screwed into spiral pin 4 inwards, makes interior rectangular steel pipe 2 and outer
Rectangular steel pipe 3 is fixed together, and is fixed together by three groups of spiral pins 4 to interior rectangular steel pipe 2 and outer rectangular steel pipe 3
The stability of connection can be improved.
The spacing of the spiral pin of two adjacent groups is 200mm.A pin section, interior rectangular steel pipe are formed at interval of 20cm
From outer rectangle steel inner telescoping tube when or stretched, but ensure that there is no variations in measurement process with random length.
Scalable indium steel bar yardstick provided in this embodiment, is complemented one another and is formed by interior rectangular steel pipe and outer rectangular steel pipe,
Its length is only half of existing indium steel bar yardstick length or so, is convenient for carrying, and is easy to put car boot into after contraction
It is interior, without individually preparing the larger means of transport such as minibus, financial cost is greatly saved；Meanwhile when interior rectangular steel pipe is from outer
When being stretched out in rectangular steel pipe, entire length can meet measurement request as existing indium steel bar yardstick again.
Embodiment 2：
A kind of scalable indium steel bar yardstick, structure as described in Example 1, the difference is that：The length of outer rectangular steel pipe
For 1500mm, a length of 1480mm of interior rectangular steel pipe.Spiral pin 4 described in five groups, every group of packet are set on outer rectangular steel pipe 3
Include three spiral pins 4.When the length of interior rectangular steel pipe and outer rectangular steel pipe is longer, spiral pin group can be added, with this
To increase the latter linked stability of elongation.
Embodiment 3：
A kind of scalable indium steel bar yardstick, structure as described in Example 1, the difference is that：In interior rectangular steel pipe 2
Bottom is equipped with a pedestal 5, and pedestal 5 selects the steel plate that a thickness is 8mm, and the surface area of pedestal 5 is more than the section of outer rectangular steel pipe 3
Product.A pedestal 5 is set in the bottom of interior rectangular steel pipe 2, is conducive to putting for indium steel bar yardstick, increases indium steel bar yardstick measurement process
In stability.
In addition, the trailing flank of interior rectangular steel pipe 2 and outer rectangular steel pipe 3 is set into trapezoidal groove, at two of trapezoidal groove
Handrail 7 is provided on side wall.This design is advantageous in that, when carrying out the measurement of the level, 7 person easy to operation of handrail grips indium steel bar
Yardstick.
Embodiment 4：
It is a kind of that precision is carried out to Excavation Settlement using scalable indium steel bar yardstick described in embodiment 3 and combination differential technique
The method of the measurement of the level, is as follows：
(1) two scalable indium steel bar yardsticks are taken, be numbered respectively for：1. number scalable indium steel bar yardstick and 2. number can
Flexible indium steel bar yardstick；
(2) difference value of two scalable indium steel bar yardsticks on bench mark BM is obtained：It first will 1. number scalable indium steel
Bar code ruler is erected on BM points, and spirit level reads its backsight as a1；Then it will 1. a number scalable indium steel bar yardstick remove, it will
2. a number scalable indium steel bar yardstick is erected on same BM points, spirit level reads its forward reading as b1, then the height difference of BM points
For：hBM=a1-b1；Theoretically the height difference of bench mark BM should be zero, but work as hBMWhen ≠ 0, hBMAs 1. number scalable indium steel bar code
Synthesis difference (scalable indium steel bar yardstick zero point error and the difference of telescopic connection of ruler and 2. number scalable indium steel bar yardstick
Combined influence value), by this synthesis difference be denoted as Δ12, then：Δ12=a1-b1；
When will 2. a number scalable indium steel bar yardstick be erected on BM points first, spirit level reads its backsight as b1；So
After will 2. a number scalable indium steel bar yardstick remove, will 1. a number scalable indium steel bar yardstick be erected on BM points, spirit level reads it
Forward reading is a1, then the height difference of BM points be：hBM=b1-a1；Work as hBMWhen ≠ 0, hBMAs 2. number scalable indium steel bar yardstick and
1. number scalable indium steel bar yardstick synthesis difference (scalable indium steel bar yardstick zero point error and the difference of telescopic connection it is comprehensive
Close influence value), this synthesis difference is denoted as Δ21, then：Δ21=b1-a1；
Due in observation process, only 1. number scalable indium steel bar yardstick and the 2. observation of number scalable indium steel bar yardstick
Sequence changes, and there is no change (1. number scalable indium steel bar yardstick and 2. a number scalable indium steel bar yardstick is entirely being surveyed for length
During amount it is Telescopic Fixed after, it is impossible to adjusted carrying out second), therefore, Δ21=-Δ12=-(a1-b1), by this difference
Referred to as difference value；
(3) Excavation Settlement is measured：
First survey station：Spirit level is placed between BM points and CJ1 points, 1. will be erected at BM points by a number scalable indium steel bar yardstick
On, its backsight is read as A1, will 2. a number scalable indium steel bar yardstick be erected on CJ1 points, and read its forward reading as B1,
The measurement height difference of first survey station is：The then true height difference of the first survey station, the i.e. true height difference of BM points to CJ1 points
h1For：
Second survey station：Spirit level is placed between CJ1 points and CJ2 points, and by the 1. number scalable indium steel bar on BM points
Yardstick is erected on CJ2 points, and 2. a number scalable indium steel bar yardstick is still erected on CJ1 points, to 2. number scalable indium steel bar code
Ruler reads its backsight as A2, its forward reading is read to a 1. number scalable indium steel bar yardstick as B2, the measurement height of the second survey station
Difference is：The then true height difference of the second survey station, the i.e. true height difference of CJ1 to CJ2 points are：
Third survey station：Spirit level is placed between CJ2 points and CJ3 points, and by the 2. number scalable indium steel bar on CJ1 points
Yardstick is erected on CJ3 points, and 1. a number scalable indium steel bar yardstick is still erected on CJ2 points, to 1. number scalable indium steel bar code
Ruler reads its backsight as A3, its forward reading is read to a 2. number scalable indium steel bar yardstick as B3, the measurement height of third survey station
Difference is：The then true height difference of third survey station, the i.e. true height difference of CJ2 points to CJ3 points are：
4th survey station：Spirit level is placed between CJ3 points and CJ4 points, and by the 1. number scalable indium steel bar on CJ2 points
Yardstick is erected on CJ4 points, and 2. a number scalable indium steel bar yardstick is still erected on CJ3 points, to 2. number scalable indium steel bar code
Ruler reads its backsight as A4, its forward reading is read to a 1. number scalable indium steel bar yardstick as B4, the measurement height of the 4th survey station
Difference is：The true height difference of the then true height difference of the 4th survey station, i.e. CJ3 point to CJ4 points is：
And so on, it will 2. number scalable indium steel bar yardstick and 1. a number scalable indium steel bar yardstick is alternately disposed in next turn
On point, each section of height difference can be measured；According to each section of height difference and the elevation of known starting point BM points, you can each sedimentation is obtained and sees
The elevation of measuring point；When leveling observation route is closed leveling line, the mis-tie misclosure of leveling line be equal to each height difference for surveying section it
With that is,：fh=∑ hi, (n of i=1,2,3 ...)
fh=∑ hi=(A1-B1)-Δ12+(A2-B2)+Δ12+(A3-B3)-Δ12+-----+(An-Bn)+Δ12 (5)
By formula (5) it is found that when measuring station i is even stations, Δ12It can cancel out each other, scalable indium steel bar yardstick zero
Point and the combined influence of scalable indium steel bar yardstick junction error do not influence the mis-tie misclosure of entire leveling line；But to meter
The elevation for calculating each observation point has an impact, and when calculating each survey section height difference, odd number measuring station subtracts Δ12, even number measuring station adds
Upper Δ12Each true height difference for surveying section can be obtained.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of method of the precise leveling based on differential technique and scalable indium steel bar yardstick, the scalable indium steel bar
Yardstick includes interior rectangular steel pipe, outer rectangular steel pipe and spiral pin, and interior rectangle steel pipe socket is set in outer rectangular steel pipe, in outer rectangle
The spiral pin on steel pipe is set, indium steel barcode strip is equipped on the leading flank of outer rectangular steel pipe, is provided on trailing flank
Spirit level；It is characterized by comprising the following steps
（1）Take two scalable indium steel bar yardsticks, be numbered respectively for：1. number scalable indium steel bar yardstick and 2. number scalable
Indium steel bar yardstick；
（2）Difference value of two scalable indium steel bar yardsticks on bench mark BM is obtained：It first will 1. number scalable indium steel bar code
Ruler is erected on BM points, and spirit level reads its backsight and is；Then it will 1. a number scalable indium steel bar yardstick remove, it 2. number will
Scalable indium steel bar yardstick is erected on same BM points, and spirit level reads its forward reading and is, then the height difference of BM points be：；WhenWhen ≠ 0,As 1. number scalable indium steel bar yardstick and 2. number scalable indium steel bar yardstick is comprehensive
Difference is closed, this synthesis difference is denoted as, then：；
When will 2. a number scalable indium steel bar yardstick be erected on BM points first, spirit level reads its backsight and is；It then will 2.
Number scalable indium steel bar yardstick removes, and will 1. a number scalable indium steel bar yardstick be erected on same BM points, spirit level reads it
Forward reading is, then the height difference of BM points be：；WhenWhen ≠ 0,As 2. number scalable indium steel bar code
This synthesis difference is denoted as by ruler and 1. the synthesis difference of number scalable indium steel bar yardstick, then：；
Due in observation process, only 1. number scalable indium steel bar yardstick and 2. the observation sequence of number scalable indium steel bar yardstick
Changing, length is there is no changing, therefore,, this difference is known as difference value；
（3）Excavation Settlement is measured：
First survey station：Spirit level is placed between BM points and CJ1 points, will 1. a number scalable indium steel bar yardstick be erected on BM points,
Reading its backsight is, will 2. a number scalable indium steel bar yardstick be erected on CJ1 points, reading its forward reading is, the
The measurement height difference of one survey station is：, then the true height difference of the first survey station, i.e. the true height difference of BM points to CJ1 points
For：
(1)
Second survey station：Spirit level is placed between CJ1 points and CJ2 points, and by the 1. number scalable indium steel bar yardstick on BM points
It is erected on CJ2 points, 2. a number scalable indium steel bar yardstick is still erected on CJ1 points, and a 2. number scalable indium steel bar yardstick is read
Its backsight is taken to be, reading its forward reading to a 1. number scalable indium steel bar yardstick is, the measurement height difference of the second survey station
For：=-, then the true height difference of the second survey station, the i.e. true height difference of CJ1 to CJ2 points are：
(2)
Third survey station：Spirit level is placed between CJ2 points and CJ3 points, and by the 2. number scalable indium steel bar yardstick on CJ1 points
It is erected on CJ3 points, 1. a number scalable indium steel bar yardstick is still erected on CJ2 points, and a 1. number scalable indium steel bar yardstick is read
Its backsight is taken to be, reading its forward reading to a 2. number scalable indium steel bar yardstick is, the measurement height difference of third survey station
For：, then the true height difference of third survey station, the i.e. true height difference of CJ2 points to CJ3 points are：
(3)
4th survey station：Spirit level is placed between CJ3 points and CJ4 points, and by the 1. number scalable indium steel bar yardstick on CJ2 points
It is erected on CJ4 points, 2. a number scalable indium steel bar yardstick is still erected on CJ3 points, and a 2. number scalable indium steel bar yardstick is read
Its backsight is taken to be, reading its forward reading to a 1. number scalable indium steel bar yardstick is, the measurement height difference of the 4th survey station
For：, then the true height difference of the 4th survey station, the i.e. true height difference of CJ3 points to CJ4 points are：
(4)
┆
And so on, it will 2. number scalable indium steel bar yardstick and 1. a number scalable indium steel bar yardstick is alternately disposed in next turning point
On, each section of height difference can be measured；According to each section of height difference and the elevation of known starting point BM points, you can each settlement observation is obtained
The elevation of point；When leveling observation route is closed leveling line, the mis-tie misclosure of leveling line is equal to the sum of each height difference for surveying section,
I.e.：,（=1、2、3……n）
┈┈ (5)
By formula（5）It is found that work as measuring stationDuring for even stations,It can cancel out each other, scalable indium steel bar yardstick zero and can
The combined influence of flexible indium steel bar yardstick junction error does not influence the mis-tie misclosure of entire leveling line；But to calculating each sight
The elevation of measuring point has an impact, and when calculating each survey section height difference, odd number measuring station subtracts, even number measuring station adds。
2. the method for precise leveling as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that 3-5 groups are set on outer rectangular steel pipe
The spiral pin, every group includes three spiral pins, and every group of three spiral pins are distributed in the same of outer rectangular steel pipe
On horizontal cross-section.
3. the method for precise leveling as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that every group of three spiral pins are by following
Mode is distributed：Two spiral pins are symmetrical arranged in the left and right sides of outer rectangular steel pipe, are set on the trailing flank of outer rectangular steel pipe
Put a spiral pin.
4. the method for precise leveling as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the spiral pin of the two adjacent groups
Spacing is 200mm.
5. the method for precise leveling as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the interior rectangular steel pipe and outer rectangle steel
The material of pipe is aluminium alloy.
6. the method for precise leveling as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the bottom of the interior rectangular steel pipe is equipped with
One pedestal, the surface area of pedestal are more than the sectional area of outer rectangular steel pipe.
7. the method for precise leveling as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that it is 8mm that the pedestal, which selects a thickness,
Steel plate.
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| CN201610186454.1A CN105841669B (en) | 2016-03-29 | 2016-03-29 | A kind of precise leveling method based on differential technique and scalable indium steel bar yardstick |
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| CN105841669B true CN105841669B (en) | 2018-06-26 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109341653A (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2019-02-15 | 重庆地质矿产研究院 | Monitoring equipment for ground surface settlement deformation of coal mining subsidence area |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111307043A (en) * | 2020-03-24 | 2020-06-19 | 上海勃发空间信息技术有限公司 | Displacement monitoring system based on structured light |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1593935A1 (en) * | 2004-05-06 | 2005-11-09 | Leica Geosystems AG | Levelling rod, level determining apparatus for said rod and level determining method |
| CN203274743U (en) * | 2013-05-08 | 2013-11-06 | 广州环达路桥科技有限公司 | Indium steel ruler with night illuminating system |
| CN103591929A (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2014-02-19 | 山东大学 | Leveling rod for measuring subsidence of ground with large surface relief and use method thereof |
| CN104674855B (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2017-03-08 | 山东大学 | A kind of pit displacement monitoring method based on differential technique |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109341653A (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2019-02-15 | 重庆地质矿产研究院 | Monitoring equipment for ground surface settlement deformation of coal mining subsidence area |
| CN109341653B (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2020-12-08 | 重庆地质矿产研究院 | Monitoring equipment for ground surface settlement deformation of coal mining subsidence area |
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