CN105830696A - Nutrition pot seedling raising method of cotton - Google Patents
Nutrition pot seedling raising method of cotton Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105830696A CN105830696A CN201610184917.0A CN201610184917A CN105830696A CN 105830696 A CN105830696 A CN 105830696A CN 201610184917 A CN201610184917 A CN 201610184917A CN 105830696 A CN105830696 A CN 105830696A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- cotton
- soil
- alms bowl
- seedbed
- seedling
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/40—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure
- A01G24/44—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure in block, mat or sheet form
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a nutrition pot seedling raising method of cotton. The method comprises the following implementation steps: (1) preparing a seed bed; (2) preparing nutrient soil; (3) building a bed and preparing a pot; (4) sowing seeds; (5) performing seed bed management; and (6) controlling diseases. Compared with the cotton direct sowing technology in the past, the nutrition pot seedling raising method of the cotton, disclosed by the invention, is beneficial for culturing sound seedlings to realize full seedling close planting; seed bed seedling raising is correspondingly 20-30 days earlier than a field planting time; the cotton seedlings come up out of land earlier, fully, uniformly and strongly, which is beneficial for realizing sound seedling early development, fully utilizing light and heat resources, and effectively prolonging the growing time; the increased production income is high, the per mu yield of a cotton field is increased by 8-15%, and the income is increased by 100-130 Yuan/mu; and the method is also beneficial for staggering from busy farming seasons: except for the work of field transplantation, the cotton seedling raising works are completed before the busy seasons of wheat harvesting and wheat planting, so that the things of busy time are done in leisure time to facilitate busy season arrangement, and save multiple production costs of man power, material resources and the like, thereby greatly improving the labor productivity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cotton nutrition method for culturing seedlings, belong to technical field of crop cultivation.
Background technology
Cotton Gossypii belongs to angiosperm Malvaceae Gossypium on botany classification.For annual undershrub, at Perenniporia martius
Also there are perennial shrub or dungarunga.Cotton Gossypii is the industrial crops that China is important.Cotton fiber is the important source material of textile industry
With goods and materials of earning foreign exchange；Semen Gossypii is important edible oil source and industrial chemicals, the Semen Gossypii oil content after general lint reach 22%～
25%, the Cottonseed oil content after shelling reaches 35%～45%；Cotton seed hulls is cheap chemical industry and edible fungi raw materials；Cottonseed cake
Being feedstuff and the fertilizer source of high-quality, the Cottonseed powder after oil expression contains protein 45%～50%, and containing multivitamin.
As can be seen here, the major-minor product of Cotton Gossypii has higher value.It is most important fibre crops, is again important
Oil crop, or containing the cereal crops of high protein, fine chemical material and economic medicine source.Therefore, make great efforts to improve cotton
Flower yield and quality, do comprehensive utilization well, elongates industrial chain, not only can improve cotton grower's income, it is possible to meet national economy
Develop many needs.The method of raising seedling of Cotton Gossypii is a lot of at present, but seedling quality differs greatly, quality is the highest, transplants
The bottleneck that survival rate can not improve further, type of rearing is improper, restriction person's output of cotton and the raising of quality；Every year
Nursery season, Zong You peasant household causes the dead Seedling of Cotton Gossypii and the generation of various pest and disease damage owing to method for culturing seedlings is improper, causes cotton Seedling
Lacks moral fiber, yield significantly reduces, and have impact on the normal income of peasant.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of seedbed planting percent height, moves
Plant the cotton nutrition method for culturing seedlings that survival rate is high and volume increase income is high.
Technical scheme: for achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of cotton nutrition method for culturing seedlings, including following step
Rapid:
(1) seedbed prepares: seedbed selects that smooth relief is high, leeward on the sunny side, irrigation and drainage convenience, fertile soil, close water source
With land for growing field crops, disease-free location as ground, seedbed；
(2) nutritive soil preparation: described Nutrition Soil includes that fertilizer combines with depot fertilizer with inorganic fertilizer, quick-acting fertilizer；
(3) bed alms bowl is built: bed is built in segmentation on seedbed, makes nutritive cube, with system with fitly discharging into seedbed, alms bowl bed four
Week heap soil or fertilizer over and around the roots to be enclosed earth, carries out a ridge；
(4) sowing: watering foot and mend moisture in the soil water, sowing in 30～40 days, hots water treatment of seeds when sowing before transplanting, blinding,
Epiphragma；
(5) seedbed management: tight sealing film before emerging, nursery bed temperature is maintained at 30～35 DEG C；Emerge rear venting temperature control, bed
Temperature is maintained at 20～25 DEG C；Thinning final singling, high temperature-proof burn seedlings, seedling exercising when seedling age 2～3 true leaves；
(6) disease control: it is main for strengthening cultivation management, and it is auxiliary that cotton seed processes with chemical control.
As preferably, described in step (1), seedbed area is 1: 10-12 with area of field ratio, seedbed width 1.2-1.4
Rice, length 9-11 rice, seedbed degree of depth 10-14 cm.
Preferred as another kind, Nutrition Soil described in step (2) selects the content of organic matter high, and crumb structure is good, without withered,
The topsoil preparation of verticillium wilt pathogen, topsoil and the barnyard manure of becoming thoroughly decomposed sieved are mixed in the ratio of 8: 2, additionally every cubic metre
Nutrition Soil adds crushed limestone 2.5 kilograms, calcium superphosphate 1 kilogram, compound fertilizer 2 kilograms, sterilization dried poultrymanure 10
Kilogram, obtain Nutrition Soil；Nutrition Soil piles up, standby after ripening play alms bowl.
Preferred as another kind, making the water content of alms bowl soil used by nutritive cube described in step (3) is 55%-60%；Institute
The specification stating nutritive cube is: educate 2～3 true leaf cotton Seedlings, and the diameter 5 of alms bowl～6 centimetres are high 9-11 centimetre；Educate 4～5
True leaf cotton Seedling, the diameter 7 of alms bowl～8 centimetres are high 12～15 centimetres.
Preferred as another kind, sowing condition and time described in step (4) is: require ground temperature stable by 10 DEG C,
If sowing time meets low temperature overcast and rainy day, Huaibei district of Jiangsu province and Yangze river and Huai river cotton region early April sow, riverine cotton region April early and middle ten days broadcast
Kind.
Preferred as another kind, before watering foot benefit moisture in the soil water described in step (4), first build little ridge in nutritive cube surrounding,
Higher than 15 centimetres of alms bowl face, prevent from leaking；Every alms bowl dibbling 2～3 seeds, thick 1～2 centimetre of blinding, thickness is consistent；
After lid kind, herbicide spraying, and tight feud film surrounding.
Preferred as another kind, also should suitably water during seedbed management described in step (5): before emerging, foot in film
Wet, do not water；If the film inner layer globule is few, bed soil black and white differs, can be in fine day moisturizing in afternoon.After emerging as far as possible
Water less.
Preferred as another kind, described in step (5), thinning final singling is: carry out final singling during a piece of true leaf, pinch with hands or
Cut Seedling, retain alms bowl one Seedling；Described seedling exercising is: waters clear liquid dung 1～2 times, transplants first 1 week, can be by plastic sheeting daytime
Night opens, until transplanting, being beneficial to cotton Seedling and adapting to the land for growing field crops environment after transplanting.
Preferred as another kind, described in step (6), cotton seed is processed as: by the 40% double (good fortune of seed dressing of Semen Gossypii weight 0.5%
U.S. double and Seedvax complex preparation) wettable powder seed dressing, or 50% carbendazim with the 0.5 of Semen Gossypii weight～0.8% can
After WP seed dressing, sow about airtight two weeks；Or soak seed 12 hours with 0.3% carbendazim colloidal suspending agent, 401 resist
Vexed 20 hours of 800 times of immersions of microbial inoculum or 2000 times of liquid of 402 antibacterial, soak at 55～60 DEG C vexed 30 minutes, dry
Rear sowing.
Preferred as another kind, described in step (6), chemical control is: before cold current invasion and attack and wet weather, spray medicine is protected in time
Protecting, the extension controlling disease spreads, and uses medicament to include: 0.25%--0.5% equivalent formula Bordeaux mixture, uses dense first
Degree is 0.25%, the most then use 0.5%；50% carbendazol wettable powder 800～1000 times of liquid or 65% Mancozeb
500～600 times of liquid.
Specifically, the method for the invention comprises the following steps:
Step 1, seedbed prepares:
Seedbed selects that smooth relief is high, leeward on the sunny side, irrigation and drainage convenience, fertile soil, close water source and land for growing field crops, disease-free
Location as seedbed ground.Based on the preferable anosis plot of soil property, avoiding and use continuous cropping bed base, seedbed surrounding to have certain
Space, avoid preceding crop to stand up after jointing affects illumination and the ventilation in seedbed as far as possible.Seedbed area with area of field ratio is
1: 10～12, seedbed width about 1.3 meters, grow and be advisable with 10 meters, the seedbed degree of depth 12 cm.Every 0.5 kilogram
Thin film can cover 4 meters.Arch can be bent to by the most smooth bamboo chip, length 1.6 meters.
Step 2, nutritive soil preparation:
The nutrition local product of feeding block seedlings raising selects the content of organic matter high, and crumb structure is good, without withered, the topsoil of verticillium wilt pathogen.
Table soil in small, broken bits and the barnyard manure of becoming thoroughly decomposed sieved are mixed in the ratio of 8: 2, additionally every cubic metre of Nutrition Soil adds and pulverize
Limestone 2.5 kilograms, calcium superphosphate 1 kilogram, compound fertilizer 2 kilograms, sterilization dried poultrymanure 10 kilograms, accomplish fertilizer
Combine with depot fertilizer with inorganic fertilizer, quick-acting fertilizer.Preferably before the Spring Festival, alms bowl soil is ready to, soil and can be sufficiently mixed, heap
Long-pending, after ripening in winter, play alms bowl again.
Step 3, builds bed alms bowl:
Depending on seedbed width can be according to plastic sheeting width, bedside about 1.3 meters, grow and be advisable with 10 meters, the seedbed degree of depth
12 cm, are advisable with equal with ground after putting alms bowl blinding.The bed end, is evened out, and the depth is consistent, and surrounding holds gutter successfully.
Ground, seedbed should in cotton field or near, gather water is good, convenient management, close to water source, leeward plot on the sunny side, have meter
Draw ground segmentation and build bed.Specifically include the following aspects:
(1) determine the alms bowl suitable water content of soil: when making nutritive cube, loam mixed even squirting, the water content of alms bowl soil with
55%～60% is advisable, and reaches " holding can be agglomerating, and flat breast lands scattered " preferably.
(2) suitable soil-block forming machine is selected: general employing bowl making apparatus is manual plays alms bowl, and alms bowl played by employing soil-block forming machine machinery with good conditionsi.
The size of alms bowl depends on the seedling age of Cotton Gossypii.Educate 2～3 true leaf cotton Seedlings, the diameter 5 of alms bowl～6 centimetres, high 10 cm；
Educate 4～5 true leaf cotton Seedlings, the diameter 7 of alms bowl～8 centimetres are high 12～15 centimetres.
(3) alms bowl processed.During alms bowl processed, in alms bowl, Nutrition Soil wants degree of tightness moderate, it is impossible to the most loose, and otherwise bowl is easily collapsed；Can not be too
Tightly, otherwise cotton Seedling is difficult to root of hair.
(4) row's alms bowl.Nutritive cube with fitly discharging into seedbed, accomplishes that bowl top concordant during pendulum alms bowl with system, in order to sowing lid
Soil.
(5) alms bowl bed is managed and protected.Alms bowl processed terminates, alms bowl bed surrounding heap soil or fertilizer over and around the roots to be enclosed earth, carries out a ridge, and bed ridge height is typically slightly above
Alms bowl face, and dig three ditches in advance in surrounding, raise a base.Fertile fine earth remaining to alms bowl processed is unified to be deposited on a ridge, and
Cover with thin film tiling, in case weather wet weather causes the damage to alms bowl bed and lid seed soil moisture content to scatter and disappear or increase and decrease, for broadcasting
Plant and carry out adequate preparation.
Step 4, determines sowing time:
The principle that the nutrition bowl seedling transplanting sowing cotton seed time determines is that requirement ground temperature is stable by 10 DEG C, if meeting sowing time low
Temperature is overcast and rainy, and feeding block seedlings raising can be sowed by the long-term sowing time, as Huaibei district of Jiangsu province and Yangze river and Huai river cotton region early April sow,
Riverine cotton region April early and middle ten days sowing be advisable.
Step 5, sowing:
(1) water foot and mend moisture in the soil water: before watering, first build little ridge in nutritive cube surrounding, higher than 15 centimetres of alms bowl face, anti-leak-stopping
Water, waters seeing open fire to bowl gap, is inserted into the end with small stems from alms bowl heart energy one, represents that water is the most sufficient.
(2) finely sowing: in transplanting sowing in first 35 days.Choose cotton seed before broadcasting, hot water treatment of seeds when sowing.Will battalion
Foster alms bowl is ajusted, upper together can under uneven.After pendulum alms bowl, irrigate alms bowl block by several times, after oozing under water, every alms bowl dibbling 2～3 kinds
Son.Nursery cotton Changes in weather to be seen in sowing time situation, catches " cold tail warms up head, robs fine sowing ".
(3) blinding and epiphragma.Thick 1～2 centimetre of blinding, thickness is consistent；After lid kind, herbicide spraying, and tight feud
Film surrounding.
Step 6, seedbed management
(1) tight sealing film, heats rush and emerges: before emerging, and nursery bed temperature should be maintained at 30～35 DEG C.
(2) ventilation temperature control, nurturing staff: after emerging, bed temperature is maintained at 20～25 DEG C and is advisable；After rough leaf, keep
About 20 DEG C.Opening film time during the fine day morning 9 to afternoon 16 to ventilate, cover in the evening.
(3) suitably watering: before emerging, in film, foot is wet, does not waters；If the film inner layer globule is few, bed soil black and white is not
One, can be in fine day moisturizing in afternoon.Water less after emerging as far as possible.
(4) thinning final singling: for nurturing staff, prevent high foot Seedling, selects fine day to carry out thinning, a piece of true leaf in time after neat Seedling
Carrying out final singling, a final singling can pinch or cut Seedling with hands, and final singling the most early to be determined, and retains alms bowl one Seedling, and notes pulling out in bed
Weeds, prevent and treat disease pest harm.
(5) high temperature-proof burn seedlings: if meeting high temperature (maximum temperature more than 25 DEG C), temperature in the shed is up to more than 50 DEG C, now
Want suitably at film surrounding opening, aeration-cooling, in order to avoid causing burn seedlings.
(6) seedling exercising: when seedling age 2～3 true leaves, should take off and cover progressively seedling exercising night daytime, and this stage can water clear liquid dung 1～2
Secondary.Transplant first 1 week, plastic sheeting can be opened round the clock, until transplanting, being beneficial to cotton Seedling and adapting to the land for growing field crops ring after transplanting
Border.Such as frost, wet weather, strong wind etc., also thin film is built, in case being injured.
Step 7, disease control:
Sprout term disease mainly has: damping-off, anthrax and red rot, and preventing and treating is mainly taked to strengthen cultivation management to be main,
It is auxiliary comprehensive preventive health measures that cotton seed processes with chemical control.Measure is as follows:
(1)) selected Semen Gossypii: accomplish " selects two solarization three sterilizations ", selected high-quality cotton seed before sowing, eliminates except sick, worm
Seed, little seed, flat seed and foreign particle, then bask seeds 1～2 day, then carry out seed disinfection.
(2)) seed treatment: can with 40% seed dressing double (thiram and Seedvax complex preparation) of Semen Gossypii weight 0.5%
WP is dressed seed, or after dressing seed with 50% carbendazol wettable powder of the 0.5 of Semen Gossypii weight～0.8%, airtight half
Sow about Yue.Also can soak seed 12 hours with 0.3% carbendazim colloidal suspending agent, 401 vexed 20 hours of antibacterial 800 times immersions
Or 2000 times of liquid of 402 antibacterial, soak at 55～60 DEG C vexed 30 minutes, sow after drying.
(3) strengthen tillage and cultivation management: efficent rotation, deep ploughing improve the soil, begin sowing in good time, nursery, transplanting, use sufficient
Base manure, topdresses in time, enhances field management.
(4) chemical control: spray medicine protection in time before cold current invasion and attack and wet weather, the extension controlling disease spreads.Typically
Emerge about 80% time carry out foliar spray, whether to continue dispenser depending on the backsight state of an illness.Conventional medicament has: 0.25%--0.5%
Equivalent formula Bordeaux mixture, concentration is 0.25% first, the most then use 0.5%, has preferable seedling protecting effect；Bacterium more than 50%
Spirit wettable powder 800～1000 times of liquid or 65% Mancozeb 500～600 times of liquid.
Beneficial effect: the conventional Cotton Gossypii direct seeding technique of ratio, cotton nutrition method for culturing seedlings of the present invention is beneficial to nurturing staff,
Realizing full stand dense planting, seedbed nursery was than 20～30 days ahead of time accordingly field seeding phase, and cotton Seedling is unearthed early, complete, even, strong,
It is advantageously implemented and early sends out strong sprout, make full use of sunlight-heat reaources, effectively extend period of duration；Volume increase income is high, every mu of cotton field
Volume increase 8%～15%, improves income 100～120 yuan/mu, also helps busy farming season of staggering: except transplanting land for growing field crops simultaneously
Work outside, raising seedling of cotton work be all to complete before the rush season of wheat harvest wheat seeds, make the thing idle of busy do,
It is easy to busy farming season arrangement, saves the multiple production costs such as human and material resources, substantially increase labor productivity.
Detailed description of the invention
According to following embodiment, the present invention be may be better understood.But, as it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that reality
Execute the content described by example and be merely to illustrate the present invention, and should be also without limitation on not described in detail in claims
The present invention.
Embodiment 1:
Step 1, seedbed prepares:
Seedbed selects that smooth relief is high, leeward on the sunny side, irrigation and drainage convenience, fertile soil, close water source and land for growing field crops, disease-free
Location as seedbed ground.Based on the preferable anosis plot of soil property, avoiding and use continuous cropping bed base, seedbed surrounding to have certain
Space, avoid preceding crop to stand up after jointing affects illumination and the ventilation in seedbed as far as possible.Seedbed area with area of field ratio is
1: 11, seedbed width 1.3 meters, a length of 10 meters, the seedbed degree of depth 12 centimetres.Every 0.5 kilogram of thin film can cover 4 meters.
Arch can be bent to by the most smooth bamboo chip, length 1.6 meters.
Step 2, nutritive soil preparation:
The nutrition local product of feeding block seedlings raising selects the content of organic matter high, and crumb structure is good, without withered, the topsoil of verticillium wilt pathogen.
Table soil in small, broken bits and the barnyard manure of becoming thoroughly decomposed sieved are mixed in the ratio of 8: 2, additionally every cubic metre of Nutrition Soil adds and pulverize
Limestone 2.5 kilograms, calcium superphosphate 1 kilogram, compound fertilizer 2 kilograms, sterilization dried poultrymanure 10 kilograms, accomplish fertilizer
Combine with depot fertilizer with inorganic fertilizer, quick-acting fertilizer.Preferably before the Spring Festival, alms bowl soil is ready to, soil and can be sufficiently mixed, heap
Long-pending, after ripening in winter, play alms bowl again.
Step 3, builds bed alms bowl:
Depending on seedbed width can be according to plastic sheeting width, bedside about 1.3 meters, grow and be advisable with 10 meters, the seedbed degree of depth
12 centimetres, it is advisable with equal with ground after putting alms bowl blinding.The bed end, is evened out, and the depth is consistent, and surrounding holds gutter successfully.Seedbed
Ground should in cotton field or near, gather water is good, convenient management, close to water source, leeward plot on the sunny side, in a planned way
Bed is built in segmentation.Specifically include the following aspects:
(1) determine the alms bowl suitable water content of soil: when making nutritive cube, loam mixed even squirting, the water content of alms bowl soil with
55%～60% is advisable, and reaches " holding can be agglomerating, and flat breast lands scattered " preferably.
(2) suitable soil-block forming machine is selected: general employing bowl making apparatus is manual plays alms bowl, and alms bowl played by employing soil-block forming machine machinery with good conditionsi.
The size of alms bowl depends on the seedling age of Cotton Gossypii.Educate 2～3 true leaf cotton Seedlings, the diameter 5 of alms bowl～6 centimetres are high 10 centimetres；Educate
4～5 true leaf cotton Seedlings, the diameter 7 of alms bowl～8 centimetres are high 12～15 centimetres.
(3) alms bowl processed.During alms bowl processed, in alms bowl, Nutrition Soil wants degree of tightness moderate, it is impossible to the most loose, and otherwise bowl is easily collapsed；Can not be too
Tightly, otherwise cotton Seedling is difficult to root of hair.
(4) row's alms bowl.Nutritive cube with fitly discharging into seedbed, accomplishes that bowl top concordant during pendulum alms bowl with system, in order to sowing lid
Soil.
(5) alms bowl bed is managed and protected.Alms bowl processed terminates, alms bowl bed surrounding heap soil or fertilizer over and around the roots to be enclosed earth, carries out a ridge, and bed ridge height is typically slightly above
Alms bowl face, and dig three ditches in advance in surrounding, raise a base.Fertile fine earth remaining to alms bowl processed is unified to be deposited on a ridge, and
Cover with thin film tiling, in case weather wet weather causes the damage to alms bowl bed and lid seed soil moisture content to scatter and disappear or increase and decrease, for broadcasting
Plant and carry out adequate preparation.
Step 4, determines sowing time:
The principle that the nutrition bowl seedling transplanting sowing cotton seed time determines is that requirement ground temperature is stable by 10 DEG C, if meeting sowing time low
Temperature is overcast and rainy, and feeding block seedlings raising can be sowed by the long-term sowing time, as Huaibei district of Jiangsu province and Yangze river and Huai river cotton region early April sow,
Riverine cotton region April early and middle ten days sowing be advisable.
Step 5, sowing:
(1) water foot and mend moisture in the soil water: before watering, first build little ridge in nutritive cube surrounding, higher than 15 centimetres of alms bowl face, anti-leak-stopping
Water, waters seeing open fire to bowl gap, is inserted into the end with small stems from alms bowl heart energy one, represents that water is the most sufficient.
(2) finely sowing: in transplanting sowing in first 35 days.Choose cotton seed before broadcasting, hot water treatment of seeds when sowing.Will battalion
Foster alms bowl is ajusted, upper together can under uneven.After pendulum alms bowl, irrigate alms bowl block by several times, after oozing under water, every alms bowl dibbling 2～3 kinds
Son.Nursery cotton Changes in weather to be seen in sowing time situation, catches " cold tail warms up head, robs fine sowing ".
(3) blinding and epiphragma.Thick 1～2 centimetre of blinding, thickness is consistent；After lid kind, herbicide spraying, and tight feud
Film surrounding.
Step 6, seedbed management
(1) tight sealing film, heats rush and emerges: before emerging, and nursery bed temperature should be maintained at 30～35 DEG C.
(2) ventilation temperature control, nurturing staff: after emerging, bed temperature is maintained at 20～25 DEG C；After rough leaf, keep 20 DEG C.
Opening film time during the fine day morning 9 to afternoon 16 to ventilate, cover in the evening.
(3) suitably watering: before emerging, in film, foot is wet, does not waters；If the film inner layer globule is few, bed soil black and white is not
One, can be in fine day moisturizing in afternoon.Water less after emerging as far as possible.
(4) thinning final singling: for nurturing staff, prevent high foot Seedling, selects fine day to carry out thinning, a piece of true leaf in time after neat Seedling
Carrying out final singling, a final singling can pinch or cut Seedling with hands, and final singling the most early to be determined, and retains alms bowl one Seedling, and notes pulling out in bed
Weeds, prevent and treat disease pest harm.
(5) high temperature-proof burn seedlings: if meeting high temperature (maximum temperature more than 25 DEG C), temperature in the shed is up to more than 50 DEG C, now
Want suitably at film surrounding opening, aeration-cooling, in order to avoid causing burn seedlings.
(6) seedling exercising: when seedling age 2～3 true leaves, should take off and cover progressively seedling exercising night daytime, and this stage can water clear liquid dung 1～2
Secondary.Transplant first 1 week, plastic sheeting can be opened round the clock, until transplanting, being beneficial to cotton Seedling and adapting to the land for growing field crops ring after transplanting
Border.Such as frost, wet weather, strong wind etc., also thin film is built, in case being injured.
Step 7, disease control:
Sprout term disease mainly has: damping-off, anthrax and red rot, and preventing and treating is mainly taked to strengthen cultivation management to be main,
It is auxiliary comprehensive preventive health measures that cotton seed processes with chemical control.Measure is as follows:
(1)) selected Semen Gossypii: accomplish " selects two solarization three sterilizations ", selected high-quality cotton seed before sowing, eliminates except sick, worm
Seed, little seed, flat seed and foreign particle, then bask seeds 1～2 day, then carry out seed disinfection.
(2)) seed treatment: can with 40% seed dressing double (thiram and Seedvax complex preparation) of Semen Gossypii weight 0.5%
WP is dressed seed, or after dressing seed with 50% carbendazol wettable powder of the 0.5 of Semen Gossypii weight～0.8%, airtight half
Sow about Yue.Also can soak seed 12 hours with 0.3% carbendazim colloidal suspending agent, 401 vexed 20 hours of antibacterial 800 times immersions
Or 2000 times of liquid of 402 antibacterial, soak at 55～60 DEG C vexed 30 minutes, sow after drying.
(3) strengthen tillage and cultivation management: efficent rotation, deep ploughing improve the soil, begin sowing in good time, nursery, transplanting, use sufficient
Base manure, topdresses in time, enhances field management.
(4) chemical control: spray medicine protection in time before cold current invasion and attack and wet weather, the extension controlling disease spreads.Typically go out
Foliar spray is carried out, whether to continue dispenser depending on the backsight state of an illness during Seedling about 80%.Conventional medicament has: 0.25%--0.5%
Equivalent formula Bordeaux mixture, concentration is 0.25% first, the most then use 0.5%, has preferable seedling protecting effect；Bacterium more than 50%
Spirit wettable powder 800～1000 times of liquid or 65% Mancozeb 500～600 times of liquid.
Embodiment 2:
Institute is the most same as in Example 1, except for the difference that transplants sowing in first 30 days.
Embodiment 3:
Institute is the most same as in Example 1, except for the difference that transplants sowing in first 40 days.
Embodiment 4: experimental plot nursery effect is verified
Within 2015, take carry out with a collection of same kind cotton seed (CCRI 63) on Jiangsu Polytechnic College of Agriculture and Forestry's practice farm
Seedling growth test, is set to matched group, embodiment 1 group, embodiment 2 groups and embodiment 3 groups, and matched group uses routine
Cotton Gossypii direct seeding technique carry out nursery, embodiment 1 group, embodiment 2 groups and embodiment 3 groups be respectively adopted the present invention implement
Example 1,2 and 3 method carries out nursery, result: matched group yield is 69.8 kgs/acre, investigates volume increase and the increasing of Cotton Gossypii
Produce effects really.Result see table 1 (cotton price is calculated) by 12 yuan/kilogram:
Yield Increase In Cotton the effect of increasing income respectively organized by table 1
Can be obtained by upper table result, compare the Cotton Gossypii direct seeding technique of routine, cotton nutrition method for culturing seedlings of the present invention volume increase income
Height, every mu of cotton field volume increase 8%～15%, improves income 100～130 yuan/mu.
Additionally, the inventive method is beneficial to nurturing staff, it is achieved full stand dense planting, seedbed nursery was done sth. in advance accordingly than the field seeding phase
20～30 days, cotton Seedling was unearthed early, complete, even, strong, is advantageously implemented and early sends out strong sprout, makes full use of sunlight-heat reaources, effectively
Ground extends period of duration；Also help busy farming season of staggering: in addition to transplanting the work in land for growing field crops, raising seedling of cotton works all simultaneously
It is to complete before the rush season of wheat harvest wheat seeds, makes the thing idle of busy do, it is simple to the busy farming season arranges, saving manpower,
The multiple production cost such as material resources, substantially increases labor productivity.
Claims (10)
1. a cotton nutrition method for culturing seedlings, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) seedbed prepares: seedbed selects that smooth relief is high, leeward on the sunny side, irrigation and drainage convenience, fertile soil, near water source and land for growing field crops, disease-free location is as seedbed；
(2) nutritive soil preparation: described Nutrition Soil includes that fertilizer combines with depot fertilizer with inorganic fertilizer, quick-acting fertilizer；
(3) bed alms bowl is built: bed is built in segmentation on seedbed, makes nutritive cube, with system with fitly discharging into seedbed, alms bowl bed surrounding heap soil or fertilizer over and around the roots to be enclosed earth, carry out a ridge；
(4) sowing: watering foot and mend moisture in the soil water, sowing in 30～40 days, hots water treatment of seeds when sowing before transplanting, blinding, epiphragma；
(5) seedbed management: tight sealing film before emerging, nursery bed temperature is maintained at 30～35 DEG C；Emerging rear venting temperature control, bed temperature is maintained at 20～25 DEG C；Thinning final singling, high temperature-proof burn seedlings, seedling exercising when seedling age 2～3 true leaves；
(6) disease control: it is main for strengthening cultivation management, and it is auxiliary that cotton seed processes with chemical control.
Cotton nutrition method for culturing seedlings the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described in step (1), seedbed area is 1: 10-12 with area of field ratio, seedbed width 1.2-1.4 rice, length 9-11 rice, seedbed degree of depth 10-14 cm.
Cotton nutrition method for culturing seedlings the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, Nutrition Soil described in step (2) selects the content of organic matter high, crumb structure is good, without withered, the topsoil preparation of verticillium wilt pathogen, topsoil and the barnyard manure of becoming thoroughly decomposed sieved are mixed in the ratio of 8: 2, additionally add crushed limestone 2.5 kilograms, calcium superphosphate 1 kilogram, compound fertilizer 2 kilograms, sterilization dried poultrymanure 10 kilograms in every cubic metre of Nutrition Soil, obtain Nutrition Soil；Nutrition Soil piles up, standby after ripening play alms bowl.
Cotton nutrition method for culturing seedlings the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that making the water content of alms bowl soil used by nutritive cube described in step (3) is 55%-60%；The specification of described nutritive cube is: educate 2～3 true leaf cotton Seedlings, and the diameter 5 of alms bowl～6 centimetres are high 9-11 centimetre；Educate 4～5 true leaf cotton Seedlings, the diameter 7 of alms bowl～8 centimetres are high 12～15 centimetres.
Cotton nutrition method for culturing seedlings the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, sowing condition and time described in step (4) is: require ground temperature stable by 10 DEG C, if meeting low temperature overcast and rainy day, Huaibei district of Jiangsu province and Yangze river and Huai river cotton region sowing time in early April sowing, riverine cotton region in early and middle ten days sowing in April.
Cotton nutrition method for culturing seedlings the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that before watering foot benefit moisture in the soil water described in step (4), first built little ridge in nutritive cube surrounding, higher than 15 centimetres of alms bowl face, prevented from leaking；Every alms bowl dibbling 2～3 seeds, thick 1～2 centimetre of blinding, thickness is consistent；After lid kind, herbicide spraying, and tight feud film surrounding.
Cotton nutrition method for culturing seedlings the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also should suitably water during seedbed management described in step (5): before emerging, in film, foot is wet, does not waters；If the film inner layer globule is few, bed soil black and white differs, can be in fine day moisturizing in afternoon.Water less after emerging as far as possible.
Cotton nutrition method for culturing seedlings the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described in step (5), thinning final singling is: carry out final singling during a piece of true leaf, pinch with hands or cut Seedling, retains alms bowl one Seedling；Described seedling exercising is: waters clear liquid dung 1～2 times, transplants first 1 week, opened round the clock by plastic sheeting, until transplanting, being beneficial to cotton Seedling and adapting to the land for growing field crops environment after transplanting.
Cotton nutrition method for culturing seedlings the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described in step (6), cotton seed is processed as: with 40% seed dressing double wettable powder seed dressing of Semen Gossypii weight 0.5%, or with behind the 0.5 of Semen Gossypii weight～the 50% carbendazol wettable powder seed dressing of 0.8%, sow about airtight two weeks；Or soak seed 12 hours with 0.3% carbendazim colloidal suspending agent, 401 vexed 20 hours of antibacterial 800 times immersions or 2000 times of liquid of 402 antibacterial, soak at 55～60 DEG C vexed 30 minutes, sow after drying.
Cotton nutrition method for culturing seedlings the most according to claim 1; it is characterized in that; described in step (6), chemical control is: spray medicine protection in time before cold current invasion and attack and wet weather; the extension controlling disease spreads; use medicament includes: 0.25%--0.5% equivalent formula Bordeaux mixture; concentration is 0.25% first, the most then use 0.5%；50% carbendazol wettable powder 800～1000 times of liquid or 65% Mancozeb 500～600 times of liquid.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610184917.0A CN105830696A (en) | 2016-03-28 | 2016-03-28 | Nutrition pot seedling raising method of cotton |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610184917.0A CN105830696A (en) | 2016-03-28 | 2016-03-28 | Nutrition pot seedling raising method of cotton |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105830696A true CN105830696A (en) | 2016-08-10 |
Family
ID=56583734
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610184917.0A Pending CN105830696A (en) | 2016-03-28 | 2016-03-28 | Nutrition pot seedling raising method of cotton |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN105830696A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107926584A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-04-20 | 熊新家 | A kind of raising seedling of cotton method |
| CN108283117A (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2018-07-17 | 四川农业大学 | A kind of method that potato primary stock Nutrition Soil culturing and transplanting seedlings efficiently produce original seed |
| CN108935128A (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2018-12-07 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | Screen floor for manure provision for disengagement |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1178628A (en) * | 1996-10-09 | 1998-04-15 | 张集文 | Feeding block seedlings raising technology for cotton |
| CN103718802A (en) * | 2013-12-24 | 2014-04-16 | 新疆农业大学 | High-yield cotton cultivation method under condition of jujube-cotton intercropping |
| CN105248071A (en) * | 2015-09-21 | 2016-01-20 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | Substrate seedling cultivation method of cotton |
-
2016
- 2016-03-28 CN CN201610184917.0A patent/CN105830696A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1178628A (en) * | 1996-10-09 | 1998-04-15 | 张集文 | Feeding block seedlings raising technology for cotton |
| CN103718802A (en) * | 2013-12-24 | 2014-04-16 | 新疆农业大学 | High-yield cotton cultivation method under condition of jujube-cotton intercropping |
| CN105248071A (en) * | 2015-09-21 | 2016-01-20 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | Substrate seedling cultivation method of cotton |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| 佚名: "如何进行棉花营养钵育苗https://club.tnc.com.cn/school/knowledge-viewknowledge-37357.html", 《纺织百科》 * |
| 徐勋元: "棉花营养钵育苗培育早全齐壮苗技术", 《江西棉花》 * |
| 郑曙峰等: "抗虫棉节本高效栽培技术规范", 《江西棉花》 * |
| 陈利锋等: "《农业植物病理学 南方本》", 31 May 2001, 中国农业出版社 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108283117A (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2018-07-17 | 四川农业大学 | A kind of method that potato primary stock Nutrition Soil culturing and transplanting seedlings efficiently produce original seed |
| CN107926584A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-04-20 | 熊新家 | A kind of raising seedling of cotton method |
| CN108935128A (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2018-12-07 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | Screen floor for manure provision for disengagement |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN103493706B (en) | A kind of organic rice production method | |
| CN103461049B (en) | Protective cultivation technique for rice | |
| CN103004566A (en) | Planting method of Dendrobium officinale | |
| CN101095396A (en) | Technique of planting green vegetables | |
| CN105766385B (en) | A kind of plant protection method improving virus-free basic potato seed yield | |
| CN104823674A (en) | Muskmelon organic cultivation annual production method | |
| CN106376343A (en) | Efficient ecological anniversary planting method of middle-season rice ratooning rice and astragalus smicus | |
| CN102511333A (en) | Root-limiting direct-sowing tobacco seedling tray and root-limiting direct-sowing tobacco seedling raising method | |
| CN105766507A (en) | Fertile-seedbed dry-seedling-raising method for rice | |
| CN104285662A (en) | Greenhouse cultivation method of pollution-free cherry tomatoes | |
| CN104380962A (en) | Early spring tomato seedling and greenhouse cultivation method | |
| CN104541866B (en) | Fertilizing method for organic tomato cultivation | |
| CN105613024A (en) | Organic cultivation and rotation method for watermelons, rice and water chestnuts in spring and summer | |
| CN106233996A (en) | Early red pepper, Oryza sativa L., Corm Eleocharitis crop rotation organic cultivation method | |
| CN104541906A (en) | Container nursery method for white bark pine seeds | |
| CN108990701A (en) | A kind of facility cultivation technique of hickory chick and rice crop rotation | |
| CN104025830A (en) | Greenhouse cherry cultivation method | |
| CN107896863A (en) | A kind of breeding method of capsicum | |
| CN101755583A (en) | Anti-season culture technology and method of organic watermelons | |
| CN108812116A (en) | A kind of composite stereo ecology method for interplanting cultivation of capsicum, sponge gourd and water spinach | |
| CN106900316A (en) | A kind of method of wild bigflower centranthera root seed natural propagation | |
| CN102986417B (en) | Method for rapidly cultivating cotton seedlings | |
| CN110558181A (en) | Efficient cultivation method of green pollution-free rice | |
| CN105830696A (en) | Nutrition pot seedling raising method of cotton | |
| CN113229053A (en) | Planting method for vegetables capable of automatically and quantitatively adding selenium-rich nutrient solution |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20160810 |
|
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |