CN105823526A - Deposition and water level monitor and application method thereof - Google Patents
Deposition and water level monitor and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105823526A CN105823526A CN201610420704.3A CN201610420704A CN105823526A CN 105823526 A CN105823526 A CN 105823526A CN 201610420704 A CN201610420704 A CN 201610420704A CN 105823526 A CN105823526 A CN 105823526A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
- G01F23/14—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measurement of pressure
- G01F23/18—Indicating, recording or alarm devices actuated electrically
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
- G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
- G01F23/26—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields
- G01F23/263—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields by measuring variations in capacitance of capacitors
- G01F23/265—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields by measuring variations in capacitance of capacitors for discrete levels
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
- G08C17/00—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link
- G08C17/02—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using a radio link
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Measurement Of Levels Of Liquids Or Fluent Solid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a deposition and water level monitor and an application method thereof and belongs to the technical field of underwater deposition automatic monitoring in the water conservancy industry. According to the technical scheme, the deposition and water level monitor comprises a monitoring host (6) and a deposition and water level sensor (8), the deposition and water level sensor is in a strip shape, and a plurality of electrodes (7) are distributed in the length direction. The strip-shaped deposition and water level sensor is vertically and downwards arranged in the length direction, and the capacitance value of each electrode is measured; the deposition thickness is obtained in real time according to different capacitance values of all the electrodes and intervals between every two electrodes. By means of the deposition and water level monitor and the application method thereof, the water level and decomposition can be monitored at the same time, water surface and water bottom can be monitored at the same time, the decomposition thickness and the water level height can be monitored for a long time without manual intervention, then deposition rules of sludge and water level change situations are analyzed, and storage capacity or water flow is measured. The deposition and water level monitor and the application method thereof are high in accuracy, high in real-time performance, easy to arrange and small in later-period maintenance amount.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of alluvial and water-level instrumentation and application process thereof, belong to water conservancy industry and deposit under water automatic monitoring technical field.
Background technology
For the monitoring of deposition thickness, the most still not having can simple, low cost, long-time continuous print monitoring method.In various fields or occasion, the speed of monitoring siltation and thickness, tool is of great significance, such as: the reservoir depth of water and deposition thickness monitoring, river water level and deposition thickness monitoring, agricultural irrigation metering channel water level and deposition thickness monitoring, pipeline deposition thickness monitoring etc., rely on conventional equipment or manpower monitoring, extremely difficult, and also alluvial can cause monitoring device to work, how to realize simple, the alluvial of low cost is monitored automatically, is this field a great problem.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of alluvial and water-level instrumentation and application process thereof, to realizing depositing under water monitoring automatically under multiple occasion, accuracy is high, real-time, lay simple, later maintenance amount is little, solves problem present in background technology.
The technical scheme is that
A kind of alluvial and water-level instrumentation, comprising: alluvial and level sensor and monitoring main frame, alluvial and level sensor are strip, are distributed multiple electrode along its length, interval between electrode is the least, accuracy of detection the highest (such as: being spaced apart 2.5 millimeter between electrode)；Described electrode is made up of circuit board.
Alluvial and level sensor front are multiple electrode, and electrode is as capacitance measurement point；Alluvial and level sensor reverse side are that capacitance measurement circuit and expansible serial communication bus, capacitance measurement circuit and expansible serial communication bus make IC chip, and IC chip is connected with monitoring main frame；All of electrode, connects alluvial and the IC chip at the level sensor back side respectively, IC chip by electrode detection to the dielectric constant of surrounding medium be uploaded to monitor main frame.
Described electrode, utilizes empty gas and water, the difference in dielectric constant of mud to carry out measured capacitance value.Electrode is the dielectric constant of perception surrounding medium in certain distance, and the dielectric constant of described surrounding medium is: air: 1, water: 81, mud: 30 ~ 80, and deposit deposit: 5 ~ 30.Described electrode is made up of circuit board, is the front of circuit board at strip, makes multiple electrodes arranged in parallel along its length, can arrange more than 1 row.
Described alluvial and level sensor, it is arranged in the shell of opening, shell is the strip mated with alluvial and level sensor, alluvial and level sensor just facing to the opening of shell, the surface in alluvial and level sensor front is provided with waterproof protective layer, being additionally provided with stain-proofing layer outside waterproof protective layer, stain-proofing layer is politef or the Teflon being difficult to be infected with dirt.
Described monitoring main frame comprises single-chip microcomputer, lithium battery, wireless communication module, and single-chip microcomputer connects lithium battery, wireless communication module respectively, and single-chip microcomputer is also connected with alluvial and level sensor；Wireless communication module is connected with upper monitoring computer coupling by long-distance communication network.
Described wireless communication module can be existing ground wireless communication module or long-distance radio communication module, or now wireless communication module has concurrently with both long-distance radio communication modules.
Described lithium battery can be with external power supply.
Described alluvial and water-level instrumentation can also monitor the depth of water.
The monitoring main frame of the present invention, capacitance measurement circuit and expansible serial communication bus, dielectric constant, stain-proofing layer material, for known technology or with available well known materials, or can assemble on the market the most voluntarily.
A kind of alluvial and the application process of water-level instrumentation, above-mentioned alluvial and water-level instrumentation is used to detect, alluvial and water-level instrumentation are arranged in and need the position of monitoring, the alluvial of strip and the length direction of level sensor are disposed vertically downward, electrode in alluvial and level sensor switches on power, on the depth direction needing monitoring, measure the capacitance of each electrode；Different according to each electrode capacitance value, and the spacing between each electrode, draw deposition thickness in real time.
The inventive method can use at following areas or place:
1, the reservoir depth of water and deposition thickness monitoring it are applied to
A kind of alluvial and water-level instrumentation are for the reservoir depth of water and the monitoring method of deposition thickness, above-mentioned alluvial and water-level instrumentation is used to realize, the feature of reservoir application is: water depth ratio can be reached rice up to a hundred by several meters, alluvial change can be reached tens meters by several meters, in reservoir is applied, also comprising, in alluvial and water-level instrumentation, the surface float that the static pressure type level sensor being connected with single-chip microcomputer is connected by water-proof cable with single-chip microcomputer, in surface float, coupling has the monitoring single-chip microcomputer of main frame, wireless communication module and lithium battery；Alluvial and the shell of level sensor are strip, lower heavy upper gently guarantee that when putting in reservoir vertical subsidence, monitoring main frame are arranged in surface float, and static pressure type level sensor is used for surveying the depth of water；Separately set water-level gauge detection reservoir level and local atmospheric pressure, storehouse silt absolute altitude can be monitored through data fusion, thus realize automatically calibrating water level/storage-capacity curve, owing to bottom reservoir, each point deposition thickness is different, alluvial and water-level instrumentation arrange multiple measuring point in same reservoir.
Specifically comprise the following steps that
1. alluvial and level sensor are connected with surface float by water-proof cable, and in surface float, coupling has monitoring main frame, and when water-proof cable length should ensure that maximum water depth, alluvial and level sensor can also gradually pass through bottom mud and the through reservoir of alluvial；
2. alluvial and the shell of level sensor should have enough weight, and bottom is pointed, lower heavy upper gently guarantee vertical subsidence when putting in reservoir, and it is the most crooked that top lighter when entering mud and alluvial relies on buoyancy to ensure；
3. alluvial and level sensor sink after putting into reservoir, gradually pass through the mud bottom reservoir and alluvial arrives bottom of the reservior, and the thickness of the periodic monitor depth of water, mud and alluvial at that time in this course, and the data every time monitored are sent into the single-chip microcomputer storage of monitoring main frame；
4. the upper monitoring computer of administration section is connected with the wireless communication module coupling of monitoring main frame by long-distance communication network, according to being previously set, the wireless communication module that related data is delivered in surface float by single-chip microcomputer timing is uploaded, and related data comprises: alluvial and water-level instrumentation numbering, the thickness of the depth of water, mud and alluvial recorded, battery electric quantity, Time of Day etc.；
5. the data that administration section will upload, through carrying out data fusion with the related data such as reservoir level meter and local atmospheric pressure, the absolute altitude of the depth of water of this measuring point, mud and alluvial can be obtained, calculate and draw definite water level/storage-capacity curve, obtain capacity reservoir accurately, and for when desilting provides foundation；
6. administration section can open surface float, changes battery or address card, safeguards.
Good effect:
Described alluvial and water-level instrumentation are applied to the reservoir depth of water and deposition thickness monitoring, directly can throw in reservoir surface arbitrfary point, alluvial and water-level instrumentation sensor are during gradually sinking to deposit until bottom of the reservior, data fusion by reservoir level meter, all the time monitoring reservoir level and the absolute altitude of bottom of the reservior alluvial, when being finally reached bottom of the reservior entrance and stablizing, can calculate: bottom of the reservior absolute altitude, the absolute altitude of bottom of the reservior alluvial, the thickness of bottom of the reservior mud and change, reservoir level and actual storage capacity, the Monitoring Data of this layering, thrown in by multiple spot, whole reservoir area can be constituted one overall, complete distribution pattern.
、It is applied to river water level and deposition thickness monitoring
A kind of alluvial and water-level instrumentation are for river water level and the monitoring method of deposition thickness; above-mentioned alluvial and water-level instrumentation is used to realize; in river course is applied; generally have floating thing blows extension, so should arrange plate object in river course, plate object flows setting downstream; it is fixed on river bed; alluvial and water-level instrumentation are vertically set on the tailing edge of plate object, and most of floating thing can scrape the forward position hanging over plate object upstream face, thus reduces floating thing to alluvial and the impact of water-level instrumentation certainty of measurement.
Comprise the following steps:
1. in river course, plate object is firmly fixed to river bed by Parallel to the flow direction, bottom of river channel fixture can be concrete pedestal, the height of plate object should be higher than that river course peak level, if desired, plate object top installs additional to navigate dodges mark, and the width of plate object should be greater than the length of most common floating thing in river course；
The tailing edge of the downstream direction 2. flowed downstream at plate object, it is vertically arranged alluvial and water-level instrumentation, the leading edge of the updrift side so flowed downstream by plate object with the floating thing in water, or drift is walked downstream, would not have influence on the precision of the Monitoring Data of alluvial and water-level instrumentation；
3. different due to the river bed deposition thickness of same monitoring section, in river course, multiple alluvial and level sensor can be set same monitoring section, thus generate the alluvial curve of this monitoring section；
4. the absolute altitude of water level, mud and the alluvial in alluvial and water-level instrumentation periodic monitor river course, and the data storage that will every time monitor；
5. the upper monitoring computer of administration section is connected with the wireless communication module coupling of monitoring main frame by long-distance communication network, according to being previously set, the wireless communication module that related data is delivered in surface float by single-chip microcomputer timing is uploaded, and related data comprises: alluvial and water-level instrumentation numbering, the thickness of the depth of water, mud and alluvial recorded, battery electric quantity, Time of Day etc.；
6. the data message received is processed by administration section's upper monitoring computer further, thus realizes the automatic monitoring of water level, mud and alluvial to river course；
7. administration section can directly change battery, address card etc. and carries out regular maintenance, or directly repairs or replaces when equipment fault, for reducing maintenance, also can use solar powered.
Good effect:
Described alluvial and water-level instrumentation are applied to river water level and deposition thickness monitoring, in river course, multiple alluvial and water-level instrumentation can be set same monitoring section, thus generate the alluvial curve of this monitoring section, administration section can determine whether variation tendency of depositing, foundation is provided for river regulation and control, plate object fixed form avoids the interference that floater in river brings so that system reliability is greatly improved.
3, agricultural irrigation metering channel water level and deposition thickness monitoring it are applied to
A kind of alluvial and water-level instrumentation are identical with in river course application for agricultural irrigation metering channel water level and the monitoring of deposition thickness, its distribution method and usage.
Difference is: in metering channel application, makes the water level/discharge relation curve under different alluvial according to the deposition thickness rate of the metering channel measured, thus improves measuring accuracy.
Comprise the following steps:
1. in agricultural irrigation channel, one section acclive, straight, have and uniquely determine that the channel of water level/discharge relation curve is called " metering channel ", but, this " well-determined water level/discharge relation curve " can change along with the appearance of channel bottom alluvial, by recalibrating, find the water level under the conditions of this alluvial/discharge relation curve, be the important means improving metering channel measuring accuracy；
2. because metering channel also has floating thing, so plate object is firmly fixed to river bed by Parallel to the flow direction in channel, channel bottom fixture can be concrete pedestal, and the height of plate object should be higher than that channel peak level, and the width of plate object should be greater than the length of most common floating thing in channel；Alluvial and water-level instrumentation periodic monitor measure water level and the absolute altitude of alluvial of channel, and the data storage that will every time monitor；
3. according to the requirement of " canal water gauging specification ", utilize flow velocity/area-method, recalibrate the water level under the conditions of this alluvial/discharge relation curve, calibrate the water level/discharge relation curve under the conditions of this various alluvial of metering channel, and be input to the upper monitoring computer of administration section；
4. the upper monitoring computer of administration section is by the monitoring alluvial of long-range public network and the water level of the metering channel of water-level instrumentation timing acquiring and the absolute altitude of alluvial, by the water level/discharge relation curve under the conditions of metering this alluvial of channel, calculate the flow of this metering channel accurately；
5. the upper monitoring computer of administration section is deposited by monitoring and water level/discharge relation curve under the conditions of water-level instrumentation data and this various alluvial of metering channel realizes the accurate measurement of the water yield.
Good effect:
Described alluvial and water-level instrumentation are applied to agricultural irrigation metering channel water level and deposition thickness monitoring, take into full account the interference of channel floating thing, deposit on factors such as the impacts of effusion meter accuracy of measurement, different water level/these new ideas of discharge relation curve under the conditions of proposing difference alluvial, by while monitoring and metering channel water level and deposition thickness, can realize the accurate measurement under the conditions of alluvial, this is significant to a water-saving society.
The positive effect of the present invention: described alluvial and water-level instrumentation can monitor water level and alluvial simultaneously, the i.e. monitoring water surface monitors the bottom the most simultaneously, the automatic monitoring method realized has been widely used and limitless application prospect at water conservancy industry tool, can be for a long time without the monitoring thickness of mud, the height of water level of manual intervention, analyze the deposition rule of mud, the situation of change of water level, and calculate storage capacity or discharge.Accuracy of the present invention is high, real-time, lay simple, later maintenance amount is little.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is embodiment of the present invention alluvial and water-level instrumentation structural representation；
Fig. 2 is embodiment of the present invention alluvial and level sensor schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is embodiment of the present invention alluvial and level sensor and shell schematic cross-section；
Fig. 4 is hierarchy schematic diagram in embodiment of the present invention monitoring medium；
Fig. 5 is embodiment of the present invention river course, canal silting schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is the embodiment of the present invention one reservoir sedimentation monitoring application schematic diagram；
Fig. 7 is the embodiment of the present invention two, three river course, canal silting monitoring application schematic diagram；
Fig. 8 is the embodiment of the present invention two, three river course, canal silting monitoring application schematic side view；
In figure: air 1, water 2, mud 3, alluvial 4, shell 5, monitoring main frame 6, electrode 7, alluvial and level sensor 8, waterproof protective layer 9, stain-proofing layer 10, single-chip microcomputer 11, lithium battery 12, wireless communication module 13, static pressure type level sensor 14, surface float 15, water-proof cable 16, upper monitoring computer 17, basis 18, plate object 19, long-distance communication network 20.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, by embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
Referring to the drawings, a kind of alluvial and water-level instrumentation, comprise monitoring main frame 6 and alluvial and level sensor 8, alluvial and level sensor are strip, being distributed multiple electrode 7 along its length, the interval between electrode is the least, accuracy of detection the highest (such as: being spaced apart 2.5 millimeter between electrode)；Described electrode is made up of circuit board.
Alluvial and level sensor front are multiple electrodes 7, and electrode is as capacitance measurement point；Alluvial and level sensor reverse side are that capacitance measurement circuit and expansible serial communication bus, capacitance measurement circuit and expansible serial communication bus make IC chip, and IC chip is connected with monitoring main frame；All of electrode, connects alluvial and the IC chip at the level sensor back side respectively, IC chip by electrode detection to the dielectric constant of surrounding medium be uploaded to monitor main frame 6.
Described electrode, utilizes air 1, water 2, mud 3, the difference in dielectric constant of alluvial 4 to carry out measured capacitance value.Electrode is the dielectric constant of perception surrounding medium in certain distance, and the dielectric constant of described surrounding medium is: air: 1, water: 81, mud: 30 ~ 80, and deposit deposit: 5 ~ 30.Described electrode is made up of circuit board, is the front of circuit board at strip, makes multiple electrodes arranged in parallel along its length, can arrange more than 1 row.
Described alluvial and level sensor 8, it is arranged in the shell 5 of opening, shell is the strip mated with alluvial and level sensor, alluvial and level sensor just facing to the opening of shell, the surface in alluvial and level sensor front is provided with waterproof protective layer 9, being additionally provided with stain-proofing layer 10 outside waterproof protective layer, stain-proofing layer is politef or the Teflon being difficult to be infected with dirt.
Described monitoring main frame 6 comprises single-chip microcomputer 11, wireless communication module 13, lithium battery 12, and single-chip microcomputer connects lithium battery, wireless communication module respectively, and single-chip microcomputer is also connected with alluvial and level sensor；Wireless communication module 13 is connected with upper monitoring computer 17 coupling by long-distance communication network 20.
Described wireless communication module can be existing ground wireless communication module or long-distance radio communication module or have concurrently.
Described alluvial and water-level instrumentation can also monitor the depth of water.
A kind of alluvial and the application process of water-level instrumentation, above-mentioned alluvial and water-level instrumentation is used to detect, alluvial and water-level instrumentation are arranged in and need the position of monitoring, the alluvial of strip and the length direction of level sensor are disposed vertically downward, electrode in alluvial and level sensor switches on power, on the depth direction needing monitoring, measure the capacitance of each electrode；Different according to each electrode capacitance value, and the spacing between each electrode, draw deposition thickness in real time.
The inventive method can use at following areas or place:
Embodiment one, referring to the drawings 6, is applied to the reservoir depth of water and deposition thickness monitoring.
A kind of alluvial and water-level instrumentation are for the reservoir depth of water and the monitoring method of deposition thickness, above-mentioned alluvial and water-level instrumentation is used to realize, the feature of reservoir application is: water depth ratio can be reached rice up to a hundred by several meters, alluvial change can be reached tens meters by several meters, in reservoir is applied, also comprising the surface float 15 that the static pressure type level sensor 14 being connected with single-chip microcomputer is connected by water-proof cable 16 with single-chip microcomputer in alluvial and water-level instrumentation, in surface float, coupling has the monitoring single-chip microcomputer of main frame, wireless communication module and lithium battery；Alluvial and the shell of level sensor are strip, lower heavy upper gently guarantee that when putting in reservoir vertical subsidence, monitoring main frame are arranged in surface float, and static pressure type level sensor is used for surveying the depth of water；Separately setting water-level gauge detection reservoir level and local atmospheric pressure, can monitor storehouse silt absolute altitude through data fusion, thus calibrate water level/storage-capacity curve, owing to bottom reservoir, deposition thickness is different, alluvial and water-level instrumentation arrange multiple measuring point in same reservoir.
Specifically comprise the following steps that
1. alluvial and level sensor are connected with surface float by water-proof cable, and in surface float, coupling has monitoring main frame, and when water-proof cable length should ensure that maximum water depth, alluvial and level sensor can also gradually pass through bottom mud and the through reservoir of alluvial；
2. alluvial and the shell of level sensor should have enough weight, and bottom is pointed, lower heavy upper gently guarantee vertical subsidence when putting in reservoir, and it is the most crooked that top lighter when entering mud and alluvial relies on buoyancy to ensure；
3. sink after alluvial and level sensor put into reservoir together with shell, gradually pass through the mud bottom reservoir and alluvial arrives bottom of the reservior, and the thickness of the periodic monitor depth of water, mud and alluvial at that time in this course, and the data every time monitored are sent into the single-chip microcomputer storage of monitoring main frame；
4. the upper monitoring computer of administration section 17 is connected with the wireless communication module coupling of monitoring main frame by long-distance communication network 20, according to being previously set, the wireless communication module that related data is delivered in surface float by single-chip microcomputer timing is uploaded, and related data comprises: alluvial and water-level instrumentation numbering, the thickness of the depth of water, mud and alluvial recorded, battery electric quantity, Time of Day etc.；
5. the data that administration section will upload, through carrying out data fusion with the related data such as reservoir level meter and local atmospheric pressure, the absolute altitude of the depth of water of this measuring point, mud and alluvial can be obtained, calculate and draw definite water level/storage-capacity curve, obtain capacity reservoir accurately, and for when desilting provides foundation；
6. administration section can open surface float, changes battery or address card, safeguards.
Good effect:
Described alluvial and water-level instrumentation are applied to the reservoir depth of water and deposition thickness monitoring, directly can throw in reservoir surface arbitrfary point, alluvial and level sensor are during gradually sinking to deposit until bottom of the reservior, data fusion by reservoir level meter, all the time monitoring reservoir level and the absolute altitude of bottom of the reservior alluvial, when being finally reached bottom of the reservior entrance and stablizing, can calculate: bottom of the reservior absolute altitude, the absolute altitude of bottom of the reservior alluvial, the thickness of bottom of the reservior mud and change, reservoir level and actual storage capacity, the Monitoring Data of this layering, thrown in by multiple spot, whole reservoir area can be constituted one overall, complete distribution pattern.
Embodiment two, referring to the drawings 7.It is applied to river water level and deposition thickness monitoring.
A kind of alluvial and water-level instrumentation are for river water level and the monitoring method of deposition thickness; above-mentioned alluvial and water-level instrumentation is used to realize; in river course is applied; generally have floating thing blows extension, so should arrange plate object 19 in river course, plate object flows setting downstream; it is fixed on river bed; alluvial and water-level instrumentation are vertically set on the tailing edge of plate object, and most of floating thing can scrape the forward position hanging over plate object upstream face, thus reduces floating thing to alluvial and the impact of water-level instrumentation certainty of measurement.
Comprise the following steps:
1. in river course, plate object 19 is firmly fixed to river bed by Parallel to the flow direction, bottom of river channel fixture can be concrete pedestal 18, the height of plate object should be higher than that river course peak level, if desired, plate object top installs additional to navigate dodges mark, and the width of plate object should be greater than the length of most common floating thing in river course；
The tailing edge of the downstream direction 2. flowed downstream at plate object, it is vertically arranged alluvial and water-level instrumentation, the leading edge of the updrift side so flowed downstream by plate object with the floating thing in water, or drift is walked downstream, would not have influence on the precision of the Monitoring Data of alluvial and water-level instrumentation；
3. different due to the river bed deposition thickness of same monitoring section, in river course, multiple alluvial and level sensor can be set same monitoring section, thus generate the alluvial curve of this monitoring section；
4. the absolute altitude of water level, mud and the alluvial in alluvial and water-level instrumentation periodic monitor river course, and the data storage that will every time monitor；
5. the upper monitoring computer of administration section is connected with the wireless communication module coupling of monitoring main frame by long-distance communication network, according to being previously set, the wireless communication module that related data is delivered in surface float by single-chip microcomputer timing is uploaded, and related data comprises: alluvial and water-level instrumentation numbering, the thickness of the depth of water, mud and alluvial recorded, battery electric quantity, Time of Day etc.；
6. the data message received is processed by administration section's upper monitoring computer further, thus realizes the automatic monitoring of water level, mud and alluvial to river course；
7. administration section can directly change battery, address card etc. and carries out regular maintenance, or directly repairs or replaces when equipment fault, for reducing maintenance, also can use solar powered.
Good effect:
Described alluvial and water-level instrumentation are applied to river water level and deposition thickness monitoring, in river course, multiple alluvial and level sensor can be set same monitoring section, thus generate the alluvial curve of this monitoring section, administration section can determine whether variation tendency of depositing, foundation is provided for river regulation and control, plate object fixed form avoids the interference that floater in river brings so that system reliability is greatly improved.
Embodiment three, referring to the drawings 7, is applied to agricultural irrigation metering channel water level and deposition thickness monitoring.
A kind of alluvial and water-level instrumentation are identical with in river course application for agricultural irrigation metering channel water level and the monitoring of deposition thickness, its distribution method and usage.
Difference is: in metering channel application, makes the water level/discharge relation curve under different alluvial according to the deposition thickness rate of the metering channel measured, thus improves measuring accuracy.
Comprise the following steps:
1. in agricultural irrigation channel, one section acclive, straight, have and uniquely determine that the channel of water level/discharge relation curve is called " metering channel ", but, this " well-determined water level/discharge relation curve " can change along with the appearance of channel bottom alluvial, by recalibrating, find the water level under the conditions of this alluvial/discharge relation curve, be the important means improving metering channel measuring accuracy；
2. because metering channel also has floating thing, so plate object is firmly fixed to river bed by Parallel to the flow direction in channel, channel bottom fixture can be concrete pedestal, and the height of plate object should be higher than that channel peak level, and the width of plate object should be greater than the length of most common floating thing in channel；Alluvial and water-level instrumentation periodic monitor measure water level and the absolute altitude of alluvial of channel, and the data storage that will every time monitor；
3. according to the requirement of " canal water gauging specification ", utilize flow velocity/area-method, recalibrate the water level under the conditions of this alluvial/discharge relation curve, calibrate the water level/discharge relation curve under the conditions of this various alluvial of metering channel, and be input to the upper monitoring computer of administration section；
4. the upper monitoring computer of administration section is by the monitoring alluvial of long-range public network and the water level of the metering channel of water-level instrumentation timing acquiring and the absolute altitude of alluvial, by the water level/discharge relation curve under the conditions of metering this alluvial of channel, calculate the flow of this metering channel accurately；
5. the upper monitoring computer of administration section is deposited by monitoring and water level/discharge relation curve under the conditions of water-level instrumentation data and this various alluvial of metering channel realizes the accurate measurement of the water yield.
Good effect:
Described alluvial and water-level instrumentation are applied to agricultural irrigation metering channel water level and deposition thickness monitoring, take into full account the interference of channel floating thing, deposit on factors such as the impacts of effusion meter accuracy of measurement, different water level/these new ideas of discharge relation curve under the conditions of proposing difference alluvial, by while monitoring and metering channel water level and deposition thickness, can realize the accurate measurement under the conditions of alluvial, this is significant to a water-saving society.
Claims (10)
1. an alluvial and water-level instrumentation, it is characterised in that comprising monitoring main frame (6) and alluvial and level sensor (8), alluvial and level sensor are strip, are distributed multiple electrode (7) along its length, and described electrode is made up of circuit board.
Alluvial the most according to claim 1 and water-level instrumentation, it is characterised in that: alluvial and level sensor front are multiple electrode (7), and electrode is as capacitance measurement point；Alluvial and level sensor reverse side are that capacitance measurement circuit and expansible serial communication bus, capacitance measurement circuit and expansible serial communication bus make IC chip, and IC chip is connected with monitoring main frame；All of electrode, connects alluvial and the IC chip at the level sensor back side respectively, IC chip by electrode detection to the dielectric constant of surrounding medium be uploaded to monitor main frame (6).
Alluvial the most according to claim 1 and 2 and water-level instrumentation, it is characterized in that: described alluvial and level sensor (8), it is arranged in the shell (5) of opening, shell is the strip mated with alluvial and level sensor, alluvial and level sensor just facing to the opening of shell, the surface in alluvial and level sensor front is provided with waterproof protective layer (9), is additionally provided with stain-proofing layer (10) outside waterproof protective layer, and stain-proofing layer is politef or the Teflon being difficult to be infected with dirt.
Alluvial the most according to claim 1 and 2 and water-level instrumentation, it is characterised in that: described electrode, utilize empty gas and water, mud, the difference in dielectric constant of alluvial to carry out measured capacitance value.
Alluvial the most according to claim 1 and water-level instrumentation, it is characterized in that: described monitoring main frame (6) comprises single-chip microcomputer (11), wireless communication module (13), lithium battery (12), single-chip microcomputer connects lithium battery, wireless communication module respectively, and single-chip microcomputer is also connected with alluvial and level sensor；Wireless communication module (13) is connected with upper monitoring computer (17) coupling by long-distance communication network (20).
Alluvial the most according to claim 1 and water-level instrumentation, it is characterised in that: described electrode is made up of circuit board, is the front of circuit board at strip, makes multiple electrodes arranged in parallel along its length, can arrange more than 1 row.
7. an alluvial and the application process of water-level instrumentation, it is characterized in that: alluvial claim 1 to 5 limited and water-level instrumentation are arranged in the position needing monitoring, the alluvial of strip and the length direction of level sensor are disposed vertically downward, electrode in alluvial and level sensor switches on power, on the depth direction needing monitoring, measure the capacitance of each electrode；Different according to each electrode capacitance value, and the spacing between each electrode, draw deposition thickness in real time.
8. an alluvial and water-level instrumentation are for the reservoir depth of water and the monitoring method of deposition thickness, the alluvial limited in method described in claim 1-6 and water-level instrumentation is used to realize, it is characterized in that: also comprise the surface float (15) that the static pressure type level sensor (14) being connected with single-chip microcomputer is connected by water-proof cable (16) with single-chip microcomputer in alluvial and water-level instrumentation, in surface float, coupling has the monitoring single-chip microcomputer of main frame, wireless communication module and lithium battery；Alluvial and the shell of level sensor are strip, lower heavy upper gently guarantee that when putting in reservoir vertical subsidence, monitoring main frame are arranged in surface float, and static pressure type level sensor is used for surveying the depth of water；Separately setting water-level gauge detection reservoir level and local atmospheric pressure, monitor storehouse silt absolute altitude through data fusion, alluvial and water-level instrumentation arrange multiple measuring point in same reservoir；
Specifically comprise the following steps that
1. alluvial and level sensor are connected with surface float by water-proof cable, and in surface float, coupling has monitoring main frame, and when water-proof cable length should ensure that maximum water depth, alluvial and water-level instrumentation can also gradually pass through bottom mud and the through reservoir of alluvial；
2. alluvial and the shell of level sensor should have enough weight, and bottom is pointed, lower heavy upper gently guarantee vertical subsidence when putting in reservoir, and it is the most crooked that top lighter when entering mud and alluvial relies on buoyancy to ensure；
3. sink after alluvial and level sensor put into reservoir together with shell, gradually pass through the mud bottom reservoir and alluvial arrives bottom of the reservior, and the thickness of the periodic monitor depth of water, mud and alluvial at that time in this course, and the data every time monitored are sent into the single-chip microcomputer storage of monitoring main frame；
4. the upper monitoring computer of administration section is connected with the wireless communication module coupling of monitoring main frame by long-distance communication network, according to being previously set, the wireless communication module that related data is delivered in surface float by single-chip microcomputer timing is uploaded, and related data comprises: alluvial and water-level instrumentation numbering, the thickness of the depth of water, mud and alluvial recorded, battery electric quantity, Time of Day；
5. the data that administration section will upload, through carrying out data fusion with the related data such as reservoir level meter and local atmospheric pressure, obtain the absolute altitude of the depth of water of this measuring point, mud and alluvial, calculate and draw definite water level/storage-capacity curve, obtain capacity reservoir accurately, and for when desilting provides foundation.
9. an alluvial and water-level instrumentation are for river water level and the monitoring method of deposition thickness, the alluvial limited in method described in claim 1-6 and water-level instrumentation is used to realize, it is characterized in that: plate object (19) should be set in river course, plate object flows setting downstream, being fixed on river bed, alluvial and water-level instrumentation are vertically set on the tailing edge of plate object；
Comprise the following steps:
1. in river course, plate object (19) is firmly fixed on basis, river bed (18) by Parallel to the flow direction, the height of plate object should be higher than that river course peak level, if desired, plate object top installs additional to navigate dodges mark, and the width of plate object should be greater than the length of most common floating thing in river course；
The tailing edge of the downstream direction 2. flowed downstream at plate object, is vertically arranged alluvial and water-level instrumentation；
3. different due to the river bed deposition thickness of same monitoring section, in river course, same monitoring section arranges multiple alluvial and water-level instrumentation, generates the alluvial curve of this monitoring section；
4. the absolute altitude of water level, mud and the alluvial in alluvial and water-level instrumentation periodic monitor river course, and the data storage that will every time monitor；
5. the upper monitoring computer of administration section is connected with the wireless communication module coupling of monitoring main frame by long-distance communication network, according to being previously set, the wireless communication module that related data is delivered in surface float by single-chip microcomputer timing is uploaded, and related data comprises: alluvial and water-level instrumentation numbering, the thickness of the depth of water, mud and alluvial recorded, battery electric quantity, Time of Day；
6. the data message received is processed by administration section's upper monitoring computer further, thus realizes the automatic monitoring of water level, mud and alluvial to river course.
10. alluvial and water-level instrumentation are for agricultural irrigation metering channel water level and a monitoring for deposition thickness, use the alluvial limited in method described in claim 1-6 and water-level instrumentation to realize, it is characterised in that to comprise the following steps:
1. in channel, plate object is firmly fixed to river bed by Parallel to the flow direction, and the height of plate object should be higher than that channel peak level, and the width of plate object should be greater than the length of most common floating thing in channel；Alluvial and water-level instrumentation periodic monitor measure water level and the absolute altitude of alluvial of channel, and the data storage that will every time monitor；
2. according to the requirement of " canal water gauging specification ", utilize flow velocity/area-method, recalibrate the water level under the conditions of this alluvial/discharge relation curve, calibrate the water level/discharge relation curve under the conditions of this various alluvial of metering channel, and be input to the upper monitoring computer of administration section；
3. the upper monitoring computer of administration section is by the monitoring alluvial of long-range public network and the water level of the metering channel of water-level instrumentation timing acquiring and the absolute altitude of alluvial, by the water level/discharge relation curve under the conditions of metering this alluvial of channel, calculate the flow of this metering channel accurately；
4. the upper monitoring computer of administration section is deposited by monitoring and water level/discharge relation curve under the conditions of water-level instrumentation data and this various alluvial of metering channel realizes the accurate measurement of the water yield.
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| CN111426353A (en) * | 2020-04-08 | 2020-07-17 | 中国民用航空飞行学院 | Accurate flow obtaining device and method |
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| WO2022257235A1 (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2022-12-15 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Monitoring apparatus and monitoring method for reservoir landslide underwater surface overflow seepage |
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