CN105803458B - 一种非晶合金的表面处理方法 - Google Patents

一种非晶合金的表面处理方法 Download PDF

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CN105803458B
CN105803458B CN201610251487.XA CN201610251487A CN105803458B CN 105803458 B CN105803458 B CN 105803458B CN 201610251487 A CN201610251487 A CN 201610251487A CN 105803458 B CN105803458 B CN 105803458B
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amorphous metal
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CN105803458A (zh
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吴子豹
王斐
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NANTONG FEITENG NEW MATERIAL TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd.
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种非晶合金的表面处理方法，包括封孔、固化、镀膜，该非晶合金为表面有气孔的非晶合金。本发明所述的非晶合金的表面处理方法简单高效，且能够使得所生产的非晶合金具有精致外观的优点；经过本发明所述方法处理后的非晶合金抗腐蚀能力强，镀膜与非晶合金基体结合紧密，耐磨性好。

Description

一种非晶合金的表面处理方法
技术领域
本发明涉及表面处理技术，尤其是一种非晶合金的表面处理方法。
背景技术
非晶合金具有完全不同于晶体合金的原子排列,这使得非晶合金相比晶体合金具有高的强度、硬度、耐腐蚀性、良好的磁性能、超塑成形和微纳米成形等特点。现有技术中，非晶合金的成型技术多采用压力铸造成型工艺，进行近终成型，该工艺具有生产效率高的优点，易于生产高精度复杂产品部件。但是，由于采用铸造工艺制备得到的非晶合金铸件表面的致密性较差，而非晶合金又具有高强度、高硬度的特点，使得非晶合金铸件产品一旦成型后就很难对其进行切割、表面抛光等处理，所以现有技术中很难得到高表面质量的非晶合金产品，而且对于压铸成型的非晶合金产品，都会存在或多或少的气孔，这些气孔严重影响了非晶合金产品的外观质量。
在非晶合金的应用中，对其表面的要求也越来越多样化，通过一定的处理方法，在非晶表面形成不同性质的膜层，可以在保持非晶合金原有的优良的机械特性及物理性能外，达到表面装饰或进一步改善性能的效果。
中国发明专利申请CN 104195574A公开了一种非晶合金的外观装饰方法，首先激光烧结涂层，然后加工涂层精度，最后阳极染色处理。该方法加工复杂，需要激光烧结一层厚的金属涂层，耗时长，而且激光处理异形件存在精准定位以及聚焦问题。
中国发明专利申请CN 102433421A公开了一种非晶合金表面处理工艺，通过喷丸处理表面使非晶合金表面更加致密并且修饰外观，但这种方法只能获得一种粗糙的表面，不像铝阳极氧化表面细腻，也没有金属光泽像镜子一样反光。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的问题是克服现有技术存在的不足，提供一种用于表面气孔缺陷的非晶合金材料的表面处理工艺，该表面处理工艺具有高效成本可控，且能够使得所生产的非晶合金具有精致外观的优点。
本发明通过干冰清洗高温模具，可以快速将高温模具表面油污清除干净，并且降低模具表面温度到150摄氏度，然后在模具表面喷涂一层粉末涂料，之后将非晶合金材料放置在模具上，进行压铸成型，获得封孔固化的非晶合金。
本发明将非晶合金封孔固化后，通过电弧离子镀氮化钛与溅射铬复合镀工艺来进行镀膜，具体工艺参数如下：
1)抽真空到6*10-3pa，通入氩气200SCCM，电极辉光电压3000V进行等离子清洗5min；
2)进行镀膜轰击，通入氩气100SCCM，偏压300V，电弧镀钛电流70A时间2min；
3)进行纳米复合镀膜，通入氩气50-100SCCM,氮气100-200SCCM，进行溅射电弧共镀，电弧镀钛电流50-80A，溅射镀铬电流20-50A，通过镀膜设备以及膜层设计获得夹层多层复合结构，形成纳米复合耐磨层(3-5um)；
4)进行镀颜色层，颜色根据客户需求，可选择镀出金色、银色、蓝色、红色、紫色等；
5)进行CVD镀透明保护层，通入氩气500SCCM，氟硅烷偶联剂NFT-01 100SCCM，电极辉光电压4000V进行反应沉积，将氟硅烷偶联剂离化，与产品表面的金属镀层形成化学键，不断沉积生长获得透明保护膜(0.1-2um)。
具体方案如下：
一种非晶合金的表面处理方法，包括以下步骤：
封孔：清洗模具表面，将非晶合金放入模具内，之后喷涂耐高温静电粉末涂料，然后压铸非晶合金，冷却出模后得到封孔后的非晶合金；
固化：将封孔后的非晶合金去飞边以及抛光打磨，然后喷涂UV涂料，红外烘烤后进行紫外固化，得到固化后的非晶合金产品；
镀膜：将固化后的非晶合金真空产品镀复合颜色膜，之后镀化学气相透明保护膜即可。
进一步的，所述的封孔步骤中耐高温静电粉末涂料为阿克苏的介质粉；
任选的，所述的封孔步骤中喷涂耐高温静电粉末涂料的厚度为30-100微米。
进一步的，所述的封孔步骤中压铸的温度为100-185℃，时间为30s-8min。
进一步的，所述的固化步骤中UV涂料为纳米UV涂料；任选的，所述的固化步骤中UV涂料含有丙烯酸环氧型树脂、碳化硅、氧化铝以及纳米金属。
进一步的，所述的固化步骤中喷涂UV涂料的厚度为12-18微米。
进一步的，所述的固化步骤中红外烘烤的温度为50-90℃，时间为4-8min。
进一步的，所述的固化步骤中紫外固化的能量要求为500-3000mj/cm2。
进一步的，所述的镀膜步骤中镀复合颜色膜是通过电弧镀氮化钛和溅射镀铬，其中电弧镀氮化钛电流50-80A，溅射镀铬电流20-50A。
进一步的，所述的镀膜步骤中化学气相透明保护膜通过电沉积氟硅烷偶联剂获得。
进一步的，所述的镀膜步骤中复合颜色膜的厚度为3-5微米；任选的，所述的镀膜步骤中化学气相透明保护膜的厚度为0.1-2微米。
有益效果：本发明所述的非晶合金的表面处理方法简单高效，且能够使得所生产的非晶合金具有精致外观的优点；经过本发明所述方法处理后的非晶合金抗腐蚀能力强，镀膜与非晶合金基体结合紧密，耐磨性好。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明技术方案作进一步阐述。实施例中未注明具体技术或条件者，按照本领域内的文献所描述的技术或条件或者按照产品说明书进行。所用试剂或仪器未注明生产厂商者，均为可以通过市购获得的常规产品。
实施例1非晶合金表面处理
将模具用干冰清洗后，放入非晶合金，之后喷涂静电粉末涂料(阿克苏介质粉)，将高温模具表面均匀覆盖一层介质粉末，然后通过高温压铸(温度180摄氏度，时间2min)，使厚度约50微米的粉末涂层转换到非晶合金材料表面，从而消除因为流动性不足而产生的孔洞，然后通过局部抛光打磨去掉飞边毛刺。
对已封孔并局部打磨的非晶合金材料喷涂纳米UV涂料(涂料来自上海斐腾新材料科技，型号UVA021)，使表面具有高光镜面外观或阳极氧化哑光外观，红外烘烤70摄氏度6分钟后UV500-3000mj/cm2固化，将固化后的非晶合金通过电弧离子镀氮化钛与溅射铬复合镀工艺，获得复合颜色膜，最后镀保护膜，具体工艺参数如下：
1)抽真空到6*10-3pa，通入氩气200SCCM，电极辉光电压3000V进行等离子清洗5min；
2)进行镀膜轰击，通入氩气100SCCM，偏压300V，电弧镀钛电流70A时间2min；
3)进行纳米复合镀膜，通入氩气50-100SCCM,氮气100-200SCCM，进行溅射电弧共镀，电弧镀钛电流50-80A，溅射镀铬电流20-50A，通过镀膜设备以及膜层设计获得夹层多层复合结构，形成纳米复合耐磨层，厚度约为4um；
4)进行镀颜色层，镀出金色；
5)进行CVD镀透明保护层，通入氩气500SCCM，氟硅烷偶联剂NFT-01 100SCCM，电极辉光电压4000V进行反应沉积，将氟硅烷偶联剂离化，与产品表面的金属镀层形成化学键，不断沉积生产获得透明保护膜，厚度约为1um。
实施例2非晶合金表面处理后性能检测
对实施例1中得到的处理后的非晶合金进行性能测试，如下：
1)铜离子加速盐雾测试，按照ASTM-B368-97标准进行，测定样品耐盐雾时间为16H。
2)酸性盐雾测试，按照ASTM-B368-7标准进行，测定样品耐酸性盐雾时间为96H。
3)冷热循环测试，按照A112.18.1-2005标准进行，结果表明，在20个连续温度循环后(-40℃-25℃-75℃-25℃)，样品无任何形貌变化。
4)耐擦拭测试，按照ASTM-2486-06标准进行，测试结果为1500次，膜层没有透底，表明膜层耐磨性良好。
5)结合力测试，按照ASTM-D3359-09标准进行，测试结果为5B等级。
6)耐化测试，按照ASTM-D1308-02标准进行，测试结果为，经过6mol/L化学药水浸泡19小时后，样品表面没有任何形貌变化。
从以上测试结果可以看出，本发明所述的非晶合金的表面处理方法简单高效，且能够使得所生产的非晶合金具有精致外观的优点；经过本发明所述方法处理后的非晶合金抗腐蚀能力强，镀膜与非晶合金基体结合紧密，耐磨性好。
尽管上面已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，可以理解的是，上述实施例是示例性的，不能理解为对本发明的限制，本领域的普通技术人员在不脱离本发明的原理和宗旨的情况下在本发明的范围内可以对上述实施例进行变化、修改、替换和变型。

Claims (11)

1.一种非晶合金的表面处理方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
封孔：清洗模具表面，将非晶合金放入模具内，之后喷涂耐高温静电粉末涂料，所述的耐高温静电粉末涂料为阿克苏的介质粉，然后压铸非晶合金，冷却出模后得到封孔后的非晶合金；
固化：将封孔后的非晶合金去飞边以及抛光打磨，然后喷涂UV涂料，红外烘烤后进行紫外固化，得到固化后的非晶合金产品；
镀膜：将固化后的非晶合金产品真空镀氮化钛和铬的复合颜色膜，之后镀化学气相透明保护膜即可，所述的化学气相透明保护膜通过电沉积氟硅烷偶联剂获得。
2.根据权利要求1所述的非晶合金的表面处理方法，其特征在于：所述的封孔步骤中喷涂耐高温静电粉末涂料的厚度为30-100微米。
3.根据权利要求1所述的非晶合金的表面处理方法，其特征在于：所述的封孔步骤中压铸的温度为100-185℃，时间为30s-8min。
4.根据权利要求1所述的非晶合金的表面处理方法，其特征在于：所述的固化步骤中UV涂料为纳米UV涂料。
5.根据权利要求1所述的非晶合金的表面处理方法，其特征在于：所述的固化步骤中UV涂料含有丙烯酸环氧型树脂、碳化硅、氧化铝以及纳米金属。
6.根据权利要求1所述的非晶合金的表面处理方法，其特征在于：所述的固化步骤中喷涂UV涂料的厚度为12-18微米。
7.根据权利要求1所述的非晶合金的表面处理方法，其特征在于：所述的固化步骤中红外烘烤的温度为50-90℃，时间为4-8min。
8.根据权利要求1所述的非晶合金的表面处理方法，其特征在于：所述的固化步骤中紫外固化的能量要求为500-3000mj/cm2。
9.根据权利要求1所述的非晶合金的表面处理方法，其特征在于：所述的镀膜步骤中镀复合颜色膜是通过电弧镀氮化钛和溅射镀铬，其中电弧镀氮化钛电流50-80A，溅射镀铬电流20-50A。
10.根据权利要求1所述的非晶合金的表面处理方法，其特征在于：所述的镀膜步骤中复合颜色膜的厚度为3-5微米。
11.根据权利要求1所述的非晶合金的表面处理方法，其特征在于：所述的镀膜步骤中化学气相透明保护膜的厚度为0.1-2微米。
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