CN105797841A - Beneficiation process for increasing recovery rate of gold of refractory gold ores - Google Patents
Beneficiation process for increasing recovery rate of gold of refractory gold ores Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a beneficiation process for increasing the recovery rate of gold of refractory gold ores. According to the process, a reselection-floatation-reselection combined procedure is adopted to increase the recovery rate of the gold, and in other words, ores are ground till the particle size is -0.074 mm(60-80)%; a hydraulic power classifier is firstly utilized for classification, coarse gold concentrate is obtained from classified setting sand through a reselection method, and reselected tailings return to a ball mill to be ground gain; and classified overflow adopts a total-sulfur flotation method to recycle the gold, mustard gold concentrate is obtained, flotation tailings are reselected through a Nilson centrifugal ore separator, and obtained reselected concentrate returns to the ball mill to be ground gain. Early recovery and much recovery of the gold can be achieved through the process, gold which cannot be recycled because the particle size is too large or too small in total-sulfur flotation is effectively recycled, the purpose of selective ore grinding is achieved through reselection-ball mill closed cycle, the dissociation degree of the ores can be improved easily, the grade of the gold concentrate is remarkably improved, the metal recovery rate is remarkably increased, and good economic benefits can be brought to enterprises.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the ore-dressing technique of a kind of response rate improving difficult-treating gold mine gold, belong to technical field of beneficiation.
Background technology
Along with a large amount of exploitation of lode gold ore resource, easily selecting disposable gold mine fewer and feweri, the refractory gold ore that disseminated grain size is thin, grade is low is then increasing.Riftzone alteration rock type Gold deposit is the gold deposit of a kind of important kind in recent years finding and determining, belongs to difficult-treating gold mine.Such mineral deposit forms for the hydrothermal metasomatism crushed zone rock containing gold, wall rock alteration turns to feature with silication and beresitization, and ore body is mainly composed to be existed in beresitization rock, and gangue mineral is based on quartz, sericite, chlorite, metalliferous mineral is based on pyrite, and Ore is many in thready pulse disseminated.Gold and sulfide symbiosis, ore body is larger.Ore body often occurs with alteration rock band forms, sometimes mineralization intensity has, with rock alteration power, hydrothermal activity phase time, the trend strengthening or weakening, Zoning regularity performance is also more apparent, it is generally that the generous veiny body of rule extends very big, the intensity You Cong center of mineralization is spread to both sides, what have is then enriched in upper lower burrs country rock both sides, and wall rock alteration is the most general with silication, kaolinization, sericitization, carbonation, pyritization.
The feature of riftzone alteration rock type Gold deposit is that Gold grade is high, and disseminated grain size is extremely uneven, and coarse grain can reach 2-4mm, and particulate is then thin to 2 μm, and metalliferous mineral is mainly pyrite, magnetic iron ore, mispickel, Chalkopyrite, galena, sphalerite etc..What such Ore of process was mainly applied at present is full sulfur floatation and amalgamating process.The advantage adopting full sulfur floatation gold recovering is that flowage structure is simple, easily operation, shortcoming is also obvious: one is the granularity mineral more than 100 μm or less than 10 μm in flotation, because its adhesive force is less, more difficult by sticking foam emersion, thus the loss of coarse gold and the part microfine trapping gold partly dissociated can be caused；Two is when gold disseminated grain size is thinner, and flotation after fine grinding, in ore pulp, argillization phenomenon is serious, causes middling cycle amount big, and concentrate grade is on the low side.And the advantage that amalgamating reclaims this eka-gold is that production cost is low, facility is simple, but a disadvantage is that the response rate of gold is low, and often due to hydrargyrum poison and the hydrargyrum pollution to environment, current amalgamating prohibits the use of.
It is therefore desirable to develop a kind of new technique, reducing the loss of gold in mine tailing, improving grade and the metal recovery rate of gold, thus improving Business Economic Benefit.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of ore-dressing technique improving difficult-treating gold mine metal recovery rate, this technique can improve the grade of Gold Concentrate under Normal Pressure and the response rate of gold, reduces mine tailing metal content, increases economic efficiency.
For reaching the purpose of foregoing invention, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
The ore-dressing technique of a kind of response rate improving difficult-treating gold mine gold, this technique comprises the steps:
Difficult-treating gold mine raw ore being milled to granularity for-0.074mm (60-80) %, carry out classification first with hydraulic classifier, classification sand setting obtains coarse gold concentrate through gravity treatment, and gravity tailings returns ball mill and regrinds；
Hydraulic classiciation overflow adopts full sulfur flotation gold recovering, obtains mustard gold concentrate and flotation tailing；
Flotation tailing carries out gravity treatment again, and gravity concentrate returns ball mill and regrinds, and gravity tailings is true tailings.
Ore-dressing technique as above, it is preferable that described difficult-treating gold mine raw ore belongs to riftzone alteration rock type Gold deposit, the disseminated grain size of gold is distributed in 2 μm～4mm, and gold is main to be existed with rusty gold and sulfide trapping gold form.
Ore-dressing technique as above, it is preferable that the equipment that described gravity treatment adopts is shaking table or Knelson Concentrator.
Ore-dressing technique as above, preferably, described classification sand setting gravity treatment operation specifically comprise the following steps that classification sand setting enter shaking table 1 gravity treatment, shaking table 1 gravity tailings enters Knelson Concentrator 1 gravity treatment again, shaking table 1 gravity treatment rough concentrate is again introduced into shaking table 2 gravity treatment with Knelson Concentrator 1 gravity treatment rough concentrate after mixing, obtain coarse granule Gold Concentrate under Normal Pressure.
Ore-dressing technique as above, it is preferable that the selected concentration of described shaking table 1, shaking table 2 gravity treatment and Knelson Concentrator 1 is (5-20) wt%.
Ore-dressing technique as above, it is preferable that described full sulfur flotation circuit specifically comprise the following steps that flotation before flotation pulp concentration is adjusted to (25-30) wt%；Adjustment pH value is 8-9；Collecting agent is ammonium dibutyl dithiophosphate and sodium xanthogenate, and both proportionings are weight ratio 1: 1～1: 5, and collector dosage is 20-40g/t；Foaming agent is terpenic oil；Frother dosages is 10-20g/t；Flotation time is 5-8min.
Ore-dressing technique as above, it is preferable that it is Knelson Concentrator 2 that described flotation tailing carries out the equipment of gravity treatment, the selected concentration of gravity treatment is (5-15) wt%.
Ore-dressing technique as above, it is preferable that this technique comprises the steps:
(1) it is-0.074mm (60-80) % by difficult-treating gold mine raw ore grinding of ball grinder to granularity；
(2) hydraulic classifier is utilized to carry out classification, it is thus achieved that classification sand setting and Grading Overflow；
(3) classification sand setting entrance shaking table 1 carries out gravity treatment, and the selected concentration of shaking table 1 is (5-20) wt%, it is thus achieved that shaking table 1 gravity treatment rough concentrate and shaking table 1 gravity tailings；
(4) shaking table 1 gravity tailings enters Knelson Concentrator 1 gravity treatment again, the selected concentration of Knelson Concentrator 1 is (10-15) wt%, it is thus achieved that Knelson Concentrator 1 gravity treatment rough concentrate and Knelson Concentrator 1 gravity tailings；The ball mill that Knelson Concentrator 1 gravity tailings returns described in step (1) is regrinded；
(5) shaking table 1 gravity treatment rough concentrate enters shaking table 2 gravity treatment after mixing with Knelson Concentrator 1 gravity treatment rough concentrate, and the selected concentration of shaking table 2 is (5-20) wt%, obtains coarse granule Gold Concentrate under Normal Pressure and shaking table 2 mine tailing；Shaking table 2 mine tailing returns shaking table 1 gravity treatment operation；
(6) hydraulic classiciation overflow adopts full sulfur flotation gold recovering, and flotation pulp concentration is adjusted to before flotation (25-30) wt%；Adjustment pH value is 8-9；Collecting agent is ammonium dibutyl dithiophosphate and sodium xanthogenate, and both proportionings are weight ratio 1: 1～1: 5, and collector dosage is 20-40g/t；Foaming agent is terpenic oil；Frother dosages is 10-20g/t；Flotation time is 5-8min；Obtain mustard gold concentrate and flotation tailing；
(7) flotation tailing Knelson Concentrator 2 carries out gravity treatment, and the selected concentration of gravity treatment is (5-15) wt%, and gravity concentrate returns ball mill and regrinds, and gravity tailings is true tailings.
The beneficial effects of the present invention is: utilize this technique to be capable of " early the receiving receive " of gold more, the recovery size of gold ranges for 2 μm～4mm, can because granularity is excessive or too small and irretrievable gold in efficient recovery full sulfur flotation, and by the closed cycle of gravity treatment-ball milling, it is favorably improved the degree of dissociation of mineral, significantly improve grade and the metal recovery rate of Gold Concentrate under Normal Pressure, good economic benefit can be brought for enterprise.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the process chart of a kind of preferred implementation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the full sulfur floatation process chart of tradition.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with preferred embodiment example, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
One, raw ore
In Xishuangbanna of Yunnan Menghai County rupture into biliary duct stone, Ore is containing gold 2.72g/t, sulfur-bearing 1.53%.Major metal mineral are pyrite, magnetic iron ore, are secondly mispickel, galena, stibnite；Gangue mineral is mainly quartz, chlorite, Muscovitum and calcite.Ore structures is based on granular texture, cataclastic texture, metasomatic texture, secondary to granoblastic texture, xenomorphic-granular texture, metasomatic relict texture etc.；Structure of ores is based on brecciated structure, impregnation structure, secondary to net vein structure, massive structure, the interspersed structure of veiny etc..The apportionment ratio of the gold element in Ore is: the gold in rusty gold accounts for 28.76%, belongs to the form of native element；Gold in pyrite and magnetic iron ore accounts for 58.04%；Gold in mispickel accounts for 5.45%；Gold in Chalkopyrite accounts for 3.19%, and the gold in other mineral accounts for 4.56%.Harmful element in Ore is mainly As, As and mainly exists in mispickel with the form tax of Independent Mineral, and close relation is inlayed in the adhesion of mispickel and other sulfide.The embedding cloth of Gold in Ores is many to be composed in brilliant gap and the microfissure being stored in the mineral such as pyrite in irregular granular and faint pulse shape, and part is distributed in galena microfissure in faint pulse shape.The distribution granularity of gold is relatively wide, all has distribution at 2 μm～150 μm, and fine gold disseminated grain size is 2～15 μm.
Two, ore-dressing technique ore dressing of the present invention is utilized
Fig. 1 is shown in technological process, and concrete operation is as follows:
(1) raw ore is milled to-0.074mm75%.
(2) hydraulic classifier is adopted to carry out classification, it is thus achieved that classification sand setting and Grading Overflow.
(3) the sand setting entrance shaking table 1 of grader carries out gravity treatment, and shaking table 1 gravity treatment concentration is 10%, it is thus achieved that shaking table 1 gravity treatment rough concentrate and shaking table 1 gravity tailings.
(4) shaking table 1 gravity tailings entrance Knelson concentrator 1 carries out gravity treatment again, and the selected concentration of Knelson Concentrator 1 gravity concentrate is 15wt%, it is thus achieved that Knelson Concentrator 1 gravity treatment rough concentrate and Knelson Concentrator 1 gravity tailings.The ball mill that Knelson Concentrator 1 gravity tailings returns described in step (1) is regrinded.
(5) after shaking table 1 gravity treatment rough concentrate mixes with Knelson Concentrator 1 gravity treatment rough concentrate, entrance shaking table 2 carries out gravity treatment, and the selected concentration of shaking table 2 is 10wt%, obtains coarse gold concentrate and shaking table 2 mine tailing；Shaking table 2 mine tailing returns shaking table 1 gravity treatment operation.
(6) overflow of grader enters full sulfur flotation, and full sulfur flotation is that one roughing once purging selection twice is selected, and chats order returns.Before full sulfur flotation, pulp density is adjusted to 30%, with sodium carbonate, pH is adjusted to 8, adopt ammonium dibutyl dithiophosphate, sodium xanthogenate (proportioning is weight ratio 1: 1) as collecting agent, roughly selecting collector dosage is 30g/t, scanning collector dosage is 15g/t, foaming agent is terpenic oil, and roughly selecting frother dosages is 10g/t, and scanning frother dosages is 5g/t.Roughly select, the time of scanning is 5 minutes.
(7) full sulfur flotation tailing adopts Knelson Concentrator 2 to carry out gravity treatment, and the selected concentration of gravity treatment is 12wt%, and gravity treatment 2 concentrate returns ball mill and regrinds, and Knelson Concentrator 2 gravity tailings is true tailings.Result of the test is in Table 1.
Three, the full sulfur floatation ore dressing of tradition is adopted
Fig. 2 is shown in technological process, concrete operation is as follows: raw ore is milled to-0.074mm80%, it is directly entered flotation device after ore grinding and carries out full sulfur flotation, adopt one roughing, scan for twice, selected twice flotation flowsheet, by sodium carbonate as roughly selecting regulator, pH is adjusted to 8, adopts ammonium dibutyl dithiophosphate, sodium xanthogenate (proportioning is weight ratio 1: 1) as collecting agent, and the time of roughly selecting is 8 minutes, twice time of scanning is 10 minutes, roughly selecting, scan collector dosage and be 60g/t, foaming agent is terpenic oil, roughly selects, scans frother dosages and be 20g/t.Result of the test is in Table 1.
Table 1 different process Comparative result
Four, result and discussion
As known from Table 1, present invention process is compared with the full sulfur floatation process of tradition, the response rate of gold is increased to 91.54% by 84.5%, the grade of Gold Concentrate under Normal Pressure is increased to 63.99g/t by 39.7g/t, the grade of mine tailing gold is reduced to 0.24g/t by 0.45g/t, not only significantly improve the response rate of gold, also improve the grade of Gold Concentrate under Normal Pressure；It addition, compared with traditional handicraft, the degree of dissociation of gold also improves.
Embodiment 2
One, raw ore
Cangwu County, Guangxi province rupture into biliary duct stone, Ore is containing gold 3.35g/t, sulfur-bearing 2.17%.Major metal mineral have rusty gold, pyrite, magnetic iron ore, mispickel, are secondly Chalkopyrite, galena, sphalerite, jamesonite, content 5%-10%；Gangue mineral is quartz, calcite, chlorite and tuffaceous sandstone.Ore structures has that idiomorphism, subhedral, its type be granular, cataclastic shape, crushing shape and skeletal texture.Structure of ores is mainly thready pulse impregnation structure, massive structure, brecciated structure, accidental miarolitic structure.Gold leaching rate has two kinds, a kind of exist with rusty gold form, particle diameter is generally 0.06-1.0mm, indivedual more than 2mm, mostly be irregular, short cylinder, granular, plum blossom-shaped, lamellar etc. are filled in cataclastic shape quartz or crush in dust shape alterated rocks, another kind of are filled in pyrite sulfides, quartz crystal lattice with isomorph form.Wall rock alteration is more weak, it is mainly silication, pyritization, choritization, sulfation, a small amount of sericitization, illitization, kaolinization, close with silication, irregular pyritization and Relationship With Gold Ore, both are proportionate, and alteration is distributed mainly in ore deposit (change) body and near both sides.
Two, ore-dressing technique ore dressing of the present invention is utilized
Fig. 1 is shown in technological process, and concrete operation is as follows:
(1) raw ore is milled to-0.074mm65%.
(2) hydraulic classifier is adopted to carry out classification, it is thus achieved that classification sand setting and Grading Overflow.
(3) the sand setting entrance shaking table 1 of grader carries out gravity treatment, and shaking table 1 gravity treatment concentration is 10%, it is thus achieved that shaking table 1 gravity treatment rough concentrate and shaking table 1 gravity tailings.
(4) shaking table 1 mine tailing entrance Knelson concentrator 1 carries out gravity treatment again, and the selected concentration of Knelson Concentrator 1 gravity concentrate is 18wt%, it is thus achieved that Knelson Concentrator 1 gravity treatment rough concentrate and Knelson Concentrator 1 gravity tailings.The ball mill that Knelson Concentrator 1 gravity tailings returns described in step (1) is regrinded.
(5) shaking table 1 gravity treatment rough concentrate enters shaking table 2 gravity treatment after mixing with Knelson Concentrator 1 gravity treatment rough concentrate, and the selected concentration of shaking table 2 is 13wt%, obtains coarse gold concentrate and shaking table 2 mine tailing；Shaking table 2 mine tailing returns shaking table 1 gravity treatment operation.
(6) overflow of grader enters full sulfur flotation, and full sulfur flotation is that one roughing once purging selection twice is selected, and chats order returns.Before full sulfur flotation, pulp density is adjusted to 30%, with sodium carbonate, pH is adjusted to 8, adopt ammonium dibutyl dithiophosphate, sodium xanthogenate (proportioning is weight ratio 1: 3) as collecting agent, roughly selecting collector dosage is 40g/t, scanning collector dosage is 20g/t, foaming agent is terpenic oil, and roughly selecting frother dosages is 15g/t, and scanning frother dosages is 5g/t.Roughly select, the time of scanning is 6 minutes.
(7) full sulfur flotation tailing adopts Knelson Concentrator 2 to carry out gravity treatment, and the selected concentration of gravity treatment is 15wt%, and gravity treatment 2 concentrate returns ball mill and regrinds, and Knelson Concentrator 2 gravity tailings is true tailings.Result of the test is in Table 2.
Three, the full sulfur floatation ore dressing of tradition is adopted
Fig. 2 is shown in technological process, concrete operation is as follows: raw ore is milled to-0.074mm70%, it is directly entered flotation device after ore grinding and carries out full sulfur flotation, adopt one roughing, scan for twice, selected twice flotation flowsheet, chats order returns, by sodium carbonate as roughly selecting regulator, pH is adjusted to 8, adopt ammonium dibutyl dithiophosphate, sodium xanthogenate (proportioning is weight ratio 1: 3) is as collecting agent, the time of roughly selecting is 8 minutes, twice time of scanning is 12 minutes, roughly select collector dosage and be 60g/t, scanning collector dosage is 80g/t, foaming agent is terpenic oil, roughly select frother dosages and be 30g/t, scan frother dosages and be 40g/t.Result of the test is in Table 2.
Table 2 different process Comparative result
Four, result and discussion
As known from Table 2, present invention process is compared with the full sulfur floatation process of tradition, the response rate of gold is increased to 90.43% by 82.12%, the grade of Gold Concentrate under Normal Pressure is increased to 81.4g/t by 56.4g/t, the grade of mine tailing gold is reduced to 0.33g/t by 0.63g/t, also improves the grade of Gold Concentrate under Normal Pressure while improving the response rate of gold；It addition, compared with traditional handicraft, the degree of dissociation of gold is also improved.
From the technical specification contrast that embodiment 1 and 2 obtains, present invention process can significantly improve the response rate and the Gold Concentrate under Normal Pressure grade of gold, therefore, compares with traditional handicraft, and present invention process has bigger superiority.
Claims (8)
1. the ore-dressing technique of the response rate improving difficult-treating gold mine gold, it is characterised in that this technique comprises the steps:
Difficult-treating gold mine raw ore being milled to granularity for-0.074mm (60-80) %, carry out classification first with hydraulic classifier, classification sand setting obtains coarse gold concentrate through gravity treatment, and gravity tailings returns ball mill and regrinds；
Hydraulic classiciation overflow adopts full sulfur flotation gold recovering, obtains mustard gold concentrate and flotation tailing；
Flotation tailing carries out gravity treatment again, and gravity concentrate returns ball mill and regrinds, and gravity tailings is true tailings.
2. ore-dressing technique according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described difficult-treating gold mine raw ore belongs to riftzone alteration rock type Gold deposit, the disseminated grain size of gold is distributed in 2 μm～4mm, and gold is main to be existed with rusty gold and sulfide trapping gold form.
3. ore-dressing technique according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that the equipment that described gravity treatment adopts is shaking table or Knelson Concentrator.
4. ore-dressing technique according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described classification sand setting gravity treatment operation specifically comprise the following steps that classification sand setting enter shaking table 1 gravity treatment, shaking table 1 gravity tailings enters Knelson Concentrator 1 gravity treatment again, shaking table 1 gravity treatment rough concentrate is again introduced into shaking table 2 gravity treatment with Knelson Concentrator 1 gravity treatment rough concentrate after mixing, obtain coarse granule Gold Concentrate under Normal Pressure.
5. ore-dressing technique according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the selected concentration of described shaking table 1, shaking table 2 gravity treatment and Knelson Concentrator 1 is (5-20) wt%.
6. ore-dressing technique according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described full sulfur flotation circuit specifically comprise the following steps that flotation before flotation pulp concentration is adjusted to (25-30) wt%；Adjustment pH value is 8-9；Collecting agent is ammonium dibutyl dithiophosphate and sodium xanthogenate, and both proportionings are weight ratio 1: 1～1: 5, and collector dosage is 20-40g/t；Foaming agent is terpenic oil；Frother dosages is 10-20g/t；Flotation time is 5-8min.
7. ore-dressing technique according to claim 3, it is characterised in that it is Knelson Concentrator 2 that described flotation tailing carries out the equipment of gravity treatment, the selected concentration of gravity treatment is (5-15) wt%.
8. ore-dressing technique according to claim 3, it is characterised in that this technique comprises the steps:
(1) it is-0.074mm (60-80) % by difficult-treating gold mine raw ore grinding of ball grinder to granularity；
(2) hydraulic classifier is utilized to carry out classification, it is thus achieved that classification sand setting and Grading Overflow；
(3) classification sand setting entrance shaking table 1 carries out gravity treatment, and the selected concentration of shaking table 1 is (5-20) wt%, it is thus achieved that shaking table 1 gravity treatment rough concentrate and shaking table 1 gravity tailings；
(4) shaking table 1 gravity tailings enters Knelson Concentrator 1 gravity treatment again, and the selected concentration of Knelson Concentrator 1 is (5-20) wt%, it is thus achieved that Knelson Concentrator 1 gravity treatment rough concentrate and Knelson Concentrator 1 gravity tailings；The ball mill that Knelson Concentrator 1 gravity tailings returns described in step (1) is regrinded；
(5) shaking table 1 gravity treatment rough concentrate enters shaking table 2 gravity treatment after mixing with Knelson Concentrator 1 gravity treatment rough concentrate, and the selected concentration of shaking table 2 is (5-20) wt%, obtains coarse granule Gold Concentrate under Normal Pressure and shaking table 2 mine tailing；Shaking table 2 mine tailing returns shaking table 1 gravity treatment operation；
(6) hydraulic classiciation overflow adopts full sulfur flotation gold recovering, and flotation pulp concentration is adjusted to before flotation (25-30) wt%；Adjustment pH value is 8-9；Collecting agent is ammonium dibutyl dithiophosphate and sodium xanthogenate, and both proportionings are weight ratio 1: 1～1: 5, and collector dosage is 20-40g/t；Foaming agent is terpenic oil；Frother dosages is 10-20g/t；Flotation time is 5-8min；Obtain mustard gold concentrate and flotation tailing；
(7) flotation tailing Knelson Concentrator 2 carries out gravity treatment, and the selected concentration of gravity treatment is (5-15) wt%, and gravity concentrate returns ball mill and regrinds, and gravity tailings is true tailings.
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