CN105790843B - A kind of optical fibre communication method suitable for Profibus - Google Patents
A kind of optical fibre communication method suitable for Profibus Download PDFInfo
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- CN105790843B CN105790843B CN201410821989.2A CN201410821989A CN105790843B CN 105790843 B CN105790843 B CN 105790843B CN 201410821989 A CN201410821989 A CN 201410821989A CN 105790843 B CN105790843 B CN 105790843B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to field of communication technology, specifically a kind of optical fibre communication method suitable for Profibus.The present invention comprises the following steps during Profibus data frames are transmitted by light path：Electrical signal data frame is received in the LP ports of network node；In the destination address and source address of the local detection data frame；LP port address tables are updated according to source address, sending strategy is selected according to destination address and the address table of two optical ports：If destination address is present in a certain optical port address table, the data frame is sent from the optical port；If destination address is not present in any optical port address table, the data frame is sent at the same time from two optical ports.The present invention directly can communicate the existing Profibus bus extensions using electrical signal communication for fiber medium.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of communication technology, specifically a kind of optical fibre communication method suitable for Profibus.
Background technology
At the scene in bus communication medium, common transmission medium has twisted-pair feeder, electric system, coaxial cable etc..Tradition
Electronic communication media wiring it is more complicated, antijamming capability is relatively poor, and the support for topological structure is relatively simple.Relative to
Traditional electric signal transmission, fiber optic communication have big transmission rate height, channel capacity, long transmission distance, low, the anti-interference energy of loss
The advantages that power is strong.In recent years, application of the optical communication technique in the high-speed field bus communications field becomes a research hotspot.And
And applied in many occasions.As the development trend of fieldbus networks is, it is necessary to which communication system can be supported to include
Multiple network topological structure including bus-type, galaxy, annular, mixed type.
The content of the invention
For above-mentioned shortcoming existing in the prior art, the present invention proposes that a kind of optical fiber suitable for Profibus leads to
The design method of letter system, using a piece of FPGA, realizes the physical layer of communication, data link layer and network layer inside FPGA
Function.In the physical layer of OSI/RM (open system interconnection reference model), the function of data link layer and network layer.And emphatically
Frame forwarding capability is realized in data link layer and network layer.
The used to achieve the above object technical solution of the present invention is：A kind of fiber optic communication side suitable for Profibus
Method, during Profibus data frames are transmitted by light path, comprises the following steps：
Electrical signal data frame is received in the LP ports of network node；
In the destination address and source address of the local detection data frame；
LP port address tables are updated according to source address, plan is sent according to the address table selection of destination address and two optical ports
Slightly：If destination address is present in a certain optical port address table, the data frame is sent from the optical port；If destination address is not deposited
In any optical port address table, then the data frame is sent at the same time from two optical ports；
During being forwarded to or being converted to Profibus data frames by optical signal data frame, comprise the following steps：
Optical signal data frame is received in the OP optical ports of network node；
In the destination address and source address of the local detection data frame；
OP optical port address tables are updated according to source address, according to destination address, the address table of another optical port and LP ports
Address table selects sending strategy：If destination address is present in the address table or LP port address tables of another optical port,
The data frame is sent from the optical port or LP ports；If destination address is not present in any address table, from the optical port and LP
Port sends the data frame at the same time.
The optical signal data frame includes：Synchronizing cycle, frame start byte, data or control bit, destination address, source
Location, frame length, data field, frame end byte.
It is described that LP ports/OP optical port address tables, including procedure below are updated according to source address：
During initialization, each address table is all sky；
After being unpacked by the received data of optical fiber, its source address is detected, if from the received data frame of the first optical port,
And source address does not occur in local address tables and the accessibility address table of the second optical port, then source address is added to the first optical port
In accessibility address table, represent that the first optical port can reach the source address；If source address in the second optical port accessibilityly
Occur in the table of location, then illustrate to have possessed this source address of arrival and shorter path, be not required to add again, this frame is abandoned；If
It is from the received data frame of the second optical port, and source address does not go out in local address tables and the accessibility address table of the first optical port
It is existing, source address is added to the accessibility address table of the second optical port.
Further include：If the source address by the received data frame of optical fiber is the machine address, illustrates occur ring in link, be
Avoid data from not stopping to forward on the line, directly abandon this frame.
If the first optical port is in an idle state, the synchrodata K28.5 that adjacent node is sent can not be normally received, then
Link state frame is issued by the second optical port, i.e. data or control bit are 1 control frame；The data field of frame is that the first optical port can arrive
The content of the address table reached；When second optical port breaks down, this control frame is sent by the first optical port.
The optical port for receiving control frame deletes all addresses occurred in this control frame in this optical port corresponding table, represents
This optical port can not reach the address in data frame；At the same time this control frame is continued to send by another optical port；If control frame
In all addresses do not occur in table, then stop forwarding this control frame.
The present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effect：
Directly 1. the existing Profibus bus extensions using electrical signal communication can be communicated for fiber medium.
2. supporting various topological structures, and there is certain adaptation function.Support to bicyclic net topology provides logical
The reliability of letter system.
3. a pair content frame parses, the flexibility with higher when multiport forwarding is carried out, can effectively subtract
Few network traffics.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the data transfer triangle of the single communication module of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is that the frame format of frame pass-through mode defines；
Fig. 3 is the redundant looped network topological diagram that present invention experiment uses；
Fig. 4 is that the present invention tests the topological diagram of the redundant looped network used upon a fault；
Fig. 5 is that the present invention tests the redundant looped network used in the topological diagram after fault self-recovery；
Fig. 6 is the structure chart of communication module of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
The present invention realizes the operation in physical layer, data link layer and network layer using frame pass-through mode.For in realization
Purpose is stated, the present invention uses following technical scheme：
The base unit for forming various heterogeneous networks topologys is network node, and in the design, the function of each node can
To be reduced to data transfer triangle as shown in Figure 1.LP represents local communications port, and it is single to be available to other local processing
The interface of member.OP represents optical port, and each node has two optical ports, and data can be sent by optical port and be transmitted on optical fiber, sent out
Send to connected node.If the mode relayed using light, data transfer are only existed between OP1 and OP2.If as
Sender or recipient in the communications, then need same LP ports to communicate.
Each data sending, reception and base unit of processing is all frame.The frame format definition such as Fig. 2 of frame pass-through mode
It is shown.
8b/10b codings are a kind of by the way that 8bit data encodings are transmitted for 10bit data on universal serial bus, make data
1 and 0 quantity in stream are equal, to obtain the DC balance of circuit.In the high-speed serial communication circuit of non-straight mobile equilibrium, when
, will be because of the original of voltage position rank if signal then changes there are when multiple continuous 1 level of logical zero or logic
Because causing transmission signal to occur mistake, the maximum effect of DC balance be exactly avoid occurring in serial data stream longer 0 or
1, so as to solve the problems, such as this.
In order to obtain the stability of higher, 8b/10b coding modes are employed in the design of frame pass-through mode.SYN
10B encoded Ks 28.5 (b'0011111010 or b'1100000101) in being encoded using 8b/10b are come synchronous.Only when receiving 3
After a continuous SYN, just think that circuit enters reliable reception pattern.The 10B encoded Ks 27.7 in 8b/10b codings are respectively adopted
SOF and EOF are represented with K29.7.This is in order to being capable of the easily beginning of Identification Data frame and end position in receiving terminal.D/
C represents that the type of frame is data frame or control frame, and control frame main function is to be unable to properly receive the letter of adjacent node transmission
Number when, send the link state of itself toward adjacent node.DA and SA represents the destination address and source address of frame respectively.Carry out
Frame uses when forwarding.LE represents the length of data area.DATA is the region for storing data.
The node module of the system is realized using FPGA.The structure of frame pass-through mode is as shown in Figure 6.Close to top in figure
Rx FIFO and Tx FIFO are that this communication system is the operate interface that upper layer application provides.The data of write-in Tx FIFO will pass through
Optical fiber is sent to the communication node of other fieldbus.The data received from optical fiber interface are eventually written into Rx FIFO, wait
Native processor is read.FIFO in system uses asynchronous FIFO, and the difference of asynchronous FIFO and common FIFO maximums is different
It is different to walk the read-write clock of FIFO, that is, independent clock is respectively adopted and is read or write.Asynchronous FIFO is used in the mould of multi-clock more
Among inter-block communication, transmission of the data between different clock-domains is realized.After asynchronous FIFO being used in the interface of optic communication,
Data that are to be sent or receiving can be cached, at the same cause clock and the optical interface part of core control portions when
Clock is independent.
Internal control logic is all handled by data unit of frame, so all FIFO write-ins or reading
It is in units of frame.Conveyer parts at local communication interface are responsible for the mode of data organization framing to be sent,
And the selection in path is transmitted according to the address table of two optical ports, data are passed to the first optical port or the second optical port
Arbitrator parts.The Conveyer parts of optical port, which are responsible for that data will be received from light path, unpacks parsing, according to local communication
The address table and another optical port address table of mouth are transmitted the selection in path.It can be seen that, each interface has two numbers in figure
According to source.The main function of Arbitrator parts is carried out when the two paths of data source of Arbitrator is effective at the same time
Ruling, makes, in synchronization, only to handle circuit-switched data input.
The Conveyer at LP ends by received data frame analyzing, is carried out according to 3 address tables in its DA and system first
Forwarding, is forwarded to optical port, then needs being encapsulated according to frame in the data frame defined to light path several Profibus if desired.Optical port
Conveyer receive data, if necessary to send to another optical port, then the frame directly defined light path forwards.If desired
Local port is forwarded to, then Profibus data frames is come from light path data frame at extraction, is forwarded to LP ports.
Frame forwarding strategy is used, specific step is as follows：
1. framing：By the mode of data organization framing to be sent, destination address inserts destination address DA for field, local
(think setting as SA or provided by sender) in address.D/C sections are arranged to 0 expression data.Each node can have 3 numbers
Record local address (table 0), 1 accessibility address (table 1) of optical port, 2 accessibility address (table 2) of optical port respectively according to table.Initially
During change, each table is all sky.In the process, SA is added to table 0, represents that the machine can reach SA by local data port.
Finally send data to the neighbours being connected by optical fiber with oneself.
2. address table is safeguarded：It will be unpacked by the received data of optical fiber, detect its SA, if from 1 received number of optical port
According to frame, and SA does not occur in table 0 and table 2, then SA is added to table 1, represents that optical port 1 can reach SA addresses.If SA exists
Occur in table 2, then illustrate to reach this SA address and shorter path to possess, be not required to add again, and this frame is abandoned, because
Under normal circumstances, identical frame should be received by optical port 2.If from 2 received data frame of optical port, and SA is not in table 0
And occur in table 1, SA is added to table 2.
3. looped network strategy：If being the machine address by the received data frame SA of optical fiber, illustrate occur ring in link, to keep away
Exempt from data not stopping to forward on the line, directly abandon this frame.
4. forwarding：Unpacked by the received data of optical fiber, detect its DA, if from 1 received data frame of optical port, checked
Whether table 0 and table 2 have DA, if there is this DA address in table 0, send data to local data port, are not continuing downwards
One node is sent.If there are DA addresses in table 2, optical port 2 is sent data to, and do not send number to local data port
According at this time, node only plays the role of data forwarding.If without this address in table 0 and table 2, at the same time to local data end
Mouth and optical port send this data frame.If data packet is received from optical port 2, check table 0 and table 1, operating procedure with it is above-mentioned
Step is identical.
5. link state is issued：The same of adjacent node transmission can not be normally received if optical port 1 is in an idle state, when long
Step data K28.5, then by another optical port optical port 2 issue link state frame, i.e. D/C sections for 1 control frame.The data area of frame
It is the content of the accessibility address table table 1 of optical port 1.When optical port 2 breaks down, this control frame is sent by optical port 1.
6. address table updates：The optical port of control frame is received by all in this optical port corresponding table in this control frame to occur
Delete address.Represent that this optical port can not reach the address in data frame.At the same time by this control frame by another optical port after supervention
Send.If all addresses in control frame do not occur in table, this control frame is stopped forwarding.
As in Figure 3-5, system supports redundant looped network topology and can be with rapidly self-healing in line fault：
When link is looped network, according to strategy, receiving the data of itself transmission will directly abandon.When topology is Fig. 3 institutes
When showing, consider that following system establishes the process of address table：
Moment 1：It is the data frame that 2, SA is 0 that module 0, which sends DA,.Address 0 is added into LP address tables.
Moment 2：Module 1 receives the data frame of the transmission of module 0.Address 0 is added into OP1 address tables.
Moment 3：Assuming that due to the delay of circuit, module 3 receives identical data frame by OP2.Data are received in module 1
Data are received after frame.Address 0 is added into OP2 address tables.
Moment 4：Data frame is forwarded to module 2 and local data port by module 1.Address 0 is added OP1 addresses by module 2
Table.
Moment 5：Data frame is forwarded to module 2 and local data port by module 3.Module 2 is found in OP1 address tables
There is address 0, so this frame is abandoned.
Moment 6：Data frame is forwarded to module 3 and local data port by module 2.Module 3 is found in OP2 address tables
There is address 0, so this frame is abandoned.
So far, this data frame once send and the foundation of address table has been completed.It is and most short for having in module 1,2,3
Reach the shortest path information of module 0.Module 1 passes through OP1.Module 2 passes through OP2 by OP1, module 3.Meanwhile in this data
In the transmission process of frame, this frame has and only once reaches the LP of modules.
When module 2 is needed to 0 returned data of module, i.e. DA is the data frame that 0, SA is 2.Data frame will along module 2,
Module 1, the path of module 0 are transmitted.At the same time in the LP of module 2, the OP2 of module 1, add in the address table of the OP2 of module 0
Address 2.So when it is the data frame that 2 SA are 0 that module 0 sends DA again, due to including address in the address table of OP2
2, there is the path towards address 2, so this frame will not be again as carrying out broadcast transmission for the first time.Can effectively it reduce
The flow of link.
Following example illustrates the link information dissemination method of redundant link, as shown in Figure 4.
Assuming that module 1, problem occurs for the connection between module 2, starts link-recovery at this time.
Moment 1：Detect that link disconnects, module 1 passes through normal optical port OP1 transmission links state control frame.Frame it is interior
Hold for the address table of link failure optical port OP2, content 2.OP2 tables are emptied at the same time.Module 2 is sent out by normal optical port OP2
Send link state control frame.The content of frame be link failure optical port OP1 address table, content 0.OP1 tables are emptied at the same time.
Moment 2：Module 0 receives the control frame of the transmission of module 1.All addresses appeared in control frame in OP2 are deleted
Remove.In this example, address 2 is deleted.This frame is forwarded to module 0 by OP1 at the same time.
Moment 3：Assuming that communication delay between module 2 and module 3, which is more than module 1, arrives communication delay between module 0, mould at this time
Block 3 receives the control frame for including address 0 of the transmission of module 2.Through comparing, find do not occur 0 address in OP1, stop forwarding and incite somebody to action
This frame abandons.
Moment 4：Module 0 receives the control frame for including address 2 of the transmission of module 1.2 in OP2 address tables are deleted.At the same time
This frame is forwarded to module 3 by OP1.
Moment 5：Module 0 receives the control frame for including address 2 of the transmission of module 1.It was found that not occurring address 2 in OP2, stop
Forward and abandon this frame.
Following example illustrates the link restoring method of redundant link, as shown in Figure 5.
Moment 1：It is the data frame that 2, SA is 0 that module 0, which sends DA,.Due to there is no address 2 in table 1, table 2, by data frame
Sent by OP1, OP2.
Moment 2：Module 1 receives the data frame of the transmission of module 0.Due to OP2 line faults, data frame is only sent by LP.
Moment 3：Due to line delay, it is assumed that module 3 receives the data frame of the transmission of module 0 at this time.Data frame is passed through into LP
Sent with OP1.
Moment 4：Module 2 receives the data frame of the transmission of module 3.Address 0 is added into OP2 address tables.Due to the event of OP1 circuits
Barrier, while the address table of LP has address 2, then data frame is only sent by LP.
Moment 5：The LP ports of module 2 carry out data response, and it is the data frame that 0, SA is 2 to send DA.This data frame will be logical
Cross module 2, module 3, be back to the LP ports of module 0, while establish appropriate address table.State after link-recovery is as schemed
Show.
Claims (6)
- A kind of 1. optical fibre communication method suitable for Profibus, it is characterised in that Profibus data frames by light path into During row is sent, comprise the following steps：Electrical signal data frame is received in the local electricity PORT COM LP ports of network node；In the destination address and source address of the local detection data frame；LP port address tables are updated according to source address, sending strategy is selected according to destination address and the address table of two optical ports：Such as Fruit destination address is present in a certain optical port address table, then sends the data frame from the optical port；If destination address is not present in In any optical port address table, then the data frame is sent at the same time from two optical ports；During being forwarded to or being converted to Profibus data frames by optical signal data frame, comprise the following steps：Optical signal data frame is received in the OP optical ports of network node；In the destination address and source address of the local detection data frame；OP optical port address tables are updated according to source address, according to destination address, the address table of another optical port and LP port address Table selects sending strategy：If destination address is present in the address table or LP port address tables of another optical port, from this Optical port or LP ports send the data frame；If destination address is not present in any address table, from the optical port and LP ports Send the data frame at the same time.
- A kind of 2. optical fibre communication method suitable for Profibus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the light letter Number frame includes：Synchronizing cycle, frame start byte, data or control bit, destination address, source address, frame length, data field, Frame end byte.
- A kind of 3. optical fibre communication method suitable for Profibus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the basis Source address renewal LP ports/OP optical port address tables, including procedure below：During initialization, each address table is all sky；After being unpacked by the received data of optical fiber, its source address is detected, if from the received data frame of the first optical port, and source Address does not occur in local address tables and the accessibility address table of the second optical port, then can arrive source address added to the first optical port In the address table reached, represent that the first optical port can reach the source address；If source address is in the accessibility address table of the second optical port Middle appearance, then illustrate to have possessed this source address of arrival and shorter path, be not required to add again, this frame is abandoned；If from The received data frame of second optical port, and source address does not occur in local address tables and the accessibility address table of the first optical port, will Source address is added to the accessibility address table of the second optical port.
- 4. a kind of optical fibre communication method suitable for Profibus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that further include： If the source address by the received data frame of optical fiber is the machine address, illustrate occur ring in link, to avoid data from not being parked in Forward on circuit, directly abandon this frame.
- A kind of 5. optical fibre communication method suitable for Profibus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that if first Optical port in an idle state, can not be normally received the synchrodata K28.5 that adjacent node is sent, then be issued by the second optical port Data or the link state control frame that control bit is 1；The data field of link state control frame is the accessibility address of the first optical port The content of table；When second optical port breaks down, this link state control frame is sent by the first optical port.
- 6. a kind of optical fibre communication method suitable for Profibus according to claim 5, it is characterised in that receive control The optical port of frame processed deletes all addresses occurred in this control frame in this optical port corresponding table, represents that this optical port can not reach Address in data frame；At the same time this control frame is continued to send by another optical port；If all addresses in control frame are not Occur in table, then stop forwarding this control frame.
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| CN107566042B (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2019-12-13 | 北京卓越信通电子股份有限公司 | implementation method of PROFIBUS redundant looped network optical fiber transceiver |
| DE102020110753A1 (en) | 2020-04-21 | 2021-10-21 | Turck Holding Gmbh | Bus coupler for a network and method for operating a bus coupler |
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| US6446131B1 (en) * | 1999-06-19 | 2002-09-03 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Bridges and other layer-two devices for forwarding MAC frames |
| CN103428005A (en) * | 2005-07-19 | 2013-12-04 | 罗斯芒特公司 | Interface module with power over ethernet function |
| CN101611615A (en) * | 2007-03-02 | 2009-12-23 | 西门子公司 | Filtering of redundant frames in the network node |
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