CN105779527B - A method of it improving alkalescence pretreatment lignocellulose raw material and digests yield - Google Patents
A method of it improving alkalescence pretreatment lignocellulose raw material and digests yield Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods of raising alkalescence pretreatment lignocellulose raw material enzymatic hydrolysis yield, including pretreatment of raw material and enzyme hydrolysis step;In the pre-treatment step, polyethyleneglycol diglycidylether coprocessing substrate is added.The method of raising alkalescence pretreatment lignocellulose raw material enzymatic hydrolysis yield of the invention, polyethyleneglycol diglycidylether coprocessing substrate is added in low temperature oxygenation pretreatment, lignin may advantageously facilitate the progress of cellulose hydrolyzation to the non-specific adsorption of cellulase during effectively weakening enzyme hydrolysis.Test result shows that compared with existing result of study, the enzyme hydrolysis yield of this patent improves 39.75%, reaches 71.26%.This method pretreating process condition is simple simultaneously, and reaction condition is mild, and the carbohydrate rate of recovery is high, and has many advantages, such as low energy consumption and drug recycling, is worth with more practical operation, has good practicability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation processes of fermentable sugar, and in particular to a kind of raising alkalescence pretreatment lignocellulose raw material
The method for digesting yield.
Background technique
As human society is to the growing and exhaustive exploitation of fossil resource demand, fossil resource is inevitable on the earth
Ground is faced with exhausted destiny totally;And the haze for using caused greenhouse effects and break out in recent years of a large amount of fossil resources
Pollution then evolves into the another a major challenge faced by the mankind;Meanwhile the nondegradable plastics produced using petroleum resources as raw material
Product largely has become a social big public hazards using caused " white pollution ", is badly in need of finding degradable new material.Therefore,
China's Energy restructuring is very urgent, utilizes reproducible biomass resource production bioenergy, biological-based chemicals and life
Object material is the permanent mechanism of China's sustainable development.
Corn is the important cereal crops in China, and annual generated corn stover total amount is extremely considerable.Corn stover
Atmosphere polluting problem caused by burning is urgently to be resolved, therefore the scale of corn stover is utilized and is also concerned.Wood fibre
Raw material biorefinery is one of the approach of corn stover scale, effective use at the energy or chemicals.Fibre in corn stover
Dimension element can be biodegradable into monosaccharide under cellulase catalytic, then be fermented into the various energy or chemicals by different microorganisms.With it
Its cellulose castoff is the same, and cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin form fine and close structure in corn stover, is unfavorable for fiber
Effect of the plain enzyme to cellulose.Wherein, the presence of lignin has inhibition, suppression mechanism to cellulose hydrolyzation in substrate
It is acted on including the steric hindrance effect to cellulase attack and to the ineffective adsorption of cellulase.Generally, it is considered that pretreated
Delignification rate is higher in journey, and cellulose is more exposed in lignocellulose raw material, is more conducive to subsequent cellulase water
Solution.Alkaline process pretreatment and organic solvent pretreatment are significant to the removal effect of lignin, but since organic solvent pretreatment is to pre-
Processing equipment requires height, and has the problems such as security risk of explosion, and industrial applications possibility is lower.Alkaline process pretreatment is normal
For pulping and paper-making industry, and mature drug recovery technology makes alkaline process pretreatment become the pretreated common side of wood fibre
One of method.In alkaline process preprocessing process, the ehter bond of lignin is largely broken with ester bond, so that lignin largely dissolves out.Research
Show that the removal efficiency of alkali charge and pretreatment temperature and lignin is proportional.But during oxygenation pretreatment, excessively high alkali charge
And pretreatment temperature will lead to serious peeling reaction, to reduce the rate of recovery of cellulose and hemicellulose.
Lignin is not only influenced the inhibition level of cellulose hydrolyzation by content of lignin, the physics and chemistry with lignin
Matter is also closely related with chemical structure.Residual lignin in oxygenation pretreatment material can be reduced effective by adsorptive cellulose enzyme
Cellulase concentration, to increase the cost of cellulase dosage and enzyme hydrolysis.Phase between lignin and cellulase protein
Interreaction force mainly includes hydrophobic effect, electrostatic interaction and hydrogen bond action.Lot of documents is reported by adding non-ionic table
Face activating agent can intervene the interaction between cellulase and lignin, to improve performing enzyme hydrolysis on wood fiber raw material performance.
Lignin is reported in recent years prepares amphipathic lignin-base surfactant through polyethoxy grafting and modifying.In cellulase water
Lignin-base surfactant is added in solution preocess, equally can significantly promote cellulose hydrolyzation.Currently, polyethoxy grafting is repaired
Decorations method is only used for lignin sample, chemical modification need to will be carried out after lignin separation in raw material, then be added to enzyme hydrolysis system
In, to play the effect for improving pretreated material enzyme hydrolysis yield.This technical process is excessively complicated, is not suitable for large-scale industrial
Production, therefore the technical process that polyethoxy grafting and modifying lignin improves cellulase hydrolysis yield need to be simplified.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: being directed to the deficiencies in the prior art, and the object of the present invention is to provide improve alkalescence pretreatment wood
The method that matter fibrous raw material digests yield reaches raising by adding polyethoxy ether coprocessing substrate in preprocessing process
The purpose of enzyme hydrolysis yield.
Technical solution: in order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, The technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows:
A method of it improving alkalescence pretreatment lignocellulose raw material and digests yield, including pretreatment of raw material and enzyme hydrolysis step
Suddenly;In the pre-treatment step, polyethyleneglycol diglycidylether coprocessing substrate is added.
The polyethyleneglycol diglycidylether g/g dosage is 5-30%, by material over dry restatement, preferably 10%.
The pre-treatment step are as follows: lignocellulose raw material is used in base amount 10-40%, polyethyleneglycol diglycidylether
Amount 10%, solid-to-liquid ratio 1:10g/mL, coprocessing 3h at 70 DEG C.It is preferred that are as follows: lignocellulose raw material is in base amount 10%, polyethylene glycol
Diglycidyl ether dosage 10%, solid-to-liquid ratio 1:10g/mL, coprocessing 3h at 70 DEG C.
In the enzyme hydrolysis step, enzyme used is cellulase, is with trichoderma, aspergillus or bacteriogenic energy drop
Cellulose is solved into the compound of one or more enzymes of the cellulase of glucose.
The enzyme hydrolysis cellulose g/mL concentration is 2-10%.
The method of the raising alkalescence pretreatment lignocellulose raw material enzymatic hydrolysis yield, the specific steps are as follows:
1) lignocellulose raw material pretreatment solid-to-liquid ratio is 1:10, base amount 10-40%, polyethyleneglycol diglycidylether
Dosage is 5-30%, pretreatment time 1.5-4.0h;
2) after pre-processing, it is separated by filtration acquisition pretreated material, and washed, filtered, washes away remaining lye, molten
Lignin and sugar out;
3) above-mentioned pretreatment corn stover is mixed with cellulase, water, pH buffer, acid or alkali is added, mixes to fibre
Plain concentration 2-10% is tieed up, the cellulase dosage of control pH value every gram of cellulose in 4.0-6.0, reaction system is 10-
40FPU, enzyme digestion reaction 48-72h obtains fermentable sugar at 45-55 DEG C.
The method of the raising alkalescence pretreatment lignocellulose raw material enzymatic hydrolysis yield, it is preferable that specific step is as follows:
1) lignocellulose raw material pretreatment solid-to-liquid ratio is 1:10, base amount 10%, polyethyleneglycol diglycidylether use
Amount is 10%, pretreatment time 3h;
2) after pre-processing, it is separated by filtration acquisition pretreated material, and washed, filtered, washes away remaining lye, molten
Lignin and sugar out;
3) above-mentioned pretreatment corn stover is mixed with cellulase, water, pH buffer, acid or alkali is added, mixes to fibre
Plain concentration 2-10% is tieed up, the cellulase dosage of control pH value every gram of cellulose in 4.0-6.0, reaction system is 10-
40FPU, enzyme digestion reaction 48-72h obtains fermentable sugar at 45-55 DEG C.
The utility model has the advantages that compared with prior art, raising alkalescence pretreatment lignocellulose raw material enzymatic hydrolysis yield of the invention
Method adds polyethyleneglycol diglycidylether coprocessing substrate, effectively during decrease enzyme hydrolysis in low temperature oxygenation pretreatment
Lignin may advantageously facilitate the progress of cellulose hydrolyzation to the non-specific adsorption of cellulase.Test result shows and shows
There is result of study to compare, the enzyme hydrolysis yield of this patent improves 39.75%, reaches 71.26%.This method pre-processes work simultaneously
Skill condition is simple, and reaction condition is mild, and the carbohydrate rate of recovery is high, and has many advantages, such as low energy consumption and drug recycling, more
There is practical operation value, there is good practicability.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is free protein content result figure during pretreatment Factor of Enzymolysis Corn Stalk.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the invention will be further elaborated.Embodiment is sent out for illustrative and not limiting
It is bright.For any those of ordinary skill in this field it will be appreciated that these embodiments, do not limit the invention in any way, it is appropriate to do
Modification and without prejudice to essence of the invention and deviate the scope of the present invention.
In following embodiment, glucose, xylose and cellobiose concentration are measured using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).Color
Spectral condition is as follows: chromatograph: Agillent1200 high performance liquid chromatograph;Chromatographic column: Bio-Rad Aminex HPX-87H;Stream
Dynamic phase: 0.005mol/L sulfuric acid, flow velocity: 0.6mL/min;Column temperature: 55 DEG C;Detector: differential refraction detector;Sample volume: 10 μ
L.External standard method.
In embodiment, base amount is pre-processed with corn stover over dry restatement and refers to pre- place by taking base amount 10% (g/g) as an example
Manage 100g over dry raw material, base amount 10g;Polyethyleneglycol diglycidylether dosage is with corn stover over dry restatement, with poly- second
For Hexanediol diglycidyl ether dosage 10% (g/g), refer to that pretreatment 100g over dry raw material, polyethyleneglycol diglycidylether are used
Amount is 10g.
Embodiment 1
A method of it improving alkalescence pretreatment lignocellulose raw material and digests yield, steps are as follows:
1) over dry corn stover 100g is weighed respectively, respectively with 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% (g/g, similarly hereinafter) hydroxide
Sodium, in solid-to-liquid ratio 1:10 (g/mL, similarly hereinafter), polyethyleneglycol diglycidylether dosage is 10% (g/g, similarly hereinafter), pre- at 70 DEG C
Handle 3h.
2) after pre-processing, material is washed and is collected by filtration.Polyethoxy ether pre-process corn stover it is main at
Analysis is shown in Table 1.
(3) it with base amount is 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and poly- that weigh cellulose over dry weight respectively, which be the above-mentioned of 1.00g,
Ethylene glycol diglycidylether dosage is that 10% pretreated corn stover hydrolyzes in bottle in 2 250mL, in each hydrolysis bottle
1mol/L citrate buffer solution 2.5mL is added, the cellulase and appropriate distilled water that enzyme dosage is 20FPU/g cellulose, makes enzyme
Moisture total volume is 50mL in enzymatic hydrolysis system, is closed the lid after being mixed well reaction system with glass rod, in 150rpm, 50 DEG C of perseverance
72h is digested in warm shaking table.
After enzymatic hydrolysis, respectively hydrolysate is centrifuged 5min with centrifuge under the conditions of 10000rpm, supernatant is taken to measure
Concentration of glucose and cellobiose concentration therein, and enzyme hydrolysis yield is calculated, data take double parallel to test average value.Wherein,
Cellulase hydrolysis yield (%)=(cellobiose concentration g/L in concentration of glucose g/L × 0.9+ hydrolyzate in hydrolyzate ×
0.95) × 0.05 ÷ (substrate over dry weight g × content of cellulose) × 100%.In formula: 0.9 is the conversion of glucose and cellulose
Coefficient;0.95 is the conversion coefficient of cellobiose and cellulose;0.05 is hydrolyzate volume, L.
The Principle components analysis and enzymatic hydrolysis yield of polyethoxy ether pretreatment corn stover 72h is shown in Table 1.
1 polyethoxy ether of table pre-processes the main component and enzymatic hydrolysis yield of corn stover
From table 1 the result shows that, under identical polyethyleneglycol diglycidylether dosage (10%, g/g), with pretreatment alkali
The increase of dosage pre-processes beta-dextran content in corn stover and increases, and xylan and the insoluble content of lignin of acid significantly reduce,
Cellulase hydrolysis yield significantly improves simultaneously.
Embodiment 2
A method of it improving alkalescence pretreatment lignocellulose raw material and digests yield, steps are as follows:
1) over dry corn stover 100g is weighed respectively, is gathered with 10% (g/g) sodium hydroxide in solid-to-liquid ratio 1:10 (g/mL)
Ethylene glycol diglycidylether dosage is respectively 5%, 10%, 20%, 30% (g/g), pre-processes 3h at 70 DEG C.
2) after pre-processing, material is washed and is collected by filtration.Polyethoxy ether pre-process corn stover it is main at
Analysis is shown in Table 2.
(3) it with base amount is 10% that weigh cellulose over dry weight respectively, which be the above-mentioned of 1.00g, polyethylene glycol diglycidyl
Ether dosage is that 5%, 10%, 20%, 30% pretreated corn stover hydrolyzes in bottle in 2 250mL, is added in each hydrolysis bottle
Enter 1mol/L citrate buffer solution 2.5mL, the cellulase and appropriate distilled water that enzyme dosage is 20FPU/g cellulose, makes to digest
Moisture total volume is 50mL in system, is closed the lid after being mixed well reaction system with glass rod, in 150rpm, 50 DEG C of constant temperature
72h is digested in shaking table.
After enzymatic hydrolysis, respectively hydrolysate is centrifuged 5min with centrifuge under the conditions of 10000rpm, supernatant is taken to measure
Concentration of glucose and cellobiose concentration therein, and enzyme hydrolysis yield is calculated, data take double parallel to test average value.Poly- ethoxy
The Principle components analysis and enzymatic hydrolysis yield of base ether pretreatment corn stover 72h is shown in Table 2.
2 polyethoxy ether of table pre-processes the main component and enzymatic hydrolysis yield of corn stover
From table 2 the result shows that, under identical base amount (10%, g/g), with polyethyleneglycol diglycidylether dosage
Increase, pre-processes the insoluble content of lignin of acid in corn stover and gradually increase, pretreated material enzymatic hydrolysis yield gradually rises.When poly-
When ethylene glycol diglycidylether dosage is 10%, enzymatic hydrolysis yield is increased to 69.07%.Further increase polyethylene glycol diglycidyl
Glycerin ether dosage digests the not shown significant raising of yield.
Embodiment 3
A method of it improving alkalescence pretreatment lignocellulose raw material and digests yield, cellulase adsorbs situation test, tool
Steps are as follows for body:
1) 100g over dry corn stover is weighed, in base amount 10% (g/g), solid-to-liquid ratio is 1:10 (g/mL), polyethylene glycol
3h is pre-processed at 70 DEG C of diglycidyl ether dosage 10% (g/g), pretreatment fluid and pretreated material is collected by filtration.
2) pretreated material is washed and is collected by filtration, and is operated for cellulase hydrolysis.
3) it with base amount is 10% that weigh cellulose over dry weight respectively, which be the above-mentioned of 1.00g, polyethylene glycol diglycidyl
Ether dosage is that 10% pretreated corn stover hydrolyzes in bottle in 2 250mL, and 1mol/L citric acid is added in each hydrolysis bottle
Buffer 2.5mL, the cellulase and appropriate distilled water that enzyme dosage is 20FPU/g cellulose, keep moisture in enzymatic hydrolysis system overall
Product is 50mL, closes the lid after being mixed well reaction system with glass rod, digests 72h in 150rpm, 50 DEG C of constant-temperature table.
4) in enzymolysis process, respectively at 3h, 6h, 12h, for 24 hours, 48h, 72h sampling, with centrifuge in 10000rpm condition
Lower centrifugation 5min takes supernatant to measure the concentration for the zymoprotein that wherein dissociates, and calculates opposite protein content, and data take double parallel
Test average value.Wherein, resolvase protein concentration (%)=(zymoprotein concentration g/L in supernatant) ÷ (is added in enzymatic hydrolysis system
Total zymoprotein concentration g/L) × 100%.
To compare with polyethyleneglycol diglycidylether is not added in processing, test is synchronized.As a result such as Fig. 1 institute
Show, show in the enzymolysis process of test sample, digests the trend risen after the zymoprotein concentration presentation that dissociates in supernatant is fallen before.
When digesting 3h, protein content of dissociating is the 57.1% of total protein content.After enzymatic hydrolysis carries out for 24 hours, protein content of dissociating
Drop to 34.7%.After digesting 72h, digesting zymoprotein concentration of dissociating in supernatant is 66.3%.In the enzymolysis process of control sample
In, digest zymoprotein concentration of dissociating in supernatant equally present fall before after the trend that rises.When digesting 3h, free zymoprotein contains
Amount is the 39.8% of total protein content, far below the free protein content (57.1%) in test sample 3h enzymatic hydrolysis supernatant.
Zymoprotein concentration of dissociating after digesting 72h, in the supernatant of control sample is 29.59%, is also preferably below test sample 72h enzymatic hydrolysis supernatant
In free protein content (66.3%).Illustrating that addition polyethyleneglycol diglycidylether pre-processes altogether reduces pretreatment object
Expect the non-specific adsorption to cellulase.
Comparative example 1
A method of it improving alkalescence pretreatment lignocellulose raw material and digests yield, with embodiment 1, but in alkalinity and processing
When do not add polyethyleneglycol diglycidylether, the specific steps are as follows:
1) over dry corn stover 100g is weighed respectively, respectively with 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% (g/g) sodium hydroxide, in
Solid-to-liquid ratio 1:10 (g/mL) pre-processes 3h at 70 DEG C.
2) after pre-processing, material is washed and is collected by filtration.The Principle components analysis of pretreatment corn stover is shown in Table
3。
3) it with base amount is 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% (g/g) that weigh cellulose over dry weight respectively, which be the above-mentioned of 1.00g,
Pretreated corn stover in 2 250mL hydrolysis bottles, in each hydrolysis bottle addition 1mol/L citrate buffer solution 2.5mL,
Enzyme dosage is the cellulase and appropriate distilled water of 20FPU/g cellulose, makes moisture total volume 50mL in enzymatic hydrolysis system, uses glass
Stick closes the lid after mixing well reaction system, digests 72h in 150rpm, 50 DEG C of constant-temperature table.
After enzymatic hydrolysis, respectively hydrolysate is centrifuged 5min with centrifuge under the conditions of 10000rpm, supernatant is taken to measure
Concentration of glucose and cellobiose concentration therein, and enzyme hydrolysis yield is calculated, data take double parallel to test average value, as a result such as
Shown in table 3.
Table 3 is not added with the main component and enzymatic hydrolysis yield of polyethoxy ether pretreatment corn stover
Table 3 the result shows that, with the increase of pretreatment base amount, in oxygenation pretreatment corn stover, beta-dextran content is also therewith
Increase, and xylan and the insoluble content of lignin of acid decrease.Compared with the result of embodiment 1, under identical base amount
(10%), the insoluble content of lignin of acid is 12.59% (table 1) in embodiment 1, high insoluble content of lignin sour in this present embodiment
(9.98%).In addition, the enzymatic hydrolysis yield of the present embodiment is below the enzymatic hydrolysis yield of embodiment 1 under identical pretreatment base amount,
In the case where pretreatment base amount is 10%, the enzymatic hydrolysis yield of embodiment 1 is 71.26% (table 1), than the enzymatic hydrolysis yield of the present embodiment
(50.99%) 39.75% is improved.
Comparative example 2
A method of it improving alkalescence pretreatment lignocellulose raw material and digests yield, to add lignin-base surfactant
Conventional oxygenation pretreatment Factor of Enzymolysis Corn Stalk method, the specific steps are as follows:
1) 100g over dry corn stover is weighed, in base amount 10% (g/g), solid-to-liquid ratio is 1:10 (g/mL), pre- at 70 DEG C
3h is handled, pretreatment fluid and pretreated material is collected by filtration.
2) pretreated material is washed and is collected by filtration, and is operated for cellulase hydrolysis.
3) concentrated sulfuric acid is added, pretreatment fluid pH is adjusted to 4.0 hereinafter, alkali lignin is precipitated, and wash, filter, for wood
The preparation of quality based surfactants.
4) 20g over dry alkali lignin is weighed, in base amount 40% (g/g), polyethyleneglycol diglycidylether dosage 200%
(g/g), solid-to-liquid ratio 1:10 (g/mL) reacts 2h at 70 DEG C.After reaction, pH is adjusted to 4.0 hereinafter, precipitating unmodified wood
Quality.Lignin-base surfactant (final concentration 50g/L) after taking supernatant to modify after centrifugation by ultra-filtration and separation, concentration,
It adds and tests for subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis.
5) weighing the base amount that cellulose over dry weight is 1.00g is 10% (g/g) pretreated corn stover in 2
250mL is hydrolyzed in bottle, and above-mentioned lignin-base surfactant 0.5mL, 1mol/L lemon acid buffering is added in each hydrolysis bottle
Liquid 2.5mL, the cellulase and appropriate distilled water that enzyme dosage is 20FPU/g cellulose, make moisture total volume in enzymatic hydrolysis system
50mL closes the lid after being mixed well reaction system with glass rod, digests 72h in 150rpm, 50 DEG C of constant-temperature table.
After enzymatic hydrolysis, respectively hydrolysate is centrifuged 5min with centrifuge under the conditions of 10000rpm, supernatant is taken to measure
Concentration of glucose and cellobiose concentration therein, and enzyme hydrolysis yield is calculated, data take double parallel to test average value.
The result shows that the conventional oxygenation pretreatment corn stover 72h enzymatic hydrolysis of this comparative example addition lignin-base surfactant
Yield is 69.08%, than the conventional oxygenation pretreatment material enzyme hydrolysis yield that comparative example 1 is not added with lignin-base surfactant
(50.99%) 35.48%, but the enzyme hydrolysis yield (71.26%) of the method (embodiment 1) lower than this patent are improved.
As it can be seen that this method can remarkably promote enzyme hydrolysis, enzyme hydrolysis yield is improved, pretreating process condition is simple, more
There is practical operation value.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of method for improving alkalescence pretreatment lignocellulose raw material enzymatic hydrolysis yield, which is characterized in that specific step is as follows:
1) lignocellulose raw material pretreatment solid-to-liquid ratio is 1:10, base amount 10-40%, polyethyleneglycol diglycidylether dosage
For 5-30%, 70 DEG C of coprocessing 1.5-4.0h;
2) after pre-processing, it is separated by filtration acquisition pretreated material, and washed, filtered, washes away remaining lye, dissolution
Lignin and sugar;
3) above-mentioned pretreatment corn stover is mixed with cellulase, water, pH buffer, acid or alkali is added, mixes to cellulose
Concentration 2-10%, the cellulase dosage of control pH value every gram of cellulose in 4.0-6.0, reaction system are 10-40FPU, in
Enzyme digestion reaction 48-72h obtains fermentable sugar at 45-55 DEG C.
2. the method according to claim 1 for improving alkalescence pretreatment lignocellulose raw material enzymatic hydrolysis yield, which is characterized in that
Specific step is as follows:
1) lignocellulose raw material pretreatment solid-to-liquid ratio is 1:10, and base amount 10%, polyethyleneglycol diglycidylether dosage is
10%, 70 DEG C of coprocessing 3h;
2) after pre-processing, it is separated by filtration acquisition pretreated material, and washed, filtered, washes away remaining lye, dissolution
Lignin and sugar;
3) above-mentioned pretreatment corn stover is mixed with cellulase, water, pH buffer, acid or alkali is added, mixes to cellulose
Concentration 2-10%, the cellulase dosage of control pH value every gram of cellulose in 4.0-6.0, reaction system are 10-40FPU, in
Enzyme digestion reaction 48-72h obtains fermentable sugar at 45-55 DEG C.
3. the method according to claim 1 or 2 for improving alkalescence pretreatment lignocellulose raw material enzymatic hydrolysis yield, feature exist
In cellulase used, be with trichoderma, aspergillus or it is bacteriogenic can degraded cellulose at glucose cellulase one
The compound of kind or a variety of enzymes.
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