CN105720278A - High-efficiency multi-element transition metal phosphide hydrogen-evolution catalyst and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

High-efficiency multi-element transition metal phosphide hydrogen-evolution catalyst and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105720278A
CN105720278A CN201610196544.9A CN201610196544A CN105720278A CN 105720278 A CN105720278 A CN 105720278A CN 201610196544 A CN201610196544 A CN 201610196544A CN 105720278 A CN105720278 A CN 105720278A
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catalyst
hydrogen
precursor
liberation
transition metal
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申燕
李嫚
黄德康
王鸣魁
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Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/86Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H01M4/90Selection of catalytic material
    • H01M4/9016Oxides, hydroxides or oxygenated metallic salts
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/86Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H01M4/88Processes of manufacture
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50Fuel cells

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-efficiency multi-element transition metal phosphide hydrogen-evolution catalyst and a preparation method thereof. The catalyst is Co<x>Fe<y>P and is formed by being loaded in carbon cloth by a hydrothermal method. The preparation method of the catalyst comprises the following steps of preparing a precursor by the hydrothermal method, adding a certain amount of a mixture of Co(NO<3>)<2>.6H<2>O and Fe(NO<3>)<3>.9H<2>O into deionized water to form an uniform mixed solution, placing the mixed solution in a reaction kettle, adding carbon cloth (CC) as a carrier, uniformly adding strong ammonia water, hermetically heating the mixed solution to 110-120 DEG C, carrying out heat preservation for 9-10 hours, taking out the CC, and drying the CC to obtain the precursor; and carrying out low-temperature phosphorization on the precursor, separately placing NaH<2>PO<2> and the precursor in an upstream and a downstream of a tube furnace, introducing nitrogen or inert gas, heating the tube furnace to 300-350 DEG C, and carrying out heat preservation for over 2 hours to obtain the hydrogen-evolution catalyst. Compared with the prior art, the hydrogen-evolution catalyst prepared according to the method is endowed with high-efficiency and stable catalytic hydrogen evolution capability in an acidic solution, and the hydrogen production cost through electrolysis of water can be reduced.

Description

A kind of efficient multicomponent magnesium-yttrium-transition metal phosphide liberation of hydrogen catalyst and preparation method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of polynary magnesium-yttrium-transition metal phosphide liberation of hydrogen catalyst and preparation method, belong to In catalysis material technical field.
Background technology
The modernization of World Economics, has benefited from fossil energy, as oil, natural gas extensively should with coal With.The most exhausted however as fossil energy, and in use pollution to environment, it is desirable to I Develop cleaning, regenerative resource as early as possible.Hydrogen, may move the energy as one, has higher matter Energy density, and combustion product is that water receives significant attention.But, up to the present, hydrogen energy source Mainly also being derived from water, thus water electrolysis hydrogen production has attracted to pay close attention to widely, especially evolving hydrogen reaction (HER) process 2H++2e-→H2Represent most important process in evolving hydrogen reaction.
For HER process, cathod catalyst effect is particularly significant.So far, the negative electrode that performance is best Catalyst is noble metal platinum and alloy thereof.This kind of catalyst cost is high, reserves are low, hinders it extensive Application and commercialized development.Therefore develop cheap, efficient, stable base metal HER catalyst to become One of focus of reversible hydrogen fuel cell research.Transition metal phosphide (TMP) is low due to its price Honest and clean, ph stability good, becomes current study hotspot as a kind of novel HER catalyst, as CoP, Ni2P, FeP, MoP and WP etc. are respectively provided with preferable catalytic hydrogen evolution performance.But, they belong to Dyadic transition Race's metal phosphide, the avtive spot of only one of which anion state, proton during HER can not be met The demand of electric discharge, HER process electric current density is the highest, and overpotential is higher, to HER process bring energy consumption high, The low problem of hydrogen output.
Summary of the invention
The present invention be reduce water electrolysis hydrogen production cost and can the problem of efficient liberation of hydrogen, propose with electric conductivity with The carbon cloth that corrosion resistance has concurrently, as carrier, is prepared ternary transition race metal phosphide catalyst, is made catalyst It is coated on carbon cloth surfaces, it is possible to increase effective electro catalytic activity surface area, is that a kind of low-cost height is anti- Answer active polynary magnesium-yttrium-transition metal phosphide liberation of hydrogen catalyst, can effectively reduce water electrolysis hydrogen producing cost.
The present invention proposes a kind of polynary magnesium-yttrium-transition metal phosphide liberation of hydrogen catalyst, this catalyst be cobalt salt and Iron salt mixture is supported on carbon cloth by hydrothermal method, forms through low temperature phosphor, wherein cobalt salt and iron salt Mole is than for 4:1 or 2:1.
Correspondingly, the present invention proposes above-mentioned method for preparing catalyst, comprises the steps:
(1) hydrothermal method prepares precursor: mole mixed than cobalt salt and the iron salt for 4:1 or 2:1 Compound, joins in deionized water, and stirring forms uniform mixed solution;Mixed solution is transferred to instead Answer in still, add carbon cloth, make carbon cloth be completely immersed in mixed solution;It is uniformly added into strong aqua ammonia;Will reaction Still seals, and is heated to 110-120 DEG C and keeps constant temperature 9-10h, takes out carbon cloth and be dried, obtaining precursor; Described strong aqua ammonia is 1ml:1mmol with the ratio of cobalt salt and iron salt mixture.
(2) precursor low temperature phosphor: by NaH2PO2With the upstream that described precursor is individually placed to tube furnace With dirty, tube furnace is filled with nitrogen or noble gas, is heated to 300-350 DEG C and keeps more than constant temperature 2h, Obtain described liberation of hydrogen catalyst;Described NaH2PO2It is 3:1 with the mol ratio of cobalt salt and iron salt mixture.
Further, in the preparation method of described catalyst, described hydrothermal temperature is 120 DEG C, The hydro-thermal reaction time is 10h.
Further, in the preparation method of described catalyst, described low temperature phosphor reaction temperature is 300 DEG C, Response time is 2h.
Further, in the preparation method of described catalyst, described noble gas is argon.
Further, in the preparation method of described catalyst, dry in described step (1) is in vacuum In carry out.
Described cobalt salt, including cabaltous nitrate hexahydrate and cobalt chloride hexahydrate;Described iron salt, including nine hydrations Ferric nitrate and ferric chloride hexahydrate.
Compare with existing preparation method, polynary magnesium-yttrium-transition metal phosphide liberation of hydrogen catalyst prepared by the present invention There is the highest catalysis activity.The invention by hydrothermal preparing process introduce transition group bimetallic Hydroxide precursor, overcomes the avtive spot of Dyadic transition group metal phosphide only one of which anion state, The needs of problems of proton discharge process can not be met.Reacted by low temperature phosphor, the hydrogen around P substituted metal Oxygen groups forms active center, and active center is mainly made up of two parts: (1) itself is in anion state P;(2) Fe of the anionic part state that electron rearrangement is formed in course of reaction.Therefore two can be provided Individual to the ternary transition race metal phosphide in electronically active site can be more beneficial for HER reaction.
Catalyst obtained by the present invention, can be mass, and has abandoned noble metal platinum based catalyst, available In acidic electrolyte bath, it is electrolysed the reaction of water cathode hydrogen evolution, reduces hydrogen manufacturing cost.Urging obtained by the present invention The catalysis activity of agent is suitable with Pt, and presents good stability, therefore may be used on reversible hydrogen combustion In material battery.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the polarization curve of the catalyst as prepared by embodiment 1,2,3 and 4;
Fig. 2 is the Tafel curve of the catalyst as prepared by embodiment 1,2;
Fig. 3 is electric current~the timing ampere curve of time of the catalyst as prepared by embodiment 1,2.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and Embodiment, is further elaborated to the present invention.Should be appreciated that described herein being embodied as Example only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.Additionally, invention described below Just can mutual group as long as technical characteristic involved in each embodiment does not constitutes conflict each other Close.
In embodiment, using prepared catalyst as working electrode, area is 1cm2, catalyst is supported on Quality on carbon cloth is 0.5-1.2mg, in order to the data making electro-chemical test obtain have comparability, below Example all carries out electrochemistry survey on the CHI 750D electrochemical workstation of Shanghai Chen Hua Instrument Ltd. Examination.Test condition is as follows: platinum filament is as to electrode, and saturated calomel electrode is as reference electrode, composition Three electrode test systems, with 0.5M H2SO4Aqueous solution is electrolyte.Wherein, embodiment 2 and 3 is this Inventive embodiments;Embodiment 1 and 4 is Dyadic transition group metal phosphide liberation of hydrogen prepared by prior art Catalyst, as reference examples, and is contrasted with liberation of hydrogen ability of the present invention it by electro-chemical test And evaluation.
Embodiment 1, comprises the steps:
1) hydro-thermal prepares precursor, is joined by 10mmol cabaltous nitrate hexahydrate in 50mL deionized water, Stirring forms uniform mixed solution;Mixed solution is transferred in 100mL reactor, add carbon cloth (3×2cm2), make carbon cloth be completely immersed in mixed solution;It is uniformly added into 10mL strong aqua ammonia;Will reaction Still seals, and is heated to 110 DEG C and keeps constant temperature 9h, takes out carbon cloth and be dried, obtaining precursor;
2) precursor low temperature phosphor: by NaH2PO2With described precursor be individually placed to tube furnace upstream and Dirty, tube furnace is filled with argon as protective gas, is heated to 300 DEG C and keeps constant temperature 2h, obtains liberation of hydrogen Catalyst (CoP/CC);Described NaH2PO2It is 3:1 with the mol ratio of cobalt salt.
Take described catalyst so that it is the area immersing electrolyte in electrochemical property test is 1cm2.With 2mV s-1Sweep speed, measure this catalyst at 0.5M H2SO4Polarization curve in solution.Polarization curve Test result is as shown in Figure 1.
Embodiment 2, comprises the steps:
1) hydro-thermal prepares precursor, 8mmol cabaltous nitrate hexahydrate and 2mmol Fe(NO3)39H2O is added Entering in 50mL deionized water, stirring forms uniform mixed solution;Mixed solution is transferred to 100mL In reactor, add carbon cloth (3 × 2cm2), make carbon cloth be completely immersed in mixed solution;It is uniformly added into 10 ML strong aqua ammonia;Reactor is sealed, is heated to 120 DEG C and keeps constant temperature 10h, take out carbon cloth and be dried, Obtain precursor;
2) precursor low temperature phosphor: by NaH2PO2With described precursor be individually placed to tube furnace upstream and Dirty, tube furnace is filled with argon as protective gas, is heated to 300 DEG C and keeps constant temperature 2h, obtains liberation of hydrogen Catalyst (Co4FeP/CC);Described NaH2PO2It is 3:1 with the mol ratio of cobalt salt and iron salt mixture.
Take described catalyst so that it is the area immersing electrolyte in electrochemical property test is 1cm2.? In above-mentioned test system, with 2mV s-1Sweep speed, measure this catalyst at 0.5M H2SO4In solution Polarization curve, polarization curve test result is as shown in Figure 1.It will be seen from figure 1 that when x:y is 4:1 Time, the catalysis activity of catalyst is the highest, and apparently higher than embodiment 1 gained Dyadic transition group metal phosphorizing Thing liberation of hydrogen catalyst (CoP/CC).
In above-mentioned test system, with 2mV s-1Sweep speed, measure this catalyst at 0.5M H2SO4Molten Tafel curve in liquid, test result is as shown in Figure 2.Figure it is seen that embodiment 2 gained Catalyst (Co4FeP/CC) Tafel slope is sufficiently close to Pt, and apparently higher than embodiment 1 institute Obtain Dyadic transition group metal phosphide liberation of hydrogen catalyst (CoP/CC).
In above-mentioned test system, under the current potential of-0.4V, measure this catalyst at 0.5M H2SO4Molten Electric current in liquid~the instant ampere curve of time, test result is as it is shown on figure 3, show embodiment 2 institute Obtain catalyst (Co4FeP/CC) in an acidic solution can stably catalyzed liberation of hydrogen.
Embodiment 3, comprises the steps:
1) hydro-thermal prepares precursor, and 6.67mmol cabaltous nitrate hexahydrate and 3.33mmol nine are hydrated nitre Acid ferrum joins in 50mL deionized water, and stirring forms uniform mixed solution;Mixed solution is shifted In 100mL reactor, add carbon cloth (3 × 2cm2), make carbon cloth be completely immersed in mixed liquor;All Even addition 10mL strong aqua ammonia;Reactor is sealed, is heated to 110 DEG C and keeps constant temperature 9h, take out carbon Cloth is also dried, and obtains precursor;
2) precursor low temperature phosphor: by NaH2PO2With described precursor be individually placed to tube furnace upstream and Dirty, tube furnace is filled with nitrogen or noble gas, is heated to 350 DEG C and keeps more than constant temperature 2h, obtains Liberation of hydrogen catalyst (Co2FeP/CC);Described NaH2PO2It is 3 with the mol ratio of cobalt salt and iron salt mixture: 1。
Take described catalyst so that it is the area immersing electrolyte in electrochemical property test is 1cm2.With 2mV s-1Sweep speed, measure this catalyst at 0.5M H2SO4Polarization curve in solution.Polarization curve Test result is as shown in Figure 1.It will be seen from figure 1 that when x:y is 2:1, the catalysis of catalyst
Activity is only second to embodiment 2 gained catalyst (Co4FeP/CC), and apparently higher than embodiment 1 gained two Unit's magnesium-yttrium-transition metal phosphide catalyst (CoP/CC).
Embodiment 4, comprises the steps:
1) hydro-thermal prepares precursor, and 10mmol Fe(NO3)39H2O is joined 50mL deionized water In, stirring forms uniform mixed solution;Mixed solution is transferred in 100mL reactor, add carbon Cloth (3 × 2cm2), make carbon cloth be completely immersed in mixed liquor;It is uniformly added into 10mL strong aqua ammonia;Will reaction Still seals, and is heated to 120 DEG C and keeps constant temperature 10h, takes out carbon cloth and be dried, obtaining precursor;
2) precursor low temperature phosphor: by NaH2PO2With described precursor be individually placed to tube furnace upstream and Dirty, tube furnace is filled with nitrogen or noble gas, is heated to 300 DEG C and keeps more than constant temperature 2h, obtains Liberation of hydrogen catalyst (FeP/CC);Described NaH2PO2It is 3:1 with the mol ratio of iron salt.
Take the catalyst of certain area so that it is the area immersing electrolyte in electrochemical property test is 1 cm2.With 2mV s-1Sweep speed, measure this catalyst at 0.5M H2SO4Polarization curve in solution. Polarization curve test result is as shown in Figure 1.It will be seen from figure 1 that embodiment 4 gained Dyadic transition group The catalysis activity of metal phosphide liberation of hydrogen catalyst Fe P/CC is significantly lower than the embodiment 2 and 3 polynary mistake of gained Cross race's metal phosphide liberation of hydrogen catalyst.
Above example is as working electrode at the catalyst prepared using the present invention, platinum filament as to electrode, Saturated calomel electrode, as reference electrode, forms three electrode test systems, with 0.5M H2SO4Aqueous solution is Under the test condition of electrolyte, on the CHI 750D electrochemical workstation of Shanghai Chen Hua Instrument Ltd. Study its catalysis activity, test result indicate that, polynary by prepared by the present invention, i.e. embodiment 2 and 3 Magnesium-yttrium-transition metal phosphide liberation of hydrogen catalyst, compared to existing magnesium-yttrium-transition metal phosphide liberation of hydrogen catalyst, To H+There is more significant catalytic effect, and liberation of hydrogen is in hgher efficiency, can stably catalyzed analyse in an acidic solution Hydrogen.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that and the foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, Not in order to limit the present invention, all made within the spirit and principles in the present invention any amendment, equivalent Replacement and improvement etc., should be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. a polynary magnesium-yttrium-transition metal phosphide liberation of hydrogen catalyst, it is characterised in that this catalyst is cobalt salt It is supported on carbon cloth with iron salt mixture by hydrothermal method, forms through low temperature phosphor, wherein cobalt salt and iron salt Mole than for 4:1 or 2:1.
2. method for preparing catalyst described in a claim 1, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
(1) hydrothermal method prepares precursor: mole mixed than cobalt salt and the iron salt for 4:1 or 2:1 Compound, joins in deionized water, and stirring forms uniform mixed solution;Mixed solution is transferred to instead Answer in still, add carbon cloth, make carbon cloth be completely immersed in mixed solution;It is uniformly added into strong aqua ammonia;Will reaction Still seals, and is heated to 110-120 DEG C and keeps constant temperature 9-10h, takes out carbon cloth and be dried, obtaining precursor; Described strong aqua ammonia is 1ml:1mmol with the ratio of cobalt salt and iron salt mixture.
(2) precursor low temperature phosphor: by NaH2PO2With the upstream that described precursor is individually placed to tube furnace With dirty, tube furnace is filled with nitrogen or noble gas, is heated to 300-350 DEG C and keeps more than constant temperature 2h, Obtain described liberation of hydrogen catalyst;Described NaH2PO2It is 3:1 with the mol ratio of cobalt salt and iron salt mixture.
The preparation method of polynary magnesium-yttrium-transition metal phosphide liberation of hydrogen catalyst the most according to claim 2, It is characterized in that, described hydrothermal temperature is 120 DEG C, and the hydro-thermal reaction time is 10h.
4. according to the preparation of the polynary magnesium-yttrium-transition metal phosphide liberation of hydrogen catalyst described in Claims 2 or 3 Method, it is characterised in that described low temperature phosphor reaction temperature is 300 DEG C, the response time is 2h.
5. according to the preparation of the polynary magnesium-yttrium-transition metal phosphide liberation of hydrogen catalyst described in Claims 2 or 3 Method, it is characterised in that described noble gas is argon.
6. according to the preparation of the polynary magnesium-yttrium-transition metal phosphide liberation of hydrogen catalyst described in Claims 2 or 3 Method, it is characterised in that dry in step (1) is carried out in a vacuum.
7. according to the polynary magnesium-yttrium-transition metal phosphide liberation of hydrogen catalyst described in claim 1-6 and preparation side Method, it is characterised in that described cobalt salt, including cabaltous nitrate hexahydrate and cobalt chloride hexahydrate;Described iron salt, Including Fe(NO3)39H2O and ferric chloride hexahydrate.
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CN109065901A (en) * 2018-07-12 2018-12-21 扬州大学 Transition metal phosphide-noble metal phosphide composite fuel cell catalyst and its preparation method and application
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