CN105716951B - Rock stratum moving model frame loading device and experimental method - Google Patents

Rock stratum moving model frame loading device and experimental method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105716951B
CN105716951B CN201610229010.1A CN201610229010A CN105716951B CN 105716951 B CN105716951 B CN 105716951B CN 201610229010 A CN201610229010 A CN 201610229010A CN 105716951 B CN105716951 B CN 105716951B
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hydraulic
hydraulic cylinder
rock stratum
way reversing
rigid metal
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CN105716951A (en
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张源
万志军
马阳升
张健
毕世科
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China University of Mining and Technology CUMT
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China University of Mining and Technology CUMT
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/08Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
    • G01N3/10Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
  • Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a rock stratum moving model frame loading device and an experimental method, the device comprises a cavity formed by a base, a rack and front and rear guard plates, a simulated rock stratum is arranged in the cavity, a hydraulic oil cylinder is arranged at the upper part of the rack, the device also comprises a manual hydraulic pump, an oil inlet pipe and an oil return pipe of the manual hydraulic pump are respectively connected with an oil inlet and an oil return port of a two-position four-way reversing valve, a rodless cavity and a rod cavity of the hydraulic oil cylinder are respectively connected with a working oil port I and a working oil port II of the two-position four-way reversing valve, a manual control valve and a hydraulic pressure gauge are arranged on a pipeline connecting the hydraulic oil cylinder and the two-position four-way reversing valve, a rigid metal column is arranged at the lower part of a piston rod. The invention can realize continuous loading of the simulated rock stratum, is beneficial to compaction of the simulated rock stratum and improves the reliability and accuracy of the experimental result.

Description

A kind of strata movement model rack loading device and experimental method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of rock stratum similar material simulation experiment fields, add more particularly, to a kind of strata movement model support It carries and sets and experimental method.
Background technology
Currently, the traditional rock stratum similar material simulation experiment device in laboratory is carried using hydraulic loading device to simulation rock stratum For pressure, since the volume inside analog simulation experimental device reaches tens of cubic meters, the advantages of above-mentioned experiment loading device is can To save some materials.But exist simultaneously the defect of following three aspects:First, during the experiment, holding after rock stratum is excavated The disengaging for easily causing the pressure head and simulation rock stratum of hydraulic stroker, needs to observe at the time of experimenter, causes the wave of manpower Take;Second is that the problem of hydraulic cylinder and the disengaging of simulation rock stratum can cause analog material not to be compacted in experimentation;Third, depositing In some potential safety problems.
Invention content
Goal of the invention:The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of strata movement model rack loading device and experimental methods, pass through The loading device, can make experimenter may not necessarily observation experiment process round the clock, realize the continuous load in experimentation.
To achieve the goals above, present invention employs the following technical solutions:A kind of strata movement model support load dress It sets, including pedestal, pedestal is equipped with rack, and rack or so is equipped with front and back backplate, is formed between pedestal, rack and front and back backplate The open cavity in portion, cavity interior setting simulation rock stratum, upper rack are equipped with hydraulic cylinder;Further include hydraulic hand-pump, two four Logical reversal valve, manual control valve, hydralic pressure gauge, spring pedestal, rigid metal column, hydraulic hand-pump are equipped with oil inlet pipe and oil return Pipe, oil inlet pipe are connected with the oil inlet of two position and four-way reversing valves, and oil return pipe is connected with the oil return opening of two position and four-way reversing valves, hydraulic pressure The rodless cavity of oil cylinder is connected with the actuator port one of two position and four-way reversing valves, the rod chamber of hydraulic cylinder and two position and four-way reversing valves Actuator port two be connected, set on the pipeline that the rodless cavity of hydraulic cylinder is connected with the actuator port one of two position and four-way reversing valves There are manual control valve and hydralic pressure gauge, the underpart of the piston rod of hydraulic cylinder is equipped with rigid metal column, on the Imitating rock stratum Surface position corresponding with rigid metal column is equipped with spring pedestal.
Preferably, the rigid metal column end is equipped with the location hole to match with the piston rod that hydraulic cylinder is applied.
Preferably, the spring pedestal includes compressed spring, rigid sleeve and rigid metal sheet, rigid sleeve internal diameter with just Property metal column outer diameter matches, and in rigid sleeve lower weld rigid metal iron plate, compressed spring is placed in rigid sleeve.
According to the experimental method of above-mentioned strata movement model rack loading device, include the following steps:
A, it is laid with analog material in cavity, and displacement meter is installed, waits for that analog material dries, forms simulation rock stratum;
B, the piston rod of hydraulic cylinder is connect with rigid metal column, spring pedestal is placed in each rigid metal column Underface;
C, proceed by load, open manual control valve, manually control hydraulic hand-pump, make hydraulic oil through oil inlet pipe into Enter the rodless cavity of hydraulic cylinder, the piston rod of hydraulic cylinder stretches out and is pressed down against simulation by rigid metal column and spring pedestal Rock stratum simulates the dead weight of overlying rock, hydralic pressure gauge is observed in loading procedure, and hydralic pressure gauge is made to show to the pressure reading of setting, Then it is closed manual control valve, stopping manually controls hydraulic hand-pump;
D, front and back backplate is removed, roadway excavation is simulated, in digging process, when the reading of hydralic pressure gauge is less than the pressure set When reading, manual control valve is opened, open hydraulic hand-pump makes the reading of hydralic pressure gauge restore to original by oil inlet pipe oil inlet To set reading;
F, the displacement of the entire simulation rock stratum of record, observation experiment simulate being caving for rock stratum in the process;
G, after experiment, the commutation of two position and four-way reversing valves, the work of the rodless cavity of hydraulic cylinder and two position and four-way reversing valves Make hydraulic fluid port two to be connected, the rod chamber of hydraulic cylinder is connected with the actuator port one of two position and four-way reversing valves, opens hand control valve Door opens hydraulic hand-pump, and hydraulic oil is made to enter the rod chamber of hydraulic cylinder through oil inlet pipe, and the piston rod that hydraulic cylinder is applied returns Contracting, spring pedestal and rigid metal column are removed.
Compared with existing rock stratum similar material simulation experiment device, the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) by the basis of existing rock stratum similar material simulation experiment device, increasing spring pedestal, hand-hydraulic Pump and rigid metal column are conducive to the compacting of simulation rock stratum, improve experimental result can, it can be achieved that continuously loaded to simulation rock stratum By property and accuracy;
(2) its is simple in structure, easy to operate, uses manpower and material resources sparingly, and using effect is good.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the dimensional structure diagram of the device of the strata movement model support load of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the oil circuit connection schematic diagram of hydraulic hand-pump and hydraulic cylinder;
Fig. 3 is the diagrammatic cross-section of the spring pedestal of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the vertical view of the spring pedestal of the present invention;
The diagrammatic cross-section of the positions Fig. 5 rigid metal cylinder of the present invention;
The vertical view of the positions Fig. 6 rigid metal cylinder of the present invention.
In figure:1-hydraulic hand-pump;2-oil inlet pipes;3-oil return pipes;4-hydraulic cylinders;5-manual control valves; 6-hydralic pressure gauges;7-racks;8-front and back backplates;9-pedestals;10-spring pedestals;11-rigid metal columns;12-compression bullets Spring;13-rigid sleeves;14-rigid metal sheets;15- location holes;Two position and four-way reversing valves of 16-.
Specific implementation mode:
Further explanation is done to the present invention below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, a kind of strata movement model rack loading device of the invention, including pedestal 9, pedestal 9 are equipped with Rack 7, rack 7 or so are equipped with front and back backplate 8, and the cavity of opened upper end is formed between pedestal 9, rack 7 and front and back backplate 8, empty Intracavitary setting simulation rock stratum, 7 top of rack is equipped with hydraulic cylinder 4.Strata movement model rack loading device further includes hand-hydraulic Pump 1, manual control valve 5, hydralic pressure gauge 6, spring pedestal 10 and rigid metal column 11, hydraulic hand-pump 1 are equipped with oil inlet pipe 2 and return Oil pipe 3, oil inlet pipe 2 are connected with the oil inlet of two position and four-way reversing valves 16, the oil return opening of oil return pipe 3 and two position and four-way reversing valves 16 Be connected, the rodless cavity of hydraulic cylinder 4 is connected with the actuator port one of two position and four-way reversing valves 16, the rod chamber of hydraulic cylinder 4 and The actuator port two of two position and four-way reversing valves 16 is connected, in the work of the rodless cavity and two position and four-way reversing valves 16 of hydraulic cylinder 4 The connected pipeline of hydraulic fluid port one is equipped with manual control valve 5 and hydralic pressure gauge 6, and the underpart of the piston rod of hydraulic cylinder 4 is equipped with rigidity gold Belong to column 11, spring pedestal 10 is equipped in Imitating rock stratum upper surface position corresponding with rigid metal column 11.
As shown in Fig. 3 to 6,11 end of rigid metal column is determined equipped with what the piston rod for applying 4 with hydraulic cylinder matched Position hole, the spring pedestal 10 include compressed spring 12, rigid sleeve 13 and rigid metal sheet 14,13 internal diameter of rigid sleeve with just Property 11 outer diameter of metal column matches, and in 13 lower weld rigid metal iron plate 14 of rigid sleeve, compressed spring 12 is placed in rigid enclosure In cylinder 13.
The experimental method of root strata movement model rack loading device mentioned above, includes the following steps:
A, it is laid with analog material in cavity, and displacement meter is installed, waits for that analog material dries, forms simulation rock stratum;
B, the piston rod of hydraulic cylinder 4 is connect with rigid metal column 11, spring pedestal 10 is placed in each rigidity gold Belong to the underface of column 11;
C, load is proceeded by, manual control valve 5 is opened, manually controls hydraulic hand-pump 1, make hydraulic oil through oil inlet pipe 2 enter the rodless cavity of hydraulic cylinders 4, the piston rod of hydraulic cylinder 4 stretch out and by rigid metal column 11 and spring pedestal 10 to Lower extrusion simulation rock stratum, simulates the dead weight of overlying rock, hydralic pressure gauge is observed in loading procedure, makes the display of hydralic pressure gauge 6 to setting Pressure reading, then be closed manual control valve 5, stopping manually control hydraulic hand-pump 1;
D, front and back backplate 8 is removed, roadway excavation is simulated, in digging process, it may appear that rigid metal column 11 and spring bottom The reduction of power between seat 10, it should be noted that careful observation opens hand when pressure reading of the reading of hydralic pressure gauge 6 less than setting Dynamic control valve 5, opens hydraulic hand-pump 1, by 2 oil inlet of oil inlet pipe, the reading of hydralic pressure gauge 6 is made to restore to original setting to read Number;
F, the displacement of the entire simulation rock stratum of record, observation experiment simulate being caving for rock stratum in the process;
G, after experiment, two position and four-way reversing valves 16 commutate, the rodless cavity of hydraulic cylinder 4 and two position and four-way reversing valves 16 Actuator port two be connected, the rod chamber of hydraulic cylinder 4 is connected with the actuator port one of two position and four-way reversing valves 16, unlatching manually Control valve 5 opens hydraulic hand-pump 1, and hydraulic oil is made to enter the rod chamber of hydraulic cylinder 4 through oil inlet pipe 2, and hydraulic cylinder applies 4 Piston rod retraction, spring pedestal 10 and rigid metal column 11 are removed.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of strata movement model rack loading device, including pedestal (9), pedestal (9) is equipped with rack (7), rack (7) left and right Equipped with front and back backplate (8), the cavity of opened upper end is formed between pedestal (9), rack (7) and front and back backplate (8), is arranged in cavity Rock stratum is simulated, rack (7) top is equipped with hydraulic cylinder (4);It is characterized in that:Further include that hydraulic hand-pump (1), two four-ways change To valve (16), manual control valve (5), hydralic pressure gauge (6), spring pedestal (10), rigid metal column (11), hydraulic hand-pump (1) Equipped with oil inlet pipe (2) and oil return pipe (3), oil inlet pipe (2) is connected with the oil inlet of two position and four-way reversing valves (16), oil return pipe (3) It is connected with the oil return opening of two position and four-way reversing valves (16), the work of the rodless cavity and two position and four-way reversing valves (16) of hydraulic cylinder (4) Make hydraulic fluid port one to be connected, the rod chamber of hydraulic cylinder (4) is connected with the actuator port two of two position and four-way reversing valves (16), in hydraulic oil The pipeline that the rodless cavity of cylinder (4) is connected with the actuator port one of two position and four-way reversing valves (16) is equipped with manual control valve (5) With hydralic pressure gauge (6), the underpart of the piston rod of hydraulic cylinder (4) is equipped with rigid metal column (11), in the simulation rock stratum upper surface and Rigid metal column (11) corresponding position is equipped with spring pedestal (10).
2. a kind of strata movement model rack loading device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The rigid metal column (11) end is equipped with the location hole (15) to match with the piston rod of hydraulic cylinder (4).
3. a kind of strata movement model rack loading device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The spring pedestal (10) include compressed spring (12), rigid sleeve (13) and rigid metal sheet (14), rigid sleeve (13) internal diameter and rigid metal Column (11) outer diameter matches, and in rigid sleeve (13) lower weld rigid metal sheet (14), compressed spring (12) is placed in rigid enclosure In cylinder (13).
4. the experimental method of strata movement model rack loading device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that including following step Suddenly:
A, it is laid with analog material in cavity, and displacement meter is installed, waits for that analog material dries, forms simulation rock stratum;
B, the piston rod of hydraulic cylinder (4) is connect with rigid metal column (11), spring pedestal (10) is placed in each rigidity The underface of metal column (11);
C, load is proceeded by, manual control valve (5) is opened, manually controls hydraulic hand-pump (1), make hydraulic oil through oil inlet pipe (2) enter the rodless cavity of hydraulic cylinder (4), the piston rod that hydraulic cylinder applies (4) stretches out and by rigid metal column (11) and bullet Spring pedestal (10) is pressed down against simulation rock stratum, simulates the dead weight of overlying rock, hydralic pressure gauge is observed in loading procedure, make hydralic pressure gauge (6) then display is closed manual control valve (5) to the pressure reading of setting, and stopping manually controls hydraulic hand-pump (1);
D, front and back backplate (8) is removed, roadway excavation is simulated, in digging process, when the reading of hydralic pressure gauge (6) is less than the pressure set When power is read, manual control valve (5) is opened, open hydraulic hand-pump (1) makes hydralic pressure gauge (6) by oil inlet pipe (2) oil inlet Reading restore to original setting reading;
F, the displacement of the entire simulation rock stratum of record, observation experiment simulate being caving for rock stratum in the process;
G, after experiment, two position and four-way reversing valves (16) commutation, the rodless cavity and two position and four-way reversing valves of hydraulic cylinder (4) (16) actuator port two is connected, and the rod chamber of hydraulic cylinder (4) is connected with the actuator port one of two position and four-way reversing valves (16), Manual control valve (5) is opened, hydraulic hand-pump (1) is opened, hydraulic oil is made to enter having for hydraulic cylinder (4) through oil inlet pipe (2) Rod cavity, hydraulic cylinder apply the piston rod retraction of (4), spring pedestal (10) and rigid metal column (11) are removed.
CN201610229010.1A 2016-04-13 2016-04-13 Rock stratum moving model frame loading device and experimental method Active CN105716951B (en)

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CN108007781B (en) * 2017-11-17 2020-05-22 山东科技大学 Dynamic and static combined load roadway support body mechanical simulation test system and method thereof
CN109298158A (en) * 2018-08-13 2019-02-01 宿州学院 Sound loads mutative scale similarity model test and more Dynamic Changes Analysis systems

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