CN1056965A - Three-phase field-controlled bridge-type dc-to-ac converter - Google Patents
Three-phase field-controlled bridge-type dc-to-ac converter Download PDFInfo
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- CN1056965A CN1056965A CN 90104089 CN90104089A CN1056965A CN 1056965 A CN1056965 A CN 1056965A CN 90104089 CN90104089 CN 90104089 CN 90104089 A CN90104089 A CN 90104089A CN 1056965 A CN1056965 A CN 1056965A
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Abstract
The present invention is a kind of high efficiency simple and easy three phase inverter, and main circuit is only used six device for power switching, or only uses a high-power hybrid integrated circuit, and control circuit uses better simply ring distributor.This inverter can be exported the frequency up to the hundreds of kilocycle, can be used for driving various rotating speeds, particularly high-speed three-phase asynchronous electric machine.
Description
The present invention is relevant with the alternating current machine drive technology with the electric power Semiconductor Converting Technology.
Occasion in some direct current supplys, as various motor vehicles, train, automobile electric fan etc., all generally adopt the direct current machine transmission to satisfy, use the various high speed electric instruments and the equipment of 50 all single-phase alternating currents, and used 400 weeks, the 500 all convertors of the navigator of aircraft and boats and ships, also all use the direct current machine of commutator and brush to drag.The commutator of direct current machine and brush must often be safeguarded the failure rate height.Single-phase inverter of the prior art and single-phase AC motor efficient are low, the single-phase motor of small-power particularly, and efficient and power factor are all much lower than three phase alternating current motor, and volume, weight are all bigger.The volume of three phase alternating current motor, weight ratio direct current machine and load motor are all little, the reliability height, and maintenance workload is very little.Yet, three phase inverter of the prior art, except that volume, weight greatly, main circuit structure and control circuit are all very complicated, as: the subsidy circuit that three-phase thyristor (SCR) inverter, main circuit need a collection of high power capacity and inductance to form six thyristors of shutoff forces cutoff thyristor.And the loss in forcing turn off process is big, makes inverter noise height, and efficient is low, and heating is serious, and overload capacity is very low, and price is very expensive.Particularly battery-powered small-power occasion, problem is more outstanding.
The objective of the invention is to, provide a kind of circuit simple and reliable, than existing three-phase inverter system inversion efficiency height, and microminiaturized three-phase inverter with low cost.
Technology of the present invention constitutes sees that Fig. 1, Fig. 1 are the main loop circuit of three-phase field-controlled bridge-type dc-to-ac converter and the gate driver circuit of six field control power switchs.By battery pack E1, E2, E3, P channel power MOS field effect transistor (1), (3), (5), N channel power MOS field effect transistor (2), (4), (6), NPN triode G1 to G6, and the resistance about six 1K constitutes.When the pulse voltage very high (more than 500 volts) that needs three-phase field-controlled bridge-type dc-to-ac converter output or power when big (more than the 5KW), need six fields control power switch MOSFET(1) to (6), with SIT, the replacement of SITH field control device for power switching.Six NPN triodes here are as the switch that applies electric field to field control device for power switching.The base stage K1 to K6 of six triodes with six mutually six outputs of cycle pulse distributor join, when using six phases six to clap cycle pulse distributors, the forward square-wave pulse signal of 120 ° of electrical degrees is provided to six triode G1 to G6, (G1), (G2) → (G2), (G3) → (G3), (G4) → (G4), (G5) → (G5), (G6) → (G6), (G1) make it just have a triode conducting and another triode to end every 60 ° of electrical degrees chronologically.Use six 12 to clap when encircling distributor mutually, the forward square-wave pulse signal of 150 ° of electrical degrees is provided to six triodes (G1 to G6), chronologically (G1), (G2) → (G1), (G2), (G3) → (G2), (G3) → ... → (G6), the order of (G1) → (G6), (G1), (G2), every 30 ° of electrical degrees, there are a triode conducting or a triode to end.The ring distributor integrated package that six phase loop pulse signal distributors can be used with various stepping motors, also available various gate circuits are formed the discrete ring distributors.Certainly, when adopting Single-chip Controlling, just no longer needed ring distributor.
When this three-phase field-controlled bridge-type dc-to-ac converter and the supporting use of three-phase permanent rotor electric machine, must use six NPN triode G1 to G6 that use as signaling switch instead six Hall switch integrated packages.The various hall ics of selling on the market, volume is all very little, generally has only 0.05-0.08CM
3So, be glued to the position of the nearly rotor magnetic pole of a termination of three-phase motor with permanent magnets stator core easily, or be arranged on and can experience p-m rotor polarity, detect on the position of rotor magnetic pole angle.
Field control device for power switching (1), (3), (5), be subjected to the low level conducting control of (being switched on three grids) Hall switch chip output, (2), (4), (6) are subjected to (being switched on three grids) Hall switch integrated package high level conducting control, at this moment need 1K resistance R 2, R4, R6 are connected in series between grid and the positive 11 volts signal power source.
Half-bridge on the three-phase field control switch bridge is the common source switching circuit that is made of three P channel power MOS field effect transistor (1), (3), (5), and source electrode connects direct-flow positive pole.The common source switching circuit that following half-bridge is made of three N channel power MOS field effect transistor (2), (4), (6), source electrode connects the direct current negative pole.Logical signal by six phase ring distributors, or the gate driver circuit of six phase logic signals of single-chip microcomputer output and last each field ring shift switch pipe of half-bridge, control respectively and A, B, (1) that C three phase windings join, (3), (5) drain electrode of pipe, the forward square voltage pulse (7) of 120 ° or 150 ° electrical degrees is provided to three phase electric machine winding (or three-phase transformer winding), pass through the gate driver circuit of each control power switch of half-bridge down again, control respectively and A, B, (2) that C three phase windings join, (4), (6) drain electrode of pipe provides the reverse square voltage pulse (8) of (than the every phase positive voltage pulse 180 ° of electrical degrees that lag behind) 120 ° or 150 ° of electrical degrees to three phase windings.
Because the inductance characteristic of threephase motor (or three-phase transformer) winding, and the existence of MOS field effect tube reverse-conducting characteristic, cause the current waveform that flows through three phase windings to become the waveform of this near sinusoidal ripple of Fig. 2 (9), add the flat ripple effect of motor three phase winding resultant magnetic fields and cage rotor inductance, the motor stator rotating magnetic field is near average rate.Use the motor of this power supply, also higher than the efficient of using three-phase 50 all electric mains, through test with same interconnected cage motor, proved this point, this is because in 50 all work frequency circuits, there are rectifier and iron core reactor etc. non-, make current waveform produce bigger distortion and cause around the property element.
MOS field effect tube, it is a kind of majority carrier field controller, it has the reverse-conducting characteristic again, this is equivalent to a PN junction diode, and when reverse-conducting, have the on state resistance that is several times lower than than general PN junction diode, therefore, the low pressure drop loss and the effect of fast recovery rectifier are arranged.
In three phase windings, 0 ° of-90 ° of waveform of every phase current reactance of setting up magnetic field by motor windings that circumnutates causes, 90 °-180 wavy curves are caused by the reverse afterflow by another (forward is not opened) control power switch of brachium pontis of the degaussing electromotive force of every phase winding, afterflow is transferred to 0 ° of-60 ° of energy of locating triangle area (10) on 120 ° of-180 ° of triangle areas of locating (11).Because the switch bridge can pass through the reverse natural conducting with another device for power switching of arm, finishes the afterflow that is turned off a phase, stator winding can not produce to make and turn-off the breakdown degaussing peak voltage of device.Therefore, each power switch in the switch bridge has not just needed to be provided with fly-wheel diode and protection electric capacity again.
Advantage of the present invention is:
One, the reverse energy of employing conducting, and on state resistance is made the converter main circuit power switch than little several-fold the control device for power switching of general-purpose diode, can reduce voltage loss, the raising inversion efficiency.
Two, adopt oppositely can conducting field control power device, the circuit power switch of deciding, the quantity of minimizing main circuit power device that can be at double, the inverter reliability improves, cost reduces thereby make, and also makes the inverter miniaturization simultaneously.
Three, adopt a control majority carrier power device, can make the alternation device of the switching frequency of inverter than bipolar transistor or turn-off thyristor composition, switching frequency is more than high ten times, therefore, can increase substantially multipole number, the rotating speed and the efficient of big torque three phase alternating current motor can make various plant equipment, electric equipment lightweight and microminiaturization.
Four, the VMOS field effect transistor (MOSFET) of equal-wattage and equal in quality, price has only about 1/3rd of turn-off thyristor (GTO), if use the high-power combination field effect integrated circuit of CD and TR series, or during MOSFET multiple tube series power device, its price has only 1/10th of GTO, and three-phase field-controlled alternation device cost is descended.Because the volume and weight of oscillator and ring distributor is negligible concerning whole alternation device, when adopting high-power combination field effect integrated circuit, the volume of alternation device also can further reduce.
Five, this control three-phase bridge alternation device can variable speed drives one, or a plurality of three-phase squirrel cage motor, also can directly drive the p-m rotor high-efficiency electric motor of different rotating speeds.
Six, because the production technology of VMOS field effect transistor is simple, product price is cheap, does not have the second breakdown problem, an easier again parallel connection, therefore, can be with power switch derate use significantly, with the high efficiency (reaching 97%) of assurance inverter and high overload capacity (15 times), and high reliability.
Accompanying drawing 1 is three-phase field-controlled bridge-type alternation device main circuit and power switch pipe gate driver circuit figure.Among the figure, (1), (3), (5) are P channel power MOS field effect transistor, or field controlled thyristor SIT, (2), (4), (6) are N channel power MOS field effect transistor, or field controlled thyristor SIT, G1, G2, G3, G4, G5, G6 are the NPN triode, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6 are 1K resistance, E1, E2, E3 are battery pack, K1, K2, K3, K4, K5, K6, respectively with six mutually annular signal distributors, or six logical signal outputs of single-chip microcomputer join, and A, B, C connect the head end of threephase motor star winding.
Be this alternation device optimum implementation below;
With one by three P raceway grooves and three high-power combination field effect integrated circuit TRFT001 or TRFT002 that the N raceway groove is formed, press six power switch gate driver circuits among Fig. 1, mix six 1K resistance and six NPN triodes, form three N channel power switches in the power field effect integrated circuit and six gate driver circuits of three P channel power switches, again with the base stage K1 to K6 of six NPN triodes and an output six mutually six outputs of 8 single-chip microcomputers of 12 bat square-wave pulse signals be connected.The collector electrode of G1, G3, G5 is connected with the grid of three P channel power switches (1), (3), (5), and the emitter of G2, G4, G6 is connected with the grid of three N channel power switches (2), (4), (6).Six NPN triodes are controlled by the square-wave pulse of single-chip microcomputer output, make it be operated on off state.The DC side of inverter can link with storage battery, also can connect with three-phase or single-phase rectifier.AC side can directly connect with three phase alternating current motor, also can connect with three-phase transformer.
Because the component number of this three-phase field-controlled inverter of composition is seldom, the sum of its solder joint also reduces greatly, thus the reliability of effectively raising.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of three-phase field-controlled bridge-type dc-to-ac converter, by logic trigger circuit, power switch driver circuit, the switch bridge, radiator and housing are formed, the invention is characterized in, the three-phase field control switch bridge is by three P channel power MOS field effect transistor (1), (3), (5), form the common source switching circuit that connects direct-flow positive pole, by (1), (3), (5) drain electrode of pipe, the forward square voltage pulse of 120 ° or 150 ° electrical degrees is provided to three phase windings respectively, again by three N channel power MOS field effect transistor (2), (4), (6) form the common source switching circuit that connects the direct current negative pole, by (2), (4), the drain electrode of (6) three pipes, provide than positive pulse 180 ° the square voltage pulse of reverse 120 ° or 150 ° electrical degrees that lags behind to three phase windings respectively, and have one six six to clap or six 12 controllers of clapping mutually mutually.
By the inverter of claim 1 regulation, it is characterized in that 2, six the field control power switchs (1) to (6) in the three-phase field control switch bridge adopt SIT, SITH field control device for power switching.
3, by claim 1 or 2 inverters of stipulating, it is characterized in that the three-phase field control switch bridge provides the square wave generating positive and negative voltage pulse of 150 ° of electrical degrees to three phase electric machine or three-phase transformer winding, be 12 to clap ring distributor mutually, or export the Single-chip Controlling that six phases 12 are clapped pulse signals by one by one six.
4, press claim 1 or 2 inverters of stipulating, it is characterized in that, by the single-chip microcomputer of an output six phases six bat square-wave pulse signals, or one six phase six bat loop pulse signal distributors, six fields control power switchs in the three-phase field control switch bridge are controlled.
5, the inverter of stipulating by claim 1, it is characterized in that, the gate drive voltage of last half-bridge (1), (3), (5) three power switch pipes, by than 11 ± 3 volts of the anodal roots of inverter direct-current power supply, 11 volts driven preferably, the gate drive voltage of following half-bridge (2), (4), (6) three pipes, by higher 11 ± 3 volts than inverter power supply negative pole, 11 volts driven preferably.
By the inverter of claim 1 or 2 regulations, it is characterized in that 6, six the field control power switchs (1) in the three-phase field control switch bridge are to (6), by the square wave pulse voltage signal controlling of six Hall switch circuit outputs.
7, by the inverter of claim 1 regulation, it is characterized in that the gate driving of three N raceway grooves and three P raceway grooves be by the resistance about 1K and an electronic switch entirely, or a Hall switch circuit is finished.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90104089 CN1056965A (en) | 1990-05-31 | 1990-05-31 | Three-phase field-controlled bridge-type dc-to-ac converter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90104089 CN1056965A (en) | 1990-05-31 | 1990-05-31 | Three-phase field-controlled bridge-type dc-to-ac converter |
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| CN1056965A true CN1056965A (en) | 1991-12-11 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN 90104089 Pending CN1056965A (en) | 1990-05-31 | 1990-05-31 | Three-phase field-controlled bridge-type dc-to-ac converter |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100394689C (en) * | 2002-12-12 | 2008-06-11 | 立錡科技股份有限公司 | Two-phase H-shaped bridge driver circuit and method |
| CN100428620C (en) * | 2006-10-13 | 2008-10-22 | 清华大学 | Vehicle electric booster steering system controller |
| CN101599714B (en) * | 2008-06-07 | 2012-01-25 | 王文安 | Efficient general inverter |
| CN109029239A (en) * | 2017-06-12 | 2018-12-18 | 英飞凌科技股份有限公司 | The angular transducer bridge of magnetoresistive element including star-like connection |
-
1990
- 1990-05-31 CN CN 90104089 patent/CN1056965A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100394689C (en) * | 2002-12-12 | 2008-06-11 | 立錡科技股份有限公司 | Two-phase H-shaped bridge driver circuit and method |
| CN100428620C (en) * | 2006-10-13 | 2008-10-22 | 清华大学 | Vehicle electric booster steering system controller |
| CN101599714B (en) * | 2008-06-07 | 2012-01-25 | 王文安 | Efficient general inverter |
| CN109029239A (en) * | 2017-06-12 | 2018-12-18 | 英飞凌科技股份有限公司 | The angular transducer bridge of magnetoresistive element including star-like connection |
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