CN105684826A - Method applicable to saline-alkali soil planting afforestation - Google Patents
Method applicable to saline-alkali soil planting afforestation Download PDFInfo
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- CN105684826A CN105684826A CN201610061118.4A CN201610061118A CN105684826A CN 105684826 A CN105684826 A CN 105684826A CN 201610061118 A CN201610061118 A CN 201610061118A CN 105684826 A CN105684826 A CN 105684826A
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- soda soil
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G23/00—Forestry
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/40—Afforestation or reforestation
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method applicable to saline-alkali soil planting afforestation. The method comprises the steps that a piece of saline-alkali soil for planting afforestation is divided into a plurality of parcels of rice field, and the altitude difference of the parcels of rice field is controlled within the preset altitude difference range; land leveling is performed on each parcel of rice field, the local fluctuation altitude height inside each parcel of rice field is controlled within a preset fluctuation altitude difference range, and drainage ditches are dug at preset intervals; straw is adopted for covering each parcel of rice field; a tree pit is dug inside each parcel of rice field, and then a salt isolation layer of the preset thickness is laid inside each tree pit; sapling seedlings are planted into the tree pits, and the tree pits are filled with soil. Land leveling is performed on each parcel of rice field, and direct surface runoff can be reduced, so that rainfall is subjected to relative infiltration and salt-leaching; the straw is adopted for covering the parcels of rice field, so that soil water evaporation can be greatly reduced, the surface runoff of rainwater can be greatly reduced, and it is ensured that rainwater is subjected to uniform downward leaching along the soil profile; the salt isolation layers are laid inside the tree pits, the sapling seedling rhizosphere soil salt content can be effectively lowered, and tree seedling growth is facilitated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to afforestation technical field, refer in particular to a kind of method suitable in salt-soda soil plantation greening。
Background technology
The each provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions of China coast there are about the oceanfront of 1.8 ten thousand km and island are littoral, and widely distributed various marine solonchaks, the gross area is up to 5 × 106hm2, mainly include some areas of the province regions following the line of the sea such as the Zhejiang on the south the alluvial plain, beach of the provinces such as the Shandong of North of Yangtze River, Hebei, Liaoning and Along North Jiangsu and the Changjiang river, Fujian, Guangdong。Deposits in Eastern Coastal China regional economy is flourishing, but afforestation rate is relatively low。The greening of beach saline-alkali ground is the potentiality place in Deposits in Eastern Coastal China area, how to improve east China area afforestation rate, plays the effect of forest to greatest extent, improves region environment and become hot issue。
Saline land greening is a global problem, professional very strong。Just there is the common saying of " spring plants, and summer is yellow, and autumn is dead, and the coming year digs the pool again " Littoral Jiangsu Province。Salt adverse circumstance and seasonal drought are the key constraints affecting Coastal beach saline land greening, and in existing saline-alkali soil greening technology, the greening of Coastal beach includes 2 critical aspects: beach salt reduction and salt tolerant seeds。In salt reduction, what beach greening was heavily applied more has soil moved in improve the original, plant pit sealing coat, the fresh water desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching etc.。Wherein, soil moved in improve the original cost is high, and soil moved in improve the original raises ground, the soil removal and replacement measure of big cave ensure that beach afforestation effect, beach cost of forestation is but significantly increased, and damages periphery farmland；Laying sealing coat bottom plant pit, material therefor includes boiler ash sediment, wheat bran, sawdust, bark, horsehit, blinding, cobble, Caulis et Folium Oryzae etc., and sealing coat can block anastatic water to a certain extent, thus avoiding salinity in the gathering of rhizosphere；The fresh water desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching is the salinity utilizing fresh water to dissolve in soil, by under being oozed and be discharged in deep soil or drip washing is gone out saline and alkaline for the solubility in topsoil, infiltration gutter, side is got rid of。By desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching 2-3 time, each water consumption 80-100m3Measuring and calculating, total water consumption reaches 200-300m3。The fresh water desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching had both expended substantial amounts of high-quality water resource, increases again drainage system amount and draining difficulty, increases maintenance cost。In short supply in view of China's water resource, and some saline-alkali soil greening technology measures investment is bigger, it is difficult to large scale application。
Summary of the invention
Because the problems referred to above, the invention provides a kind of method suitable in salt-soda soil plantation greening, including:
The salt-soda soil being used for planting greening is divided into multiple field, the highness change of multiple described fields is preset within the scope of the discrepancy in elevation one；
Each described field is carried out prepartion of land, the local relief highness change in each described field is preset within the scope of the fluctuating discrepancy in elevation one, and excavate gutter every a predeterminable range；
Adopt improving straw mulching in each described field；
In each described field excavate plant pit, then lay in described plant pit a preset thickness every salt deposit；
Seedling is planted in described plant pit, more described plant pit is banketed。
The present invention be applicable to salt-soda soil plantation greening method, by carrying out smooth to each field soil, rainwash can be reduced so that precipitation can relatively uniform under ooze the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching；Adopt improving straw mulching field that the evaporation of soil moisture both can be greatly lowered, rainwater when heavy rain (especially the heavy rain) runoff on earth's surface can be greatly reduced again, it is ensured that rainwater is along soil profile uniformly leaching downwards；That lays in plant pit can block anastatic water every salt deposit, effectively reduces the salinity of seedling rhizosphere soil, contributes to seeds growth。
The present invention is applicable to the further improvements in methods of salt-soda soil plantation greening and is in that, when planting described seedling, applies water-retaining agent and AM root fungus simultaneously。
The present invention is applicable to the further improvements in methods of salt-soda soil plantation greening and is in that, described water-retaining agent is hydrogel or dry granule, and the dosage that applies of described dry granule accounts for 1 ‰～the 3 ‰ of backfill soil。
The present invention is applicable to the further improvements in methods of salt-soda soil plantation greening and is in that, within the scope of the salt-soda soil of every 50 mu, the described default discrepancy in elevation ranges for 0～50cm, and the described default fluctuating discrepancy in elevation ranges for 0～15cm, and described predeterminable range is 5m～7m。
The present invention is applicable to the further improvements in methods of salt-soda soil plantation greening and is in that, the straw of wheat crop sized by described straw, overlay capacity is 1kg/m2～5kg/m2。
The present invention is applicable to the further improvements in methods of salt-soda soil plantation greening and is in that, the period covering described straw is 4～May before rainy season set。
The present invention is applicable to the further improvements in methods of salt-soda soil plantation greening and is in that, described preset thickness is 5cm～15cm。
The present invention is applicable to the further improvements in methods of salt-soda soil plantation greening and is in that, the kind of described seedling is middle mountain China fir, mulberry, Hibiscus hamabo or Folium seu Cortex Nerii。
The present invention be applicable to salt-soda soil plantation greening further improvements in methods be in that, described every salt deposit be broken grass or rice husk。
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet that the present invention is applicable to the method for salt-soda soil plantation greening。
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated。Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention。
Coordinating referring to shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet that the present invention is applicable to the method for salt-soda soil plantation greening。The present invention is applicable to the method for salt-soda soil plantation greening, including:
Step S101: the salt-soda soil being used for planting greening is divided into multiple field, the highness change of multiple described fields is preset within the scope of the discrepancy in elevation one。Preferably, salt-soda soil arranges soil according to afforestation designing requirement, and within the scope of the salt-soda soil of every 50 mu, the described default discrepancy in elevation ranges for 0～50cm。
Step S102: each described field is carried out prepartion of land, the local relief highness change in each described field is preset within the scope of the fluctuating discrepancy in elevation one, and excavate gutter every a predeterminable range。Preferably, the layout of escape canal is according to afforestation designing requirement, and the described default fluctuating discrepancy in elevation ranges for 0～15cm, and described predeterminable range is 5m～7m, it is therefore preferable to 6m。By prepartion of land, rainwash can be reduced so that precipitation can relatively uniform under ooze the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching。
Step S103: adopt improving straw mulching in each described field。The cycle of salt-soda soil nature desalination is long, and main cause is that " ratio drops in steaming " (i.e. water evaporation quantity and the ratio of rainfall in the unit interval) is high, and the steaming in general salt-soda soil drops ratio for 1.31～2.30, average out to 1.545。Improving straw mulching both can be greatly lowered the evaporation of soil moisture, can greatly reduce again rainwater when heavy rain (especially the heavy rain) runoff on earth's surface, it is ensured that rainwater is along soil profile uniformly leaching downwards。Covering straw used to be advisable with the straw of the crops such as barley and wheat, overlay capacity is determined according to factors such as soil salt contents, with 1kg/m2～5kg/m2Better, i.e. 10t/hm2～50t/hm2。It is typically in completing improving straw mulching work 4～May before rainy season set best。
Step S104: in each described field excavate plant pit, then lay in described plant pit a preset thickness every salt deposit。Preferably, described is broken grass or rice husk every salt deposit, and described preset thickness is 5cm～15cm。It is highly preferred that described preset thickness is 10cm。
Step S105: seedling is planted in described plant pit, more described plant pit is banketed。Preferably, when planting described seedling, apply water-retaining agent and AM root fungus (ArbuscularMycorrhizae, arbuscular mycorrhiza) simultaneously。Owing to seasonal drought has had a strong impact on the effect of beach greening, can applying water-retaining agent when planting trees, application dosage can be determined according to factors such as the age of tree, plant pit, backfill soil, both can use hydrogel, it is possible to use dry granule。As used dry granule, the dosage that applies of dry granule accounts for 1 ‰～3 ‰ enforcements of backfill soil by water-retaining agent。Use AM mycorhiza simultaneously, accelerate the growth of root system, be conducive to setting up powerful root system, resist bad environment-stress and pest and disease damage, promote seeds healthy growth。Salt-soda soil salinity is high, rainwater is many, and the kind of described seedling may select seeds waterlogging, that salt resistance ability is stronger, it is therefore preferable to middle mountain China fir, mulberry, Hibiscus hamabo or Folium seu Cortex Nerii etc.。
The present invention be applicable to salt-soda soil plantation greening method, by carrying out smooth to each field soil, rainwash can be reduced so that precipitation can relatively uniform under ooze the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching；Adopt improving straw mulching field that the evaporation of soil moisture both can be greatly lowered, rainwater when heavy rain (especially the heavy rain) runoff on earth's surface can be greatly reduced again, it is ensured that rainwater is along soil profile uniformly leaching downwards；That lays in plant pit can block anastatic water every salt deposit, effectively reduces the salinity of seedling rhizosphere soil, contributes to seeds growth。
The method adopting the present invention to be applicable to salt-soda soil plantation greening, implements improving straw mulching salt reduction at the sand strongly salined soil of about 10g/kg respectively, and effect is obvious。0-10cm, 10-20cm, 20-40cm, 40-60cm, 60-80cm, 80-100cm electrical conductivity EC after improving straw mulching on the solonchak of 15g/kg1:5Respectively 0.13ms/cm (milli Siemens per centimeter), 0.14ms/cm, 0.33ms/cm, 0.93ms/cm, 1.94ms/cm and 2.76ms/cm, and the solonchak of unlapped straw compare accordingly respectively 2.51ms/cm, 3.04ms/cm, 3.16ms/cm, 3.52ms/cm, 4.29ms/cm and 4.19ms/cm, salt rejection rate respectively 94.9%, 95.5%, 89.6%, 73.6%, 54.7% and 34.2%。Namely 0-40cm salinity is down to about 1 ‰, and 40-60cm salinity is down to 3 ‰, it is possible to meet the requirement of scale greening。By the method that the present invention is applicable to salt-soda soil plantation greening, beach scale afforestation effect being greatly improved, the surrival rate of afforestation reaches more than 85%。
The present invention is applicable to the method for salt-soda soil plantation greening, for tidal flat of Jiangsu Province, utilize the straw resource that Deposits in Eastern Coastal China area is abundant, and the feature that 6～August, rainfall was comparatively concentrated, integrated based on improving straw mulching, be preferably isolated the Coastal beach saline-alkali soil forestation greening technique system that layer, water-retaining agent and AM mycorhiza optimization formula match, having operating procedure simple, convenient, cost puts into the advantage relatively low, replicability is strong。Therefore, the present invention is applicable to the method for salt-soda soil plantation greening and can be widely applied to China's marine solonchak scale afforestation, to improve the forest cover amount of coastal area。
The above is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not the present invention is done any pro forma restriction, although the present invention is disclosed above with preferred embodiment, but it is not limited to the present invention, any those skilled in the art, without departing from the scope of technical solution of the present invention, when the technology contents of available the disclosure above makes a little change or is modified to the Equivalent embodiments of equivalent variations, in every case it is the content without departing from technical solution of the present invention, according to any simple modification that above example is made by the technical spirit of the present invention, equivalent variations and modification, all still fall within the scope of technical solution of the present invention。
Claims (9)
1. the method being applicable to salt-soda soil plantation greening, it is characterised in that including:
The salt-soda soil being used for planting greening is divided into multiple field, the highness change of multiple described fields is preset within the scope of the discrepancy in elevation one；
Each described field is carried out prepartion of land, the local relief highness change in each described field is preset within the scope of the fluctuating discrepancy in elevation one, and excavate gutter every a predeterminable range；
Adopt improving straw mulching in each described field；
In each described field excavate plant pit, then lay in described plant pit a preset thickness every salt deposit；
Seedling is planted in described plant pit, more described plant pit is banketed。
2. the method being applicable to salt-soda soil plantation greening as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that when planting described seedling, simultaneously apply water-retaining agent and AM root fungus。
3. the method being applicable to salt-soda soil plantation greening as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that described water-retaining agent is hydrogel or dry granule, the dosage that applies of described dry granule accounts for 1 ‰～the 3 ‰ of backfill soil。
4. the method being applicable to salt-soda soil plantation greening as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that within the scope of the salt-soda soil of every 50 mu, the described default discrepancy in elevation ranges for 0～50cm, and the described default fluctuating discrepancy in elevation ranges for 0～15cm, and described predeterminable range is 5m～7m。
5. the method being applicable to salt-soda soil plantation greening as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the straw of wheat crop sized by described straw, overlay capacity is 1kg/m2～5kg/m2。
6. the method being applicable to salt-soda soil plantation greening as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that the period covering described straw is 4～May before rainy season set。
7. the method being applicable to salt-soda soil plantation greening as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described preset thickness is 5cm～15cm。
8. the method being applicable to salt-soda soil plantation greening as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the kind of described seedling is middle mountain China fir, mulberry, Hibiscus hamabo or Folium seu Cortex Nerii。
9. the as claimed in claim 1 method being applicable to salt-soda soil plantation greening, it is characterised in that described every salt deposit be broken grass or rice husk。
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Cited By (6)
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| CN106068754A (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2016-11-09 | 河北省农林科学院滨海农业研究所 | The method of flour sand Muddy Bottoms strand tidal flat revegetation |
| CN106069531A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-11-09 | 深圳市东华园林股份有限公司 | Beach saline land seedling growth method |
| CN106171406A (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2016-12-07 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | The plantation of a kind of salt-soda soil and transplanting Hibiscus syriacus L. method |
| CN108934259A (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2018-12-07 | 苏州金螳螂园林绿化景观有限公司 | A kind of impaired method for recovering vegetation of saline-alkali wetland |
| CN109197349A (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2019-01-15 | 江苏省林业科学研究院 | A kind of heavy saline-alkali area at seashore raised fields method of forestation |
| CN111296157A (en) * | 2020-03-18 | 2020-06-19 | 山东胜伟盐碱地科技有限公司 | Method for improving fruit tree planting survival rate in saline-alkali soil and promoting garden uniformity |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106069531A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-11-09 | 深圳市东华园林股份有限公司 | Beach saline land seedling growth method |
| CN106171406A (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2016-12-07 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | The plantation of a kind of salt-soda soil and transplanting Hibiscus syriacus L. method |
| CN106068754A (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2016-11-09 | 河北省农林科学院滨海农业研究所 | The method of flour sand Muddy Bottoms strand tidal flat revegetation |
| CN108934259A (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2018-12-07 | 苏州金螳螂园林绿化景观有限公司 | A kind of impaired method for recovering vegetation of saline-alkali wetland |
| CN109197349A (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2019-01-15 | 江苏省林业科学研究院 | A kind of heavy saline-alkali area at seashore raised fields method of forestation |
| CN111296157A (en) * | 2020-03-18 | 2020-06-19 | 山东胜伟盐碱地科技有限公司 | Method for improving fruit tree planting survival rate in saline-alkali soil and promoting garden uniformity |
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Application publication date: 20160622 |