CN105660172B - A kind of method of extremely frigid zones sustainable high-yield wild cordyceps - Google Patents
A kind of method of extremely frigid zones sustainable high-yield wild cordyceps Download PDFInfo
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- CN105660172B CN105660172B CN201610013568.6A CN201610013568A CN105660172B CN 105660172 B CN105660172 B CN 105660172B CN 201610013568 A CN201610013568 A CN 201610013568A CN 105660172 B CN105660172 B CN 105660172B
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/60—Cultivation rooms; Equipment therefor
- A01G18/64—Cultivation containers; Lids therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
- Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of method of extremely frigid zones sustainable high-yield wild cordyceps.Using the advantageous weather conditions in cordyceps sinensis original producton location, since initial Vegetation Construction, water, electric facility are set up, protector is set up, to enrich the food resource of aweto host, the natural enemy of host is reduced.Worm sources, bacterium source are introduced, the wild cultivation of cordyceps sinensis is realized.The introduction of the worm sources, the method for throwing ovum using burrowing.The introduction of the bacterium source, by the way of fresh high-quality cordyceps sinensis is transplanted, makes worm, bacterium be grown according to natural function mode, infect into grass.The excavation of cordyceps sinensis rational and orderly is controlled simultaneously, maintains the sustainable development of cordyceps sinensis.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of extremely frigid zones sustainable high-yield wild cordyceps.
Background technology
Cordyceps sinensis has important medical value and economic value.Since 1980, disparities between supply and demand aggravation, cordyceps sinensis
Nearly thousand times of rise in price, but its resource reserves constantly reduces in decline, distribution.The expert of the Chinese Academy of Sciences is in Qinghai-Tibet
The cordyceps sinensis study base on plateau carries out discovery after observing for many years, and Qinghai-Tibet worm grass resources amount significantly subtracts compared with before 30 years
Few, the serious regions resources amount of partial destruction is less than 1~3% before 30 years.Early 1980s.Everyone is every in Kangding cordyceps sinensis producing region
It can adopt 40~60 plants, it is most it is daily adopt more than 160 strains, can in recent years extremely it is individual it is other can adopt more than 20 strains daily, majority are every
It can only adopt 3~5 plants, or even return with nothing.
Causing the main cause of this phenomenon includes：Predation formula excavates the normal procreation for jeopardizing cordyceps sinensis population, excessively
Herding causes Alpine meadow environmental degradation, and snow line, which rises, causes Cordyceps Resources distribution contraction etc..Annual one arrives cordyceps sinensis
Excavate season, hundreds thousand of " Wa Cao main forces " cause immeasurable destruction, life rubbish while excavating cordyceps sinensis to ecological environment
Rubbish leaves countless pit-holes everywhere, on meadow, and pit-hole is filled out back not in time, it is likely that cause the desertification and desertification of grassy marshland, the root of langdu,
The poisonous weeds such as dovetail orchid replace original plateau plant, and the Alpine meadow of annual therefore destruction is about 30~600,000 square metres.Adopt
Digging person has scooped away cordyceps sinensis, but leaves the ecological disastrous effect for being difficult to effect a radical cure, and on the one hand this destroyed Alpine meadow is no longer
The existence of suitable cordyceps sinensis and population colonization, on the other hand this destruction may cause the degeneration and desertification on full wafer grassland.Cross
Degree is herded the height for causing vegetation, cover degree and declined, malicious weeds ratio increase, is that the outburst of the populations such as Ochotona curzoniae and Myospalax baileyi is carried
Suitable habitats have been supplied, and then have accelerated meadow degradation.The situation very severe that Cordyceps Resources face.
To alleviate the serious situation that supply falls short of demand of Cordyceps Resources, growing environment of the researchers to cordyceps sinensis
Carried out for a long time and in-depth study with different growth phases, it is intended to increase the production of cordyceps sinensis by way of manpower intervention
Go out, there are the modes such as full cultivation, semi-wild cultivation and complete wild cultivation at present.
Full cultivation mainly has 7 key technologies：Aweto strain artificial breeding technology；Host of Cordyceps sinensis worm kind
Raising technology；Cordyceps sinensis artificial inoculation technique；Infect larva large-scale breeding technology；Host's larva disease prevention techniques；Sense
Contaminate the rigid technology of larva；Ossify larva fruiting-body inducement technology, if these technologies are divided into basic research, cultivation technology
Research, 3 stages of study on the industrialization, current 80% researcher stop research, or conversion direction in the first stage, a small number of
Unit enters second stage, and enterprise or the unit that can successfully complete the 3rd stage are even more few.
Because the growing environment of wild cordyceps is extremely special, the effect of manual simulation's wild environment is not good, some sections
Grind worker and attempt exploitation and cultivate the technology of semi-wild artificial aweto in Qinghai-xizang Plateau Region, Liu Xin, Gu are born etc. in patent Shen
A kind of production method of cordyceps sinensis please be provided in CN200610123383.7 and CN200610123968.9, in Qinghai-Tibet Platean
Modern greenhouse greenhouse is set up as hepialus genus captive field, when bat worm was developed to for 6~8 age, the dilution of artificial spraying's ascospore
Liquid inductance contaminates larva.This technology is needed to harvest a large amount of fresh cordyceps sinensis, and the ascospore of ejection is collected under given conditions.Separately
Outside because the bat moth larvae most of the time is, in underground activities, to need daily artificial spraying multiple to improve infection rate.Yin Dinghua
A kind of method of semi-wild artificial cultivation of cordyceps is provided Deng in patent application CN201210193338.4, using artificial
Hatch, artificial infection microbiological contamination, then larva is put and returned naturally, because preliminary stage grows under artificial environment, it is difficult to ensure that
Larva, which is put, to be returned from and then adapts to natural environment and survive.
In recent years, a small number of bad retailers are filled very, with bad fill excellent with puppet, and making the quality of in the market cordyceps sinensis, the good and bad jumbled together,
People's more letter is looked at from natural wild Chinese caterpillar fungus.Su Chengyu provides a kind of day in patent application CN201210173072.7
The method for increasing of right cordyceps sinensis, but strain comes for liquid fermentation, is infected by the way of artificial spray, obtains
Cordyceps sinensis is differed farther out with wild Chinese caterpillar fungus.Zhongshan University Liu Xin, Gu are born etc. in patent application CN200610123384.1
A kind of method for improving wild cordyceps is disclosed, but " the cordyceps sinensis grown naturally through bat suitable habitat is improved in method
The ascospore natural infection of ascocarp open top ejection forms entomogenous fungi " although mode it is completely natural,
Due to the cordyceps sinensis quantity wretched insufficiency that suitable habitat grows naturally, effect is well imagined.
The content of the invention
In view of this, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of side in extremely frigid zones sustainable high-yield wild cordyceps
Method, this method is intended to improve the natural environment in cordyceps sinensis original producton location, is allowed to be adapted to the procreation of cordyceps sinensis, ultimately forms one
The industrialized development of benign cycle, and produced by this method is real wild natural quality cordyceps sinensis.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides following technical scheme：
A kind of method in extremely frigid zones sustainable high-yield wild cordyceps is richly endowed by nature using cordyceps sinensis original producton location
Weather conditions, set up caterpillar fungus cultivation base in extremely frigid zones, since initial Vegetation Construction, set up water, electric facility, frame
Set up defences protection unit, to enrich the food resource of aweto host, reduce the natural enemy of host.Worm sources, bacterium source are introduced, the winter is realized
The wild cultivation of worm summer grass.The introduction of the worm sources, the method for throwing ovum using burrowing.The introduction of the bacterium source, it is new using transplanting
The mode of fresh high-quality cordyceps sinensis, makes worm, bacterium be grown according to natural function mode, infect into grass.The winter is controlled simultaneously
The grass rational and orderly excavation of worm summer, maintains the sustainable development of cordyceps sinensis.
The growth of cordyceps sinensis must is fulfilled for specific weather conditions, enough host insects, substantial amounts of Hirsutella sinensis
Bacterium source, abundant host's food resource and as far as possible few natural enemy destruction cordyceps sinensis growth.
Specific weather conditions：Cordyceps sinensis with being only distributed in Qinghai-xizang Plateau Region 3000~5000m of height above sea level Alpine meadow
Area, the host of Cordyceps sinensis insect of the weather conditions satisfaction of this area, the growth procreation of bacterium requires that the present invention selects Qinghai-Tibet height
Former 3000~5000m of height above sea level, with once having cultivation of the region that cordyceps sinensis grows as wild cordyceps.Some embodiments
In, select gentle slope, Schattenseite that the gradient is 15 degree or so to set up cultivation base.
The introducing of worm sources：Current fixed host of Cordyceps sinensis Hepialidae insect has kind more than 60, and research at present is compared
Many has little Jin bats, Yushu bat moth, such as bat, Hepialus gonggaensis, Hepialus kangdingensis Chu et Wang, Hepialus, Pu Shi bats, Baima bat
Moth, Hepialus lagii Yan, Hepialus oblifurcus Chu et Wang etc..The all one's life of bat moth will undergo 4 stages：Ovum, larva, pupa, adult, the ovum phase are relatively quiet
The stage of state, volume is minimum, and this 3 phase of larva, pupa, adult is active state, if delivered again after the completion of egg hatching certainly
In right boundary, damage is easily caused in transportation or dead, environment cataclysm has also easily triggered death, and cost is too high, is simultaneously
Make the cordyceps sinensis of output closest to wild state, the whole life process of host insect should all be completed in the wild, pass through applicant's length
The research of phase is found, is spread ovum using divot and is closest to natural mode, and thick grass is originated in just as bat dissipates ovum, though saving of labor saves
Power, but survival rate is relatively low, and ovum is easily by natural enemy predation or dead because exposing to the weather.By a large amount of creative works, the present invention is started
Go out a kind of burrow and throw the mode of ovum, in some embodiments, burrowed by mechanical means in divot (1~3cm of diameter, hole deep 5~
15cm), 5~10, ovum is thrown per hole, is uniformly burrowed 20~40 per square meter, is thrown after ovum with soil burial hole.Continuous throwing ovum 2~
It is 3 years, annual afterwards to throw host's larva quantity in observation soil of being sampled before the ovum time, if 1.5~3cm larvas in every square metre of soil
Quantity illustrate in base that bat moth has formed good natural cycle between 10~50, then, it is not necessary to artificially throw ovum.
The introducing of bacterium source：In order to improve the infection rate of Hepialus larva, at present more using the methods of artificial spray bacterium solution, a side
Face is because bat moth worm is lived under soil, and the probability for directly contacting bacterium solution is smaller；Bacterium is sprayed in vegetation or earth's surface to bacterium
Long-term surviving may adversely affect.The growth cycle of another aspect bat is especially long, generally 3~5 years, when sprays,
When infect, bad assurance most preferably infects opportunity, and infect efficiency can be had a strong impact on by missing.In nature, ascospore, point
Raw spore or mycelium, which kind of is that aweto most preferably infects form, and there is presently no clearly come to a conclusion.The present invention is by moving
Plant the fresh cordyceps sinensis in each place of production to increase bacterium source, allow aweto to go to grow and invade in the distinctive mode of its nature
Larva is contaminated, without artificial interference.
Annual 5~June is that cordyceps sinensis produces season, and the new cordyceps sinensis excavated out is chosen in cordyceps sinensis Genuine producing area,
It is required that polypide is larger, full, cursive script (stroma part) robust lossless wound, long 3-5cm, the ratio of stroma and polypide length is close to 1:
1, the cordyceps sinensis expanded is not developed on stroma top.In some embodiments, fresh cordyceps sinensis is loaded into ventilative ganoine packing box
Interior, with soft fresh rattan straw or like vegetable place mat and covering, one is to play buffer protection function, prevents that transport moderately gusty air from rocking pair
The damage of cordyceps sinensis, two are to provide the space environment of fresh wet, it is ensured that the transplanting survival rate of cordyceps sinensis.Every 30~50 plants
Cordyceps sinensis packs a box, is put into portable refrigerating box and fixes after packaging, Refrigerated Transport to destination.Pack, transported
Journey be must not exceed 2 days, and 5 day time is no more than to destination from excavating to transporting.
After fresh cordyceps sinensis is transported to, unpack immediately, be put in the environment of ventilation, ventilative, high humidity, dry in the air 1~2 hour.Take
It is used to educate cultivation after cordyceps sinensis place of production topsoil (more than 15cm) sterilizing, regulation soil moisture is to 45~55%, according to cultivation
Ground ambient conditions adjusts slightly lower humidity if ambient humidity is high, as ambient humidity is low, adjusts slightly higher humidity.Use above-mentioned soil
Fresh cordyceps sinensis polypide is partly embedded into degradable Seedling bag center, the height that stroma exposes earth's surface is 2~6cm,
Slightly it is compacted.Culture is transplanted to milpa after adapting to environment, restoration ecosystem within 2~3 days, and top sod is excavated in milpa with instrument
Cordyceps sinensis is educated into cultivation paper bag to be put into, edge is concordant with earth's surface on cultivating bag, and stroma part is still exposed in air, covers grass
Skin.Pour appropriate amount of water and be easy to turf demutation.
In some embodiments every square metre transplanting 4~8 plants of fresh cordyceps sinensis, continuous 2~3 years in the same time, with same
Density is transplanted.
The construction of vegetation：The few section that is distributed in host's larval feeding grassy marshland, Cuculidae, Saxifragaceae, pulse family, the rose family,
Tender tender shoots of the various plants such as Salicaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Liliaceae, Cyperaceae, grass family.Annual 6~July of the invention,
Cultivation base mixing mend plant few category bulbil it is few, circle fringe is few, headdress flower is few, the Yunnan long shoot of Rumex Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, Astragalus is yellow
The plants such as stilbene, the Dajianlu Radix Astragali, the Qinghai-Tibet ground cushion willow of Salix and slow flower pad willow.
Water, electric facility are set up, moisture needed for plant growth is ensured.Protector is set up, forbids local herdsman arbitrarily to pass in and out
Herd, ensure that vegetation is not destroyed, landfill rat hole, the laying physical method such as power network and the mousetrap eliminate in base grassland mouse etc. other
The harm of natural enemy.
Gradually there is cordyceps sinensis output after 1 year, harvested, in some embodiments, often put down with the principle for excavating not most
Square rice stays 2~4 plants, and every square metre is stayed 5~10 plants of cordyceps sinensis to provide bacterium source for offspring in other embodiments.Remaining worm summer in winter
Grass is harvested in time in stroma length to 3~5cm when spore is not distributed.Ecological environment in base is protected, vegetation density is maintained, to protect
Demonstrate,prove the enough food resources of larva.
Degradable Seedling bag of the present invention is made up of non-woven fabrics or paper, diameter 30mm, high 60mm, typically by commercially available
It can obtain, preferably the degradable Seedling bag of papery.Degradable nursery band cultivates benefit：Soil, which has sterilized, inside Seedling bag disappears
Poison, protects cordyceps sinensis not by insect pest, disease, can obstruct in external environment pest and disease damage after transplanting within a certain period of time to cordyceps sinensis
Invasion and attack；Adapted to simultaneously there is provided one and suitable humidity environment, it is ensured that transplanting survival rate.In addition, degradable Seedling bag is to ring
Border is friendly, is not required to separately take out.
From above technical scheme, any chemical reagent, described worm is not used when reducing host's natural enemy in the present invention
Source is bat moth worm's ovum, and whole growth period completes in the wild, described bacterium source, is that the wild winter worm summer come is transplanted in each place of production
The degradable Seedling bag used during grass, transplanting is environmentally friendly, does not result in pollution, illustrate be by what this method was obtained
Pure natural, free of contamination high-quality cordyceps sinensis.In addition, after cordyceps sinensis output, being harvested with the principle for excavating not most, pass through
The effort of 2~5 years, can form the natural ecological environment of a sustainable output cordyceps sinensis, without lasting dispensing worm's ovum
Or bacterium source is introduced, it is achieved thereby that the sustainable industrialized development of wild cordyceps.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1, a kind of method flow diagram of extremely frigid zones sustainable high-yield wild cordyceps；
Bat moth larvae in Fig. 2, cultivation base soil.
Embodiment
The embodiment of the invention discloses a kind of method of extremely frigid zones sustainable high-yield wild cordyceps, art technology
Personnel can use for reference present disclosure, appropriate to change details of operation or technological parameter.In particular, it is all similar to replace
Change and change apparent to those skilled in the art, they are considered as being included in the present invention.The side of the present invention
Method is described by preferred embodiment, and related personnel can substantially not depart from present invention, spirit and scope
It is interior that the method for the invention is modified or suitably changed with combining, to realize and apply the technology of the present invention.
For a further understanding of the present invention, the sustainable height of a kind of extremely frigid zones provided with reference to embodiment the present invention
The method of production wild cordyceps is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
1) early stage construction
In Qinghai-Tibet Nyingchi Prefecture, (height above sea level 3000m is left for the area selection milpa of suitable cordyceps sinensis summer grass growth
It is right), enclosure wall is built, prevents unrelated person turnover from herding or destroying robber and digging cordyceps sinensis.Remove in base and be unfavorable for cordyceps sinensis
The weeds and bushes for taking food and growing, fill the wild animal caves such as pika, and the mousetrap is laid if necessary, reduce host's natural enemy,
Prevent it from endangering cordyceps sinensis, set up water, electric facility, vegetation is suitably irrigated if necessary.
In June, the seed of serpentgrass and motion eccentric is chosen, fern fiber crops root tuber is sowed as introduces a collection after mixing, if soil after sowing
Earth humidity not enough, need to be irrigated, forage plant is grown naturally, ecological environment clear-cutting forestland 2-3.
2) introduction of worm sources
Forage plant grows up to after closely knit divot, July, burrowed by mechanical means in divot (diameter 2cm,
Hole depth 10cm), 7, ovum is thrown per hole, is uniformly burrowed 30 per square meter, is thrown after ovum with soil burial hole.The same manner is continuously thrown
Ovum 3 years.
3) introduction of bacterium source
In May next year, choose the new cordyceps sinensis excavated out in Nagqu, it is desirable to which polypide is larger, full, cursive script (son
Seating portion) robust lossless wound, long 3cm or so, the cordyceps sinensis expanded is not developed on stroma top.By the fresh cordyceps sinensis bought
Load in ventilative ganoine packing box, with soft fresh rattan straw or like vegetable place mat and covering, every 30 plants of cordyceps sinensis packs a box,
It is put into portable refrigerating box and fixes after packaging, Refrigerated Transport to Linzhi's milpa.
After fresh cordyceps sinensis is transported to, unpack immediately, be put in the environment of ventilation, ventilative, high humidity, dry in the air 2 hours.Take winter worm
It is used to educate cultivation after summer grass place of production topsoil (more than 15cm) sterilizing, regulation soil moisture, will be fresh with above-mentioned soil to 50%
Cordyceps sinensis polypide be partly embedded into degradable Seedling bag center, the height that stroma exposes earth's surface is 2~6cm, is slightly compacted.
Culture is transplanted to milpa after adapting to environment, restoration ecosystem within 2 days, and top sod is excavated by cordyceps sinensis in milpa with instrument
Educate cultivation paper bag to be put into, edge is concordant with earth's surface on cultivating bag, and stroma part is still exposed in air, is covered turf, is poured appropriate amount of water
It is easy to turf demutation.Transplanting den- sity is 4 plants/m2.Its natural maturity is treated, ascospore is discharged, infects bat moth larvae.Same sample prescription
Formula is continuously transplanted 3 years.
4) harvest of cordyceps sinensis
Cordyceps sinensis harvest is gradually begun with after 3 years, cordyceps sinensis 4.8 is averagely harvested per square meter, it is not most to excavate
Principle, 2~4 plants of cordyceps sinensis are stayed per square meter.Remaining cordyceps sinensis is adopted in time in stroma length to 3~5cm when spore is not distributed
Receive.
5) follow-up work
It is annual afterwards to throw host's larva quantity in observation soil of being sampled before the ovum time, if 1.5~3cm larvas in per square meter soil
Quantity 10~50 between, then illustrate that bat moth has formed good Natural Circulation in base, it is not necessary to artificially throw ovum；Protect base
Interior ecological environment, maintains vegetation density, to ensure food resource that larva is enough.Cordyceps sinensis is harvested every year according to rule.
Embodiment 2
1) early stage construction
Select the gradient to set up cultivation base for 15 degree or so of Schattenseite in Qinghai-xizang Plateau Region, set up protection network, prevent nothing
Pass personnel turnover is herded or destroyed robber and digs cordyceps sinensis.Remove be unfavorable in base cordyceps sinensis take food and the weeds that grow and
Bushes, fills the wild animal caves such as pika, and the mousetrap is laid if necessary, reduces host's natural enemy, prevents its from endangering cordyceps sinensis,
Water, electric facility are set up, vegetation is suitably irrigated if necessary.
In July, the seed of serpentgrass and motion eccentric is chosen, fern fiber crops root tuber is sowed as introduces a collection after mixing, if soil after sowing
Earth humidity not enough, need to be irrigated, forage plant is grown naturally, ecological environment clear-cutting forestland 2-3.
2) introduction of worm sources
Forage plant grows up to after closely knit divot, July, burrowed by mechanical means in divot (diameter 3cm,
Hole depth 15cm), 10, ovum is thrown per hole, is uniformly burrowed 20 per square meter, is thrown after ovum with soil burial hole.The same manner is continuously thrown
Ovum 2 years.
3) introduction of bacterium source
In 5~June of next year, choose the new cordyceps sinensis excavated out in Yushu district, Qinghai and kangding area, it is desirable to polypide
It is larger, full, cursive script (stroma part) robust lossless wound, long 3cm or so, the cordyceps sinensis expanded is not developed on stroma top.Will
The fresh cordyceps sinensis bought loads in ventilative ganoine packing box, with soft fresh rattan straw or like vegetable place mat and covering, every 40
Strain cordyceps sinensis packs a box, is put into portable refrigerating box and fixes after packaging, Refrigerated Transport to Linzhi's milpa.
After fresh cordyceps sinensis is transported to, unpack immediately, be put in the environment of ventilation, ventilative, high humidity, dry in the air 1 hour.Take winter worm
It is used to educate cultivation after summer grass place of production topsoil (more than 15cm) sterilizing, regulation soil moisture, will be fresh with above-mentioned soil to 55%
Cordyceps sinensis polypide be partly embedded into degradable Seedling bag center, the height that stroma exposes earth's surface is 2~6cm, is slightly compacted.
Culture is transplanted to milpa after adapting to environment, restoration ecosystem within 2 days, and top sod is excavated by cordyceps sinensis in milpa with instrument
Educate cultivation paper bag to be put into, edge is concordant with earth's surface on cultivating bag, and stroma part is still exposed in air, is covered turf, is poured appropriate amount of water
It is easy to turf demutation.Transplanting den- sity is 8 plants/m2.Its natural maturity is treated, ascospore is discharged, infects bat moth larvae.Same sample prescription
Formula is continuously transplanted 2 years.
4) harvest of cordyceps sinensis
Cordyceps sinensis harvest is gradually begun with after 2 years, cordyceps sinensis 8.3 is averagely harvested per square meter, it is not most to excavate
Principle, 2~4 plants of cordyceps sinensis are stayed per square meter.Remaining cordyceps sinensis is adopted in time in stroma length to 3~5cm when spore is not distributed
Receive.
5) follow-up work
It is annual afterwards to throw host's larva quantity in observation soil of being sampled before the ovum time, if 1.5~3cm larvas in per square meter soil
Quantity 10~50 between, then illustrate that bat moth has formed good Natural Circulation in base, it is not necessary to artificially throw ovum；Protect base
Interior ecological environment, maintains vegetation density, to ensure food resource that larva is enough.Cordyceps sinensis is harvested every year according to rule.
Embodiment 3
1) early stage construction
Cultivation base is set up in Qinghai-Tibet height above sea level 4000m areas, protection network is set up, prevent unrelated person turnover from herding,
Or destruction is stolen and digs cordyceps sinensis.Remove and be unfavorable for weeds and bushes that cordyceps sinensis takes food and grown in base, fill pika
Deng wild animal cave, lay the mousetrap if necessary, laying power network reduces host's natural enemy, prevents its from endangering cordyceps sinensis, set up water,
Electric facility, is suitably irrigated vegetation if necessary.
In June, choose motion eccentric, the seed of the Yunnan long shoot Radix Astragali is sowed after mixing, cuttage ground cushion willow and late flower pad willow etc.
Plant, if soil moisture not enough, need to be irrigated, forage plant is grown naturally, ecological environment clear-cutting forestland 2-3.
2) introduction of worm sources
Forage plant grows up to after closely knit divot, in August part, burrowed by mechanical means in divot (diameter 1cm,
Hole depth 5cm), 5, ovum is thrown per hole, is uniformly burrowed 40 per square meter, is thrown after ovum with soil burial hole.The same manner continuously throws ovum
3 years.
3) introduction of bacterium source
In 5~June of next year, choose the new cordyceps sinensis excavated out in Yushu district, Qinghai and Nagqu area, it is desirable to polypide
It is larger, full, cursive script (stroma part) robust lossless wound, long 3cm or so, the cordyceps sinensis expanded is not developed on stroma top.Will
The fresh cordyceps sinensis bought loads in ventilative ganoine packing box, with soft fresh rattan straw or like vegetable place mat and covering, every 50
Strain cordyceps sinensis packs a box, is put into portable refrigerating box and fixes after packaging, Refrigerated Transport to Linzhi's milpa.
After fresh cordyceps sinensis is transported to, unpack immediately, be put in the environment of ventilation, ventilative, high humidity, dry in the air 1 hour.Take winter worm
It is used to educate cultivation after summer grass place of production topsoil (more than 15cm) sterilizing, regulation soil moisture, will be fresh with above-mentioned soil to 45%
Cordyceps sinensis polypide be partly embedded into degradable Seedling bag center, the height that stroma exposes earth's surface is 2~6cm, is slightly compacted.
Culture is transplanted to milpa after adapting to environment, restoration ecosystem within 3 days, and top sod is excavated by cordyceps sinensis in milpa with instrument
Educate cultivation paper bag to be put into, edge is concordant with earth's surface on cultivating bag, and stroma part is still exposed in air, is covered turf, is poured appropriate amount of water
It is easy to turf demutation.Transplanting den- sity is 6 plants/m2.Its natural maturity is treated, ascospore is discharged, infects bat moth larvae.Same sample prescription
Formula is continuously transplanted 3 years.
4) harvest of cordyceps sinensis
Cordyceps sinensis harvest is gradually begun with after 3 years, cordyceps sinensis 6.1 is averagely harvested per square meter, it is not most to excavate
Principle, 2~4 plants of cordyceps sinensis are stayed per square meter.Remaining cordyceps sinensis is adopted in time in stroma length to 3~5cm when spore is not distributed
Receive.
5) follow-up work
It is annual afterwards to throw host's larva quantity in observation soil of being sampled before the ovum time, if 1.5~3cm larvas in per square meter soil
Quantity 10~50 between, then illustrate that bat moth has formed good Natural Circulation in base, it is not necessary to artificially throw ovum；Protect base
Interior ecological environment, maintains vegetation density, to ensure food resource that larva is enough.Cordyceps sinensis is harvested every year according to rule.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method of extremely frigid zones sustainable high-yield wild cordyceps, in extremely frigid zones, sets up caterpillar fungus cultivation base
Ground, since initial Vegetation Construction, is set up water, electric facility, sets up protector, provided with the food for enriching aweto host
Source, reduces the natural enemy of host；Worm sources, bacterium source are introduced, the wild cultivation of cordyceps sinensis is realized；Characterized in that, the worm sources
Introduce, the method for throwing ovum using burrowing；The introduction of the bacterium source, by the way of fresh high-quality cordyceps sinensis is transplanted, makes worm, bacterium
Grown according to natural function mode, infect into grass；The excavation of cordyceps sinensis rational and orderly is controlled simultaneously, maintains the worm summer in winter
The sustainable development of grass；
Wherein, the throwing ovum that burrows, is burrowed in divot, the deep 5~15cm in hole, and 5~10, ovum is thrown per hole, is uniformly beaten per square meter
20~40, hole, throws after ovum with soil burial hole；
The transplanting fresh high-quality cordyceps sinensis, is that the cordyceps sinensis expanded is not developed on stroma top, soil moisture exists during transplanting
Between 45~55%.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the method for the natural enemy for reducing host is selected to set up and protected
Wall, landfill rat hole, at least one for laying power network or the mousetrap.
3. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the throwing ovum that burrows, for by mechanical means in divot
Burrow, a diameter of 1~3cm in hole.
4. the method according to claim 1 or 3, it is characterised in that the throwing ovum that burrows, continuous to throw ovum 2~3 years, afterwards
It is annual to throw host's larva quantity in observation soil of being sampled before the ovum time, if the quantity of 1.5~3cm larvas exists in every square metre of soil
Between 10~50, then illustrate that bat moth has formed good Natural Circulation in base, it is not necessary to artificially throw ovum.
5. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the mode for transplanting fresh high-quality cordyceps sinensis, is every
5~June of year chooses the new cordyceps sinensis excavated out, Refrigerated Transport to milpa in cordyceps sinensis Genuine producing area；Dry in the air 1~2 small
When, take degradable Seedling bag to add cordyceps sinensis place of production topsoil, fresh cordyceps sinensis is placed into the soil, cultivate 2~3 days and fit
Answer and transplanted after environment, restoration ecosystem to cultivation base.
6. method according to claim 1 or 5, it is characterised in that the transplanting fresh high-quality cordyceps sinensis, packaging, fortune
Defeated process should be≤2 days, should be≤5 days to destination from excavating to transporting.
7. method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that cordyceps sinensis place of production topsoil, is earth's surface 15cm
Topsoil above.
8. method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that described that fresh cordyceps sinensis is placed into the soil, for soil
Fresh cordyceps sinensis polypide is partly embedded into degradable Seedling bag center, the height that stroma exposes earth's surface is 2~6cm,
Slightly it is compacted.
9. method according to claim 1 or 5, it is characterised in that the transplanting fresh high-quality cordyceps sinensis, every square metre
4~8 plants are transplanted, is continuously transplanted 2~3 years.
10. it is to adopt according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the control cordyceps sinensis rational and orderly excavation
Dig not most principle to be harvested, stay 2~10 plants of cordyceps sinensis to provide bacterium source for offspring per square meter.
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| CN110692433A (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2020-01-17 | 张翰熙 | Method for cultivating cordyceps sinensis in field |
| CN111602556A (en) * | 2020-06-02 | 2020-09-01 | 石河子大学 | Method for cultivating Xinjiang cordyceps sinensis in high-altitude areas |
| CN112088717A (en) * | 2020-10-14 | 2020-12-18 | 青海大学 | Method for cultivating cordyceps sinensis in field |
| CN112544340B (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2022-04-29 | 东莞市东阳光冬虫夏草研发有限公司 | Method for producing Cordyceps sinensis again in production area |
| CN112602534A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-06 | 青海珠峰冬虫夏草工程技术研究有限公司 | Method for high-yield tending of cordyceps sinensis in original land |
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| CN100434508C (en) * | 2006-11-08 | 2008-11-19 | 中山大学 | Method for increasing yield of Qinghai Tibet plateau cordyceps |
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Denomination of invention: Method for sustainable high yielding of wild cordyceps sinensis in alpine regions Effective date of registration: 20180315 Granted publication date: 20171027 Pledgee: Bank of Bohai, Limited by Share Ltd, Yichang branch|Bank of China, Limited by Share Ltd, Three Gorges Branch|Bank of Hubei Limited by Share Ltd Yichang Nanhu sub branch|Bank of Hankou, Limited by Share Ltd, Yichang branch Pledgor: Dongyangguang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Guangdong|YICHANG SHANCHENG SHUIDU CORDYCEPS SINENSIS CO., LTD. Registration number: 2018420000009 |
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Date of cancellation: 20210603 Granted publication date: 20171027 Pledgee: Bank of Bohai Limited by Share Ltd. Yichang branch|Bank of China Limited by Share Ltd. Three Gorges Branch|Bank of Hubei Limited by Share Ltd. Yichang Nanhu sub branch|Bank of Hankou Limited by Share Ltd. Yichang branch Pledgor: SUNSHINE LAKE PHARMA Co.,Ltd.|YICHANG SHANCHENGSHUIDU CORDYCEPS Co.,Ltd. Registration number: 2018420000009 |
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Effective date of registration: 20210616 Address after: 443300 baotawan village, Lucheng, Yidu City, Yichang City, Hubei Province Patentee after: YICHANG SHANCHENGSHUIDU CORDYCEPS Co.,Ltd. Address before: 523808 No. 1 Industrial North Road, Songshan Industrial Park, Songshan, Guangdong, Dongguan, Hubei Patentee before: SUNSHINE LAKE PHARMA Co.,Ltd. Patentee before: YICHANG SHANCHENGSHUIDU CORDYCEPS Co.,Ltd. |
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Denomination of invention: A method of sustainable high yield wild Cordyceps sinensis in Alpine Region Effective date of registration: 20210630 Granted publication date: 20171027 Pledgee: Bank of Bohai Limited by Share Ltd. Yichang branch|Bank of China Limited by Share Ltd. Three Gorges Branch|Bank of Hubei Limited by Share Ltd. Yichang Nanhu sub branch|Bank of Hankou Limited by Share Ltd. Yichang branch Pledgor: YICHANG SHANCHENGSHUIDU CORDYCEPS Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2021420000062 |
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