CN105651127A - Charge system for advance rock breaking of surface mine - Google Patents
Charge system for advance rock breaking of surface mine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105651127A CN105651127A CN201610056280.7A CN201610056280A CN105651127A CN 105651127 A CN105651127 A CN 105651127A CN 201610056280 A CN201610056280 A CN 201610056280A CN 105651127 A CN105651127 A CN 105651127A
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- big gun
- gun hole
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- advance
- cartridge
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 abstract description 20
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010057175 Mass conditions Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a charge system for advance rock breaking of a surface mine. The designed blast hole depth L=H/sin alpha'+ h/sin alpha'+ delta h/sin alpha', wherein H is the height of open-air stages, alpha' is the dip angle of blast holes, h is the extra depth, and delta h is the increased depth. An advance primer cartridge (3) and an advance primer detonator (4) are arranged at the blast hole deepened position at the bottom of each blast hole, and the lower portion of each advance primer detonator (4) is located at the position 1/4 of the upper portion of the corresponding advance primer cartridge (3). An isolation section (5) is arranged at the blast hole deepened position of each blast hole (2). A main primer detonator (7) is located at the position 1/4 of the lower portion of each main charge (6). The in-hole micro-delay detonation technology that the advance primer cartridges (3) and the main charges (6) on the upper portions carry out detonation in sequence is adopted so that advance pre-damage of rock on the upper portions of the stages can be achieved, and the situation that the perforating and blasting work of the lower stages is influenced by excessive breaking of the rock can be effectively avoided.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to surface mine blasting engineering technical field, it is specifically related to a kind of blast charging structural system, it is adaptable to the crushing in advance of big gun hole position of upper rock mass during surface mine bench blasting, to effectively reduce oversized fragment rate, it is obviously improved demolition effect, reduces mining cost.
Background technology
Deep hole blasting is the production technology that surface mine is important, and in ore cost is constituted, blasting cost accounts for the 15% ~ 20% of mining production cost. The quality of blasting quality, directly influences digging, shovel dress efficiency and hauling operation link. If oversized fragment rate is too high, it will increase second-time breakage amount, increase ore extraction cost.
In deep hole blasting, boulder yield is higher is common problem in opencut, and the boulder yield in part mine once once up to more than 15%, had a strong impact on the properly functioning of mining production. Bulk trial shows, in order to overcome the resistance of toe burden, explosive is disposed primarily in the middle and lower part in big gun hole, cause that powder charge center of gravity is on the low side, top stemming length is excessive, making it along the explosive energy skewness in big gun axially bored line direction, bore portions energy is not enough, and the rock failure mechanism of rock is uneven; Due to the problem of charge constitution, cannot loading explosive in step the first half (i.e. position suitable for reading, big gun hole, account for the 40% of shoulder height) big gun hole, this is the major reason causing stope to produce defective bulk, and it generally can account for the 5%��20% of total burst size.
The increase of mine blasting boulder yield, directly causes the increase of the production cost of enterprise, governs the safety economy high winning technology in mine. In order to reduce oversized fragment rate, adopt the charge constitution of decking or multicharge under normal circumstances. Such as, " technical measures of Lowering Boulder Yield In Long-hole Blasting of Open Pits " literary composition that " mining and metallurgy " magazine the 1st phase in 2005 (in March, 2005) delivers is pointed out, the technical measures of Lowering Boulder Yield In Long-hole Blasting of Open Pits have: (1) improves explosive specific charge by increasing the method for shot elevation and reduction stemming length, it is possible to improve the blast fragmentation size of step top rock;(2) big pitch-row, island operation explosion are adopted; (3) adopt spaced loading structure, adopt close punching, Uncoincided charge; (4) stemming length is reduced; (5) many rounds short-delay blasting etc. is adopted. But its filling operation is more complicated, implements difficulty big, affect the raising of production efficiency. It addition, for the bulk after explosion, generally adopt hydraulic crawler excavator to join quartering hammer and carry out second-time breakage, not only crushing efficiency is low, and increases ore extraction cost, directly affects economic benefit and the production safety in mine.
Summary of the invention
In order to scientificlly and effectively control surface blasting boulder yield, especially step top boulder yield, reducing production cost, improve Business Economic Benefit, the present invention proposes the charge system of a kind of surface mine broken rock in advance that can improve blasting quality, reduction step top boulder yield.
For realizing the above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, the technical scheme that the charge system of a kind of surface mine of the present invention broken rock in advance adopts is:
On pre-explosion perron, arrange big gun hole according to big gun hole Hole pattern parameters Holespacing a, the big gun hole array pitch b of design, form big gun hole hole pattern. The blast hole depth L in described big gun hole designs according to below equation:
L=H/sin �� ��+h/sin �� ��+�� h/sin �� �� (1),
In formula: L blast hole depth, m,
H perron height, m,
H big gun hole ultra-deep, m,
�� h big gun hole is deepened, and �� h is optimized adjustment according to rock mass condition by m,
Inclination angle, �� �� big gun hole, the i.e. angle of big gun hole and horizontal direction;
The relational expression of described big gun hole inclination alpha �� and bank slope �� is:
�� ��=(1 �� 5%) �� (2);
The charge constitution in each big gun hole is: advanced primer [cartridge], advanced detonating capsule are contained in the intensification position, big gun hole at the bottom of big gun hole, the bottom of described advanced detonating capsule is positioned at it (1 �� 10%) * 1/4, advanced primer [cartridge] top place, the lower end of advanced primer [cartridge] detonator is connected with advanced detonating capsule, and the upper end of advanced primer [cartridge] detonator is stretched out outside big gun hole; Arranging distance piece in the ultra-deep position, big gun hole in described big gun hole, distance piece adopts well cuttings blocking; Main charge, main detonating capsule is loaded according to the explosive payload of design, loaded length in the big gun hole on distance piece top, described main detonating capsule is positioned at it (1 �� 10%) * 1/4, main charge bottom place, the lower end of main charge detonator is connected with main detonating capsule, and the upper end of main charge detonator is stretched out outside big gun hole; Insert in the big gun hole on main charge top stemming carry out blocking closely knit.
The length of described advanced primer [cartridge] is 2.5m ~ 3.0m, and coefficient of decoupling charge is in 1.5 ~ 2.5 scopes; The length of described distance piece is 8cm ~ 15cm.
The bottom of described advanced detonating capsule is positioned at advanced primer [cartridge] top 1/4 place and is preferred, direct initiation mode; Described main detonating capsule is positioned at main charge bottom 1/4 place, adopts indirect initiation mode.
The upper end of described main charge detonator is connected with main charge detonator initiator, and the upper end of described advanced primer [cartridge] detonator is connected with advanced primer [cartridge] detonator initiator, thus forming complete initiation net.
Generally, the size of the inclination alpha �� and bank slope �� in described big gun hole is identical.
The charge system of a kind of surface mine of the present invention broken rock in advance adopts the In-hole short delay detonating technique of " the advanced primer [cartridge] in bottom first detonates, top main charge then detonate ", adopt micro-clutch blasting technology, realize the faint in advance Crack Damage of following step rock mass, avoiding top main charge blast action that the excessive damage of bottom rock mass is destroyed, the exploitation smoothly for lower step creates good conditions simultaneously.
The charge system of a kind of surface mine of the present invention broken rock in advance provides the benefit that: the charge system of a kind of surface mine of the present invention broken rock in advance adopts micro-clutch blasting technology, thus rational compensation space created by the production step being following, both can realize the advanced advance damage of step top rock mass, the perforated blasting operation affecting following step because of its overcrushing can be prevented effectively from again; It is possible not only to substantially reduce the boulder yield of big gun hole position of upper, reduce second-time breakage amount, it is also possible to be prevented effectively from the generation of foundation, reduce explosion undershoot effect, weakening the excessive damage to following step to destroy, the perforated blasting for following step creates good operating condition; Adopting charge system provided by the invention to implement after explosion, Rock fragmentation is uniform, and quick-fried heap is loose, concentrate, and base plate is smooth, at the bottom of unrooted, it is easy to shovel shipment is defeated, significantly improves charge ratio and the utilization rate of shovel dress efficiency and automobile. The method is easy to operate, safe and reliable simultaneously, can improve mining production efficiency more than 10% after successful implementation, makes raw ore production cost reduce by more than 7%, creates good economic benefit and social benefit.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the charge system profilograph of a kind of surface mine of the present invention broken rock in advance;
Fig. 2 is the charge system plane graph of a kind of surface mine of the present invention broken rock in advance.
Accompanying drawing is labeled as: 1-perron, 2-big gun hole, the advanced primer [cartridge] of 3-, the advanced detonating capsule of 4-, 5-distance piece, 6-main charge, the main detonating capsule of 7-, 8-stemming, 9-main charge detonator, 9 ��-advanced primer [cartridge] detonator, �� ��-inclination angle, big gun hole, ��-bank slope; A-Holespacing, b-big gun hole array pitch.
Detailed description of the invention
For further describing the present invention, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the charge system of a kind of surface mine of the present invention broken rock in advance is described further.
A kind of surface mine of the present invention as shown in Figure 1 breaks the charge system profilograph of rock in advance and finds out in conjunction with Fig. 2, the charge system of a kind of surface mine of the present invention broken rock in advance, first on pre-explosion perron 1, arrange big gun hole 2 according to big gun hole Hole pattern parameters Holespacing a, the big gun hole array pitch b of design, form big gun hole hole pattern. The blast hole depth L in described big gun hole 2 designs according to below equation: L=H/sin �� ��+h/sin �� ��+�� h/sin �� ��, in formula: L blast hole depth, and H perron height, h big gun hole ultra-deep, �� h big gun hole is deepened, inclination angle, �� �� big gun hole, i.e. the angle of big gun hole and horizontal direction; �� bank slope, inclination alpha �� is identical with bank slope �� in big gun hole.
The charge constitution in each big gun hole 2 is: advanced primer [cartridge] 3, advanced detonating capsule 4 are contained in the intensification position, big gun hole at the bottom of big gun hole, the bottom of described advanced detonating capsule 4 is positioned at 1/4 place on advanced primer [cartridge] 3 top, the lower end of advanced primer [cartridge] detonator 9 �� is connected with advanced detonating capsule 4, and the upper end of advanced primer [cartridge] detonator 9 �� is stretched out and is connected with advanced primer [cartridge] detonator initiator outside big gun hole 2; Arranging distance piece 5 in the ultra-deep position, big gun hole in described big gun hole 2, the length of distance piece 5 is 8cm ~ 15cm, and distance piece 5 adopts well cuttings to block; Main charge 6, main detonating capsule 7 is loaded according to the explosive payload of design, loaded length in the big gun hole 2 on distance piece 5 top, described main detonating capsule 7 is positioned at 1/4 place of main charge 6 bottom, the lower end of main charge detonator 9 is connected with main detonating capsule 7, and the upper end of main charge detonator 9 is stretched out and is connected with main charge detonator initiator outside big gun hole 2;In the big gun hole 2 on main charge 6 top, insert stemming 8, and with tamper compacting gently, stifled tight, during multiple-row blasting Duan Youshui, adopt the blockings such as coarse sand. The length of described advanced primer [cartridge] 3 is 2.5m ~ 3.0m, coefficient of decoupling charge is in 1.5 ~ 2.5 scopes, it is adjusted according to Test in Situ condition, to reduce explosive payload, reduce advanced primer [cartridge] 3 to rock mass damage degree, avoid the over grind of explosion rock mass, reach both can realize breaking rock in advance, do not affect again the purpose of following step drillhole blasting.
During explosion, the advanced advanced main charge 25ms ~ 50ms of primer [cartridge] 3 detonates. After advanced primer [cartridge] 3 detonates, at the advance damage forming rock mass at the bottom of hole, the raising for following bench blasting quality creates conditions.
Claims (6)
1. the charge system of a surface mine broken rock in advance, first on pre-explosion perron (1), big gun hole (2) is arranged according to big gun hole Hole pattern parameters Holespacing (a) of design, big gun hole array pitch (b), form big gun hole hole pattern, it is characterised in that the blast hole depth L in described big gun hole (2) designs according to below equation:
L=H/sin �� ��+h/sin �� ��+�� h/sin �� �� (1),
In formula: L blast hole depth, m,
H perron height, m,
H big gun hole ultra-deep, m,
�� h big gun hole is deepened, m,
Inclination angle, �� �� big gun hole, the i.e. angle of big gun hole and horizontal direction;
The relational expression of described big gun hole inclination alpha �� and bank slope �� is:
�� ��=(1 �� 5%) �� (2);
The charge constitution of each big gun hole (2) is: advanced primer [cartridge] (3), advanced detonating capsule (4) are contained in the intensification position, big gun hole at the bottom of big gun hole, the bottom of described advanced detonating capsule (4) is positioned at it (1 �� 10%) * 1/4, advanced primer [cartridge] (3) top place, the lower end of advanced primer [cartridge] detonator (9 ��) is connected with advanced detonating capsule (4), and big gun hole (2) is stretched out outward in the upper end of advanced primer [cartridge] detonator (9 ��); Arranging distance piece (5) in the ultra-deep position, big gun hole of described big gun hole (2), distance piece (5) adopts well cuttings blocking; Main charge (6), main detonating capsule (7) is loaded according to the explosive payload of design, loaded length in the big gun hole (2) on distance piece (5) top, described main detonating capsule (7) is positioned at it (1 �� 10%) * 1/4, main charge (6) bottom place, the lower end of main charge detonator (9) is connected with main detonating capsule (7), and big gun hole (2) is stretched out outward in the upper end of main charge detonator (9); Insert in the big gun hole (2) on main charge (6) top stemming (8) carry out blocking closely knit.
2. the charge system of a kind of surface mine as claimed in claim 1 broken rock in advance, it is characterised in that: the length of described advanced primer [cartridge] (3) is 2.5m ~ 3.0m, and coefficient of decoupling charge is in 1.5 ~ 2.5 scopes.
3. the charge system of a kind of surface mine as claimed in claim 2 broken rock in advance, it is characterised in that: the length of described distance piece (5) is 8cm ~ 15cm.
4. the charge system of the broken rock in advance of a kind of surface mine as described in claim 1,2 or 3, it is characterized in that: the bottom of described advanced detonating capsule (4) is positioned at advanced primer [cartridge] (3) top 1/4 place, and described main detonating capsule (7) is positioned at main charge (6) bottom 1/4 place.
5. the charge system of a kind of surface mine as claimed in claim 4 broken rock in advance, it is characterised in that: the upper end of main charge detonator (9) is connected with main charge detonator initiator; The upper end of described advanced primer [cartridge] detonator (9 ��) is connected with advanced primer [cartridge] detonator initiator.
6. the charge system of a kind of surface mine as claimed in claim 5 broken rock in advance, it is characterised in that: the size of the inclination alpha �� and bank slope �� in described big gun hole is identical.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610056280.7A CN105651127B (en) | 2016-01-28 | 2016-01-28 | Charge system for advance rock breaking of surface mine |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610056280.7A CN105651127B (en) | 2016-01-28 | 2016-01-28 | Charge system for advance rock breaking of surface mine |
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| CN105651127A true CN105651127A (en) | 2016-06-08 |
| CN105651127B CN105651127B (en) | 2017-04-12 |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107957222A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-04-24 | 武汉大学 | Reduce blasthole spaced loading and the method for ignition of methods of blasting toes in open generation rate |
| CN109506530A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-03-22 | 包头钢铁（集团）有限责任公司 | A kind of opencut 24m High-bench blasting expands side structure and its side method is expanded in explosion |
| CN110579145A (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2019-12-17 | 鞍钢集团矿业有限公司 | Charging method for blasting of sector hole of underground mine |
| CN110645855A (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2020-01-03 | 冀东海天水泥闻喜有限责任公司 | Dust suppression blasting method for medium-length hole of strip mine |
| CN111006561A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-04-14 | 中国水利水电第七工程局有限公司 | Strong-throwing ultra-deep hole step blasting method |
| CN111895872A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-11-06 | 长安大学 | In-hole charging structure for controlling blasting root bottom and construction method thereof |
| CN112129186A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2020-12-25 | 中国建筑材料工业建设西安工程有限公司 | Final slope blasting method convenient for plant-growing concrete spray planting |
| CN113819820A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-12-21 | 北京科技大学 | Non-coupling charging structure, method, application and blasting method |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107957222A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-04-24 | 武汉大学 | Reduce blasthole spaced loading and the method for ignition of methods of blasting toes in open generation rate |
| CN109506530A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-03-22 | 包头钢铁（集团）有限责任公司 | A kind of opencut 24m High-bench blasting expands side structure and its side method is expanded in explosion |
| CN110579145A (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2019-12-17 | 鞍钢集团矿业有限公司 | Charging method for blasting of sector hole of underground mine |
| CN110645855A (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2020-01-03 | 冀东海天水泥闻喜有限责任公司 | Dust suppression blasting method for medium-length hole of strip mine |
| CN111006561A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-04-14 | 中国水利水电第七工程局有限公司 | Strong-throwing ultra-deep hole step blasting method |
| CN111006561B (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2022-02-22 | 中国水利水电第七工程局有限公司 | Strong-throwing ultra-deep hole step blasting method |
| CN111895872A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-11-06 | 长安大学 | In-hole charging structure for controlling blasting root bottom and construction method thereof |
| CN111895872B (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2022-08-19 | 长安大学 | In-hole charging structure for controlling blasting root bottom and construction method thereof |
| CN112129186A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2020-12-25 | 中国建筑材料工业建设西安工程有限公司 | Final slope blasting method convenient for plant-growing concrete spray planting |
| CN113819820A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-12-21 | 北京科技大学 | Non-coupling charging structure, method, application and blasting method |
| CN113819820B (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2022-07-15 | 北京科技大学 | Non-coupling charging structure, method, application and blasting method |
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Address after: 243000 Xitang Road, Ma'anshan Economic Development Zone, Anhui, No. 666 Patentee after: MAANSHAN Mine Research Institute Co.,Ltd. Address before: 243000 Xitang Road, Ma'anshan Economic Development Zone, Anhui, No. 666 Patentee before: SINOSTEEL MAANSHAN INSTITUTE OF MINING RESEARCH Co.,Ltd. |
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