CN105639190A - Composite protein sources for freshwater fish and preparation method of composite protein sources - Google Patents
Composite protein sources for freshwater fish and preparation method of composite protein sources Download PDFInfo
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- CN105639190A CN105639190A CN201511014970.8A CN201511014970A CN105639190A CN 105639190 A CN105639190 A CN 105639190A CN 201511014970 A CN201511014970 A CN 201511014970A CN 105639190 A CN105639190 A CN 105639190A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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Abstract
The invention discloses composite protein sources for a freshwater fish and a preparation method of the composite protein sources. The composite protein sources comprise the following components, by weight part: 30-35 parts of fermented rapeseed meal, 25-30 parts of fermented cottonseed meal, 20-30 parts of fermented silkworm chrysalis, 15-20 parts of fermented mulberry leaves, 2-4 parts of crystal lysine, and 0.5-1.0 part of crystal methionine. The preparation method comprises: pulverizing the raw material components and sieving the pulverized components through a sieve having a mesh in a range of 80-100, uniformly mixing the sieved raw materials to enable the variable coefficient of the obtained mixture to be no more than 7%, and obtaining the composite protein sources for a freshwater fish. The composite protein sources for a freshwater fish can effectively replace fish meal protein in feed for a freshwater fish without affecting protein use ratio of the feed for a freshwater fish and without affecting growth performance and conventional fish components of a freshwater fish. Quantity of intestinal escherichia coli is reduced, and body immunity is significantly improved. The composite protein sources have characteristics of low price and improved cultivation benefit.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aquatic animal nutrition and field of feed, be specifically related to a kind of fresh-water fishes compound protein source and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
China's output of aquatic products occupies first place in the world, and is that only one aquaculture production exceedes the country of fishery output in the world. China's freshwater fish culturing development potentiality is very big, and China freshwater fish keeps more than 5% speed sustainable growth in recent years, and within 2014, China's Fish-water Fish Farming total output reaches 27,800,000 tons, accounts for the 75% of China's Fish total output. Keeping the sustainable development of fishery, feed resource becomes the principal element restricting its sound development, the especially scarcity of China's protein resource, the problem currently or even from now on facing especially and needing urgent solution.
In recent years, China's fresh-water fishes terminal price continued downturn, fish flour makes it hold at high price because of resource-constrained in addition, causes fishery cultivating remarkable benefit to reduce. Feed cost occupies more than the 70% of aquaculture cost, effectively reducing feed cost is also the important channel significantly improving fishery cultivating benefit, and China's land resource is short, solve feedstuff grain conversion of relying completely unrealistic, make full use of the feed resource that the exploitation of geographical environment advantage is new, be the vital task of current China feed technology worker. Therefore, developing a kind of forage protein source that can effectively substitute or reduce fish flour consumption in feedstuff is the important step improving cultured fishes economic benefit.
Fermentation refer to people by microorganism vital movement under aerobic or oxygen free condition to prepare microbial cells itself or the process of direct metabolite or secondary metabolite. Nowadays fermentation technique extensive use in feed industry, feedstuff, after useful microorganism or compound enzymic preparation processed, is converted into microbial bacteria body protein, feedstuff that bioactive micro peptide amino acid, microbial activity probiotic bacteria, compound enzymic preparation are integrated is biological fermentation feed. Feedstuff by fermentation after, the content of antinutritional factor in feedstuff can be reduced, improve the palatability of feedstuff, improve its nutritive value, such as the rapeseed cake that ferments, the fermentation raw material such as cottonseed meal and fermented silkworms extensive use in pig feed, obtain good effect, but its value needs to be excavated further, be worth in aquatic feeds popularization and application.
Folium Mori contain abundant nutrient substance and active skull cap components, are referred to as " natural plant nutrient storehouse ", and it can effectively regulate the lipid metabolism of fish body, improves fish body quality, has great resources advantage in China or even the world.But its protein content is low, crude fibre is high, and animal use rate is low, have impact on it and makes consumption in animal feed. Folium Mori by fermentation after, equally possible its palatability of improving, improve nutritive value. Currently, how to improve vegetable protein addition in aquatic feeds, become problem currently in the urgent need to address.
Summary of the invention
For prior art above shortcomings, the technical problem to be solved is: how to provide a kind of fresh-water fishes compound protein source and preparation method thereof, enable the fish flour that the fresh-water fishes prepared compound protein source substitutes in feedstuff, significantly reduce the consumption of fish flour in feed formula, do not affect the forage protein utilization rate of fresh-water fishes simultaneously, and have the advantages that to reduce cost, raising culture benefit, maintenance freshwater fish culturing industry sustainable development.
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that a kind of fresh-water fishes use compound protein source, with parts by weight, including following component: 30 ~ 35 parts of fermentation rapeseed cake, 25 ~ 30 parts of fermentation cottonseed meal, 20 ~ 30 parts of fermented silkworms, 15 ~ 20 parts of fermentation Folium Mori, 2 ~ 4 parts of crystal lysines and 0.5 ~ 1.0 part of crystal methionine.
The above-mentioned fresh-water fishes preparation method in compound protein source, comprises the steps:
1) component raw material of above-mentioned weight portion is weighed;
2) each raw material step 1) weighed is pulverized respectively, and crosses 80 ~ 100 mesh sieves;
3) by step 2) pulverize after each raw material mix homogeneously, make the mixed mixture coefficient of variation��7%, obtain described fresh-water fishes and use compound protein source.
When fresh-water fishes of the present invention use with compound protein source, it is possible to as the proteinogenic in mixed feed, in order to substitute the fish meal protein of 30 ~ 80% in fresh water fish feed.
Compared to existing technology, there is advantages that
1, fresh-water fishes of the present invention with compound protein source by the collaborative compatibility effect between each component, can as the proteinogenic in mixed feed, effectively substitute the fish meal protein of 30 ~ 80% in fresh water fish feed, and do not affect the forage protein utilization rate of fresh-water fishes, do not affect the growth performance of fresh-water fishes and conventional nutrition components composition; Experiment proves that employing fresh-water fishes of the present invention use compound protein source, the specific growth rate of fresh-water fishes, blood serum metabolic enzyme activity, serum lipid metabolism index and full fish routine composition all with matched group and commercial feed group without significant difference; Liver body ratio, dirty body ratio and coefficient of condition are not produced yet impact simultaneously.
2, fresh-water fishes of the present invention compound protein source can significantly reduce the colibacillary quantity of intestinal, significantly improves the immunity of body, experiments verify that immune indexes is the highest and be remarkably improved 46%.
3, use compound protein source of the present invention can reduce the consumption of fish flour in feedstuff, reduce feed price, save the purpose of aquaculture cost; And adopt compound protein source of the present invention as the protein sources of feedstuff, to the palatability of feedstuff and breeding environment all without any harmful effect.
4, fresh-water fishes of the present invention are stable, cheap with the raw material sources used by compound protein source, and production technology is simple, it is easy to carry out industrialized great production.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail. The implementation case is carried out under premised on the technology of the present invention, now provides detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, illustrates that the present invention is creative, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to below example.
Embodiment 1
A kind of fresh-water fishes use compound protein source, including following component: fermentation rapeseed cake 35kg, fermentation cottonseed meal 25kg, fermented silkworms 22kg, fermentation Folium Mori 15kg, crystal lysine 2.5kg, crystal methionine 0.5kg.
The above-mentioned fresh-water fishes preparation method in compound protein source, weighs each raw material according to above-mentioned formula, is pulverized respectively by each raw material, crosses 80 mesh sieves; By each raw material after pulverizing at mixer mix homogeneously so that the mixed mixture coefficient of variation��7%, obtain described fresh-water fishes and use compound protein source.
Testing in zones of different three place, whole nation test site indoor circulation cultivating system, the initial weight of gift tilapia is 12.9 �� 0.6g. The feedstuff of matched group all uses compound protein source without the fresh-water fishes of the present invention; Divide into 4 repetitions using a kind of commercial feed (waiting protein level) as commercial feed group, each matched group and commercial feed group simultaneously; The fish meal protein of the feeds utilized middle products substitution 80% of the present invention of test group, same each test group divides into 4 repetitions. After the raising experiment of 56 days, three places feed the specific growth rate of tilapia of test feed of the present invention, blood serum metabolic enzyme activity, serum lipid metabolism index and full fish routine composition all with matched group and commercial feed group without significant difference; Simultaneously to liver body ratio, dirty body is than also not producing impact with coefficient of condition; And significantly reducing the colibacillary quantity of intestinal, four kinds of principal immune indexs significantly improve 16 ~ 35%; Feed cost reduces by 11 ~ 22%.
Embodiment 2
A kind of fresh-water fishes use compound protein source, including following component: fermentation rapeseed cake 30kg, fermentation cottonseed meal 30kg, fermented silkworms 20kg, fermentation Folium Mori 16kg, crystal lysine 3.3kg, crystal methionine 0.7kg.
The above-mentioned fresh-water fishes preparation method in compound protein source, weighs each raw material according to above-mentioned formula, is pulverized respectively by each raw material, crosses 80 mesh sieves; By each raw material after pulverizing at mixer mix homogeneously so that the mixed mixture coefficient of variation��7%, obtain described fresh-water fishes and use compound protein source.
Testing in zones of different two place, whole nation test site indoor circulation cultivating system, the initial weight of hybridized snakehead fish is 16.5 �� 0.9g. The feedstuff of matched group all uses compound protein source without the fresh-water fishes of the present invention; Divide into 4 repetitions using a kind of commercial feed (waiting protein level) as commercial feed group, each matched group and commercial feed group simultaneously; The fish meal protein of the feeds utilized middle products substitution 30% of the present invention of test group, same each test group divides into 4 repetitions. After the raising experiment of 70 days, two places feed the specific growth rate of hybridized snakehead fish of test feed of the present invention, serum lipid metabolism index and full fish routine composition all with photograph group and commercial feed group without significant difference; Simultaneously to liver body ratio, dirty body is than also not producing impact with coefficient of condition; And significantly reducing the colibacillary quantity of intestinal, four kinds of principal immune indexs significantly improve 21 ~ 46%; Feed cost reduces by 13 ~ 26%.
Embodiment 3
A kind of fresh-water fishes use compound protein source, including following component: fermentation rapeseed cake 30kg, fermentation cottonseed meal 25kg, fermented silkworms 25kg, fermentation Folium Mori 17kg, crystal lysine 2.4kg, crystal methionine 0.6kg.
The above-mentioned fresh-water fishes preparation method in compound protein source, weighs each raw material according to above-mentioned formula, is pulverized respectively by each raw material, crosses 100 mesh sieves; By each raw material after pulverizing at mixer mix homogeneously so that the mixed mixture coefficient of variation��7%, obtain described fresh-water fishes and use compound protein source.
Carrying out land for growing field crops culture experiment at zones of different two place, the whole nation, the initial weight of big mouth perch is 23.8 �� 1.2g. The feedstuff of matched group all uses compound protein source without the fresh-water fishes of the present invention; Divide into 4 repetitions using a kind of commercial feed (waiting protein level) as commercial feed group, each matched group and commercial feed group simultaneously;The fish meal protein of the feeds utilized middle products substitution 40% of the present invention of test group, same each test group divides into 4 repetitions. After the raising experiment of 84 days, two places feed the specific growth rate of hybridized snakehead fish of test feed of the present invention, serum lipid metabolism index and full fish routine composition all with photograph group and commercial feed group without significant difference; Simultaneously to liver body ratio, dirty body is than also not producing impact with coefficient of condition; And intestinal Rhodopseudomonas substantially reduces, five kinds of principal immune indexs significantly improve 25 ~ 39%; Feed cost reduces by 16 ~ 30%.
Fresh-water fishes of the present invention with compound protein source compared with commercial feed protein sources, the fish flour consumption in fresh water fish feed can be reduced, reduce aquaculture cost, and harmful intestinal tract bacteria sum can be reduced, improve immunity of organisms, maintain the health of fresh-water fishes fishery, sustainable development.
What finally illustrate is, above example is only in order to illustrate technical scheme and unrestricted, although the present invention being described in detail with reference to preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those within the art that, technical scheme can be modified or equivalent replacement, without deviating from objective and the scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of scope of the presently claimed invention.
Claims (4)
1. fresh-water fishes use compound protein source, it is characterized in that, with parts by weight, including following component: 30 ~ 35 parts of fermentation rapeseed cake, 25 ~ 30 parts of fermentation cottonseed meal, 20 ~ 30 parts of fermented silkworms, 15 ~ 20 parts of fermentation Folium Mori, 2 ~ 4 parts of crystal lysines and 0.5 ~ 1.0 part of crystal methionine.
2. fresh-water fishes use compound protein source according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, with parts by weight, including following component: 35 parts of fermentation rapeseed cake, 25 parts of fermentation cottonseed meal, 22 parts of fermented silkworms, 15 parts of fermentation Folium Mori, 2.5 parts of crystal lysines and 0.5 part of crystal methionine.
3. the fresh-water fishes preparation method in compound protein source, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
1) component raw material of weight portion described in claim 1 or 2 is weighed;
2) each raw material step 1) weighed is pulverized respectively, and crosses 80 ~ 100 mesh sieves;
3) by step 2) pulverize after each raw material mix homogeneously, make the mixed mixture coefficient of variation��7%, obtain described fresh-water fishes and use compound protein source.
4. the fresh-water fishes preparation method in compound protein source according to claim 3, it is characterised in that step 2) in cross 80 mesh sieves.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108419909A (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2018-08-21 | 西南大学 | A kind of mulberry leaf compound protein source and preparation method thereof substituting fish meal |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108419909A (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2018-08-21 | 西南大学 | A kind of mulberry leaf compound protein source and preparation method thereof substituting fish meal |
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Application publication date: 20160608 |