CN105638417A - Seedling stage screening method for low-calcium-resistant Chinese cabbage strain - Google Patents
Seedling stage screening method for low-calcium-resistant Chinese cabbage strain Download PDFInfo
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technology of vegetable seedling culturing and aims at providing a seedling stage screening method for a low-calcium-resistant Chinese cabbage strain. The method comprises the steps that a plurality of strains of Chinese cabbage seeds are taken and subjected to water planting through an improved Hoagland nutrient solution after accelerating germination, and the conductivity is adjusted according to the growing situation of seedlings; the seedlings are selected, planting is conducted through a calcium-free nutrient solution, oxygen feeding for ventilation and heat preservation are conducted, during planting, if edges of new leaves wither, the seedlings are regarded as invalid seedlings, and 30% plant morbidity of some strain serves as the index of disease time; the intensity of low-calcium resistance of some strain is judged according to the time when the disease time is up, and the low-calcium resistance of the Chinese cabbage strain with the disease time occurs latest is strongest. By means of the method, the problems of seedling etiolation and weakness and nontypical symptoms caused by long-term calcium-free nutrient solution culture are avoided; the judging index is the number of disease days and the disease plant rate rather than the disease stage, and therefore accuracy of identification of a plurality of strains at the same time can be achieved. The dry burn heart symptom can be accelerated, and the target of accurate and quick identification can be achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to vegetable seedling-raising technique, particularly to the seedling screening method of resistance to low calcium Chinese cabbage strain.
Background technology
Tipburn is a kind of physiological disturbance of Chinese cabbage, calcium deficiency cause, and has a strong impact on yield and quality. General lobus cardiacus and internal lobe leaf margin elder generation browning are thinning or rotten, develop to middle Bao Ye and wrapper gradually later. The balling initial stage starts morbidity, identifies it is best period in the critical point of balling initial stage.
Chinese cabbage is long at the cultivation history of China, area wide, cultivated area span is big, often because the impact of the factors such as the soil fertility of various places, irrigation is subject to the harm of Tipburn Disease, affects the quality and yield of Chinese cabbage. In recent years, have evolved into, at some area Tipburn Diseases, the disease that the virosis with Chinese cabbage, downy mildew, soft rot, clubroot etc. are of equal importance. The physiological disturbance that Tipburn Disease of Chinese Cabbage is mainly caused by calcium deficiency, the balling initial stage starts morbidity, and general lobus cardiacus and internal lobe leaf margin elder generation browning are thinning or rotten, and the resistance of Tipburn Disease of Chinese Cabbage is existed significant difference by different cultivars. Therefore, become by the resistance to low calcium Chinese cabbage cultivar of selection-breeding and solve the important channel that in cultivation, Tipburn Disease of Chinese Cabbage occurs, and the process for screening and identifying of accurate and effective resistance to low calcium kind (selfing line) is its premise technical conditions.
Indoor seedling stage assay method is current Tipburn Disease major diagnostic in seedling stage method, and the method is to adopt nutritive cube cultivation in glasshouse, and perlite is cultivation matrix. The Hongland nutrient solution prescription adopting not calcic is transplanted to the seedling of the 2 leaf sizes cultivated in the nutritive cube of diameter 8cm, and nutritive cube is put in the seedlings nursing plate of the improvement Hongland nutritional solution filling calcium deficiency; Or on a platform, dig out the thick soil of 15cm, good with preventing water leakage by plastics cloth pad, nutritive cube is placed in the groove completing Polypropylence Sheet, and the groove Middle nutrition liquid degree of depth is maintained at about 5cm. Cultivate about 50 days investigation Tipburn Disease disease symptoms. Because seedling long term growth is without calcium when, be easily generated seedling yellow, unhealthy and strong, make the shortcomings such as Tipburn Disease atypical symptom, accuracy is identified in impact.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, overcomes deficiency of the prior art, it is provided that a kind of seedling screening method of resistance to low calcium Chinese cabbage strain, thus solving the problem of the easy yellow of seedling, atypical symptom in indoor qualification in seedling stage.
For solving technical problem, the solution of the present invention is:
A kind of seedling screening method of resistance to low calcium Chinese cabbage strain is provided, comprises the steps:
(1) object screened as the same period using the Chinese cabbage of multiple strains, each strain takes the seed of 100 full seeds; Put in the culture dish of the moistening filter paper of band after cleaning with distilled water, accelerating germination 48 hours in the incubator of 25 DEG C;
(2) each strain is selected seed that 50 grain germination gesture are consistent respectively, put into cylinder water planting sponge with tweezers; Water planting sponge is put in 50 hole dishes, bottom hole tray, place plastic pallet; Adding the improvement Hoagland nutritional solution that conductivity value is 0.2mS/cm in pallet, the liquid level of nutritional solution reaches water planting sponge mid-height, and regulating liquid PH value is 6.0, carries out seedling management;
(3) after seedling true leaf grows, being 0.5mS/cm by pallet, improvement Hoagland nutritional solution is adjusted to conductivity value, regulating liquid PH value is 6.0, continues to cultivate;
(4) being cultured to seedling when being 4 leaf 1 heart, by improveing Hoagland nutritional solution in pallet, to adjust conductivity value be 1.0mS/cm, and regulating liquid PH value is 6.0, continues cultivation 5��7 days;
(5) selecting the seedling of each strain growing way neat and consistent, field planting is to filling in the hydroponic box without calcium nutritional solution, and regulating in hydroponic box without calcium nutritional solution EC value is 2.0mS/cm, and pH value is 6.0; Each strain field planting 30 strain, field planting seeding row spacing 12 �� 12 centimetres; Hydroponic box is placed in temperature-controlling green house, adopts and plays oxygen ventilation; Keep in greenhouse temperature 25��30 DEG C in daytime, night temperature 22��25 DEG C;
(6) field planting observes young leaves tipburn incidence after cultivating 3 days, and the leaf margin such as young leaves occurs that namely withered limit is considered as morbidity, falls ill as the index determining this strain disease time using 30% plant of certain strain; Sooner or later judge that the resistance to low calcium of each strain is strong and weak arriving disease time, arrive disease time the latest be the Chinese cabbage strain that resistance to low calcium is the strongest.
In the present invention, described improvement Hoagland nutritional solution includes following component:
A great number of elements: Ca (NO3)2��4H2O945mg/L��KNO3506mg/L��MgSO4��7H2O493mg/L��KH2PO4136mg/L��NH4NO380mg/L; With
Trace element: KI0.83mg/L, H3BO36.3mg/L��MnSO4��4H2O22.3mg/L��ZnSO4��7H2O8.6mg/L��Na2MoO4��2H200.25mg/L��CuSO4��5H200.025mg/L��COCl2��6H2O0.025mg/L; Iron salt 12.5ml/L, by FeSO4��7H202.78g and Na2-EDTA3.73g dissolves mixing constant volume and prepares to 1L.
In the present invention, described nutritional solution without calcium includes following component:
A great number of elements: NH4H2PO4230mg/L��KNO31010mg/L��MgSO4��7H2O493mg/L��KH2PO4136mg/L��NH4NO3160mg/L; With
Trace element: KI0.83mg/L, H3BO36.3mg/L��MnSO4��4H2O22.3mg/L��ZnSO4��7H2O8.6mg/L��Na2MoO4��2H200.25mg/L��CuSO4��5H200.025mg/L��COCl2��6H2O0.025mg/L; Iron salt 12.5ml/L, by FeSO4��7H202.78g and Na2-EDTA3.73g dissolves mixing constant volume and prepares to 1L;
During use, regulating the pH value of nutritional solution between 5.5��6.5, EC value is between 1.8-2.0.
The beneficial effects of the present invention is:
(1) present invention is according to the Chinese Cabbage demand to nutrient, improves Hoagland nutritional solution with variable concentrations and cultivates stage by stage, makes normal plants; Carry out again afterwards identifying without calcium Solution culture method, it is to avoid the seedling yellow that long-term Solution culture method without calcium causes is unhealthy and strong, the problem of atypical symptom.
(2) Chinese cabbage initially enters rapid growth stage from the balling initial stage, nutrient demand is increased, and without under calcium nutritional solution CMC model, kind (selfing line) for a long time without under calcium nutrient fluid cultivation, Tipburn Disease is caused in capital by calcium deficiency, simply has sooner or later in disease time.The present invention is not using progression of falling ill as judge index, but using fall ill natural law and diseased plant rate as judge index, it is possible to solve the accuracy problem that multi items is identified the same period.
(3) present invention is according to Chinese cabbage balling initial stage plant strain growth characteristic, keeps the temperature conditions of suitable Chinese cabbage fast-growth, it is possible to accelerate Tipburn Disease Symptoms, reach accurate Rapid identification purpose in temperature-controlling green house.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with detailed description of the invention, the implementation of the present invention is described in detail.
Testing line selects:
Select 4 Tipburn Disease field Symptoms Chinese cabbage homozygous line C8 that there were significant differences, 651A, 534, SD (homozygous line by Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science Vegetable Research Institute Chinese cabbage Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae breeding group provide, wherein 651A, 534 performance height sense Tipburn Diseases, it is sick that C8, SD show Tipbum resistant) for object of study.
The accelerating germination of strain:
Each strain takes the seed of 100 full seeds, clean with distilled water flushing respectively; Preparing the glass culture dish with cover of 49 cm diameters, spread in culture dish by 9 centimetres of qualitative filter papers, lid spreads a metafiltration paper, and culture dish spreads 2 metafiltration paper, is moistened by filter paper distilled water, and carries out line numbers at culture dish lid and bottom; 4 clean strain seed reference numeral tweezers are put in culture dish, builds culture dish lid, put into accelerating germination 48 hours in the constant incubator of 25 DEG C;
The preparation of improvement Hoagland nutritional solution:
Improvement Hoagland nutritional solution specifically includes following component: a great number of elements: Ca (NO3)2��4H2O945mg/L��KNO3506mg/L��MgSO4��7H2O493mg/L��KH2PO4136mg/L��NH4NO380mg/L; And trace element: KI0.83mg/L, H3BO36.3mg/L��MnSO4��4H2O22.3mg/L��ZnSO4��7H2O8.6mg/L��Na2MoO4��2H200.25mg/L��CuSO4��5H200.025mg/L��COCl2��6H2O0.025mg/L; Iron salt 12.5ml/L, by FeSO4��7H202.78g and Na2-EDTA3.73g dissolves mixing constant volume and prepares to 1L.
First prepare calcic a great number of elements (concentrating 100 times), without calcium a great number of elements (concentrating 100 times), trace element (concentrating 100 times), iron salt (concentrating 200 times) stock solution, then 10L graduated plastic's measuring cup is taken, take calcic a great number of elements, without calcium calcium a great number of elements, the trace element concentration each 100ml of stock solution, iron salt concentration stock solution 125ml, adding distilled water to 10 liters of scales, it is 6.0 standby for then adjusting solution ph.
The nutritional solution nursery of strain:
1. prepare the plastic pallet of 4 50 hole dishes and press family name numbering, tap water is added to plastic pallet 1/2 highly in plastic pallet, pallet adds the nutritional solution prepared in right amount and mixes, solution E C value is measured by Portable conductivity meter, until solution E C value reaches 0.20-0.21, regulating liquid PH value is 6.0, is put in plastic pallet by 50 hole seedling culture hole plates.
2. preparing 200, cylinder water planting sponge of white, sponge diameter 3.0-3.2cm, height 3.5cm, sponge crown center has yi word pattern otch, incision length and the degree of depth to be about 1.0-1.2cm.
3. selecting 4 complete seeds of strain accelerating germination, consistent for germinating energy and bud are chosen up to the seed to 0.5cm, bud is lowered in water planting sponge otch, makes seed top concordant with sponge cut sides. Seed-bearing water planting sponge will be put and be correspondingly placed in hole tray, and regulate sponge height, make nutrition liquid level reach water planting sponge mid-height. Carry out conventional seedbed system management.
The variable concentrations nutritional solution stage cultivates:
1. after seedling true leaf grows, pallet adds the nutritional solution prepared in right amount and mixes, solution E C value is measured by Portable conductivity meter, until solution E C value reaches 0.50-0.51, adjusting tray Middle nutrition liquid pH value is 6.0, carry out conventional seedbed system management, observe one time of nutrition liquid height every day, ensure that sponge contacts with nutrition liquid level, every two days detection one time of nutrition liquid pH value and EC value, be adjusted beyond pH value change threshold (5.8-6.2) and EC value change threshold (0.35-0.60).
2. it is cultured to seedling when being 4 leaf 1 heart, pallet adds the nutritional solution prepared in right amount and mixes, solution E C value is measured by Portable conductivity meter, until solution E C value reaches 1.0-1.1, adjusting tray Middle nutrition liquid pH value is 6.0, carry out conventional seedbed system management, observe one time of nutrition liquid height every day, ensure that sponge contacts with nutrition liquid level, every two days detection one time of nutrition liquid pH value and EC value, be adjusted beyond pH value change threshold (5.8-6.2) and EC value change threshold (0.8-1.2). Conventional seedling management, continues cultivation 5��7 days;
The preparation of nutritional solution without calcium:
Nutritional solution without calcium specifically includes following component: a great number of elements: NH4H2PO4230mg/L��KNO31010mg/L��MgSO4��7H2O493mg/L��KH2PO4136mg/L��NH4NO3160mg/L; And trace element: KI0.83mg/L, H3BO36.3mg/L��MnSO4��4H2O22.3mg/L��ZnSO4��7H2O8.6mg/L��Na2MoO4��2H200.25mg/L��CuSO4��5H200.025mg/L��COCl2��6H2O0.025mg/L; Iron salt 12.5ml/L, by FeSO4��7H202.78g and Na2-EDTA3.73g dissolves mixing constant volume and prepares to 1L;
During preparation, first prepare a great number of elements (concentrating 100 times), trace element (concentrating 100 times), iron salt (concentrating 200 times) stock solution, standby. During use, regulating the pH value of nutritional solution between 5.5��6.5, EC value is between 1.8-2.0.
Field planting is cultivated and morbidity is observed
1. path length 3.6m, wide 1.2m, the foam hydroponic box of high 15cm centimetre 1, the double-colored reflective membrane of interior paving in placing in temperature-controlling green house, white is towards upper, adding tap water, water surface elevation reaches 12cm, and volume is about 520L, add a great number of elements stock solution 5.2L, trace element storing solution 5.2L, iron salt 6.5L, measure solution E C value by Portable conductivity meter, till adjustment solution E C value reaches 2.0, pH value is 6.0.
2. being taped against on nutritional solution by punching cystosepiment floating, aperture is identical with water planting sponge diameter, pitch of holes 12cm, and totally 6 row 20 arrange, and cystosepiment bottom is stained with the foam strip of thickness 1cm every string, it is to avoid punching cystosepiment and the laminating of the nutrition page.
3. select the seedling of 4 strain growing way neat and consistent, field planting to cystosepiment, each strain field planting 30 strain, field planting seeding row spacing 12 �� 12 centimetres, adopt beat oxygen ventilate; Keep in greenhouse temperature 25��30 DEG C in daytime, night temperature 22��25 DEG C. Every two days detection one time of nutrition liquid pH value and EC value, be adjusted beyond pH value change threshold (5.8-6.2) and EC value change threshold (1.8-2.2), conventional seedling management.
4. field planting starts to observe 4 strain young leaves tipburn incidences after cultivating 3 days, and the leaf margin such as young leaves occurs that namely withered limit is considered as morbidity, falls ill as the index determining this strain disease time using 30% plant of strain; Sooner or later judge that the resistance to low calcium of each strain is strong and weak arriving disease time, arrive disease time the latest be the Chinese cabbage strain that resistance to low calcium is the strongest.
Result of the test
Sense tipburn strain 651A cultivates and begins with disease symptom in 3 days, within 5 days, has 30% plant morbidity; Sense tipburn strain 534 is cultivated 4 days plant disease symptom, within 5 days, has 30% plant morbidity; Tipbum resistant disease strain 534 is cultivated 12 days disease symptom, within 15 days, having 30% plant morbidity, Tipbum resistant disease strain C8 cultivates has disease symptom in 16 days, within 18 days, has 30% plant morbidity, can clearly distinguish anti-, sense Tipburn Disease strain morbidity difference by the method, reach the purpose of precise Identification.
Claims (3)
1. the seedling screening method of a resistance to low calcium Chinese cabbage strain, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
(1) object screened as the same period using the Chinese cabbage of multiple strains, each strain takes the seed of 100 full seeds; Put in the culture dish of the moistening filter paper of band after cleaning with distilled water, accelerating germination 48 hours in the incubator of 25 DEG C;
(2) each strain is selected seed that 50 grain germination gesture are consistent respectively, put into cylinder water planting sponge with tweezers; Water planting sponge is put in 50 hole dishes, bottom hole tray, place plastic pallet; Adding the improvement Hoagland nutritional solution that conductivity value is 0.2mS/cm in pallet, the liquid level of nutritional solution reaches water planting sponge mid-height, and regulating liquid PH value is 6.0, carries out seedling management;
(3) after seedling true leaf grows, being 0.5mS/cm by pallet, improvement Hoagland nutritional solution is adjusted to conductivity value, regulating liquid PH value is 6.0, continues to cultivate;
(4) being cultured to seedling when being 4 leaf 1 heart, by improveing Hoagland nutritional solution in pallet, to adjust conductivity value be 1.0mS/cm, and regulating liquid PH value is 6.0, continues cultivation 5��7 days;
(5) selecting the seedling of each strain growing way neat and consistent, field planting is to filling in the hydroponic box without calcium nutritional solution, and regulating in hydroponic box without calcium nutritional solution EC value is 2.0mS/cm, and pH value is 6.0; Each strain field planting 30 strain, field planting seeding row spacing 12 �� 12 centimetres; Hydroponic box is placed in temperature-controlling green house, adopts and plays oxygen ventilation; Keep in greenhouse temperature 25��30 DEG C in daytime, night temperature 22��25 DEG C;
(6) field planting starts to observe young leaves tipburn incidence after cultivating 3 days, and the leaf margin such as young leaves occurs that namely withered limit is considered as morbidity, falls ill as the index determining this strain disease time using 30% plant of certain strain; Sooner or later judge that the resistance to low calcium of each strain is strong and weak arriving disease time, arrive disease time the latest be the Chinese cabbage strain that resistance to low calcium is the strongest.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described improvement Hoagland nutritional solution includes following component:
A great number of elements: Ca (NO3)2��4H2O945mg/L��KNO3506mg/L��MgSO4��7H2O493mg/L��KH2PO4136mg/L��NH4NO380mg/L; With
Trace element: KI0.83mg/L, H3BO36.3mg/L��MnSO4��4H2O22.3mg/L��ZnSO4��7H2O8.6mg/L��Na2MoO4��2H200.25mg/L��CuSO4��5H200.025mg/L��COCl2��6H2O0.025mg/L; Iron salt 12.5ml/L, by FeSO4��7H202.78g and Na2-EDTA3.73g dissolves mixing constant volume and prepares to 1L.
3. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described nutritional solution without calcium includes following component:
A great number of elements: NH4H2PO4230mg/L��KNO31010mg/L��MgSO4��7H2O493mg/L��KH2PO4136mg/L��NH4NO3160mg/L; With
Trace element: KI0.83mg/L, H3BO36.3mg/L��MnSO4��4H2O22.3mg/L��ZnSO4��7H2O8.6mg/L��Na2MoO4��2H200.25mg/L��CuSO4��5H200.025mg/L��COCl2��6H2O0.025mg/L; Iron salt 12.5ml/L, by FeSO4��7H202.78g and Na2-EDTA3.73g dissolves mixing constant volume and prepares to 1L;
During use, regulating the pH value of nutritional solution between 5.5��6.5, EC value is between 1.8-2.0.
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| CN117121816A (en) * | 2023-08-29 | 2023-11-28 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Method for identifying resistance of leaf stalk black spot of Chinese cabbage |
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| CN117121816A (en) * | 2023-08-29 | 2023-11-28 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Method for identifying resistance of leaf stalk black spot of Chinese cabbage |
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| CN105638417B (en) | 2018-12-04 |
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