CN105626076B - It is a kind of to draw bucket shovel zigzag working berm high-efficiency mining method - Google Patents
It is a kind of to draw bucket shovel zigzag working berm high-efficiency mining method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105626076B CN105626076B CN201610220607.XA CN201610220607A CN105626076B CN 105626076 B CN105626076 B CN 105626076B CN 201610220607 A CN201610220607 A CN 201610220607A CN 105626076 B CN105626076 B CN 105626076B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/26—Methods of surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/28—Methods of surface mining; Layouts therefor for brown or hard coal
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C47/00—Machines for obtaining or the removal of materials in open-pit mines
- E21C47/02—Machines for obtaining or the removal of materials in open-pit mines for coal, brown coal, or the like
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Shovels (AREA)
- Component Parts Of Construction Machinery (AREA)
Abstract
The embodiment of the present invention discloses a kind of drawing bucket shovel zigzag working berm high-efficiency mining method, is related to Opencut coal mine mining technical field, can improve drawing bucket and shovel operating efficiency.It is described to draw bucket shovel zigzag working berm high-efficiency mining method, including：Pinpoint blasting is carried out to the entity rock step on coal seam top and forms quick-fried heap；Using bull-dozer, power shovel, truck integration of operation is smooth and the quick-fried heap of stripping, the drawing bucket for forming predetermined altitude shovel operation square position, and drawing shovel operation square position of struggling against, close to the edge of refuse dump side, expansion is formed with saw tooth type wharf；When shovel operation square position of struggling against is drawn to expand to form a no less than saw tooth type wharf close to the edge of refuse dump side, bucket shovel is drawn to walk into ditch to working region；Bucket shovel is drawn to walk in carry out casting operation on the inside of saw tooth type wharf between square position and saw tooth type wharf successively according to scheduled track route.The present invention is suitable for open coal mine and draws bucket shovel overcast stripping exploitation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of open coal mining, in particular to a method for efficiently mining a zigzag working flat plate of a dragline.
Background
The main operation flow of the domestic open pit coal mine application non-transportation reverse stacking process is as follows:
(1) the solid high step is thrown and blasted in advance to form a blasting pile;
(2) a bulldozer, a single hopper and a truck assist in stripping part of the blasting pile, and expanding and leveling the flat plate;
(3) the dragline stands on the flat plate to carry out the reverse stacking operation.
In the application of the domestic non-transportation reverse stacking process, the dragline usually stands on a rectangular flat plate constructed by combining a bulldozer, a single-bucket excavator and a truck for reverse stacking. The arrangement mode of the non-transportation reverse stacking process and the design mode of the operation flat plate mainly have the following problems in field practice: (1) the rectangular design of the operating flat plate of the dragline concentrates excessive materials at the coal ditch, thereby increasing the flat plate expanding operation amount of a single-bucket excavator and a truck, increasing the secondary dumping amount in the dumping and stripping link of the dragline, and indirectly reducing the effective dumping efficiency of the dragline; (2) in order to effectively exert the single-machine operation capacity of the dragline, certain height requirements of the operation flat disc need to be guaranteed, the width of the operation flat disc is bound to be limited by the rectangular design, so that the dragline operation machine position is far away from a waste dump, and the operation efficiency of the dragline is limited in the aspects of dumping space and reverse stacking and transporting distance.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the embodiment of the invention provides an efficient mining method for a zigzag working flat plate of a dragline, which can improve the working efficiency of the dragline and reduce the stripping cost.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiment of the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for efficiently exploiting a dragline sawtooth-shaped working flat disc comprises the following steps:
step 1, carrying out throwing blasting on solid rock steps at the upper part of a coal seam to form a blasting pile;
step 2, leveling and blasting piles by adopting a bulldozer to form an operation flat plate and a transportation channel of a single-bucket excavator and a truck;
step 3, leveling and stripping the explosive pile by adopting combined operation of a bulldozer, a single bucket excavator and a truck to form a dragline operation flat disc with a preset height, wherein a zigzag wharf is formed at the edge of one side of the dragline operation flat disc close to a waste dump;
step 4, when the edge of one side of the dragline operation flat disc, which is close to the refuse dump, is expanded to form at least one zigzag wharf, the dragline walks into the ditch to a working area;
step 5, the dragline sequentially walks between the flat disc on the inner side of the zigzag wharf and the zigzag wharf according to a preset walking route to perform reverse stacking operation;
and 6, repeating the cyclic propelling of the steps 3 to 5 by the bulldozer, the single bucket excavator, the truck and the dragline until the explosive pile-turning operation of the whole unit area is completed.
Optionally, the blasting the solid rock step at the upper part of the coal seam to form a blasting pile comprises:
and (4) throwing blasting the solid rock step at the upper part of the coal seam to directly throw 1/3 material amount into a dumping site.
Optionally, the dragline platform has a height of 13-14 m.
Optionally, the distance T between adjacent zigzag wharfs is determined according to the following calculation formula:
T＝[33.3-0.56H]L-D；
in the formula:
h is the height of the working step of the dragline;
l is the moving step length of the dragline;
d is a reverse shift margin.
Optionally, the edge of the zigzag wharf is arc-shaped, and the diameter of the arc is 36.2 m.
Optionally, the dragline sequentially walks between the flat disc on the inner side of the zigzag wharf and the zigzag wharf according to a predetermined walking route to perform a reverse stacking operation, including:
the dragline carries out circular reverse piling operation between a first operation center line and a second operation center line; wherein,
the operation cycle comprises three reverse-stacking operation machine positions, the dragline firstly performs reverse-stacking operation on one machine position, then reversely moves to the second machine position along a first operation central line to perform reverse-stacking operation, then vertically moves to the third machine position on a second operation central line, and after one cycle of reverse-stacking operation is completed, the third machine position returns along the original path and moves to the next cycle of the first machine position to continue reverse-stacking operation.
Optionally, the first machine position is 90m away from the next step to be blasted.
According to the method for efficiently mining the dragline sawtooth-shaped working flat disc, the edge of one side, close to a refuse dump, of the dragline working flat disc is expanded to form a sawtooth-shaped wharf, and a dragline sequentially walks between the flat disc on the inner side of the sawtooth-shaped wharf and the sawtooth-shaped wharf according to a preset walking route to perform reverse stacking operation; therefore, by optimally designing the space geometric form and the layout of the operating flat plate of the dragline and the shovel moving route of the dragline, the stripping amount of a bulldozer, a single bucket excavator and a truck in a transportation-free reverse-stacking integrated process system and the repeated operation amount of reverse stacking of the dragline, namely the secondary reverse stacking amount, are effectively reduced, the shovel moving program of the dragline is simplified, the production stripping ratio of a working face is balanced, the process efficiency is exerted, the operating efficiency of the dragline is improved, and the stripping cost is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a high step to be blasted by one wing;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a high-step-throw blasting with one wing;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a preliminary leveling operation of the bulldozer;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a saw-tooth dock operation flat plate arrangement;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram comparing a rectangular flat disc with a sawtooth flat disc;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a shovel path and a working machine position of two adjacent cycles of the dragline.
In the figure: 1. a high step to be blasted, 2, a coal layer, 3, a dumping pile, 4, a throwing and blasting pile, 5, a single-bucket excavator, a transportation channel of a truck, 6, a single-bucket excavator, an operation flat disc formed by leveling and stripping the dumping pile of the truck, 7, a propulsion direction of the single-bucket excavator, the leveling and stripping the dumping pile of the truck, 8, a propulsion direction of the dumping pile of the dragline shovel, 9, a first position of the circulating dumping pile operation of the dragline, 10, a second position of the circulating dumping pile operation of the dragline, 11, a third position of the circulating dumping pile operation of the dragline, 12, a sawtooth wharf of the dragline, 13, a first operation central line of the dumping pile of the dragline, 14, a second operation central line of the circulating dragline of the rectangular flat disc, 15, a second operation central line of the dumping pile of the sawtooth flat disc, 16, a second operation central line offset distance (4m), 17, a production walking route of two adjacent circulating draglines of the dragline, 18, a dragline chassis, 19. a flat disc at the inner side of the dragline operation wharf.
Detailed Description
The method for efficiently mining the zigzag working flat plate of the dragline according to the embodiment of the invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It should be understood that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-6, an embodiment of a dragline zigzag work pan high efficiency mining method of the present invention comprises:
step 1, carrying out throwing blasting on solid rock steps on the upper part of a coal seam to form a blasting pile.
In the step, a perforating drilling machine is adopted to drill blast holes on a solid high step on the upper part of the coal seam in advance, and then explosives are arranged for throwing blasting. The throw rate of the throw blast can reach 33%, throwing a strip volume of about 1/3 directly into the gob.
And 2, leveling and blasting piles by adopting a bulldozer to form an operation flat plate and a transportation channel of a single-bucket excavator and a truck.
And 3, leveling and stripping the explosive piles by adopting combined operation of a bulldozer, a single bucket excavator and a truck to form a dragline operation flat disc with a preset height, wherein a zigzag wharf is formed at the edge of one side of the dragline operation flat disc close to the waste dump.
In this embodiment, after the throwing blasting is performed, the bulldozer performs the lowering operation on the blasting pile, and this operation mainly has two functions, namely, lowering the height of the blasting pile of the throwing blasting step, preparing a work site for the side brushing electric shovel, directly pushing a part of the stripping amount to the goaf, and preparing an operation panel for the dragline while lowering the section.
Leveling the top of the blasting pile by a bulldozer, preparing a working flat disc of a single-bucket electric shovel, adjusting the single-bucket excavator (commonly called electric shovel) to brush the side, reversely piling the residual blasting amount on the slope surface formed after presplitting blasting to the outer side, and brushing presplitting holes on the slope surface with high steps. The bulldozer tracks behind the electric shovel, pushes the explosive amount poured out by the electric shovel to one side of the waste dump, partially lowers the explosive pile, and serves as an extension platform for the dragline.
After the electric shovel finishes the upper brushing side work of the pre-splitting surface, the work site is leveled through a bulldozer, when the truck transportation condition is met, the electric shovel is adjusted to one end of the dragline to be operated, the lowering operation is carried out in a mode of adopting the end working surface, the stripping amount is discarded to one side, close to the refuse dump, of the standing position of the dragline by a truck, the dragline is used as an extension platform, and the edge, close to the refuse dump, of one side of a flat plate for the dragline operation is extended to form a wharf zigzag shape.
When the width of the extension platform of the dragline meets the operation condition, the truck is matched with the electric shovel to use the residual explosive quantity as the dragline to serve as a connecting road or an end slope connecting road of a working face, and after the route meets the passing condition of the truck, the residual explosive quantity of the electric shovel operation is directly discharged to an inner earth dump by the truck. Therefore, the working amount of the dragline is reduced, and the discharge space of the dragline is saved.
In this embodiment, the height of the dragline platform is preferably 13-14 m. When the height of the operation flat plate is 13-14m, the single machine of the dragline has the highest operation efficiency of reverse stacking.
And 4, when the edge of one side, close to the refuse dump, of the operating flat disc of the dragline is expanded to form at least one zigzag wharf, the dragline walks into the ditch to a working area.
A dragline is a large-scale walking excavator, which is used for open-pit mining of coal, shale, ferrous metal, nonferrous metal ore and the like and large-scale hydraulic engineering excavation. The main application is to carry rocks to goafs, open mines and hydraulic engineering edges during stripping. It can carry large rocks to a long distance.
And 5, sequentially walking the dragline between the flat disc on the inner side of the zigzag wharf and the zigzag wharf to perform reverse stacking operation according to a preset walking route.
And 6, repeating the cyclic propelling of the steps 3 to 5 by the bulldozer, the single bucket excavator, the truck and the dragline until the explosive pile-turning operation of the whole unit area is completed.
According to the method for efficiently mining the dragline sawtooth-shaped working flat disc, the edge of one side, close to a refuse dump, of the dragline working flat disc is expanded to form a sawtooth-shaped wharf, and a dragline sequentially walks between the flat disc on the inner side of the sawtooth-shaped wharf and the sawtooth-shaped wharf according to a preset walking route to perform reverse stacking operation; therefore, by optimally designing the space geometric form and the layout of the operating flat plate of the dragline and the shovel moving route of the dragline, the stripping amount of a bulldozer, a single bucket excavator and a truck in a transportation-free reverse-stacking integrated process system and the repeated operation amount of reverse stacking of the dragline, namely the secondary reverse stacking amount, are effectively reduced, the shovel moving program of the dragline is simplified, the production stripping ratio of a working face is balanced, the process efficiency is exerted, the operating efficiency of the dragline is improved, and the stripping cost is reduced.
In an embodiment of the method for efficiently mining the dragline saw-tooth-shaped working flat plate, optionally, the blasting the solid rock step at the upper part of the coal seam to form a blasting pile includes: and (4) throwing blasting the solid rock step at the upper part of the coal seam to directly throw 1/3 material amount into a dumping site.
In the foregoing embodiment of the method for efficiently mining a dragline saw-tooth work deck, optionally, the distance T between adjacent saw-tooth wharfs is determined according to the following calculation formula:
T＝[33.3-0.56H]L-D；
in the formula:
h is the height of the working step of the dragline;
l is the moving step length of the dragline;
d is a reverse shift margin.
In this embodiment, the distance between adjacent zigzag wharfs is the cyclic propelling step distance of the dragline.
In this embodiment, the dragline may be a 8750-65 model dragline from Bucyrus, usa, and the moving step length is 2.3m, the reverse moving margin is 12.8m, and when the height of the dragline working step is 13m, the circulating propulsion distance is 47.0 m.
In the aforementioned dragline zig-zag work pan high efficiency mining method embodiment, the zig-zag dock size may be determined by the amount of material, and the zig-zag dock width may be determined by the requirements of the dragline safety back-up pan element and the back-up service range requirements.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, as an alternative embodiment, the edge of the zigzag wharf is in the shape of a circular arc with a diameter of 36.2m, wherein the dragline work safety distance is 5m, the dragline chassis 18 has a radius of 10.6m, and the bulldozer passing width is 5 m. In this embodiment, the total length of the zigzag code 12 is 21 m.
Referring to fig. 4 to 6, in the embodiment of the method for efficiently mining the zigzag working flat discs of the dragline, optionally, the dragline sequentially walks between the inner flat disc of the zigzag wharf and the zigzag wharf according to a predetermined walking route to perform the reverse stacking operation, and the method comprises the following steps: the dragline carries out circular dumping operation between a first operation central line 13 and a second operation central line 15; wherein,
each operation cycle comprises three reverse-stacking operation machine positions, the dragline firstly performs reverse-stacking operation on a first machine position 9, then reversely moves to a second machine position 10 along a first operation central line 13 to perform reverse-stacking operation, then vertically moves to a third machine position 11 on a second operation central line 15, and after one cycle of reverse-stacking operation is completed, the third machine position 11 returns along the original path and moves to the first machine position 9 of the next cycle to continue reverse-stacking operation.
In the embodiment, the straight line connecting the first station 9 and the second station 10 in each cycle is called a first operation center 13 of the dragline, and the straight line connecting the third station 11 in each cycle is called a second operation center line 15 of the dragline.
In the embodiment of the efficient mining method of the dragline zigzag working flat disc, optionally, the first machine position is 90m away from the next step to be blasted.
The embodiment of the invention provides a novel mining method of a zigzag working flat disc of a dragline based on the operation characteristics and the shovel walking rule of the dragline, which has the advantages that the design of the ① zigzag working flat disc can effectively avoid the accumulation of the dumped materials at a coal ditch, more materials are directly dumped into an inner dumping field by a bulldozer, a single bucket excavator and a truck, so that the secondary dumping amount in the whole dumping process is reduced, the integral stripping efficiency of the non-transportation dumping process is improved, ② in the design of the zigzag working flat disc, a shovel walking path of the dragline and an operating machine position, each wharf sawtooth is the dumping operating machine position of the dragline, the protruding structure of the sawtooth wharf towards the inner dumping field direction enables the operating machine position of the dragline on the wharf to be closer to the inner dumping field, a larger inner dumping space can be provided, a smaller dumping operating angle ③ is provided, the operation of the zigzag working flat disc on the wharf is more flexibly controlled by the optimal working position of the dragline, the optimal working flat disc of the wharf, the operation of the wharf is not influenced by the pulling shovel, the operation of the dock, the operation of the dock is more flexible than the operation, the operation of the pulling shovel, the operation of the dock, the operation of the dock is not limited by the operation of the pulling shovel, the operation of the pulling shovel, the dock, the operation of the dock, the operation of the dock is not limited by the operation of the operation, the operation of the dock, the operation of the operation flat disc, the operation of the.
The above description is only for the specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (6)
1. A mining method of a dragline sawtooth-shaped working flat disc is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, carrying out throwing blasting on solid rock steps at the upper part of a coal seam to form a blasting pile;
step 2, leveling and blasting piles by adopting a bulldozer to form an operation flat plate and a transportation channel of a single-bucket excavator and a truck;
step 3, leveling and stripping the explosive pile by adopting combined operation of a bulldozer, a single bucket excavator and a truck to form a dragline operation flat disc with a preset height, wherein a zigzag wharf is formed at the edge of one side of the dragline operation flat disc close to a waste dump;
step 4, when the edge of one side of the dragline operation flat disc, which is close to the refuse dump, is expanded to form at least one zigzag wharf, the dragline walks into the ditch to a working area;
step 5, the dragline sequentially walks between the flat disc on the inner side of the zigzag wharf and the zigzag wharf according to a preset walking route to perform reverse stacking operation;
step 6, repeating the cyclic propelling of the step 3 to the step 5 by the bulldozer, the single bucket excavator, the truck and the dragline until the explosive pile-dumping operation of the whole unit area is completed;
according to the predetermined walking route, the dragline walks in proper order and carries out the operation of falling the heap between inboard tie plate of zigzag pier and zigzag pier, includes:
the dragline carries out circular reverse piling operation between a first operation center line and a second operation center line; wherein,
the operation cycle comprises three reverse-stacking operation machine positions, the dragline firstly performs reverse-stacking operation on one machine position, then reversely moves to the second machine position along a first operation central line to perform reverse-stacking operation, then vertically moves to the third machine position on a second operation central line, and after one cycle of reverse-stacking operation is completed, the third machine position returns along the original path and moves to the next cycle of the first machine position to continue reverse-stacking operation.
2. The dragline mining method of claim 1, wherein the step of blasting solid rock above the coal seam to form a mound comprises: and (4) throwing blasting the solid rock step at the upper part of the coal seam to directly throw 1/3 material amount into a dumping site.
3. A dragline zig-zag work pan mining method as in claim 1 wherein the height of the dragline pan is 13-14 m.
4. A dragline zigzag working pan mining method as in claim 1, 2 or 3,
the distance T between adjacent zigzag wharfs is determined according to the following calculation formula:
T＝[33.3-0.56H]L-D；
in the formula:
h is the height of the working step of the dragline;
l is the moving step length of the dragline;
d is a reverse shift margin.
5. A dragline zigzag working pan mining method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3,
the edge of the zigzag wharf is arc-shaped, and the diameter of the arc is 36.2 m.
6. A dragline zigzag work deck mining method as in claim 1 wherein the first machine location is 90m from the next bench to be blasted.
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| CN106121651B (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2018-08-14 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Draw the intelligent less important work method and device of bucket shovel |
| CN106930765B (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2019-01-11 | 福建省新华都工程有限责任公司 | The Ratio in Open-pit Mine dress method of dress process realization cost efficiency is inherently adopted in a kind of change |
| CN109944592B (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2020-10-16 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Method for designing height of throwing blasting step in dragline dump process |
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| CN103216237B (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2015-11-18 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司 | A kind of Opencut coal mine mining technique |
| CN103256051B (en) * | 2013-05-14 | 2015-08-26 | 中国煤炭科工集团太原研究院 | The continuous coal winning technology method of double-vane of open coal mine |
| CN103388478B (en) * | 2013-07-30 | 2015-07-15 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司 | Forming method for transportation road of bucket shovel applied to open pit coal mine |
| CN103470262A (en) * | 2013-09-12 | 2013-12-25 | 中国矿业大学 | Mining method of nearly horizontal mineral deposit of opencast coal field by casting and internally dumping |
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