CN105625044A - 织物印染前处理工艺 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了织物印染前处理工艺，织物印染前处理工艺，包括原布准备、烧毛、退浆、煮练、漂白、丝光，还包括抗菌处理，所述抗菌处理对原布进行处理，所述退浆工艺是将织物先浸于处理液中，其具体步骤为：采用酶浸渍法，该浸渍法中采用复配酶液，该复配酶液由淀粉酶、角质酶、聚氧乙烯脂肪醇醚、碘化钾复配得到，控制酶液pH值在6.0-8.0，该复配酶液用量为6-8g/L,该处理液温度控制在48℃，在浸渍过程中进行保温搅动，搅动次数控制在半小时一次，持续半分钟。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于织物印染处理技术领域，具体涉及一种织物印染前处理工艺。
背景技术
织物的经纱，在织造前大都先经过浆纱，以提高经纱的强度、耐磨性和光滑程度，而浆料在染整过程中会影响织物的润湿性，并阻碍化学品对纤维接触，因此织物染整前一般都先经退浆处理，而针对纤维，特别是棉纤维，棉纤维伴着生物、棉籽壳以及退浆后残余浆料则必须通过煮练除去，以使织物获得良好的润湿性及外观。
对织物的退浆和煮练，通常采用碱处理，但该种处理方式会产生大量的碱性废水，对环境造成不良影响，目前市场上新兴的生物酶法具有反应速度、环保有效地有点，但同时生物酶具有强烈的专一性，无法有效地去除织物中所有需要去除的成分。
故，需要一种新的技术问题以解决上述问题。
发明内容
发明目的：针对上述现有技术存在的问题和不足，本发明的目的是提供一种织物印染前处理工艺，以提高处理效果，且处理后的织物手感更佳。
技术方案：本发明公开了织物印染前处理工艺，织物印染前处理工艺，包括原布准备、烧毛、退浆、煮练、漂白、丝光，还包括抗菌处理，所述抗菌处理对原布进行处理，所述退浆工艺是将织物先浸于处理液中，其具体步骤为：采用酶浸渍法，该浸渍法中采用复配酶液，该复配酶液由淀粉酶、角质酶、聚氧乙烯脂肪醇醚、碘化钾复配得到，控制酶液pH值在6.0-8.0，该复配酶液用量为6-8g/L,该处理液温度控制在48℃，在浸渍过程中进行保温搅动，搅动次数控制在半小时一次，持续半分钟。
作为本发明的进一步优化，本发明所述的淀粉酶浓度为3-5g/L，角质酶浓度1-2g/L,聚氧乙烯脂肪酸醇醚浓度2-4g/L，碘化钾1-2g/L。
作为本发明的进一步优化，本发明当搅拌次数超过2次时，对处理液进行加热，加热至58℃后进行保温，加入浓度为1-2g/L的渗透剂JFC、浓度为0.3-0.5g/L的精炼剂和2-3g/L的乳化剂。
作为本发明的进一步优化，本发明在58℃条件下浸渍80min，然后进行水洗，时间为8min。
作为本发明的进一步优化，本发明所述的抗菌处理为将原布浸渍在抗菌溶液内，温度保持在30-35℃，浸泡时间为5min,浸泡期间对原布进行1-2次搅动。
作为本发明的进一步优化，本发明所述的抗菌溶液由抗菌助剂和去离子水组成，该抗菌助剂各成分具体体积配比：甲壳素35％、皂角素25％、双丙酮醇10％、水杨酸异丙酯10％、椰油酸钠10％、安息香10％。
作为本发明的进一步优化，本发明所述的抗菌助剂浓度为10-15g/L。
有益效果：本发明与现有技术相比，具有以下优点：先采用复配酶液进行处理，可将织物中的大部分浆料进行分解去除，能够降低了烧碱的处理负荷，可减少后续烧碱处理时的用量，减少污水量，降低对环境的影响，且采用抗菌处理，能够保证原布质量，处理后的织物手感更佳，且具有更高的经济价值。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体的实施例对本发明进行详细说明，但同时说明本发明的保护范围并不局限于本实施例的具体范围，基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
表1：复配酶液(水溶液)配方表
按表1所对应的数据，称取各原料，加入温度控制在48℃的水中，再添加氢氧化钠或碘化钾，调节到各pH值，搅拌均匀，即得到织物用退浆复配酶液。
实施例1
将复配酶液保持48℃下织物浸渍在该复配酶液中，复配酶液用量为6g/L，将织物浸渍90min，在浸渍过程中进行保温搅动，搅动次数控制在半小时一次，持续半分钟，当搅拌次数超过2次时，对复配酶液进行加热，加热至58℃后进行保温，加入浓度为1g/L的渗透剂JFC、浓度为0.3g/L的精炼剂和2g/L乳化剂，在58℃条件下浸渍80min，浸渍完成后，在100℃汽蒸，然后水洗，干燥。
实施例2
将复配酶液保持48℃下织物浸渍在该复配酶液中，复配酶液用量为7g/L，将织物浸渍70min，在浸渍过程中进行保温搅动，搅动次数控制在半小时一次，持续半分钟，当搅拌次数超过2次时，对复配酶液进行加热，加热至58℃后进行保温，加入浓度为1g/L的渗透剂JFC、浓度为0.4g/L的精炼剂和2.5g/L乳化剂，在58℃条件下浸渍80min，浸渍完成后，在100℃汽蒸，然后水洗，干燥。
实施例3
将复配酶液保持48℃下织物浸渍在该复配酶液中，复配酶液用量为8g/L，将织物浸渍60min，在浸渍过程中进行保温搅动，搅动次数控制在半小时一次，持续半分钟，当搅拌次数超过2次时，对复配酶液进行加热，加热至58℃后进行保温，加入浓度为2g/L的渗透剂JFC、浓度为0.5g/L的精炼剂和2.5g/L乳化剂，在58℃条件下浸渍80min，浸渍完成后，在100℃汽蒸，然后水洗，干燥。
表2：与实施例1相对比的对比例的复配酶液配方表
对比例1
按表2所对应的数据，称取各原料，按实施例1的方法，即可得到退浆复配酶液。
将复配酶液保持48℃下织物浸渍在该复配酶液中，复配酶液用量为6g/L，将织物浸渍90min，在浸渍过程中进行保温搅动，搅动次数控制在半小时一次，持续半分钟，当搅拌次数超过2次时，对复配酶液进行加热，加热至58℃后进行保温，加入浓度为1g/L的渗透剂JFC、浓度为0.3g/L的精炼剂和2g/L乳化剂，在58℃条件下浸渍80min，浸渍完成后，在100℃汽蒸，然后水洗，干燥。
对比例2
按表2所对应的数据，称取各原料，按实施例1的方法，即可得到退浆复配酶液。
将复配酶液保持48℃下织物浸渍在该复配酶液中，复配酶液用量为6g/L，将织物浸渍90min，在浸渍过程中进行保温搅动，搅动次数控制在半小时一次，持续半分钟，当搅拌次数超过2次时，对复配酶液进行加热，加热至58℃后进行保温，加入浓度为1g/L的渗透剂JFC、浓度为0.3g/L的精炼剂和2g/L乳化剂，在58℃条件下浸渍80min，浸渍完成后，在100℃汽蒸，然后水洗，干燥。
对比例3
按表2所对应的数据，称取各原料，按实施例1的方法，即可得到退浆复配酶液。
将复配酶液保持48℃下织物浸渍在该复配酶液中，复配酶液用量为6g/L，将织物浸渍90min，在浸渍过程中进行保温搅动，搅动次数控制在半小时一次，持续半分钟，当搅拌次数超过2次时，对复配酶液进行加热，加热至58℃后进行保温，加入浓度为1g/L的渗透剂JFC、浓度为0.3g/L的精炼剂和2g/L乳化剂，在58℃条件下浸渍80min，浸渍完成后，在100℃汽蒸，然后水洗，干燥。
对退浆后的实施例和对比例1-3的织物，测试退浆率，测试数据，见下表3。
表3：测试数据表
| 测试项目 | 实施例1 | 对比例1 | 对比例2 | 对比例3 |
| 退浆率，％ | 94.6％ | 76.8％ | 82.6％ | 77％ |
通过表3数据比较，可明显得出，实施例1的退浆效果明显优于对比例1-3。
实施例4
本实施例在原布准备后对原布进行抗菌处理：将原布浸渍在抗菌溶液内，温度保持在30-35℃，浸泡时间为5min,浸泡期间对原布进行1-2次搅动。
本实施例的抗菌溶液由抗菌助剂和去离子水组成，该抗菌助剂各成分具体配比：甲壳素35％、皂角素25％、双丙酮醇10％、水杨酸异丙酯10％、椰油酸钠10％、安息香10％。抗菌助剂浓度为10-15g/L。
采用本实施例进行抗菌处理后的原布，在进行后续的退浆处理，退浆效果更佳。
本发明的实施例是为了示例和描述起见而给出的，而并不是无遗漏的或者将本发明限于所公开的形式。很多修改和变化对于本领域的普通技术人员而言是显而易见的。选择和描述实施例是为了更好说明本发明的原理和实际应用，并且使本领域的普通技术人员能够理解本发明从而设计适于特定用途的带有各种修改的各种实施例。
Claims (7)
1.织物印染前处理工艺，包括原布准备、烧毛、退浆、煮练、漂白、丝光，其特征在于：还包括抗菌处理，所述抗菌处理对原布进行处理，所述退浆工艺是将织物先浸于处理液中，其具体步骤为：采用酶浸渍法，该浸渍法中采用复配酶液，该复配酶液由淀粉酶、角质酶、聚氧乙烯脂肪醇醚、碘化钾复配得到，控制酶液pH值在6.0-8.0，该复配酶液用量为6-8g/L,该处理液温度控制在48℃，在浸渍过程中进行保温搅动，搅动次数控制在半小时一次，持续半分钟。
2.根据权利要求1所述的织物印染前处理工艺，其特征在于：所述淀粉酶浓度为3-5g/L，角质酶浓度1-2g/L,聚氧乙烯脂肪酸醇醚浓度2-4g/L，碘化钾1-2g/L。
3.根据权利要求2所述的织物印染前处理工艺，其特征在于：当搅拌次数超过2次时，对处理液进行加热，加热至58℃后进行保温，加入浓度为1-2g/L的渗透剂JFC、浓度为0.3-0.5g/L的精炼剂和2-3g/L的乳化剂。
4.根据权利要求3所述的织物印染前处理工艺，其特征在于：在58℃条件下浸渍80min，然后进行水洗，时间为8min。
5.根据权利要求1或4所述的织物印染前处理工艺，其特征在于：所述抗菌处理为将原布浸渍在抗菌溶液内，温度保持在30-35℃，浸泡时间为5min,浸泡期间对原布进行1-2次搅动。
6.根据权利要求5所述的织物印染前处理工艺，其特征在于：所述抗菌溶液由抗菌助剂和去离子水组成，该抗菌助剂各成分具体体积配比：甲壳素35%、皂角素25%、双丙酮醇10%、水杨酸异丙酯10%、椰油酸钠10%、安息香10%。
7.根据权利要求6所述的织物印染前处理工艺，其特征在于：所述抗菌助剂浓度为10-15g/L。
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