CN105624541B - A kind of method for improving cold work die steel as cast condition hot-working character - Google Patents
A kind of method for improving cold work die steel as cast condition hot-working character Download PDFInfo
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- CN105624541B CN105624541B CN201511022531.1A CN201511022531A CN105624541B CN 105624541 B CN105624541 B CN 105624541B CN 201511022531 A CN201511022531 A CN 201511022531A CN 105624541 B CN105624541 B CN 105624541B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C33/06—Making ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
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- Metallurgy (AREA)
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- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to field of metallurgy, more specifically to a kind of method for improving high-carbon high-alloy cold work die steel as cast condition processing characteristics, it is characterized in that adding a kind of alloy into steel, its chemical quality percentage is：The nickel (Ni) of 4 7% magnesium (Mg), 13 16% molybdenum (Mo) and surplus.The present invention can apply the refining link produced in high-carbon high-alloy cold work die steel, by adding this kind of alloy, and magnesium Mg weight/mass percentage composition can significantly improve the hot-working character of as cast condition steel in the range of 0.001% 0.005% in control steel.
Description
Technical field
It is more specifically to a kind of to be used to improve high-carbon high-alloy cold work die steel as cast condition the present invention relates to field of metallurgy
The method of processing characteristics.
Background technology
Cold work die steel is mainly for the manufacture of the mould worked under cold conditions (room temperature), such as cold punching die, cold stretch mould
Tool, cold upsetting die of car, cold extrusion die, impressing mould and screw thread thread rolling die etc., wherein the most typically trade mark are high-carbon, chromium type high cold-working
Mould steel, is characterized in thering is higher wearability, quenching degree, Light deformation, high thermal stability, high-flexural strength, its consumption
Occupy the first in cold work die steel.This kind of cold work die steel phosphorus content very high due to having in its composition and chrome content, shape
Into substantial amounts of carbide and the martensite of high alloy degree, make the characteristics of steel has high rigidity, high-wearing feature.But a large amount of nets simultaneously
It is poor that shape carbide also results in its hot-workability, is in particular in that resistance of deformation is big, malleability is poor.
The content of the invention
The invention provides a kind of method can be effectively improved high-carbon, the form of the carbide of chromium type high cold work die steel and
Distribution, so as to significantly improve the yield rate of its as cast condition high-temp plastic and pressing process, reduces production cost.
The invention aims to provide a kind of side for improving high-carbon high-alloy cold work die steel as cast condition hot-working character
Method.The form of carbide and distribution in steel can be improved by applying this method, on the one hand in cold work die steel production process,
On the other hand the non-metallic inclusion in the oxygen content and refinement steel in steel can be reduced.
The invention provides a kind of method for improving high-carbon high-alloy cold work die steel as cast condition hot-working character, methods described
According to steel grades, prepare to include pure iron, crome metal, vanadium iron, electrolytic manganese, industrial silicon, molybdenum-iron and graphite block etc. needed for smelting
Various raw materials, and the nickel magnesium molybdenum processing alloy being made up of magnesium Mg, molybdenum Mo, three kinds of elements of nickel is configured, in vaccum sensitive stove or electricity
Smelted as follows in stove：
(1) pure iron, crome metal, molybdenum-iron and vanadium iron are placed in MgO crucibles, are evacuated to 0.1Pa, electrified regulation until former
Material is all fused into metal liquid；
(2) deoxidier is added after raw material is all melting down and carries out a deoxidation；
(3) after deoxidation, argon filling adds industrial silicon, electrolytic manganese and graphite block and further melts smelting；
(4) after after raw material all fusing, 10~20min is persistently refined, makes composition more uniform；
(5) after refining, applying argon gas add nickel magnesium molybdenum according to the heterogeneity of design and handle alloy；
(6) add nickel magnesium molybdenum alloy and keep 3~10min of reaction, carry out casting ingot-forming under argon gas protection afterwards.
The molybdenum of nickel magnesium described in the above method handles alloy, it is characterized in that the chemical quality percentage of processing alloy is：Mg contains
Amount is that 4~7%, Mo contents are that 13-16%, remaining composition are Ni.
In step (5), Mg contents are by weight percent in the range of 0.001%~0.004% in control steel.
As is well known, at a temperature of steel-making, magnesium and oxygen, sulphur all have very big affinity, meanwhile, dissolving of the magnesium in steel
Degree is small, does not change the composition of molten steel.Therefore, the research that molten steel has all carried out correlation both at home and abroad is handled using magnesium or containing magnesium alloy
Work.
The result of study in laboratory shows, with Mg processing total oxygen content and sulfur content in molten steel can be reduced to
0.001% and 0.005%；Mg can make tufted Al2O3It is mingled with the spinel-type (MgOAl for becoming small, random disperse2O3)
Field trash.Effect of the magnesium in steel is concentrated mainly on three aspects：1) sublimate molten steel；2) to inclusion modification, field trash is made
It is innoxious；3) microalloying is to improve the performance of steel.
It is demonstrated experimentally that Mg has desirable influence to the hot-workability and performance of high temperature alloy and superalloy.Close
In applications of the Mg in high temperature alloy and the research of the mechanism of action, early in the mid-1960s, former Soviet Union metallurgist has just done
Substantial amounts of research work, from after 1970, the former Soviet Union, the U.S. and Japan start to publish on magazine article and specially
Profit, reports the achievement in research of this respect.
China metallurgist has carried out substantial amounts of research in high temperature alloy field, analyzes the effect machine of magnesium in high temperature alloy
System.But, application study report of the magnesium as micro alloying element in other kind fields is still rare.The country is for different steel
Kind, after researcher is handled molten steel using magnesium or magnesium alloy, influence result of the magnesium drawn to steel performance shows, micro-
Measure after magnesium processing molten steel, the mechanical property of steel, especially fracture toughness and high-temp plastic obtain obvious improvement.
The Microalloying Effect of magnesium is applicable not only to the high temperature alloy that alloy ratio is high, hot-workability is poor, in special steel production
Field can more wide popularization and application.Particularly resistance of deformation is big, malleability is poor high-carbon is simultaneously a variety of containing W, Mo, Nb, V, Cr etc.
The mould steel of carbide, high-temperature bearing steel and high-strength steel, unimach can use for reference application completely.
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing provided by the present invention is the effect contrast figure of embodiment and blank heat.Wherein：
Fig. 1 is the fracture apperance figure (900 DEG C) after the as-cast specimen drawing by high temperature of blank heat；
Fig. 2 is the fracture apperance figure (900 DEG C) after the as-cast specimen drawing by high temperature of experimental example 2；
Fig. 3 is the heat treatment after forging distribution of carbides figure of blank heat；And
Fig. 4 is the heat treatment after forging distribution of carbides figure of experimental example 2.
Embodiment
According to steel grades, pure iron as raw material, crome metal, vanadium iron, electrolytic manganese, industrial silicon, molybdenum-iron, graphite needed for being ready to
The raw materials such as block, and the nickel magnesium molybdenum alloy described in this invention content has been configured, carried out in conventional vacuum induction furnace or electric furnace
Smelt.
Specific implementation situation is as follows.
Embodiment 1
According to smelting process condition, cold work die steel D2 (Cr12Mo1V1) is added on 25kg vaccum sensitive stoves
Enter the processing alloy smelting experiment of nickel magnesium molybdenum, specific method is as follows：
(1) pure iron, crome metal, molybdenum-iron, vanadium iron are placed in MgO crucibles, are evacuated to 0.1Pa, electrified regulation until former
Material all dissolves into metal liquid；
(2) all the melting down rear deoxidier that adds carries out a deoxidation to raw material；
(3) after deoxidation, argon filling adds industrial silicon, electrolytic manganese and graphite block and further melts smelting；
(4) after alloy all melts again, 10min is persistently refined, makes composition more uniform；
(5) after refining, applying argon gas add nickel magnesium molybdenum according to design heterogeneity and handle alloy；
(6) add alloy and keep reaction 8min, carry out casting ingot-forming under argon gas protection afterwards.
The composition of nickel magnesium molybdenum processing alloy said before is：Magnesium Mg：4.8%, molybdenum Mo：6.7%, nickel：88.5%；Place
The weight/mass percentage composition control of magnesium is 0.0015% in molten steel after reason.
The present embodiment obtains steel ingot compared with conventional method obtains steel ingot, and its chemical composition and mechanical property comparing result is shown in
Tables 1 and 2.
Table 1D2 steel chemical composition comparing result before and after the processing
The mechanical behavior under high temperature contrast (as-cast specimen) before and after the processing of table 2D2 steel
Embodiment 2
According to smelting process condition, cold work die steel D2 (Cr12Mo1V1) is carried out again on 25kg vaccum sensitive stoves
Addition nickel magnesium molybdenum processing alloy smelting experiment, its method used is identical with implementing 1, but the nickel magnesium molybdenum processing conjunction added
Gold composition be：Magnesium Mg：5.1%, molybdenum Mo：4.7%, nickel：90.2%, in molten steel the weight/mass percentage composition of magnesium according to
0.0050% control.
Experiment terminates the blank steel ingot that the steel ingot that is obtained afterwards handles alloy with nickel magnesium molybdenum and contrasted, its chemical composition with
Mechanical property comparing result is shown in Table shown in 3 and table 4.
Table 3D2 steel chemical composition comparing result before and after the processing
The mechanical behavior under high temperature contrast (as-cast specimen) before and after the processing of table 4D2 steel
The method using the present invention is can be seen that from the result of embodiment 1 and embodiment 2, implements steel grade D2 mainization
Point no much changes are studied, but magnesium Mg contents respectively reach 0.0012% and 0.0041% in steel.And the oxygen content in steel
Substantially reduced, respectively only the 50.0% and 57.1% of contrast experiment's heat.When the magnesium of addition is enough, also obtain
Certain desulfurized effect, the sulfur content of embodiment 2 only has the 62.8% of contrast experiment's heat.And by the mechanical property of as-cast specimen
Contrast understands that mechanical property, especially plasticity are obviously improved, the most representational contraction percentage of area, and embodiment 2 is at 900 DEG C
When, 26.1%, at 1000 DEG C is improved, 42.0% is improved, and at 1100 DEG C, improve 94.9%.
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 are respectively the fracture apperance figure after blank heat and the as-cast specimen drawing by high temperature of embodiment 2, by
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 contrast understands after being handled through the inventive method that in terms of macroscopic view, the area of shear lip aone is significantly increased, and shear lip
Area is to reflect one of important parameter of ductile rupture.
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 are respectively the distribution of carbides figure of blank heat and the heat treatment after forging sample of embodiment 2, by Fig. 3
As can be seen that the carbide size in blank sample is larger in Fig. 4, most of is strip, and entirely carbide is in
" banding " is distributed；And almost completely spherical in the sample of embodiment 2, carbide fine uniform, in Dispersed precipitate.Carbide size
Improvement with distribution can significantly improve the high-temp plastic of the steel grade.
Claims (3)
1. it is a kind of improve high-carbon high-alloy cold work die steel as cast condition hot-working character method, methods described according to steel grades,
Prepare to include the raw material of pure iron, crome metal, vanadium iron, electrolytic manganese, industrial silicon, molybdenum-iron and graphite block needed for smelting, it is characterized in that
Methods described also includes the nickel magnesium molybdenum processing alloy that configuration is made up of magnesium, molybdenum, three kinds of elements of nickel, in vaccum sensitive stove or electric furnace
Smelted as follows：
(1) pure iron, crome metal, molybdenum-iron and vanadium iron are placed in MgO crucibles, are evacuated to 0.1Pa, electrified regulation until raw material is complete
Portion is fused into metal liquid；
(2) deoxidier is added after raw material is all melting down and carries out a deoxidation；
(3) after deoxidation, argon filling adds industrial silicon, electrolytic manganese and graphite block and further melts smelting；
(4) after after raw material all fusing, 10~20min is persistently refined, makes composition more uniform；
(5) after refining, applying argon gas add nickel magnesium molybdenum according to the heterogeneity of design and handle alloy；
(6) add nickel magnesium molybdenum processing alloy and keep 3~10min of reaction, carry out casting ingot-forming under argon gas protection afterwards.
2. a kind of method for improving high-carbon high-alloy cold work die steel as cast condition hot-working character according to claim 1, its
It is characterised by that the chemical quality percentage that the nickel magnesium molybdenum handles alloy is：Mg contents be 4~7%, Mo contents be 13-16%,
Remaining composition is Ni.
3. a kind of method for improving high-carbon high-alloy cold work die steel as cast condition hot-working character according to claim 1, its
It is characterised by step (5), Mg contents are by weight percent in the range of 0.001%~0.004% in control steel.
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| CN201511022531.1A CN105624541B (en) | 2015-12-30 | 2015-12-30 | A kind of method for improving cold work die steel as cast condition hot-working character |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1511969A (en) * | 2002-11-06 | 2004-07-14 | 大同特殊钢株式会社 | Alloy tool steel and its producing method and mold using it |
| CN101775558A (en) * | 2010-02-05 | 2010-07-14 | 北京工业大学 | Fe-Cr-B cast abrasion-resistant alloy and manufacturing method thereof |
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| JP2002167644A (en) * | 2000-11-30 | 2002-06-11 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Cold tool steel having constant deformation on treatment and method for producing cold tool using the steel |
| JP2003268499A (en) * | 2002-03-08 | 2003-09-25 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | High-speed tool steel quenchable at low temperature |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1511969A (en) * | 2002-11-06 | 2004-07-14 | 大同特殊钢株式会社 | Alloy tool steel and its producing method and mold using it |
| CN101775558A (en) * | 2010-02-05 | 2010-07-14 | 北京工业大学 | Fe-Cr-B cast abrasion-resistant alloy and manufacturing method thereof |
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