CN105624541A - Method for improving as-cast hot working performance of cold work die steel - Google Patents
Method for improving as-cast hot working performance of cold work die steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN105624541A CN105624541A CN201511022531.1A CN201511022531A CN105624541A CN 105624541 A CN105624541 A CN 105624541A CN 201511022531 A CN201511022531 A CN 201511022531A CN 105624541 A CN105624541 A CN 105624541A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C33/06—Making ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of metallurgy, in particular to a method for improving the as-cast hot working performance of high-carbon and high-alloy cold work die steel. The method is characterized by comprising the step that an alloy is added to the steel and is prepared from, by chemical mass percent, 4% to 7% of magnesium (Mg), 13% to 16% of molybdenum (Mo) and the balance nickel (Ni). The method can be applied to a refining link of production of the high-carbon and high-alloy cold work die steel, the alloy is added, the mass percentage of magnesium (Mg) in the steel is controlled to range from 0.001% to 0.005%, and the hot working performance of the as-cast steel can be remarkably improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of metallurgy, say more specifically and relate to a kind of method for improving high-carbon high-alloy cold-work die steel as cast condition processing characteristics.
Background technology
Cold-work die steel is mainly for the manufacture of the mould worked under cold conditions (room temperature), such as cold punching die, cold drawing die, cold upsetting die of car, cold extrusion die, impressing mould and screw thread rolled thread mould etc., wherein the most typical trade mark is high-carbon, chromium type high cold-work die steel, being characterized in having higher wear resistance, hardening capacity, Light deformation, high thermal stability, high-flexural strength, its consumption occupy the first in cold-work die steel. This kind of cold-work die steel, owing to having very high carbon content and chrome content in its composition, defines a large amount of carbide and the martensite of high alloy degree, makes steel have the feature of high rigidity, high-wearing feature. But a large amount of carbide network also causes its hot-workability poor, and concrete manifestation is big in resistance to deformation, forging property is poor simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides the form of carbide and the distribution that a kind of method can effectively improve high-carbon, chromium type high cold-work die steel, thus significantly improves the yield rate of its as cast condition high-temp plastic and pressing process, reduces production cost.
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method improving high-carbon high-alloy cold-work die steel as cast condition hot workability. By application the method in cold-work die steel production process, form and the distribution of carbide in steel can be improved on the one hand, the oxygen level in steel and the non-metallic inclusion in refinement steel can be reduced on the other hand.
The present invention provides a kind of method improving high-carbon high-alloy cold-work die steel as cast condition hot workability, described method is according to steel grades, prepare smelt needed for comprise the various raw materials such as pure iron, chromium metal, vanadium iron, electrolytic manganese, industrial silicon, molybdenum-iron and graphite block, and configure the nickel magnesium molybdenum process alloy being made up of magnesium Mg, molybdenum Mo, nickel Ni tri-kinds of elements, smelt as follows in vacuum induction furnace or electric furnace:
(1) pure iron, chromium metal, molybdenum-iron and vanadium iron being placed in MgO crucible, be evacuated to 0.1Pa, electrified regulation is until raw material is all fused into metal liquid;
(2) after raw material is all melting down, add reductor and carry out a deoxidation;
(3) after deoxidation, fill argon, add industrial silicon, electrolytic manganese and graphite block and melt smelting further;
(4) after raw material all melts, continue refining 10��20min, make composition more even;
(5) after refining, applying argon gas, not congruent according to design adds nickel magnesium molybdenum process alloy;
(6) add nickel magnesium molybdenum alloy and keep reaction 3��10min, under argon gas shielded, carry out casting ingot-forming afterwards.
The magnesium molybdenum of nickel described in aforesaid method process alloy, is characterized in that the chemical quality per-cent processing alloy is: Mg content is 4��7%, Mo content is 13-16%, all the other compositions are Ni.
In step (5), in control steel, Mg content presses mass percent in 0.001%��0.004% scope.
As is well known, at steel-making temperature, magnesium and oxygen, sulphur all have very big avidity, and meanwhile, the solubleness of magnesium in steel is little, does not change the composition of molten steel. Therefore, it may also be useful to magnesium or all carried out relevant research work both at home and abroad containing magnesium alloy process molten steel.
The result of study in laboratory shows, the total oxygen content in molten steel and sulphur content can be made to be reduced to 0.001% and 0.005% respectively with Mg process; Mg can make tufted Al2O3It is mingled with spinel type (the MgO Al becoming disperse small, random2O3) inclusion. The effect of magnesium in steel mainly concentrates in three: 1) sublimate molten steel; 2) to inclusion modification, make inclusion innoxious; 3) microalloying is to improve the performance of steel.
Experiment proves, hot-workability and the use properties of superalloy and superalloy are had good impact by Mg. About the research of the application of Mg in superalloy and the mechanism of action, as far back as the mid-1960s, the metallurgical scholar of USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) has just done a large amount of research work, after 1970, USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics), the U.S. and Japan start to publish article and patent on magazine, the achievement in research of report this respect.
The metallurgical scholar of China has carried out big quantifier elimination in superalloy field, analyzes the mechanism of action of magnesium in superalloy. But, magnesium as micro alloying element in other kind fields applied research report still rare. Domestic for different steel grades, after investigator adopts magnesium or magnesium alloy to be processed by molten steel, the result that affects of steel performance is shown by the magnesium drawn, after trace magnesium process molten steel, the mechanical property of steel, especially fracture toughness property and high-temp plastic obtain obvious improvement.
The microalloying effect of magnesium is not only applicable to the superalloy of alloy ratio height, hot-workability difference, can more wide popularization and application at special steel production field. The high-carbon that particularly resistance to deformation is big, forging property is poor also forms the mould steel of element, high-temperature bearing steel and high-strength steel, ultrahigh-strength steel containing the multiple strong carbide such as W, Mo, Nb, V, Cr and can use for reference application completely.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing provided by the present invention is the effect contrast figure of embodiment with blank stove time. Wherein:
Fig. 1 is the fracture apperance figure (900 DEG C) after the as-cast specimen drawing by high temperature of blank contrast stove time;
Fig. 2 is the fracture apperance figure after the as-cast specimen drawing by high temperature of experimental example 2 (900 DEG C);
Fig. 3 is the heat treatment after forging distribution of carbides figure of blank contrast stove time; And
Fig. 4 is the heat treatment after forging distribution of carbides figure of experimental example 2.
Embodiment
According to steel grades, get out the raw materials such as required pure iron as raw material, chromium metal, vanadium iron, electrolytic manganese, industrial silicon, molybdenum-iron, graphite block, and configure the nickel magnesium molybdenum alloy described in this invention content, smelt in conventional vacuum induction furnace or electric furnace.
Concrete performance is as follows.
Embodiment 1
According to smelting technology condition, having carried out cold-work die steel D2 (Cr12Mo1V1) adding the process alloy smelting experiment of nickel magnesium molybdenum on 25kg vacuum induction furnace, concrete grammar is as follows:
(1) pure iron, chromium metal, molybdenum-iron, vanadium iron being placed in MgO crucible, be evacuated to 0.1Pa, electrified regulation is until raw material all dissolves into metal liquid;
(2) raw material all melting down after add reductor and carry out a deoxidation;
(3) after deoxidation, fill argon, add industrial silicon, electrolytic manganese and graphite block and melt smelting further;
(4) after alloy all melts again, continue refining 10min, make composition more even;
(5), after refining, applying argon gas, adds nickel magnesium molybdenum process alloy according to design is not congruent;
(6) add alloy and keep reaction 8min, under argon gas shielded, carry out casting ingot-forming afterwards.
The composition of the alloy of said nickel magnesium molybdenum process above is: magnesium Mg:4.8%, molybdenum Mo:6.7%, nickel Ni:88.5%; After process, in molten steel, the mass percentage of magnesium is controlled to 0.0015%.
The present embodiment is obtained compared with steel ingot obtained steel ingot with general method, and its chemical composition and mechanical property comparing result are in table 1 and table 2.
Chemical composition comparing result before and after the process of table 1D2 steel
Mechanical behavior under high temperature contrast (as-cast specimen) before and after the process of table 2D2 steel
Embodiment 2
According to smelting technology condition, cold-work die steel D2 (Cr12Mo1V1) has been carried out adding the process alloy smelting experiment of nickel magnesium molybdenum by 25kg vacuum induction furnace again, its method used is completely identical with enforcement 1, but the composition of the nickel magnesium molybdenum process alloy added is: magnesium Mg:5.1%, molybdenum Mo:4.7%, nickel Ni:90.2%, in molten steel, the mass percentage of magnesium is according to 0.0050% control.
The blank steel ingot of the steel ingot that experiment obtains after terminating and nickel magnesium molybdenum process alloy contrasts, and its chemical composition and mechanical property comparing result are in shown in table 3 and table 4.
Chemical composition comparing result before and after the process of table 3D2 steel
Mechanical behavior under high temperature contrast (as-cast specimen) before and after the process of table 4D2 steel
From the result of embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 it may be seen that adopt the method for the present invention, the main chemical compositions implementing steel grade D2 does not have much changes, but in steel, magnesium Mg content reaches 0.0012% and 0.0041% respectively. And the oxygen level in steel is obviously reduced, only has 50.0% and the 57.1% of contrast experiment's stove time respectively. When the magnesium added is abundant, have also been obtained certain sweetening effectiveness, the sulphur content of embodiment 2 only has the 62.8% of contrast experiment's stove time. And by the mechanical property contrast of as-cast specimen it will be seen that mechanical property, especially plasticity improves obviously, the representational relative reduction in area of most, embodiment 2 is when 900 DEG C, it is to increase 26.1%, when 1000 DEG C, it is to increase 42.0%, and when 1100 DEG C, it is to increase 94.9%.
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is respectively the fracture apperance figure after blank contrast stove time and embodiment 2 as-cast specimen drawing by high temperature, known after the inventive method processes by the contrast of Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, macroscopic view aspect, the area of shear lip aone obviously increases, and shear lip aone is one of important parameter of reflection ductile rupture.
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 is respectively the distribution of carbides figure of blank contrast stove time and embodiment 2 heat treatment after forging sample, by Fig. 3 Fig. 4 it may be seen that the carbide size in blank control sample is relatively big, major part be strip, and whole carbide is " band shape " distributes; And embodiment 2 sample being almost entirely spherical, carbide fine uniform, in Dispersed precipitate. The improvement of carbide size and distribution can significantly improve the high-temp plastic of this steel grade.
Claims (3)
1. one kind is improved the method for high-carbon high-alloy cold-work die steel as cast condition hot workability, described method is according to steel grades, prepare the raw material comprising pure iron, chromium metal, vanadium iron, electrolytic manganese, industrial silicon, molybdenum-iron and graphite block needed for smelting, it is characterized in that described method also comprises the nickel magnesium molybdenum process alloy configuring and being made up of magnesium, molybdenum, nickel three kinds of elements, smelt as follows in vacuum induction furnace or electric furnace:
(1) pure iron, chromium metal, molybdenum-iron and vanadium iron being placed in MgO crucible, be evacuated to about 0.1Pa, electrified regulation is until raw material is all fused into metal liquid;
(2) after raw material is all melting down, add reductor and carry out a deoxidation;
(3) after deoxidation, fill argon, add industrial silicon, electrolytic manganese and graphite block and melt smelting further;
(4) after raw material all melts, continue refining 10��20min, make composition more even;
(5) after refining, applying argon gas, not congruent according to design adds nickel magnesium molybdenum process alloy;
(6) add nickel magnesium molybdenum process alloy and keep reaction 3��10min, under argon gas shielded, carry out casting ingot-forming afterwards.
2. a kind of method improving high-carbon high-alloy cold-work die steel as cast condition hot workability according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the chemical quality per-cent of described nickel magnesium molybdenum process alloy is: Mg content is 4��7%, Mo content is 13-16%, all the other compositions are Ni.
3. a kind of method improving high-carbon high-alloy cold-work die steel as cast condition hot workability according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (5), in control steel, Mg content presses mass percent in 0.001%��0.004% scope.
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| CN201511022531.1A CN105624541B (en) | 2015-12-30 | 2015-12-30 | A kind of method for improving cold work die steel as cast condition hot-working character |
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| CN105624541B CN105624541B (en) | 2017-10-13 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109988971A (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2019-07-09 | 东北大学 | A method of producing special ultra-pure high-speed tool steel |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002167644A (en) * | 2000-11-30 | 2002-06-11 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Cold tool steel having constant deformation on treatment and method for producing cold tool using the steel |
| JP2003268499A (en) * | 2002-03-08 | 2003-09-25 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | High-speed tool steel quenchable at low temperature |
| CN1511969A (en) * | 2002-11-06 | 2004-07-14 | 大同特殊钢株式会社 | Alloy tool steel and its producing method and mold using it |
| CN101775558A (en) * | 2010-02-05 | 2010-07-14 | 北京工业大学 | Fe-Cr-B cast abrasion-resistant alloy and manufacturing method thereof |
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- 2015-12-30 CN CN201511022531.1A patent/CN105624541B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002167644A (en) * | 2000-11-30 | 2002-06-11 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Cold tool steel having constant deformation on treatment and method for producing cold tool using the steel |
| JP2003268499A (en) * | 2002-03-08 | 2003-09-25 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | High-speed tool steel quenchable at low temperature |
| CN1511969A (en) * | 2002-11-06 | 2004-07-14 | 大同特殊钢株式会社 | Alloy tool steel and its producing method and mold using it |
| CN101775558A (en) * | 2010-02-05 | 2010-07-14 | 北京工业大学 | Fe-Cr-B cast abrasion-resistant alloy and manufacturing method thereof |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109988971A (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2019-07-09 | 东北大学 | A method of producing special ultra-pure high-speed tool steel |
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