CN105622288A - Microbial target bacteria solid organic fertilizer - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to a microbial target bacteria application technology, and particularly relates to a microbial target bacteria solid organic fertilizer. The basic raw materials comprise 50 percent of a d1 organic fertilizer serving as a primary material, 25 percent of bacteria culture medium raw materials serving as auxiliary materials, and 25 percent of microbial target bacteria and additives serving as functional synergists, wherein the d1 organic fertilizer comprises 20 percent of farm manure, 10 percent of organic waste material slag and 20 percent of organic crop straw; the bacteria culture medium raw materials comprise 2 percent of a beef extract, 5 percent of soybean (extracted juice), 7 percent of syrup, 5 percent of bamboo juice and 6 percent of starch; the microbial target bacteria and the additives comprise 4 percent of bacillus subtilis (first generation) which are more than 1,000 million per gram, 4 percent of lactobacilli, 4 percent of yeast stock bacteria, 5 percent of trichoderma, 4 percent of polyaspartic acid (polypeptide active enzyme) and 4 percent of a biological enzyme activator. The microbial target bacteria solid organic fertilizer is prepared through crushing, screening, piling up in a centralized manner, synthesizing, fermenting, air-drying and the like.

Description

A kind of microorganism targeting flora solid organic fertilizer

Technical field

The invention belongs to microorganism targeting flora application technology, particularly relate to a kind of microorganism targeting flora solid organic fertilizer.

The meaning of the targeting that the present invention positions, the interpromotion and interrestraint relation referred between by the different biological inoculums in different biological Pseudomonas is orientated with function. Chosen, optimize the problem concept of the thinking model establishment of cultivation, flora composition, effect targeting location by strain.

Technical background

Along with globalization extensive use of chemical fertilizer, the impact of pesticide main trend, the consumption that makes of world Fertilizer is increased to 100,000,000 2 thousand 6 million tons in 1984 by the 14000000 of nineteen fifty tons. In the meantime, also increasing every year. This artificial inverse vicious cycle, not only causes the deterioration of the ecological environment such as soil, water body, and agricultural quality declines, and meanwhile, brings serious threat also to human survival health.

According to statistics, the whole world has 21,000,000 hectares of fertile arable lands to lose production capacity every year, goes down by this trend development, and to the end of this century, the arable area in the whole world will reduce 1/3. Ecological environment, health are brought with the impact becoming serious, has caused the great attention of people. The total cultivated area of China has descended to 1,800,000,000 mu, per capita less than 1.4 mu, has below the warning line of the per capita cultivated land 0.8 mu that the per capita cultivated land of 664 cities and counties determines in the United Nations. Realizing foodgrain self-sufficiency self-sustaining, ensure the staple food supply fundamental state policy as China, all previous governments all attach great importance to. In order to meet people's demand to grain and agricultural byproducts, it is necessary to increase grain yield, and applying chemical fertilizer is the effective means improving grain yield. Current traditional fertilizer such as nitrate fertilizer, ammoniacal nitrogen fertilizer, amide nitrogen fertilizer, cyanamide nitrogen fertilizer etc., all has certain effect of increasing production.

Generally, the chemical fertilizer of a ton is used, it is possible to increase the grain yield of 9 tons. But after 1984, the urgency of fertilizer application amount increases, and does not but bring the increase of grain yield, and contrary soil but receives destruction in various degree. Such as, in China��a little developed areas, nitrogen application is substantially excessive, causes that the nitrate nitrogen of soil accumulates in a large number, thus easily causes nitrate in the accumulation of food chain and conversion. The trace element such as copper, zinc, manganese, the vital functions plant, animal and human serves as important role, lacks this dvielement and can cause physiological dysfunctions and cause corresponding disease. Thus, it is a kind of harmful acts and efforts for expediency that the good environment to sacrifice soil is developed the economy, be subject in the end the Nature be further intensified revenge or our mankind, therefore finding and preventing soil pollution countermeasure is agriculturist's obligation one can't decline.

The sudden emergence of Tiny ecosystem agricultural, not only reflects the mankind to back to nature, a wonderful dream of protection environment. , also can man's lot to change meanwhile, bring new life.

Summary of the invention

For improving the serious threat that above-mentioned present situation is brought, protecting environment, the present invention combines as industrialization agricultural the ecological agriculture with organic agriculture, is mainly focused on the dynamic equilibrium of whole Agro-ecological System.

It is an object of the invention to: a kind of microorganism targeting flora solid organic fertilizer provided for ecological crisis and the commercial articles safety of solution facing mankind and manufacture method thereof.

The present invention has improvement soil, guarantees that soil is balanced in nutrition, improves the quality of crops, increases yield, pollution-free, is conducive to the effect of environmental protection.

Making microorganism targeting flora SOLID ORGANIC fertilizer by the present invention, every cubic centimetre of viable count is up to 3-5 hundred million, higher than common fertilizer 6-8 times.

The original effect of the present invention:

Not only have improvement soil, improve soil organic matter of cultivated land, effectively prevent and treat diseases and pests of agronomic crop, the organic quality of special agricultural product, strengthen fruit and vegetable food mouthfeel, the agricultural product input cost that extends the shelf life, reduces multivalent effect. Meanwhile, also to the challenge of being contrasted property of transgenic product market, can thoroughly allow China or even the world, be completely free of and violate the rules of nature and carry out the dependence of genetically modified crops.

As soil conditioner, feasible has efficiently controlled greenhouse vegetable planting soil salinization of soil situation and has improve soil fertility. Namely after using, it is possible to increase the miniature organism amount of soil organic matter content, ECE, available nutrient, the voidage of soil and permeability and soil, hence it is evident that improve soil fertility. Its method being combined with underground closed drainage can control greenhouse soil salinization of soil most effectively, and relative farm manure and chemical fertilizer improve the yield and quality of vegetable.

Simultaneously as soil sterilants, industrialness can be polluted the soil damaged and the soil that causes of environmental disruption and use chemical fertilizer and pesticide excessively causes the soil hardened, take sedimentation etc. to carry out soil remediation, fully achieve that cost is low, effect that instant effect, preventing and treating are held concurrently mutually.

The technical scheme is that

Original technology by the physical property optimum organization of science, functional effect targeting location. From more than 10 Pseudomonas kinds more than 90 such as photosynthetic bacteria, actinomycetes, yeast, lactic acid bacteria, choose therein: lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus), yeast original seed bacterium, trichoderma, bacillus subtilis 5% (generation), 1000 hundred million/grams upper and biological enzyme activator, poly-aspartate (poly-peptide organized enzyme) are targeting effect flora. It is made again through the high-tech means such as breeding strain, targeting combination, fermentation increment, compound cultivation.

The Essential Environment that application claims possesses is characterized by:

Microenvironment: the microenvironment of microorganism refers to directly affect microbe survival and development, the surrounding of the microbial cell the closest with the relation of microorganism;

Stability: due to the multiformity of microbe species in microbial ecosystem so that it is when a range of change of environmental condition, the characteristic of microbe species composition C.T;

Adaptability: during the microenvironment generation acute variation of microorganism, the characteristic of respective change can occur the structure of community of microorganism.

The present invention follows growth of microorganism rule:

The growth rhythm of micropopulation: phase of adjustment, logarithmic (log) phase, stable phase and decline phase;

Certain a small amount of microbial bacteria is inoculated on the fluid medium of constant container, and is positioned under suitable condition and cultivates, the micropopulation growing state in period sampling measuring culture medium;

Step is: inoculation artificial culture period sampling measuring growth.

The environmental factors that the present invention focuses on is:

Temperature: the temperature in growth of microorganism the most vigorous period is optimum growth temperature;

PH value: after exceeding optimum PH scope, can affect the stability etc. of the activity of enzyme, cell membrane, thus affecting the microorganism absorption etc. to nutrient substance; The optimum PH of most microbial bacterials is 6.5-7.5, and fungus optimum PH is 5.0-6.0;

Oxygen: the situation of oxygen content in environment, the growth to the micropopulation of different metabolic type, has different impacts. According to the microorganism requirement to oxygen content, can be divided into: aerobic, anaerobic type and amphimicrobe.

The targeting of basic recipe raw material of the present invention quantitative (by weight):

The base stock formulation principle of the present invention is: cook major ingredient with the organic farm manure of 50%dl; Adjuvant is done with 25% bacteria group culture based raw material; Function synergist is done with 25% microorganism targeting flora and additive.

50% major ingredient in composition of raw materials of the present invention includes: organic farm manure: 20% (people, fowl, animal manure just each 1/3rd); Organic waste rejected material slag: 10%; Organic agronomic crop straw: 20%;

25% adjuvant in composition of raw materials of the present invention includes:

Carnis Bovis seu Bubali cream 2%; Dare's bean 5% (extraction of the juice); Syrup 7% boiling (by white sugar 3%, sugar slag 4% mix preparation); Succus Bambusae 5%; Starch 6%;

The flora of 25% in composition of raw materials of the present invention and additive specifically include that

Bacillus subtilis 4% (generation), on 1000 hundred million/grams; Lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus) 4%; Yeast original seed bacterium 4%; Trichoderma 5%; Poly-aspartate (poly-peptide organized enzyme): 4%; Biological enzyme activator 4%.

Major ingredient target function in inventive formulation raw material:

(1) people, animal, in poultry manure fertilizer: containing the nutrient substance do not digested and not assimilated by animal in a large number, if protein, vitamin B group, lysine, mineral element, crude fat and some crude fibre, vitamin etc. are the organic substances that nutritive value is the highest.

(2) dead meal slag; Organic Chinese herb residues, waste material of edible mushroom, sugar slag, schlempe in containing N, P, K, etc. trace element and aminoacid, hormones, sugar, vitamin and the material such as lignin and cellulose.

(3) agricultural crop straw; Containing nutrient N, P, K, Ca, S and lignin and cellulose etc. necessary to crop in agricultural crop straw, be not only important Organic Ingredients and also help mushroom Fast-propagation, loose fertilizer improves the structural behaviour of fertilizer.

Adjuvant target function in inventive formulation raw material:

Carnis Bovis seu Bubali cream 2%, Dare's bean 5% (extraction of the juice), Succus Bambusae 5%, starch 6%, syrup 7% base stock in, incrystallizable nubbin in the bran of raw material of especially refining sugar slurry, can improve fermenting speed and fermented quality accelerates fungus grown.

The target function of the flora in inventive formulation raw material and additive:

(1) bacillus subtilis (Bacillussubtilis); Pathogenic bacterium are had obvious inhibitory action by subtilin that bacillus subtilis thalline produces in growth course, polymyxin, nystatin, Gramicidin isoreactivity material; the growth of plant can be promoted; add plant height and leaf area; improve the activity of plant SOD, POD and CAT protective enzyme; reduce the content of MDA, activating soil, it is prevented that harden; improve the fertilizer efficiency of soil itself, improve the yield of crops and the quality of fruit.

(2) lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus); Bifidobacterium, the breeding of harmful bacteria can be suppressed, can efficient-decomposition Organic substance, degradation of ammonia nitrogen, nitrite and heavy metal ion, lactic acid bacteria can produce metabolic active substance by breeding at short notice, available aminoacid (such as lysine and methionine) is provided, organic acid, hydrogen peroxide, carbon dioxide etc. and various vitamin (vitamin B complex and K, H etc.), bacteriocin can also be produced, as: nisalpin, lactein, bite acid rhzomorph etc. Suppress harmful bacteria breeding, make fertilizer produce slant acidity, improve overall fertile matter. Lactic acid bacteria is the activating agent of all biologies, plant, and the growings such as vegetable, fruit and corn rise important active function, and accelerates the fermentation of compost, and deodorization and soil improvement are also had remarkable result.

(3) trichoderma: trichoderma is in filamentous fungi class, for various plants pathogen, there is antagonism, especially soil transmissibility fungus, such as reaping hook pathogenic bacteria (Fusariumspp.), rotten mildew fungus (Pythiumspp.), sclerotium rolfsii (Sclerotiumrolfsii) and Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn (Rhizoctoniasolani) etc., be commonly applied to Biological control. Trichoderma mainly has the effects such as antibiosis, super parasitic and competing life for the antagonism of phytopathogen. Because trichoderma mycelial growth is quick, strong for stress tolerance, be conducive to the competition of soil environment and the foundation of group, also can produce antibiotics, such as gliotoxin and gliovirin, there is the effect of anti-rotten mildew fungus Pythiumultimum processed. Its super parasitism can make it parasitize to cause phytopathogen dead on the thalline of pathogenic fungi, causes its thalline to hang contracting death as trichoderma can parasitize on Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn.

(4) yeast: most yeast can be located away from rich in the environment of saccharide, such as some fruit (Fructus Vitis viniferae, Fructus Mali pumilae, Fructus Persicae etc.) or plant secretion thing (juice such as Radix et Caulis Opuntiae Dillenii). Some yeast are lived in insect bodies. Yeast is single celled eukaryotic microorganism, has typical eucaryotic cell structures, has cell wall, cell membrane, nucleus, Cytoplasm, vacuole, mitochondrion etc., and what have also has microbody.

Yeast is divided into fresh yeast, dry yeast two kinds, is a kind of edible, nutritious unicellular microorganism, upper of threpsology it be called " inexhaustible nutrient source ". Except protein, carbohydrate, lipid, yeast is also rich in multivitamin, mineral and enzyme. Have it is demonstrated experimentally that protein contained by every 1 kilogram of dry yeast, be equivalent to the protein content of 5 kilograms of rice, 2 kilograms of Semen sojae atricolor or 2.5 kilograms of Carnis Sus domesticas. Therefore, nutritional labeling contained in steamed bread, bread to exceed 3-4 times than large flat bread, noodles, and protein increases nearly 2 times.

Yeast after fermentation or a kind of very strong polyphenoils, it is possible to the liver protecting, have certain Detoxication. The hardening of the mineral energy defying age such as selenium in yeast, chromium, antitumor, prevention of arterial, and improve the immunity of human body. After fermentation, in flour, a kind of phytic acid affecting the element absorption such as calcium, magnesium, ferrum can be decomposed, thus improving human body to the absorption of these nutrient substance and utilization.

Yeast produces substantial amounts of carbon dioxide in dough fermentation, and due to the formation of gluten network tissue, and it is left in reticular tissue, and making baked goods tissue looseness porous, volume increases. Yeast also has the effect increasing gluten extension, and when making fermentation, produced carbon dioxide can be retained in dough, improves the gas-holding ability of dough. As then acted on without this with chemical bulking agents.

Because the main component of yeast is protein, almost account for the half content of yeast dry matter, and essential amino acid content is sufficient, the lysine content especially relatively lacked in corn is more. On the other hand, containing substantial amounts of vitamin B1, vitamin B2 and nicotinic acid. So, yeast can improve the nutritive value of fermented food.

The yeast of unicellular eukaryote has the complete gene expression regulation mechanism of comparison and the processing Modifying Capability to expression product. Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Saccharomyces.Cerevisiae) by the understanding of people the earliest, is also the yeast host at first as exogenous gene expression in molecular genetics.

Yeast equally needs similar nutrient substance with other organism lived, bacteria-like the same it have in a set of born of the same parents and exoenzyme system, the small-molecule substance easily utilized in order to macromolecular substances to resolve into cell metabolism belongs to heterotrophism.

As antibacterial, yeast must have water to survive, but the moisture that yeast needs is fewer than antibacterial, and some yeast can grow in the environment that moisture content is few, and such as Mel and fruit jam, this shows that infiltration is pressed with at a relatively high toleration by them.

Yeast can grow in the scope that pH value is 3.0-7.5, and optimum pH is pH4.5-5.0.

Under the freezing point lower than water or the temperature higher than 47 DEG C, yeast cells generally can not grow, and optimum growth temperature is typically in 20 DEG C-30 DEG C.

Yeast can grow in the environment of aerobic and anaerobic, and namely yeast is facultative anaerobe, and when aerobic, it breaks sugar into carbon dioxide and water, and when aerobic exists, Yeast Growth is very fast. When anoxia, yeast breaks sugar into ethanol and carbon dioxide. The yeast S. cerevisiae (also referred to as bakery yeast) (Saccharomycescerevisiae) that purposes is the most often mentioned, since prehuman in several thousand is just with its fermentation bread and drinks, in the process of acid ferment bread and steamed bread, dough can release carbon dioxide.

Because yeast belongs to simple unicellular eukaryote, it is easy to cultivate, and growth is rapidly, is widely used in modern biology research. If saccharomyces cerevisiae is as important model organism, also it is hereditism and molecular biological important research material.

Containing cyclic DNA---plasmid in yeast, it is possible to be used for making engineered carrier.

(5) biological enzyme activator; It is on the basis of enzyme phosphate solubilizing bacteria, adds and promote acitve organic matter that phosphorus decomposes and the efficient activator produced, activate multiple enzyme, promote that crop synthesizes multiple antibiotic substance, is obviously enhanced crop resistance; Fully meeting multiple element demand, nutrient balance is reasonable, and fertilizer efficiency is surely long, regulates Stoma of Leaves and opens a business, keep moisture, promotes root growth and vigor, resist arid and hot dry wind; Improve chlorophyll content in leaf blades, stimulate photosynthesis, strengthen the anti-adversity abilities such as cold-resistant, freeze proof, promote precocity; Activate the nutrients such as soil beneficial microbe, activation unavailable phosphorus, ferrum, calcium, magnesium, improve soil physico-chemical property; In promotion, acid agrichemical dissolve, Synergistic slow release, reduce toxicity, reduce consumption, improve chemistry security. Stimulating rapidly in crop body and synthesize multiple enzyme, promote crop root more flourishing, alimentation is more sufficient, and leaf photosynthesis is obviously enhanced, and the effective speed of growth improving trees, the speed that treelet grows into forest dramatically speeds up.

The main manufacturing and processing equipment guarantee of the present invention:

Targeting flora cultivating apparatus specifically includes that

Seed tank (one-level, two grades); According to volume of production, fermentation tank (can determine that container is cultivated in the flora fermentation that volume does not wait); Refrigeration machine; Agitator; High temperature suction pump; Open pan; Send oxygen machine; Pump; Microbial inoculum holding vessel.

Product processing equipment specifically includes that

Transporting equipment; Pulverizer; Blender; Granulator; Stirring stacks equipment; Temperature measuring equipment; Drying plant; Filling machine etc. Under the premise that the said equipment is ready to, just can implement operation according to its step.

Detailed description of the invention

Specific embodiment of the invention step is as follows with technological process:

1, site requirements: operation in heat preservation greenhouse should be selected during less than 0 degree temperature; Can in place smooth, that face south, ventilate during more than 0 degree temperature; Site area should ensure that more than 300 square metres.

2, prepared by formula material: major ingredient 50%, culture medium adjuvant 25%, targeting flora and activating agent 25%.

Major ingredient is processed: by pulverizer by 20% crops stalk crushing to 150 orders �� with motor-vibro screen by 20% the mixing of farm manure and 10% dead meal slag sieve the hot water of preparation �� addition 40% (spending for 40 degree-45), with the stacking of turning machine mix.

Culture medium adjuvant is processed: Carnis Bovis seu Bubali cream by 2% and Dare's bean pulverizer of 5% pulverize �� put into juice extractor is squeezed the juice the syrup white sugar of 3% (, 4% sugar slag) of extractions �� by 7%, 5% Succus Bambusae, 6% the water of starch addition equivalent, mixing in saucepan boils is cooked into slurry and does culture medium raw material.

The training of targeting flora is grown: strain chooses �� targeting flora composition: by bacillus subtilis 4% (generation), 1000 hundred million/grams upper, lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus) 4%, yeast original seed bacterium 4%, trichoderma 5%, poly-aspartate (poly-peptide organized enzyme) 4%, biological enzyme activator 4%, carry out scientific compatibility �� targeting flora composition �� put into seed tank and cultivate.

3, synthesized micro-organism microbial inoculum processing: when culture medium raw material puts into (42-45 degree) special reactive hydrogen water �� add water of in products material 40% simultaneously with sending oxygen machine to send the fermentation that oxygen �� put into 25% targeting flora preparation �� targeting flora carries out 20 days at fermentation tank to cultivate when fermentation cylinder for fermentation to 42-45 is spent, in tank temperature more than 60 degree time use chiller refrigeration homoiothermic.

4, the finished product processing of microorganism targeting flora solid organic fertilizer: major ingredient is stacked and is warmed up to 42-45 when spending, and adds synthesis targeting flora preparation with mix limit, turning machine limit.

5, synthesis material is stacked: by uniform for mix synthesis material by tape transport to trapezoidal heap position, it is desirable to trapezoidal heap to stack and to reach basic specification wide 2 meters, length 5 meters, high 1 meter of echelon drop on the sunny side.

6, synthesis material fermentation at elevated temperatures: add a cover insulation film on trapezoidal heap, optimum fermentation temp is advisable with 55 degree of-60 degree; Temperature is more than 30 degree, and fermentation time was advisable with 24 hours; Temperature, more than 15 degree, was advisable with 36 hours; Temperature more than 0 degree, was advisable with 72 hours; Temperature is below 0 degree, it should proceed to operation in heat preservation greenhouse.

7, film is taken off air-dry: all technical in sweat reaches predetermined standard time (temperature index: 55 degree of-60 degree; Detection pH value: during 3.5-7.5) and every cubic centimetre of viable count up to 3-5 hundred million, throw off insulation film during higher than common fertilizer 6-8 times, with turning machine stir air-dry to humidity 20% time with electronic sieved sieve.

8, with granulator granulate �� Tumble Dry �� carry out granulating (pelletize specification is generally: circular 0.3 gram/, cylindrical 0.35 gram /) according to the prilling of fertilizer.

9, sizing packaging: use filling machine fill, every bag usual 20 kilograms.

Claims (5)

1. a microorganism targeting flora solid organic fertilizer, it is characterised in that be made up of three parts, including raw material major ingredient 50%, culture medium adjuvant 25%, targeting flora and activating agent 25%.

2. a kind of microorganism targeting flora solid organic fertilizer according to claims 1, it is characterised in that described raw material major ingredient 50%, including agricultural crop straw 20%, farm manure 20%, discarded medicinal residues 10%.

3. a kind of microorganism targeting flora solid organic fertilizer according to claims 1, it is characterised in that described culture medium adjuvant 25%, including Carnis Bovis seu Bubali cream 2%, Dare's bean 5%, syrup 7%, Succus Bambusae 5%, starch 6%.

4. a kind of microorganism targeting flora solid organic fertilizer according to claims 1, it is characterized in that, targeting flora and activating agent 25%, including bacillus subtilis 4% (generation), 1000 hundred million/grams upper, lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus) 4%, yeast original seed bacterium 4%, trichoderma 5%, poly-aspartate (poly-peptide organized enzyme) 4%, biological enzyme activator 4%.

5. a kind of microorganism targeting flora solid organic fertilizer according to claims 1, it is characterised in that include following preparation technology flow process:

Synthesized micro-organism microbial inoculum is processed: when culture medium raw material puts into (42-45 degree) special reactive hydrogen water of in products material 40% when fermentation cylinder for fermentation to 42-45 is spent, add water simultaneously with sending oxygen machine to send oxygen, put into 25% targeting flora preparation, targeting flora carry out in fermentation tank 20 days fermentation cultivate, in tank temperature more than 60 degree time use chiller refrigeration homoiothermic;

The finished product processing of microorganism targeting flora solid organic fertilizer: major ingredient is stacked and is warmed up to 42-45 when spending, adds synthesis targeting flora preparation with mix limit, turning machine limit;

Synthesis material is stacked: by uniform for mix synthesis material by tape transport to trapezoidal stowed location, it is desirable to trapezoidal heap to stack and to reach basic specification wide 2 meters, length 5 meters, high 1 meter of echelon drop on the sunny side;

Synthesis material fermentation at elevated temperatures: add a cover insulation film on trapezoidal heap, optimum fermentation temp is advisable with 55 degree of-60 degree, and temperature is more than 30 degree, and fermentation time was advisable with 24 hours; Temperature, more than 15 degree, was advisable with 36 hours; Temperature more than 0 degree, was advisable with 72 hours; Temperature is below 0 degree, it should proceed to operation in heat preservation greenhouse;

Take off film air-dry: all technical in sweat reaches predetermined standard time (temperature index: 55 degree of-60 degree; Detection pH value: during 3.5-7.5 and every cubic centimetre of viable count up to 3-5 hundred million, throw off insulation film during higher than common fertilizer 6-8 times, with turning machine stir air-dry to humidity 20% time with electronic sieved sieve;

Through granulator granulation, drying machine drying, carry out granulation according to the prilling of fertilizer and be microorganism targeting flora solid organic fertilizer of the present invention.