CN103864511B - A kind of synergy composite organic-inorganic fertilizer - Google Patents
A kind of synergy composite organic-inorganic fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN103864511B CN103864511B CN201310717936.1A CN201310717936A CN103864511B CN 103864511 B CN103864511 B CN 103864511B CN 201310717936 A CN201310717936 A CN 201310717936A CN 103864511 B CN103864511 B CN 103864511B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of synergy composite organic-inorganic fertilizer, the weight part ratio of each raw material of the composite fertilizer is：60 70 parts of bio-fertilizer, 20 30 parts of tea seed cake, 25 parts of calcium phosphate, 25 parts of magnesium sulfate, 0.5 1 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.5 1 parts of borax, 0.1 0.5 parts of compound sodium nitrophenolate；The bio-fertilizer by following weight part ratio material：30 50 parts of molasses alcohol waste liquid, 30 50 parts of animal wastes, 20 30 parts of bagasse, 20 30 parts of stalk, addition account for the fermenting agent of material gross weight 0.2 5%, are made through microbial fermentation.Inventive formulation science, comprehensive nutrition can be provided for crops, promote crop growthing development, improve soil quality, also there is insect prevention, insecticidal effect, discarded molasses alcohol waste liquid, animal wastes, bagasse, stalk is made full use of, turn waste into wealth, improve environment, promote the sustainable development of agricultural.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agriculture compound fertilizer, more particularly to a kind of synergy composite organic-inorganic fertilizer.
Background technology
Fertilizer is the grain of plant, is the important leverage of Agriculture Production and national food security.With China's chemical fertilizer
Industry and agricultural production are continued to develop, compound fertilizer as a kind of more complete fertilizer of nutritional ingredient, in recent decades
Developed rapidly.The compound fertilizer of prior art, is mainly composited by nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, although can play raising yield
Effect, but the element not limited to this that crop growth needs, it is simple a large amount of to apply the chemical fertilizer, the soil organism such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium
Decline, the reduction of crumb structure performance, soil compaction phenomenon aggravation, the reduction of fertilizer conservation water holding capacity；Cause substantial amounts of microorganism simultaneously
Death, soil microflora changes, and many beneficial microbes are changed into secondary population from dominant population, and crop easily occurs each
Class disease；The result of chronic administration be farmland ecological environment destroyed, the quality decline of agricultural product.
Improved constantly as people's running water is flat, high yield and high quality agricultural product and hygiene and health food have turned into current social and agriculture
Active demand in industry production.In order to develop eco-agriculture, Development and Production is pollution-free " pollution-free food ", the fertilising in agricultural production
Technology must be reformed, i.e. rational use of chemical fertilizer or precision fertilizing, walk the development of organic-inorganic compounding application.Organic fertilizer
It is the traditional farm manure of China, the beginning of the fifties, national organic fertilizer accounts for more than the 99% of total fertilizer application amount, almost supplements soil
The exclusive source of nutrient, in recent years, due to the development of chemical fertilizer industry, ratio drops to less than 30%.To find out its cause, being that tradition has
Machine fertilizer collected manure, prepare, transport and application in there are problems that " it is dirty it is smelly, bitter tire out, imitate it is low.Biological organic fertilizer refers to specific work(
Can microorganism with mainly with plant and animal residues（Such as feces of livestock and poultry, agricultural crop straw）For source and through harmless treatment, become thoroughly decomposed
The class that is composited of organic materials have the fertilizer of microbial manure and organic fertilizer effect concurrently.Biological organic fertilizer nutrient is neat
Entirely, being capable of improved soil, the soil hardening that improvement is caused using chemical fertilizer, improvement soil physical and chemical property, enhancing soil water-retaining, guarantor
Fertilizer, the ability of fertilizer, and can realize industrialization production, solve traditional organic fertilizer and exist " it is dirty it is smelly, bitter tire out, imitate it is low " etc. ask
Topic.The present invention mainly uses following raw material, successfully have developed a kind of synergy composite organic-inorganic fertilizer, at present, there is not yet related report
Road.
（1）Molasses alcohol waste liquid：The distillate abandoned after alcohol is extracted by molasses fermented distillation.Molasses alcohol
Containing abundant nutriment in liquid, result shows according to surveying and determination, alcohol effluent 5.5-12% containing organic matter, nitrogen 0.06-0.42%, entirely
Phosphorus (P205) 0.01%-0.38%, full potassium (K20) 0.23-1.54% and a certain amount of middle trace element and amino acid, auxin, dimension
Various growth activity materials such as raw element.Water body such as is directly discharged into without treatment, very big environmental pollution can be caused, it can not only disappear
A large amount of dissolved oxygens, make water body black in water consumption, cause organism in water dead.
（2）Animal wastes：Animal wastes are a kind of organic fertilizer of high-quality, and its resource is also very abundant.The man of 1 year of China
Domestic animals manure there are about 20.4 hundred million t, wherein containing nitrogen 10,590,000 t, P2O5377 ten thousand t, K2O1341 ten thousand t, these animal fecalurias coordinate pad
Circle material, can macerate and make substantial amounts of high-quality barnyard manure.
（3）Bagasse：It is the principal by product of cane sugar manufacture industry.1t sucrose is often produced, the bagasse of about 1t will be produced.
Cellulose 32-48%, hemicellulose 19-24%, lignin 23-32%, ash content about 4% in the composition of bagasse.
（4）Stalk：It is ripe crops cauline leaf（Fringe）Partial general name.It is often referred to wheat, paddy rice, corn, potato class, oil
The remainder of material, cotton, sugarcane and other crops after seed is harvested.Stalk is rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and organic matter
Deng being a kind of there are multiduty reproducible living resources.
（5）Tea seed cake：It is that tea seed is squeezed remaining grouts after edible oil.Extracted From Oil-tea-cake containing crude protein 15%, crude fat 5%,
Carbohydrate 40%, crude fibre 6%, Tea Saponin 10-14%, coarse ash 6%, tannin 2%, caffeine 0.95%, moisture 14%.Tea Saponin is water
Agent or the excellent auxiliary agent of soluble powder agricultural chemicals, can improve the physical property of agricultural chemicals, improve liquid in biological or plant surface
Adhesive force, plays the synergistic effect to agricultural chemicals.Tea Saponin can degrade automatically, nonhazardous, and it, will not be to agricultural chemicals in separation process
Chemical property produce influence, be conducive to the storage of agricultural chemicals.Tea seed cake pairInsectThere are good stomach toxicity and action of contace poison, can exist extensively
Vegetables, paddy rice,Fruit tree, tealeaves, use in flowers and other crops, prevent and treatSnail, river snail,Leech, planthopper,Rice leafhopper, Ipomoea batatas it is small
The insects such as weevil, pollution-free, durable without residual hazard, resistance to storage, drug effect is permanent.
（6）Compound sodium nitrophenolate：For5- nitroguaiacol sodium salts、Sodium onitrophenol, Sodium p-nitrophenoxide mixture, be one
Can be penetrated into plant rapidly after planting strength cell-activating agent, with plant contact, promote the plasm flowing of cell, improve thin
Born of the same parents' vigor.Can accelerate the speed of growth, breaking dormancy, enhancing development, for plant be subjected to poisoning, fertilizer damage, freeze injury or other
The plant poisoning that natural calamity is caused have strong removing toxic substances heal creation use, this is that other plant growth regulator is not had
's.
The content of the invention
The present invention in the prior art chronic administration inorganic fertilizer cause soil environment to destroy, traditional organic fertilizer " it is dirty it is smelly, bitter it is tired,
Effect is low " the problems such as, there is provided a kind of synergy composite organic-inorganic fertilizer, the composite fertilizer is by bio-fertilizer, organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer and synergist
Composition, scientific formulation can provide comprehensive nutrition for crops, promote crop growthing development, improve soil quality, also have
Insect prevention, insecticidal effect.
Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that providing the preparation method of the synergy composite organic-inorganic fertilizer.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：
A kind of synergy composite organic-inorganic fertilizer, the weight part ratio of each raw material is：Bio-fertilizer 60-70 parts, tea seed cake 20-30 parts,
Calcium phosphate 2-5 parts, magnesium sulfate 2-5 parts, zinc sulfate 0.5-1 parts, borax 0.5-1 parts, compound sodium nitrophenolate 0.1-0.5 parts；
The bio-fertilizer by following weight part ratio material：Molasses alcohol waste liquid 30-50 parts, animal wastes 30-50 parts, sugarcane
Slag 20-30 parts, stalk 20-30 parts, addition accounts for material gross weight 0.2-5% fermenting agents, is made through microbial fermentation.
The above synergy composite organic-inorganic fertilizer, the fermenting agent is in fungi, saccharomycete, actinomyces and bacterium
Two or more strain combination, such as：Long handle trichoderma, aspergillus niger, bacillus subtilis, penicillium funiculosum, geotrichum candidum, product protein are false
Two or more strain combination in silk yeast, fission yeast, candida tropicalis.Further preferably by above-mentioned strain system
The fermenting agent of the effective total viable count >=0.5 hundred million/g for obtaining.The fermenting agent can be voluntarily inoculated with above-mentioned strain, be cultivated
It is obtained, it would however also be possible to employ the fermenting agent commodity that in the market is commercially available.
The above synergy composite organic-inorganic fertilizer, the stalk be preferably wheat,Paddy riceOr after harvest corn seed
Remainder, the animal wastes preferably preprocessed drying to water content animal wastes below 50%.
More than one described synergy composite organic-inorganic fertilizers, comprise the following steps：
1. molasses alcohol waste liquid 30-50 parts, animal wastes 30-50 parts, bagasse 20-30 parts, stalk 20-30 parts is weighed；
2. in molasses alcohol waste liquid, animal wastes, bagasse, stalk being put into fermentation vat, addition accounts for material gross weight 0.2-5% hairs
Yeast-like fungi agent, is well mixed, and is fermented 7-15 days under 40-70 DEG C, aerobic condition, and less than 70 DEG C dry, and obtain bio-fertilizer；
3. bio-fertilizer 60-70 parts, tea seed cake 20-30 parts, calcium phosphate 2-5 parts, magnesium sulfate 2-5 parts, zinc sulfate 0.5-1 are weighed
Part, borax 0.5-1 part, compound sodium nitrophenolate 0.1-0.5 part, crush respectively, mistake 60 mesh sieves, put stirrer for mixing uniformly, be put into and make
Granulated in grain machine, less than 70 DEG C dry, and obtain final product.
Synergy composite organic-inorganic fertilizer of the present invention, can provide comprehensive nutrition for crops, can be used for all of crops,
Particularly crops such as sugarcane, oil tea, paddy rice, corn, wheat.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1. inventive formulation science, can provide comprehensive nutrition, except a great number of elements in bio-fertilizer, tea seed cake for crops
Outside N P and K, moderate-element calcium phosphate, magnesium sulfate and micro- zinc sulfate, also borax, strength cell-activating are also added into
Agent compound sodium nitrophenolate, promotes crop growthing development, improves soil quality, also with cutting weeds, insect prevention, insecticidal effect.
2. the present invention adds fermenting agent using the microorganism in molasses alcohol waste liquid and animal wastes, can by bagasse,
The organic matters such as cellulose present in stalk, it is fulvic acid to ferment, fulvic acid contain plant needed for various nutritions,
Improve soil quality；Meanwhile, 40-70 DEG C of fermentation temperature can kill pathogenic bacteria, parasite in material etc., obtained composite fertilizer
It is harmless to crops and Environmental security, the need for being adapted to industrialized production and meeting extensive agricultural production, overcome tradition organic
Fertilizer " it is dirty it is smelly, bitter tire out, imitate it is low " the problems such as.
3. the present invention turns waste into wealth discarded molasses alcohol waste liquid, animal wastes, bagasse, stalk, improves environment, promotees
Enter the sustainable development of agricultural.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the invention will be further described, but do not limit the scope of the invention and apply model
Enclose：
Embodiment 1
1. the preparation method of synergy composite organic-inorganic fertilizer, comprises the following steps：
（1）The preparation of culture medium：Material is weighed by following weight：Wheat bran 3.6kg, corn flour 1.2kg, glucose
0.20kg, water 5.0kg, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 0.05kg, regulation pH value are that 6.0,115 DEG C of water vapours sterilize 20 minutes, are obtained final product；
（2）The preparation of fermenting agent：Aspergillus niger and geotrichum candidum are inoculated into the above-mentioned culture medium for preparing respectively, 25
~30 DEG C, under aerobic conditions, aspergillus niger Amplification Culture 4 days, geotrichum candidum culture 2 days, culture is crushed after sunshine is dried
Even, the living bacteria count of gained microbial inoculum is more than 100,000,000/g, and miscellaneous bacteria rate is less than 30%；
（3）Weigh molasses alcohol waste liquid 30kg, animal wastes 30kg, bagasse 20kg, straw 20kg；
（4）During molasses alcohol waste liquid, animal wastes, bagasse, straw put into fermentation vat, addition accounts for material gross weight 0.2% and ferments
Microbial inoculum（Aspergillus niger:Geotrichum candidum=1:1）, it is well mixed, to be fermented 15 days under 40-50 DEG C, aerobic condition, 60 DEG C of dryings obtain biological
Fertilizer；
（5）Weigh bio-fertilizer 60kg, tea seed cake 20kg, calcium phosphate 2kg, magnesium sulfate 2kg, zinc sulfate 0.5kg, borax 0.5kg,
Compound sodium nitrophenolate 0.1kg, crushes respectively, crosses 60 mesh sieves, and it is uniform to put stirrer for mixing, is put into comminutor and granulates, 60 DEG C of dryings,
Obtain final product.
2. apply：By the sample of embodiment 1 and conventional nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, new plant cane base manure to be used for by every mu of 100kg,
The whole sample of season sugarcane embodiment 1 of result only sprays once, and the vermins-proof effect and effect of increasing production of sugarcane are respectively 86.55% He
7.80%, effect is better than conventional dispenser, fertilising, and cost is substantially reduced, and refers to table 1.
Table 1
| Treatment | Sugarcane yield（kg） | Rate of growth（%） |
| Spray once+sample of embodiment 1 | 4964 | 7.80 |
| Three times+nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer of spray | 4605 | -- |
Embodiment 2
1. the preparation method of synergy composite organic-inorganic fertilizer, comprises the following steps：
（1）Weigh molasses alcohol waste liquid 50kg, animal wastes 50kg, bagasse 30kg, straw 30kg；
（2）During molasses alcohol waste liquid, animal wastes, bagasse, straw put into fermentation vat, addition accounts for the zymophyte of material gross weight 5%
Agent（Yeast-like fungi agent is the commodity of in the market purchase, by long handle trichoderma, candida utili, fission yeast, Candida tropicalis kind
It is made through culture, the living bacteria count of microbial inoculum is more than 0.5 hundred million/g, and miscellaneous bacteria rate is less than 30%）, be well mixed, 40-70 DEG C, it is good
Fermented 7 days under the conditions of oxygen, 70 DEG C of dryings obtain bio-fertilizer；
（3）Weigh bio-fertilizer 70kg, tea seed cake 30kg, calcium phosphate 5kg, magnesium sulfate 5kg, zinc sulfate 1kg, borax 1kg, multiple nitre
Phenol sodium 0.5kg, crushes respectively, crosses 60 mesh sieves, and it is uniform to put stirrer for mixing, is put into comminutor and granulates, 70 DEG C of dryings, i.e.,
.
2. apply：By the sample of embodiment 2 and conventional nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, rice basal fertilizer, knot to be used for by every mu of 100kg
The really whole sample of season paddy rice embodiment 2 only sprays 2 times, and the vermins-proof effect and effect of increasing production of paddy rice are respectively 88.75% and 15.03%,
Weeds in field is reduced, and effect is better than conventional dispenser, fertilising, and cost is substantially reduced, and refers to table 2.
Table 2
| Treatment | Rice yield（kg） | Rate of growth（%） |
| Spray secondary+sample of embodiment 2 | 528 | 15.03 |
| Four times+nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer of spray | 459 | -- |
Embodiment 3
1. the preparation method of synergy composite organic-inorganic fertilizer, comprises the following steps：
（1）The preparation of culture medium：With embodiment 1
（2）The preparation of fermenting agent：Bacillus subtilis and penicillium funiculosum are inoculated into the above-mentioned culture for preparing respectively
In base, under 25~30 DEG C, aerobic conditions, bacillus subtilis Amplification Culture 4 days, penicillium funiculosum culture 5 days, culture is in 39
Crush uniform after DEG C normal pressure forced air drying, the living bacteria count of gained microbial inoculum is more than 100,000,000/g, and miscellaneous bacteria rate is less than 30%；
（3）Weigh molasses alcohol waste liquid 40kg, animal wastes 40kg, bagasse 25kg, cornstalk 25kg；
（4）During molasses alcohol waste liquid, animal wastes, bagasse, cornstalk put into fermentation vat, addition accounts for material gross weight 2% and ferments
Microbial inoculum（Bacillus subtilis:Penicillium funiculosum=2:1）, it is well mixed, fermented 8 days under 50-60 DEG C, aerobic condition, 60 DEG C are done
It is dry, obtain bio-fertilizer；
（5）Weigh bio-fertilizer 65kg, tea seed cake 25kg, calcium phosphate 3kg, magnesium sulfate 4kg, zinc sulfate 0.8kg, borax 0.7kg,
Compound sodium nitrophenolate 0.3kg, crushes respectively, crosses 60 mesh sieves, and it is uniform to put stirrer for mixing, is put into comminutor and granulates, 60 DEG C of dryings,
Obtain final product.
2. apply：By the sample of embodiment 3 and conventional nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, topdressed for stubble cane by every mu of 100kg,
The whole sample of season sugarcane embodiment 3 of result only sprays once, and the vermins-proof effect and effect of increasing production of sugarcane are respectively 85.21% He
7.80%, effect is better than conventional dispenser, fertilising, and cost is substantially reduced, and refers to table 3.
Table 3
| Treatment | Sugarcane yield（kg） | Rate of growth（%） |
| Spray once+sample of embodiment 3 | 4826 | 6.94 |
| Three times+nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer of spray | 4513 | -- |
Claims (3)
1. a kind of preparation method of synergy composite organic-inorganic fertilizer, comprises the following steps：
（1）Weigh molasses alcohol waste liquid 30-50 parts, animal wastes 30-50 parts, bagasse 20-30 parts, stalk 20-30 parts；
（2）During molasses alcohol waste liquid, animal wastes, bagasse, stalk put into fermentation vat, addition accounts for material gross weight 0.2-5% zymophytes
Agent, is well mixed, and is fermented 7-15 days under 40-70 DEG C, aerobic condition, and less than 70 DEG C dry, and obtain bio-fertilizer；
The fermenting agent be long handle trichoderma, aspergillus niger, bacillus subtilis, penicillium funiculosum, geotrichum candidum, candida utili,
Two or more strain combination in fission yeast, candida tropicalis；
（3）Weigh bio-fertilizer 60-70 parts, tea seed cake 20-30 parts, calcium phosphate 2-5 parts, magnesium sulfate 2-5 parts, zinc sulfate 0.5-1 parts, boron
Sand 0.5-1 parts, compound sodium nitrophenolate 0.1-0.5 parts, crush respectively, cross 60 mesh sieves, put stirrer for mixing uniformly, be put into comminutor
Granulation, less than 70 DEG C dry, and obtain final product.
2. the preparation method of synergy composite organic-inorganic fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the stalk is small
Remainder after wheat, paddy rice or harvest corn seed, the animal wastes drying to water content is below 50%.
3. according to the preparation method of any synergy composite organic-inorganic fertilizer in claim 1 to 2, it is characterised in that described
Effective total viable count >=0.5 hundred million/the g of fermenting agent.
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