CN105618761A - Sintering body suitable for sintering connection - Google Patents
Sintering body suitable for sintering connection Download PDFInfo
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- CN105618761A CN105618761A CN201410634986.8A CN201410634986A CN105618761A CN 105618761 A CN105618761 A CN 105618761A CN 201410634986 A CN201410634986 A CN 201410634986A CN 105618761 A CN105618761 A CN 105618761A
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- sintering
- sintered body
- powder
- carbide
- camshaft
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Abstract
The invention provides a sintering body suitable for sintering connection, and particularly provides a sintering body which has excellent operability and connecting capability in a sintering period. The purpose is achieved through the sintering body. The sintering body comprises the following components in percentages by weight: 1.9-3.0% of C, 0.2-1.0% of Cr, 0.2-0.9% of P, 0.3-1.1% of Si and the balance Fe and inevitable impurities. The sintering body has the following microstructure: carbide (comprising a small amount of Cr carbide), ferrous phosphide (Fe-C-P) and analogues which are uniformly distributed in a pearlite substrate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of sintered body with excellent operability, when sintered body and cam lobe collectively form the camshaft of assembling, sintered body is used as senser element, thrust piece, axle journal part and octagon part, even and if the present invention relates to a kind of also to have, when the sintering temperature making cam lobe and axle engage, the sintered body forming good bond based on high sintering stability.
Background technology
It is said that in general, in camshaft, provide multiple cam lobes, senser element, thrust piece, axle journal part, octagon part and like at the outer periphery of the axle with predetermined length and thickness at predetermined intervals. As the cam shaft rotates, engine is driven.
A kind of method manufacturing camshaft includes integration method and hollow preform method, in integration method, alloy cast iron is cast, and axle and cam lobe are integrally formed, in hollow preform method, cam lobe is assembled into discretely and is taken out, by what recently develop, the quill shaft that pipe is made. Compared with the integration camshaft manufactured by traditional method, hollow preform method can reduce its weight, and identical with the trend of lightweight engine components. Therefore, the camshaft utilizing method for prefabricating is preferred.
Compared with integrating camshaft, hollow assembles camshaft can reduce its weight significantly, and can assemble various assembly, for instance cam lobe, senser element, thrust piece, axle journal part and octagon part, according to respective function and needs, these parts are made from a different material. Therefore, hollow assembles camshaft in less and lighter vehicle.
Specifically, in assembling camshaft, used the manufacture method being most suitable for promoting the characteristic of such as lightweight, cost minimizing and wearability by the camshaft sintered with Technology for Heating Processing manufacture. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open text No.3 (1991)-60901 discloses a kind of cam lobe for sintering camshaft, and this cam lobe has high rigidity and high density. According to the publication, due to the material of cam lobe 20, slip with corresponding portion material and roll simultaneous element and be required for the durability of high surface pressing, resistance to marring and pitting resistance. Therefore, it should use the sintered alloy with superior abrasion resistance.
Additionally, as it is shown in figure 1, camshaft includes sintered body and the cam lobe 20 of such as senser element 30, thrust piece 40, axle journal part and octagon part 50. Compressed additionally, sintered body is fabricated such that alloy material powder utilizes with the identical method of cam lobe 20 and moulded, being assembled on axle 10, and being joined to axle 10 by sinter bonded via sintering process. Cam lobe 20 obtains profile according to engine characteristics by accurate grinding, and the sintered body of such as other senser elements, thrust piece, axle journal part and octagon part needs accurate turning operation according to its purpose.
Sintered body except cam lobe 20 will be described more elaborately. Senser element 30 is bonded on the end of camshaft, thus owing to the fuel injection time of the engine cylinder of camshaft rotation is determined precisely. Therefore, when the sintered body for senser element is unsatisfactory for the specification of outer dia and angle, will not carrying out perception, engine can not start, or is likely to occur the mispairing of engine. Therefore, as shown in Figure 2 A, it is highly important for processing, by the end mill(ing) cutter of the turning operation of the outer dia of perception point part and perception point part, the management carrying out outer dia and angle.
In the sintered body for thrust piece 40 or axle journal part (hereinafter referred to " thrust piece "), cam nut for camshaft is installed to cylinder head is arranged on the position reference surfaces of camshaft, and prevent camshaft during rotary Engine to the left and be moved to the left. Therefore, the width management of thrust piece is highly important. When thrust piece width is beyond the upper limit, camshaft can not be assembled in cylinder head. When thrust piece width is less than lower limit, it is possible to noise and vibrations can be produced owing to there is gap. Therefore, as shown in Figure 2 B, by the turning operation of the cross section of thrust piece 40 and outer dia carry out thrust piece width management be highly important for management processing.
Generally, octagon part 50 parts acting on adnexa, this adnexa utilizes spanner to assemble by rotating cam axle, thus mating with phase angle of cam or the like when assembling cam shaft is in engine skull, this octagon part 50 is additionally operable to inspection and the dismounting of guarantee vehicle. Octagon part generally uses under unprocessed state, but can increase end mill(ing) cutter and process with match width precision.
More specifically, when the slide unit of the some types forming camshaft is temporarily assembled on each several part of pipe and when being imported in vacuum sintering furnace, complete the camshaft for internal combustion engine, perform sinter bonded one scheduled time with high temperature, perform processing subsequently.
The component of cam lobe material and formation senser element, thrust piece, octagon part and the component as the sintered body of the analog of other sintered bodies are different. Owing to performing sintering under identical temperature conditions, the shortcoming that accordingly, there exist conflict.
Wherein, cam lobe material uses the material disclosed in Japanese patent application of the prior art. This has a characteristic that the similar characteristics of durability, wearability and the high surface pressing for contact portion. Owing to hardness is very high, in turning operation, operability substantially reduces. Therefore, it is unsuitable for the material of the turning operation needing the sensor part, thrust piece, octagon part and like.
In the prior art, the material required for senser element, thrust piece, octagon part and the accurate operability of like is generally become with p-shaped by Fe, C. This sintered body has and is different from the relatively good operability of material forming cam lobe, but due to can zygosity and there is high fraction defective, and stretching phenomenon, bubble etc. can be frequently occurred.
This is due to following reason: owing to utilizing the metal dust basic sintering operation of execution of Fe, C and P, this composition mainly includes liquid-phase sintering Fe-C-P, and the scope sintering equilibrium temperature is less. Therefore, temperature control and sintering environment are particularly significant.
Generally, the liquid-phase sintering of Fe-C-P steadite occurs when about 950 DEG C. In theory, when sintered body includes the C of percentage by weight 2.5%, the P of 0.55%, the Fe-C-P steadite structure of 14% and the carbide (Fe of 11%3C), time, phase is formed. That is, form the liquid phase of Fe-C-P, bonding ferrum (Fe) particle and particle (Fig. 3 A), and along with the increase of this phase, shrinkage factor also increases. But, the element of this liquid phase, C or P, when being unevenly distributed in ferrum (Fe) particle, or when sintering temperature height, namely, when during sintering, on the arbitrary portion of part, local produces heat, it may appear that stretch phenomenon and expand (Fig. 3 B). Which results in bubble formation, it frequently occurs in sintered body, and this is the problem that the present invention will solve.
In order to prevent this phenomenon, when a small amount of liquid of forming element (C and P) is added to reduce amount of liquid phase, sintering can proceed when occurring without any big problem, but shrinkage factor reduces, and sintered body and the unassembled problem of axle therefore occurs.
Accordingly, as the most important management method solving these problems, as C and the P of bulk fluid forming element should be visibly homogeneous be distributed in ferrum (Fe) particle, the sintering temperature during sintering should by sufficiently accurately management etc. Accordingly, it is difficult to overcome the problems referred to above.
Summary of the invention
It thus provides the present invention is to solve the problem of the sintered body of such as senser element, thrust piece, axle journal part and octagon part in prior art, and the invention provides a kind of operability with excellence and zygosity and be suitable to the sintered body of sinter bonded.
To achieve these goals, in the present invention, even if in order to determine sintering stability so that also being able to be sintered in wide in range sintering temperature distribution, Cr is added in the conventional synthesis thing of Fe-C-P and collectively form carbide to cause with C, and ensure that quenching degree and sintering stability. In this case, in order to form uniform carbide with C, it is more preferable to ground uses the Cr of the alloy powder as prealloy state.
Additionally, with the addition of the Si as liquid phase element, optimize the formation of existing ternary (Fe-C-P) liquid phase, and ensure that sinterability and can zygosity.
In this case, in order to ensure operability, as target, it is to be ensured that the HRB level of 90 to 115.
For this purpose, above-mentioned purpose is realized by sintered body, this sintered body includes: the Si of P, 0.3-1.1% of Cr, 0.2-0.9% of C, 0.2-1.0% of percentage by weight 1.9-3.0%, Fe that remainder is and inevitable impurity, this sintered body has following microstructure: wherein carbide (including a small amount of Cr carbide), iron phosphide (Fe-C-P) and analog are evenly distributed in pearlite matrix.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 shows the schematic diagram assembling sintering camshaft.
Fig. 2 A shows the schematic diagram of the processing of the sintered body for senser element.
Fig. 2 B shows the schematic diagram of the processing of the sintered body for thrust piece.
Fig. 3 A illustrates the schematic diagram of the good product type of sintered body in (a) prior art and (b) micro-structure diagram.
Fig. 3 B illustrates the schematic diagram of the defect type of sintered body in (a) prior art, (b) micro-structure diagram, and the actual defects picture that (c) is owing to expanding and bubble produces.
Fig. 4 is schematic diagram, it illustrates the sintering process of the sintered body according to the present invention, wherein, a state that () powder is in C powder and mixes with the alloyed powder being in prealloy state, b () carbide (Cr-C) is formed, (c) carbide growth and form liquid phase (Fe-P-C).
Fig. 5 illustrates the diagram of the microstructure of the sintered body according to the present invention, wherein, (a) amplification coefficient 50, (b) amplification coefficient 100, and (c) amplification coefficient 200.
Fig. 6 A illustrate by assess according to the sintered body of the present invention can zygosity and the actual picture that obtains.
What Fig. 6 B illustrated the sintered body by assessing prior art can zygosity and the actual picture that obtains.
Fig. 7 shows the schematic diagram of the assessment of the bond strength of sintered body.
Fig. 8 is the actual picture of the operability illustrating the sintered body according to the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Hereinafter, the example of the present invention will be described.
Substantially, in the present invention, it is ensured that sintering stability, even if thus also being able to be sintered when wide in range sintering temperature distribution, with the addition of Cr to cause and the process of C formation carbide, and ensure that quenching degree and sintering stability.
But, in order to ensure operability, as target, it is to be ensured that the HRB level of 90 to 115.
Additionally, with the addition of the Si as liquid phase element to optimize the formation of existing ternary (Fe-C-P) liquid phase, and ensure that sinterability and can zygosity.
Above-mentioned purpose is realized by sintered body, this sintered body includes: the Si of P, 0.3-1.1% of Cr, 0.2-0.9% of C, 0.2-1.0% of percentage by weight 1.9-3.0%, Fe that remainder is and inevitable impurity, this sintered body has following microstructure: wherein, and carbide (includes a small amount of Cr carbide), iron phosphide (Fe-C-P) and analog are evenly distributed in pearlite matrix.
In order to obtain synthetic, the said components of scheduled volume is combined to produce the powder for sintering. Generally, the preparation powder for sintering, this powder is compressed and moulds to form molding, carries out heat treatment by sintering process, and has thus manufactured the sintered body of the present invention.
Fig. 4 illustrates schematic diagram, the schematic shows the sintering process of the synthetic of the sintered body due to the present invention and the phase transformation that causes.
The microstructure that represents after the sintering that Fig. 5 A-5C illustrates the synthetic by observing the sintered body in the present invention and the picture that obtains.
Synthetic will be described below. As shown in the schematic diagram of Fig. 4, Cr causes the formation of carbide, and is bonded between Fe and Fe particle to cause quenching degree, and Cr ensure that sintering stability. This Cr is bonded to C to form carbide. But, when the percentage by weight of Cr is equal to or more than 1.0%, the hardness of product increases and utilizes the turning operability of instrument to significantly reduce, and as the sintered body for processing that present invention contemplates that, this is unsuitable. Additionally, when the percentage by weight of Cr is equal to or less than 0.2%, quenching degree declines, uniform Cr carbide will not be obtained, and sintered density reduces. Additionally, shrinkage factor reduces extraly, and and engaging force between axle also decline.
When percentage by weight more than 3.0% of the content of C, the amount of Cr carbide and the amount of liquid phase of Fe-C-P steadite increase, and hardness increase result in high shrinkage, and sintered body stretches due to liquid phase, or generation bubble or swelling, and this illustrates in figure 3b. On the other hand, when the percentage by weight of C is equal to or less than 1.9%, liquid-phase precipitation amount reduces, and due to liquid phase, the bond characters between Fe and Fe particle reduces, and will not obtain enough sintered densities, and porosity increases. Will not be sufficiently carried out additionally, shrink, and the joint with axle will not be carried out.
As it has been described above, p-shaped becomes the liquid phase structure of Fe-C-P. When the percentage by weight of P is equal to or more than 0.9%, this liquid phase is excessively formed, and hardness increases, and the machinability in turning operation reduces. On the other hand, when the percentage by weight of P is equal to or less than 0.2%, liquid-phase precipitation amount reduces, and will not obtain enough sintered densities, and with can zygosity the reducing of axle.
When the content of Si is more than 1.1% percentage by weight, fragility occurs in the base, it is possible to crack occurs during processing, and the mouldability during compression and molding metal powder reduces. When adding Si, promote the liquid phase of Fe-C-P phase. When the percentage by weight of Si is less than 0.3%, liquid phase promotion property reduces, and liquid phase is formed and is likely to do not caused fully, and therefore will not smoothly carry out with the joint of axle.
The sintered powder being made up of the synthetic of the present invention is produced, and these powder are compressed and mould. Subsequently, forming molding, molding is assembled in the pre-position of pipe, and is sintered heat treatment. In this case, the molding pressure moulding period 5-7 ton/cubic centimetre at compressing powder is preferred, and to be used for sintering heat treated preferable temperature be 1050-1150 DEG C. The sintering heat treatment time of about 60-90 minute is preferred.
Hereinafter, following for reference example and case of comparative examples are more fully described the sintered body of the present invention.
In example 1, component be weight percentage 1.0% Cr, 2.5% C, the P of 0.5%, the Si of 0.7% and powder that all the other are ferrum be produced, and be prepared for the powder for sintering. Subsequently, being moulded by compressing powder and sintering and carrying out physical property test on the product of Technology for Heating Processing acquisition, result illustrates in Table 1. The picture (with the etching of nitric acid ethanol) that Fig. 5 is illustrated the microstructure of the product by utilizing metallography microscope sem observation to be obtained by example 1 and obtains. Additionally, Fig. 6 A illustrates the picture of the measurement result of bond strength.
Table 1: the experimental result of example 1-4 and case of comparative examples 1-4
In example 2, component be weight percentage 1.0% Cr, 2.0% C, the P of 0.5%, the Si of 0.7% and powder that all the other are ferrum be produced, and be prepared for the powder for sintering. Subsequently, being moulded by compressing powder and sintering and carrying out physical property test on the product of Technology for Heating Processing acquisition, result illustrates in Table 1.
In example 3, component be weight percentage 0.6% Cr, 2.5% C, the P of 0.5%, the Si of 0.7% and powder that all the other are ferrum be produced, and be prepared for the powder for sintering. Subsequently, being moulded by compressing powder and sintering and carrying out physical property test on the product of Technology for Heating Processing acquisition, result illustrates in Table 1.
In example 4, component be weight percentage 0.3% Cr, 2.5% C, the P of 0.5%, the Si of 0.7% and powder that all the other are ferrum be produced, and be prepared for the powder for sintering. Subsequently, being moulded by compressing powder and sintering and carrying out physical property test on the product of Technology for Heating Processing acquisition, result illustrates in Table 1.
In case of comparative examples 1, component be weight percentage 2.0% Cr, 2.5% C, the P of 0.5%, the Si of 0.7% and powder that all the other are ferrum be produced, and be prepared for the powder for sintering. Subsequently, being moulded by compressing powder and sintering and carrying out physical property test on the product of Technology for Heating Processing acquisition, result illustrates in Table 1.
In case of comparative examples 2, component be weight percentage 1.5% Cr, 2.5% C, the P of 0.5%, the Si of 0.7% and powder that all the other are ferrum be produced, and be prepared for the powder for sintering. Subsequently, being moulded by compressing powder and sintering and carrying out physical property test on the product of Technology for Heating Processing acquisition, result illustrates in Table 1.
In case of comparative examples 3, component be weight percentage 1.0% Cr, 1.5% C, the P of 0.5%, the Si of 0.7% and powder that all the other are ferrum be produced, and be prepared for the powder for sintering. Subsequently, being moulded by compressing powder and sintering and carrying out physical property test on the product of Technology for Heating Processing acquisition, result illustrates in Table 1.
In case of comparative examples 4, component is weight percentage the C of 1.0%, the P of 0.6% and powder that all the other are ferrum is produced, and is prepared for the powder for sintering. Subsequently, being moulded by compressing powder and sintering and carrying out physical property test on the product of Technology for Heating Processing acquisition, result illustrates in Table 1. Additionally, Fig. 6 B illustrates the picture of the measurement result of bond strength.
In all of example and case of comparative examples, mould with the compression of 6 tons/cubic centimetre and molding pressure. In this case, it is external diameter �� 35, internal diameter that the molded product being molded is prepared to sample sizeThickness 10mm. Additionally, be sintered heat treatment with 1120 DEG C in vacuum sintering furnace. The measurement of bond strength is carried out by the sample prepared as shown in Figure 7. In order to assess operability, the ceramic tip for turning operation is used to assessment treating capacity. In this case, Fig. 8 illustrates the actual picture of the turning operation of the state processed.
Observe the microstructure of the powder composition of the example 1-4 of the sintered body as the present invention. Result shows, carbide (includes a small amount of Cr carbide), iron phosphide (Fe-C-P) and the like is evenly distributed in pearlite matrix (Fig. 5), and the physical property shown is as follows: shrinkage factor is 6.0% or bigger, and sintered density is 7.2g/cm3Or it is bigger. Additionally, because of the bond strength with axle, present very excellent physical properties. Because hardness, present the excellent turning operability that HRB level is about 96 to 110. Therefore, it is possible to obtain there is excellence with axle can the sintered body of zygosity and operability.
On the other hand, as shown in case of comparative examples 1 and 2, when the content of Cr is higher, adds bond strength, but operability substantially reduces. In case of comparative examples 4, when the content of Cr and C is relatively low, hardness reduces, and operability increases. But, shrinkage factor and sintered density reduce, and substantially reduce with the Joint Properties of axle, and therefore, it is difficult to are used as product. Additionally, as shown in case of comparative examples 3, when the content of C is relatively low, i.e. when percentage by weight is 1.5%, operability is good, but shrinkage factor reduces, and with can zygosity the reducing of axle. It is, therefore, to be understood that the content of C increase to percentage by weight 1.9% or more be preferred.
According to the present invention, in prior art, the basic problem of the sintered body of such as senser element, thrust piece, axle journal part and octagon part is addressed, its operability and can zygosity improving, and fraction defective significantly reduces, and integrity is stable.
Accompanying drawing labelling
1: insertion process tip 2: end mill(ing) cutter machining tool
10: axle 20: cam lobe
30: senser element
40: thrust piece or axle journal part
50: octagon part
Claims (2)
1. the sintered body being suitable to sinter bonded, this sintered body includes the Si of P, 0.3-1.1% of Cr, 0.2-0.9% of C, 0.2-1.0% that percentage by weight is 1.9-3.0%, and the Fe that remainder is and inevitable impurity, this sintered body includes the carbide (including a small amount of Cr carbide), iron phosphide (Fe-C-P) and the analog that are evenly distributed in pearlite matrix
Wherein, the hardness of this sintered body is 90-105HRB, and the density of sintered body is 7.2g/cm3��
2. sintered body as claimed in claim 1, wherein, sintered body is for the senser element of the camshaft sintered, thrust piece, axle journal part and octagon part.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410634986.8A CN105618761A (en) | 2014-11-05 | 2014-11-05 | Sintering body suitable for sintering connection |
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| CN201410634986.8A CN105618761A (en) | 2014-11-05 | 2014-11-05 | Sintering body suitable for sintering connection |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5985847A (en) * | 1982-11-08 | 1984-05-17 | Mitsubishi Metal Corp | Fe-base sintered material for sliding member of internal-combustion engine |
| JPS59136455A (en) * | 1983-01-24 | 1984-08-06 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Anti-wear sintered alloy |
| GB2189811B (en) * | 1986-04-11 | 1989-12-06 | Nippon Piston Ring Co Ltd | Sintered cam shaft |
| JP3988972B2 (en) * | 2000-02-28 | 2007-10-10 | 日本ピストンリング株式会社 | Camshaft |
| CN103898416A (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2014-07-02 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | Combined powder metallurgy hollow camshaft cam material and preparation method |
-
2014
- 2014-11-05 CN CN201410634986.8A patent/CN105618761A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5985847A (en) * | 1982-11-08 | 1984-05-17 | Mitsubishi Metal Corp | Fe-base sintered material for sliding member of internal-combustion engine |
| JPS59136455A (en) * | 1983-01-24 | 1984-08-06 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Anti-wear sintered alloy |
| GB2189811B (en) * | 1986-04-11 | 1989-12-06 | Nippon Piston Ring Co Ltd | Sintered cam shaft |
| JP3988972B2 (en) * | 2000-02-28 | 2007-10-10 | 日本ピストンリング株式会社 | Camshaft |
| CN103898416A (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2014-07-02 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | Combined powder metallurgy hollow camshaft cam material and preparation method |
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