CN105613029A - Standardized planting method for marigold - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a standardized planting method for marigold. The method includes the specific steps that firstly, seeds are carefully selected, impurities and shriveled seeds are removed, and it is guaranteed that the seeds are plump; then, the seeds which are selected out are dried in the sun so as to kill germs, improve seed vigor and increase the germination rate; before sowing, the seeds are soaked for 3-4 h in 35-40 DEG C warm water and then are bailed out and filtered with clean water once, and after moisture is removed through airing, sowing can be carried out; agent seed dressing can be carried out with thiophanate methyl or chlorothalonil to prevent diseases in the seedling stage; then, sowing, seedbed management, transplanting and field management are carried out; finally, picking is carried out, wherein cutting picking should be carried out at low temperature and high humidity 1-2 days before flowering when marigold is picked in autumn. The standardized planting method for marigold is proposed by technical staff based on conclusions from repeated experiments; by the adoption of the method, the yield of marigold can be increased, it can be guaranteed that the quality of marigold is not reduced along with the increase of the yield, and great economic benefits are brought to marigold planters.

Description

A kind of Flower of Aztec Marigold normalized planting method

Technical field

The invention belongs to plant planting field, in particular to a kind of Flower of Aztec Marigold normalized planting method.

Background technology

Flower of Aztec Marigold (formal name used at school: Tageteserecta), has another name called smelly lotus, is the plant of composite family Tagetes, it it is the desirable feedstock extracting pure natural xenthophylls, in Africa, Khakibush(Ka Jibu by name is permitted), its hanging common under the thatched cottage of original inhabitants, to drive fly in groups. Flower of Aztec Marigold contains abundant xenthophylls, xenthophylls is a kind of natural pigment being extensively present in vegetables, flowers, fruit and some algae bio, it can delay vision degeneration and the blind disease that the elderly causes because of macular degeneration, and the cardiovascula arteriosclerosis caused because of body aging, coronary heart disease and tumor disease. The U.S. just starts to extract from Flower of Aztec Marigold xenthophylls from the seventies in 20th century, is be added in chicken feed the earliest, it is possible to improve the nutritive value of egg. Xenthophylls can also be applied in the industries such as makeup, feed, medicine, fishery products. On world market, the price of 1 gram of xenthophylls is suitable with 1 gram of gold.

According to statistics, the output of the annual xenthophylls of current China, at about 800,000,000 grams, accounts for the 85% of Gross World Product; And annual xenthophylls demand in the world is at 1,300,000,000 grams to 1,500,000,000 grams, breach is at 300,000,000 grams to 500,000,000 grams. As Flower of Aztec Marigold deep processed product, lutein crystal (food medical material) every ton of price is at about 1,500 ten thousand yuan, and benefit is very considerable. And its intensely processed products xanthophyll soft capsule and xenthophylls tablet or aqua, added value is higher.

At present, along with the raising of suitability for industrialized production level and the widespread use of high-tech product, domestic and international market demand generation essence change, especially people's living standard significantly improves, the corresponding transformation of consumption idea, pursuing natural, non-harmful product and become major demands direction, natural carotenol, as the high-tech product of food, feed, field of medicaments, is more and more had an optimistic view of by domestic and international well-known enterprise. According to scholarly forecast, 21st century were the green consumption epoch, and natural carotenol must replace synthetic food color. Therefore as produce natural carotenol intermediate Flower of Aztec Marigold market outlook will be very wide.

Summary of the invention

It is an object of the invention to provide and a kind of can improve the normalized planting method that Flower of Aztec Marigold output can ensure again Flower of Aztec Marigold quality.

A normalized planting method for Flower of Aztec Marigold, its concrete steps are: the first elite seed of (one) seed treatment, reject impurity and not plump seed, it is ensured that seed is full; Then the seed selected is basked seeds, to kill and wound germ, strengthen seed vitality, it is to increase percentage of germination; Before sowing, seed is soaked 3��4h in 35��40 DEG C of warm water, then pull out and filter one time with clear water, dry moisture and can sow; For anti-sprout term disease, available thiophanate methyl or m-tetrachlorophthalodinitrile carry out dressing seed; (2) calm, fine day should be selected to carry out during sowing sowing; Seedbed should be filled with permeable the same day in sowing, during sowing, the seed handled well be mixed in thin sand and soil, and divide and be spread on seedbed 2��3 times, after sowing, cover the soil 0.7��1cm that sieves;

(3), seedbed management spring sowing Flower of Aztec Marigold 6��7 days tidy seedlings outputs after sowing, seedling goes out the temperature that Qi Houying notes in seedbed and may not exceed 30 DEG C, in order to avoid causing burn seedlings and rotten; When seedling grows to 3��4cm, first to after the expansion of true leaf, it should be noted that ventilates, prevents excessive growth; In seedbed, temperature remains on 25��28 DEG C, and ventilation time at point in the morning 8��9, can not should ventilate when high temperature at noon, in order to avoid causing sudden strain of a muscle seedling; Such as cool winds weather, stop ventilating; When outdoor temperature on average is stabilized in more than 12 DEG C, sunny calm sky should be selected, open film, remove the weeds in seedbed; Such as lack of water, should to spray one time permeable, and builds film, stronger ventilation mouth, and watering in seedbed should not be too diligent, keep dry between bed soil between wet; Film hardening should be taken off when outdoor temperature is stabilized in more than 15 DEG C, transplant and within front 6��8 days, stop watering, before transplanting by seedling, prepare against transplanting;

(4) (1) transplanting time is transplanted: as the Flower of Aztec Marigold thick 0.3��0.5cm of seedling stem, the high 15��20cm of strain, occur that 3��4 can transplant during true leaf; (2) planting patterns: adopting wide-narrow row planting, big row 70��80cm, little row 40��50cm, spacing in the rows 25cm, every mu is stayed seedling 4500 strain, by size seedling, branch plants; (3) membrane covering: adopt membrane covering, to improve ground temperature, promotes flower premature ripening; (4) water: after transplanting, want broad irrigation, impel early slow seedling, morning to take root; (5), field management (1), cultivation and banking: want the soil moisture conservation of shallow hoe after transplanting, as the high 25��30cm of seedling, a small amount of branch occurs, fetch earth from furrow and train in plant base portion, to inspire adventive root, prevent lodging, simultaneously the growth of weeds under suppression film; (2), watering: water according to soil moisture content after ridging, each irrigation amount is unsuitable excessive, keeps soil moistening; (3), foliage top dressing: carry out foliage top dressing when spending in full bloom, the time that sprays when afternoon 6��7, every mu of organic fertilizer 1000��1200;

(4), the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: the main diseases and insect pests of Flower of Aztec Marigold is: virus disease, blight, red spider; Virus disease virus prestige, octicin solution are prevented and treated; Blight 75% m-tetrachlorophthalodinitrile, derosal, thiophanate methyl are prevented and treated; Red spider is prevented and treated in the early stage, with 40% omethoate, 1000��1500 times of liquid or 50% Malathion missible oil, 1000 times of liquid, sprays 1 time every 7d, even spray 2 times; Subterranean pest-insect mainly mole cricket, grub, every mu of use 3% furans is red or 5% phorate granule 0.75��1 kilogram applies in soil in conjunction with transplanting, red spider, aphid can with 1.8% Chongmanke and fast gram of control of getting killed;

(6) pluck

Pluck autumn Flower of Aztec Marigold should, humidity low in temperature big time adopt and cut; Adopt the time of cutting for 1 day��2 days before flowering.

The present invention is a kind of Flower of Aztec Marigold normalized planting method that technician sums up through test of many times, present method is adopted to be possible not only to the output improving Flower of Aztec Marigold, and can ensure that its quality does not reduce because of the increase of output, plant family for Flower of Aztec Marigold and bring very big economic benefit.

Embodiment

Flower of Aztec Marigold is a kind of annual herb plant, is the desirable feedstock extracting pure natural yellow pigment. Through analysis expert, natural yellow pigment is the antioxidant of a kind of excellent performance, is widely used in foodstuffs industry and the chemical industry fields such as food, feed, medicine, has vital role to improving product color, be additive indispensable in work, agriculture production. Flower of Aztec Marigold happiness warm and moist and sunny environment, happiness is wet, drought-resistant. Growth optimal temperature is 15��25 DEG C, and florescence optimal temperature is 18��20 DEG C, it is desired to the air relative temperature of growing environment is 60��70%, and winter temperature is not less than 5 DEG C. Summer high temperature more than 30 DEG C, plant excessive growth, stem leaf is loose, blooms few. Less than 10 DEG C, growth is slowed down. Soil is required not tight by Flower of Aztec Marigold, with sandy loam fertile, that draining is good as well. The breeding of Flower of Aztec Marigold, based on seed breeding, it is possible to cottage propagation.

Technician, after test of many times, sums up the normalized planting method of a set of Flower of Aztec Marigold, and its concrete steps are: the first elite seed of (one) seed treatment, rejects impurity and not plump seed, it is ensured that seed is full. Then the seed selected is basked seeds, to kill and wound germ, strengthen seed vitality, it is to increase percentage of germination. Before sowing, seed is soaked 3��4h in 35��40 DEG C of warm water, then pull out and filter one time with clear water, dry moisture and can sow. For anti-sprout term disease, available thiophanate methyl or m-tetrachlorophthalodinitrile carry out dressing seed. (2) calm, fine day should be selected to carry out during sowing sowing. In sowing the same day seedbed is filled with permeable, until water ooze lower after can sow. During sowing, the seed handled well is mixed in thin sand and soil, divide and be spread on seedbed 2��3 times. Soil 0.7��the 1cm that sieves is covered after sowing.

(3), seedbed management spring sowing Flower of Aztec Marigold 6��7 days tidy seedlings outputs after sowing, seedling goes out the temperature that Qi Houying notes in seedbed and may not exceed 30 DEG C, in order to avoid causing burn seedlings and rotten. When seedling grows to 3��4cm, first to after the expansion of true leaf, it should be noted that ventilates, prevents excessive growth. In seedbed, temperature remains on 25��28 DEG C, and ventilation time at point in the morning 8��9, can not should ventilate when high temperature at noon, in order to avoid causing sudden strain of a muscle seedling. Such as cool winds weather, stop ventilating. When outdoor temperature on average is stabilized in more than 12 DEG C, sunny calm sky should be selected, open film, remove the weeds in seedbed. Such as lack of water, should to spray one time permeable, and builds film, stronger ventilation mouth, and watering in seedbed should not be too diligent, with keep between bed soil dry between wet be advisable. Film hardening should be taken off when outdoor temperature is stabilized in more than 15 DEG C, transplant and within front 6��8 days, stop watering, before transplanting by seedling, prepare against transplanting.

(4) transplant (1) transplanting time when the Flower of Aztec Marigold thick 0.3cm of seedling stem, the high 15��20cm of strain, appearance and 3��4 can transplant during true leaf. (2) planting patterns adopts wide-narrow row planting, big row 70��80cm, little row 40��50cm, spacing in the rows 25cm, and every mu is stayed seedling 4500 strain, and by size seedling, branch plants. (3) membrane covering adopts membrane covering, to improve ground temperature, promotes flower premature ripening. (4) water transplant after want broad irrigation, impel early slow seedling, early take root. (5), field management (1), cultivation and banking want the soil moisture conservation of shallow hoe after transplanting, as the high 25��30cm of seedling, a small amount of branch occurs, fetches earth from furrow and train in plant base portion, to inspire adventive root, prevent lodging, simultaneously the growth of weeds under suppression film. (2), watering according to soil moisture content after ridging of watering, each irrigation amount is unsuitable excessive, keeps soil moistening. (3), foliage top dressing carry out foliage top dressing when spending in full bloom, the time that sprays when afternoon 6��7, every mu of organic fertilizer 1000��1200.

(4), the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control

Flower of Aztec Marigold disease and pest is less, mainly virus disease, blight, red spider. Virus disease virus prestige, octicin solution are prevented and treated; Blight 75% m-tetrachlorophthalodinitrile, derosal, thiophanate methyl are prevented and treated; Red spider is prevented and treated in the early stage, with 40% omethoate, 1000��1500 times of liquid or 50% Malathion missible oil, 1000 times of liquid, sprays 1 time every 7d, even spray 2 times. Subterranean pest-insect mainly mole cricket, grub, every mu of use 3% furans is red or 5% phorate granule 0.75��1 kilogram applies in soil in conjunction with transplanting, red spider, aphid can with 1.8% Chongmanke and fast gram of control of getting killed.

(6) pluck

Flower of Aztec Marigold is generally in sowing in spring, and autumn plucks. Flower of Aztec Marigold should, humidity low in temperature big time adopt and cut, adopt and cut through early, often adopt and cut rear flower and not easily normally open; It is generally within 1 day before flowering��2 days, adopt to cut.

Flower of Aztec Marigold has effects such as controlling Whooping cough, trachitis, parotitis, mazoitis, toothache, order pain. Simultaneously owing to Flower of Aztec Marigold is the raw material extracting natural carotenol, and natural yellow pigment has the advantages such as nuisanceless, performance good, price is suitable for, be widely used, and Industrial products can be made to be improved significantly in appearance luster and quality. Therefore, along with the aggravation of industrialization degree, the Application Areas of natural yellow pigment can be increasing, and its market demand is very big. Adopt the present invention to plant method for planting and it is possible not only to the output improving Flower of Aztec Marigold, and its quality also can be protected, it is possible to for better economic benefit is brought at vast plantation family.

Claims (1)

1. the normalized planting method of a Flower of Aztec Marigold, it is characterised in that: the concrete steps of described kind of method for planting are:

(1) the first elite seed of seed treatment, rejects impurity and not plump seed, it is ensured that seed is full; Then the seed selected is basked seeds, to kill and wound germ, strengthen seed vitality, it is to increase percentage of germination; Before sowing, seed is soaked 3��4h in 35��40 DEG C of warm water, then pull out and filter one time with clear water, dry moisture and can sow; For anti-sprout term disease, available thiophanate methyl or m-tetrachlorophthalodinitrile carry out dressing seed;

(2) calm, fine day should be selected to carry out during sowing sowing; Seedbed should be filled with permeable the same day in sowing, during sowing, the seed handled well be mixed in thin sand and soil, and divide and be spread on seedbed 2��3 times, after sowing, cover the soil 0.7��1cm that sieves;

(3), after seedbed management spring sowing Flower of Aztec Marigold at 6��7 days tidy seedlings outputs, seedling goes out the temperature that Qi Houying notes in seedbed and may not exceed 30 DEG C, in order to avoid causing burn seedlings and rotten; When seedling grows to 3��4cm, first to after the expansion of true leaf, it should be noted that ventilates, prevents excessive growth; In seedbed, temperature remains on 25��28 DEG C, and ventilation time at point in the morning 8��9, can not should ventilate when high temperature at noon, in order to avoid causing sudden strain of a muscle seedling; Such as cool winds weather, stop ventilating; When outdoor temperature on average is stabilized in more than 12 DEG C, sunny calm sky should be selected, open film, remove the weeds in seedbed; Such as lack of water, should to spray one time permeable, and builds film, stronger ventilation mouth, and watering in seedbed should not be too diligent, keep dry between bed soil between wet; Film hardening should be taken off when outdoor temperature is stabilized in more than 15 DEG C, transplant and within front 6��8 days, stop watering, before transplanting by seedling, prepare against transplanting;

(4) (1) transplanting time is transplanted: as the Flower of Aztec Marigold thick 0.3��0.5cm of seedling stem, the high 15��20cm of strain, occur that 3��4 can transplant during true leaf; (2) planting patterns: adopting wide-narrow row planting, big row 70��80cm, little row 40��50cm, spacing in the rows 25cm, every mu is stayed seedling 4500 strain, by size seedling, branch plants; (3) membrane covering: adopt membrane covering, to improve ground temperature, promotes flower premature ripening; (4) water: after transplanting, want broad irrigation, impel early slow seedling, morning to take root;

(5), field management (1), cultivation and banking: want the soil moisture conservation of shallow hoe after transplanting, as the high 25��30cm of seedling, a small amount of branch occurs, fetch earth from furrow and train in plant base portion, to inspire adventive root, prevent lodging, simultaneously the growth of weeds under suppression film; (2), watering: water according to soil moisture content after ridging, each irrigation amount is unsuitable excessive, keeps soil moistening; (3), foliage top dressing: carry out foliage top dressing when spending in full bloom, the time that sprays when afternoon 6��7, every mu of organic fertilizer 1000��1200;

(4), the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: the main diseases and insect pests of Flower of Aztec Marigold is: virus disease, blight, red spider; Virus disease virus prestige, octicin solution are prevented and treated; Blight 75% m-tetrachlorophthalodinitrile, derosal, thiophanate methyl are prevented and treated; Red spider is prevented and treated in the early stage, with 40% omethoate, 1000��1500 times of liquid or 50% Malathion missible oil, 1000 times of liquid, sprays 1 time every 7d, even spray 2 times; Subterranean pest-insect mainly mole cricket, grub, every mu of use 3% furans is red or 5% phorate granule 0.75��1 kilogram applies in soil in conjunction with transplanting, red spider, aphid can with 1.8% Chongmanke and fast gram of control of getting killed;

(6) pluck

Pluck autumn Flower of Aztec Marigold should, humidity low in temperature big time adopt and cut; Adopt the time of cutting for 1 day��2 days before flowering.