CN105598142A - Method for repairing farmland soil polluted by cadmium - Google Patents
Method for repairing farmland soil polluted by cadmium Download PDFInfo
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- CN105598142A CN105598142A CN201610029445.1A CN201610029445A CN105598142A CN 105598142 A CN105598142 A CN 105598142A CN 201610029445 A CN201610029445 A CN 201610029445A CN 105598142 A CN105598142 A CN 105598142A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/10—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes
- B09C1/105—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes using fungi or plants
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for repairing farmland soil polluted by cadmium, belongs to the technical field of repairing and treatment of the farmland soil polluted by the cadmium, and solves the problems that the existing technology for repairing the farmland soil polluted by the cadmium is poor in effect, high in cost and not thorough in repairing, the soil cannot be used for farming after being repaired, and the farmland ecologic environment is affected severely. The method includes the steps of firstly, selecting farmland polluted by the cadmium, ploughing the soil of the farmland, crushing the soil, ridging, and arranging draining ditches; secondly, planting Salix Jiangsuensis CL. 172 cuttage in the farmland soil processed by the first step; thirdly, performing agricultural management and protection which includes watering, pest control and weeding on the Salix Jiangsuensis CL. 172 cuttage to allow the same to survive and grow normally. The method has the advantages that the repairing effect of the farmland soil polluted by the cadmium can be increased effectively, the method is low in repairing cost, stable, continuous and durable in repairing cycle and small in labor intensity of workers, the method belongs to the natural repairing technology, and a good ecological environment of the farmland is achieved at the same time.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to cadmium pollution soil reparation and administer technical field, more particularly, relating to a kind of restoring cadmium polluted farmland soilThe method of earth.
Background technology
Heavy metal pollution is the study hotspot of field of ecology on the impact of environment always, and cadmium (Cd) pollutes relatively more noticeable,Administering farmland Cd pollution is of great immediate significance in China. Administer farmland Cd pollution and need ripe recovery technique, soilCd Pollution Plant recovery technique is fundamentally to remove the method for putting things right once and for all of residual heavy metal in soil, has ecology, can holdThe feature such as continuous, green, also the most easily by people is accepted. For the phytoremediation technology of the heavy-metal contaminated soils such as Cd, for many yearsThe extensive concern that is subject to the ambits such as agrology, environmentology, ecology, agronomy, geochemistry, forefathers study Cd dirtDye the phytoremediation technology of soil also among constantly exploring and breaking through. During phytoremediation technology is applicable to, on a large scale low intensivePollution control, can, in the situation that spoiled soil ecological environment does not keep soil texture, directly incite somebody to action a large amount of huge sum of moneys by root system of plantBelong to element absorption, environmental protection, has permanent effect to the improvement of heavy-metal contaminated soil. Modern soil heavy metal pollution is plantedThe research of thing recovery technique is started in developed country, once has some developed countries develop artificial wetland and plant large-scale at discharge of industrial wastes mouthWater plant, is used for absorbing Heavy Metals in Waters etc. Phytoremediation technology research has two basic orientation, and the one, find and can absorbThe mcroorganism amount plant of heavy metal-polluted soil, the 2nd, find the super accumulation plant that can absorb heavy metal-polluted soil; Super accumulation plant is exactly canThe plant of excess enrichment heavy metal-polluted soil, is the main flow of current phytoremediation technology research, is main mainly with herbaceous plant. Draft is plantedSpecies is various, and strong stress resistance has adaptability and indomitable vitality widely, strong to the patience of heavy metal, also by extensivelyBe applied to the research and development of heavy-metal contaminated soil phytoremediation technology. The various heavy hyperaccumulative plant of finding at present all belongs to draft and plantsThing, for example: the super accumulation plant of arsenic ciliate desert-grass, sky blue blue dish, the manganese hyperaccumulative plant Phytolacca acinosa etc. held back of zinc Cd hyperaccumulator. DraftSuper enriching plant in plant still has stronger adaptive capacity to high concentration heavy metal, can effectively protect surface soil, richnessCollection high concentration metal. But herbal biomass is less, the total amount of extraction heavy metal-polluted soil is few, can not be applicable to large faceThe long-pending Cd polluted agricultural land that is subject to. The defect that mcroorganism amount plant exists can overcome above-mentioned super cumulant biological treatment heavy metal pollution time,But adopt mcroorganism amount plant treatment heavy metal (especially Cd) pollution technology also immature, poor effect.
Chinese Patent Application No. 200710020380.5, the patent document in open day on August 15th, 2007, discloses a kind of zincThe plant restoration method of cadmium combined pollution soil, is characterized in that companion ore deposit red-spotted stonecrop to cultivate the soil of zinc-cadmium combined pollution district administering in needTerritory, annual harvesting the harvested companion of transfer processing ore deposit red-spotted stonecrop. In order to reach the object of efficient improvement, can be on cultivation managementAnnual July and November gather in twice; Also can be by companion's ore deposit red-spotted stonecrop and elsholtzia splendens interplanting. The technical scheme of this disclosure of the invention adoptsBe herbaceous plant, its biomass is less, extraction heavy metal-polluted soil total amount few, can not be applicable to large area and polluted by CdFarmland.
Chinese Patent Application No. 200910024586.4, the patent application document in open day on July 22nd, 2009, discloses onePlant the plant restoration method of soil polluted by heavy metal cadmium, field is administered in the soil pollution belonging in environmental protection. The steps include:(A) content of periodic measurement Cadmium in Soil, carries out the slotting kind of willow: (B) willow inserts and kind adds after two months by ethyl lactateChemical enhancer with ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid composition. Willow in above-mentioned steps (A) is Su Liu clone J1011, and its plantation is closeEvery square metre of plantation 4～6 strains when degree is 6MG/KG for the content of every Cadmium in Soil. Adopt this invention can avoid plant shortThe defect of the heavy metal cadmium phytoremediation such as little, the speed of growth is slow, the upperground part biomass is little; And improve that independent use is organic joinsBody is as the remediation efficiency of chelating extractant remediating heavy metal, and rehabilitation cost is lower; The use of lactate has reduced synthetic chelating agentAs the use amount of EDTA, thereby reduce the environmental risk of heavy metal cadmium in plant extract rehabilitating soil. Chinese Patent Application No.200910184526.9, the patent application document in open day on February 10th, 2010, discloses the compound dirt of a kind of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-cadmiumDye the chemical enhanced plant restoration method of soil, belong to soil pollution and administer field. The steps include: (A) measure Cadmium in Soil andThe content of Phenanthrene and pyrene, carries out the slotting kind of willow; (B) willow inserts to plant after four months and adds by ethyl lactate and ethylenediamineThe chemical enhancer of tetraacethyl composition. Willow is golden silk willow J1011, and its planting density is respectively every 5,50 and 6mg/kg soilEarth China and Philippines, pyrene and every square metre of plantation 4～6 strains of cadmium. This invention has avoided that plant is short and small, the speed of growth is slow, the upperground part biomassThe defect of the phytoremediation such as little; Reduce the environmental risk of heavy metal cadmium in plant extract rehabilitating soil; These chemical enhancersBe added in and improve the remediation efficiency as chelating extractant remediating heavy metal with organic ligand separately, also strengthened in soil simultaneouslyThe repairing effect of organic pollution polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, repairs when having realized Cadmium in Soil and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon composite pollution. Above-mentioned twoThe disclosed technical scheme of part patent application all needs to add chemical enhancer, and cost is higher in actual applications, and unavoidably givesSoil brings new pollution, easily spoiled soil natural ecological environment.
Comprise that tessellated region, Nei the Changjiang river, Jiangsu is that China's arable land huge sum of money pollutes one of serious area, and present stage is cultivated to JiangsuGround Heavy Metal Pollution, administers the anxious scarce practical recovery technique of the heavy metal pollutions such as cadmium. The practicality of research and development relatively economical,The research of phytoremediation in heavy metal contaminated soils such as cadmium is extremely urgent cheaply.
Summary of the invention
The problem that 1, will solve
High for existing cadmium pollution agricultural land soil recovery technique weak effect, cost, repair not thoroughly, after reparation, still can not continueCultivate, have a strong impact on the problem of farmland ecological environment, the invention provides a kind of method of restoring cadmium polluted agricultural land soil, can be effectiveImprove cadmium pollution agricultural land soil repairing effect, rehabilitation cost is low, and repairing efficiency is stable, lasting, permanent, and hand labor amountLittle, belong to natural recovery technique, brought good ecological environment to farmland simultaneously.
2, technical scheme
For addressing the above problem, the present invention adopts following technical scheme.
A method for restoring cadmium polluted agricultural land soil, comprises the following steps:
(1) selected cadmium pollution farmland, turns over, hack, Fen Long, escape canal is set its soil;
(2) in step (1) cadmium pollution agricultural land soil after treatment, planting Su Liu 172 cuttings;
(3) Su Liu 172 cuttings in step (2) are carried out to agronomy and manage and protect, comprise and water, control worm, weeding, make step (2)In cutting survive and normal growth.
Preferably, in described step (1), turn over, the depth of soil on hack, point ridge is 20-22cm.
Preferably, in described step (1), the width on soil point ridge is 3.9m; Spacing between every ridge is 1.2m.
Preferably, in described step (2), the spacing that plants of cutting is 40cm × 30cm.
Preferably, in described step (3), after the full 1-1.5 of cutting normal growth, from agricultural land soil, connect root and all remove, heavyNewly plant Su Liu 172 cuttings, treat that year and a day removes again, repeat 3-5 time, complete the reparation of cadmium pollution agricultural land soil.
Preferably, the agronomy in described step (3) is managed and protected and is also comprised cleaning fallen leaves.
3, beneficial effect
Than prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
(1) the present invention plants Su Liu 172 in cadmium pollution agricultural land soil, residual by drawing in soil in Su Liu 172 growth coursesThe Cd staying, can make Cd reduced year by year in soil, and test data can make the Cd content in contaminated soil average in showing 1 yearThe Cd content entirety of cadmium pollution agricultural land soil that declines in 17.2%, 1.5 year 40% left and right that declines, contains the Cd in agricultural land soilAmount is greater than 5mg/kg and drops to 3mg/kg left and right from processing, and in Su Liu 172 growth courses, can also absorb in agricultural land soil simultaneouslyResidual part heavy metal Zn, is further optimized the ecological environment of agricultural land soil;
(2) in step of the present invention (1), turn over, the depth of soil on hack, point ridge is 20-22cm, makes Su Liu's 172Root system can be fully with its around the cadmium pollution soil of the 20-22cm degree of depth contact, thereby make cadmium pollution farmland obtain comparatively totally,Process thoroughly;
(3) in step of the present invention (1), the width on soil point ridge is 3.9m, and the spacing between every ridge is 1.2m, and cuttingPlanting spacing is 40cm × 30cm, makes the root system after Su Liu 172 grows up can comparatively comprehensively cover processed agricultural land soil,Improve cadmium pollution treatment effect;
(4) in step of the present invention (3), after the full 1-1.5 of cutting normal growth, from agricultural land soil, connect root and all remove, again insertPlant Su Liu 172 cuttings, treat that year and a day removes again, repeat 3-5 time; Can make Su Liu 172 bring into play maximum processing effect, simultaneouslyThe cadmium element of avoiding in Su Liu 172 absorbing returns to tell to agricultural land soil and produces secondary pollution; Repeat 3-5 time and can make cadmium pollution placeManage more thorough;
(5) agronomy in step of the present invention (3) is managed and protected and is also comprised cleaning fallen leaves, to prevent the cadmium unit of Su Liu 172 root absorptionsElement produces secondary pollution by fallen leaves to agricultural land soil, thereby has improved Su Liu 172 and process effect and the effect of cadmium pollution agricultural land soilRate.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is selected agricultural land soil Cd content temporal evolution figure in the embodiment of the present invention 1;
Fig. 2 is Su Liu 172 leaf Cd content temporal evolution figure in the embodiment of the present invention 1;
Fig. 3 is each organization internal Cd content distribution figure when Su Liu 172 grows into 1.5 years in the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with related tests process, main chart and enforcement illustration, the present invention will be further described:
Embodiment 1
A method for restoring cadmium polluted agricultural land soil, comprises the following steps:
(1) cadmium pollution farmland, Xishan District, selected Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province, area is 2.6 mu, measures its soil Cd content and dividesNot, soil Cd skewness, Cd content between 4-13mg/kg, average Cd content is greater than 6.0mg/kg; Cd etc.Heavy metal contaminants is mainly gathered in earth's surface to the soil between 20cm, and topsoil not only Cd, Hg is obviously higher, andAlso with slight Zn enrichment and soil acidification; 80 meters of length, wide 22 meters (approximately 2.6 mu of floor spaces) after selected are carried outArrangement, rents machinery and manually by small, broken bits above about 20cm deep soil, leveling, trench digging divides a ridge, according to field natural lengthBe divided into 5 ridges, be to every ridge 80m length × 3.9m wide, between ridge and ridge, stay the 1.2m gutter personnel's passage of walking of holding concurrently, fieldPiece surrounding is dug the above zanjon of 80cm and surrounding isolation, is used as experimental field gutter simultaneously;
(2) in step (1) cadmium pollution agricultural land soil after treatment, planting in advance and be ready to according to 40cm × 30cm spacingSu Liu 172 branches, in disposable 13000, the wicker that plants on April 10th, 1, survive approximately more than 90%, after 1 month, comply withSurvive situation according to willow and carry out suitable thinning or interpolation, approximately 11000 of the Su Liu 17 finally surviving;
(3) Su Liu 172 cuttings in step (2) are carried out to agronomy and manage and protect, comprise and water, control worm, weeding, make step (2)In cutting survive and normal growth; Every cleaning half a year fallen leaves, and to cadmium pollution soil sample analysis chemical examination 1 time, adopt at every turn20, collection fixing soil sample, 20, Folium Pterocaryae sample; Accumulation gathers after 160 of 150 of pedotheques, Folium Pterocaryae sampleFinish to repair.
For improving the treatment effect of the inventive method to cadmium pollution agricultural land soil, step in the present embodiment (3) proceeds in test1.5 years time, from agricultural land soil, grub out and round a willow and again plant again Su Liu 172 cuttings, treat full removing again for 1.5 years, repeat3 times, complete the reparation of cadmium pollution agricultural land soil.
The present embodiment plants Su Liu 172 branches in the heavy metal severe contamination farmlands such as Cd can obtain obvious repairing effect. As Fig. 1Shown in, in the present embodiment, plant cutting to step (3) reparation from step (2) and finish Cd content in agricultural land soil, soilThe highest Cd content of earth drops to 5.4mg/kg from 10.7mg/kg, and the maximum range of decrease approaches 50%, and in first 1.5 years, willow absorbsSoil Cd effect is the most obvious, but owing to having the Battery Plant of normal operation, Battery Plant near the selected cadmium pollution farmland of the present embodimentThere is continuation to pollute to this selected agricultural land soil, so in Fig. 1 1.5 years take root in deep, near soil because of willow belowCd pollution source does not cut off, and causes and repairs the phenomenon that anti-liter has appearred not falling in field soil Cd content, essence and willow later stage masterAbsorb the Cd that leaf absorbs in atmosphere less than remaining in the Cd in agricultural land soil and be also not enough to offset pollution sources institute of Battery PlantThe Cd supplying with has substantial connection. As shown in Figure 2, contrasted the Cd content of the willow different times Folium Pterocaryae of growing in this enforcementChange, can find out that the Cd content of Folium Pterocaryae in First Year and BCF value thereof are all relatively the highest, this and the interior willow of First YearSetting grows is planted in superficial part, it is relevant from Cd high-load soil, fully to absorb enough Cd, with Fig. 1 mid-early stage soilIt is corresponding that Cd content presents significantly decline; When willow grows into 1.5 years, it absorbs Cd and is tending towards saturated from soil, thisIn Shi Liushu plant tissue system, still absorb soil Cd (as shown in Figure 3) relatively at most with tree root, leaf, illustrate that willow inhalesReceive soil Cd and mainly rely on leaf, tree root.
Therefore, in the present embodiment, step (3) grubs out from agricultural land soil in the time that test proceeds to 1.5 years that to round a willow heavy againNewly plant Su Liu 172 cuttings, treat full removing again for 1.5 years, repeats 3 times, can continue to keep in Fig. 1 the processing of first 1.5 years to imitateReally, and then improve cadmium pollution agricultural land soil strength disposal and efficiency, can be thorough in the situation that stopping the chronic pollutions such as Battery PlantSolve the cadmium pollution in agricultural land soil, reduction is healthy, the ecological environment of environmental protection.
Embodiment 2
Identical with embodiment 1, difference is: in embodiment 1, in selected cadmium pollution farmland, choose half mu by common gardeningPlantation weeping willow and other nursery stock contrast, and result is presented on the Cd contaminated land in same location, and the present invention and other are pressedIn the effect that absorbs soil Cd, there is significant difference in the plant of common gardening plantation, taking 1 term of plant growth leaf as example,In the present invention, in the leaf of Su Liu 172, Cd content is the highest, and Su Liu 172 leaves absorb the biological concentration coefficient B CF of soil Cd(BCF=leaf Cd concentration/soil Cd concentration) on average reaches 6.33, far above weeping willow, the red maple etc. planted by common gardeningOther nursery stock, comparing result is as follows: (in table 1).
Table 1 Su Liu 172 of the present invention, other nursery stock leaf, pedotheque Cd content (mg/kg) analysis result
Table 1 shows, the ability that only leaf absorbs pedo relict Cd of the Su Liu 172 in the present invention is exactly weeping willow, red maple, extensively beautifulThe blue decades of times that waits nursery stock, in addition, Su Liu 172 itself has very large biomass, easily survives, also easily transplants and growthFast, in conjunction with the processing mode to Su Liu 172 in the present invention, aspect reparation agricultural land soil Cd pollution, possessing many advantages,Can produce extraordinary effect.
Embodiment 3
Identical with embodiment 1, difference is: for improving the treatment effect of the inventive method to cadmium pollution agricultural land soil, this realityExecute step in example (3) grubs out and rounds a willow and again plant Su Liu 172 again and insert in the time that test proceeds to 1 year from agricultural land soilBar, treats full removing again for 1 year, repeats 4 times, completes the reparation of cadmium pollution agricultural land soil. Although this embodiment is to Su Liu's 172Shift out and to plant frequency higher, but also can play good repairing effect: the highest Cd content of soil drops to from 10.7mg/kg6.3mg/kg, the maximum range of decrease approaches 41%.
Claims (6)
1. a method for restoring cadmium polluted agricultural land soil, comprises the following steps:
(1) selected cadmium pollution farmland, turns over, hack, Fen Long, escape canal is set its soil;
(2) in step (1) cadmium pollution agricultural land soil after treatment, planting Su Liu 172 cuttings;
(3) Su Liu 172 cuttings in step (2) are carried out to agronomy and manage and protect, comprise and water, control worm, weeding, make step (2)In cutting survive and normal growth.
2. the method for a kind of restoring cadmium polluted agricultural land soil according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described step (1)In turn over, the depth of soil on hack, point ridge is 20-22cm.
3. the method for a kind of restoring cadmium polluted agricultural land soil according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described step (1)The width on middle soil point ridge is 3.9m; Spacing between every ridge is 1.2m.
4. the method for a kind of restoring cadmium polluted agricultural land soil according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described step (2)The spacing that plants of middle cutting is 40cm × 30cm.
5. according to the method for a kind of restoring cadmium polluted agricultural land soil described in claim 2 or 4, it is characterized in that: described stepSuddenly in (3), after the full 1-1.5 of cutting normal growth, from agricultural land soil, connect root and all remove, again plant Su Liu 172 cuttings,Treat that year and a day removes again, repeat 3-5 time, complete the reparation of cadmium pollution agricultural land soil.
6. the method for a kind of restoring cadmium polluted agricultural land soil according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described step (3)In agronomy manage and protect and also comprise cleaning fallen leaves.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106269829A (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2017-01-04 | 环境保护部华南环境科学研究所 | A kind of wide suitable efficient lossless in-situ immobilization is by the method in heavy metal pollution farmland |
| CN107494087A (en) * | 2017-08-21 | 2017-12-22 | 广西贵港市恒桥米业有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of organic glutinous rice |
| CN110508612A (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2019-11-29 | 江苏省地质调查研究院 | The method of cadmium is remained in a kind of removing farmland |
| CN114029323A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-02-11 | 南京大学 | Application of salix cheilophila J885 in treatment of cadmium-polluted soil |
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| CN101486041A (en) * | 2009-02-20 | 2009-07-22 | 南京大学 | Plant repairing method for soil polluted by heavy metal cadmium |
| CN102124886A (en) * | 2010-12-03 | 2011-07-20 | 天津师范大学 | Method for remedying lead-polluted soil by utilizing Salix dascladus |
| CN104289506A (en) * | 2014-10-21 | 2015-01-21 | 赵连祺 | Biological remediation method for soil polluted by cadmium, zinc, lead and copper ions |
| CN104289509A (en) * | 2014-10-21 | 2015-01-21 | 赵连祺 | Biological heavy metal contaminated soil remediation method |
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Patent Citations (4)
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| CN101486041A (en) * | 2009-02-20 | 2009-07-22 | 南京大学 | Plant repairing method for soil polluted by heavy metal cadmium |
| CN102124886A (en) * | 2010-12-03 | 2011-07-20 | 天津师范大学 | Method for remedying lead-polluted soil by utilizing Salix dascladus |
| CN104289506A (en) * | 2014-10-21 | 2015-01-21 | 赵连祺 | Biological remediation method for soil polluted by cadmium, zinc, lead and copper ions |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106269829A (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2017-01-04 | 环境保护部华南环境科学研究所 | A kind of wide suitable efficient lossless in-situ immobilization is by the method in heavy metal pollution farmland |
| CN107494087A (en) * | 2017-08-21 | 2017-12-22 | 广西贵港市恒桥米业有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of organic glutinous rice |
| CN110508612A (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2019-11-29 | 江苏省地质调查研究院 | The method of cadmium is remained in a kind of removing farmland |
| CN114029323A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-02-11 | 南京大学 | Application of salix cheilophila J885 in treatment of cadmium-polluted soil |
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