CN105593349A - 覆盖有金属性复合沉积物的用于管状部件的连接元件以及获得这样的元件的方法 - Google Patents
覆盖有金属性复合沉积物的用于管状部件的连接元件以及获得这样的元件的方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105593349A CN105593349A CN201480054446.0A CN201480054446A CN105593349A CN 105593349 A CN105593349 A CN 105593349A CN 201480054446 A CN201480054446 A CN 201480054446A CN 105593349 A CN105593349 A CN 105593349A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- connection element
- weight
- nickel
- tubular part
- layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title abstract 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 4
- OFNHPGDEEMZPFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphanylidynenickel Chemical class [P].[Ni] OFNHPGDEEMZPFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002955 immunomodulating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000002584 immunomodulator Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 229940121354 immunomodulator Drugs 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 claims description 2
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- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- ITRNXVSDJBHYNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten disulfide Chemical compound S=[W]=S ITRNXVSDJBHYNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001096 P alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
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- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract 1
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- 238000005844 autocatalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910020994 Sn-Zn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000089 Cyclic olefin copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NNLOHLDVJGPUFR-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;3,4,5,6-tetrahydroxy-2-oxohexanoate Chemical compound [Ca+2].OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(=O)C([O-])=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(=O)C([O-])=O NNLOHLDVJGPUFR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004210 cathodic protection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052729 chemical element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical compound FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
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- UAJUXJSXCLUTNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pranlukast Chemical compound C=1C=C(OCCCCC=2C=CC=CC=2)C=CC=1C(=O)NC(C=1)=CC=C(C(C=2)=O)C=1OC=2C=1N=NNN=1 UAJUXJSXCLUTNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- DHCDFWKWKRSZHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfurothioic S-acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=S DHCDFWKWKRSZHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/02—Couplings; joints
- E21B17/04—Couplings; joints between rod or the like and bit or between rod and rod or the like
- E21B17/042—Threaded
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M103/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being an inorganic material
- C10M103/02—Carbon; Graphite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M103/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being an inorganic material
- C10M103/04—Metals; Alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M103/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being an inorganic material
- C10M103/06—Metal compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M107/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound
- C10M107/38—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound containing halogen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/1601—Process or apparatus
- C23C18/1633—Process of electroless plating
- C23C18/1646—Characteristics of the product obtained
- C23C18/165—Multilayered product
- C23C18/1651—Two or more layers only obtained by electroless plating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/1601—Process or apparatus
- C23C18/1633—Process of electroless plating
- C23C18/1655—Process features
- C23C18/1662—Use of incorporated material in the solution or dispersion, e.g. particles, whiskers, wires
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/1601—Process or apparatus
- C23C18/1633—Process of electroless plating
- C23C18/1689—After-treatment
- C23C18/1692—Heat-treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/31—Coating with metals
- C23C18/32—Coating with nickel, cobalt or mixtures thereof with phosphorus or boron
- C23C18/34—Coating with nickel, cobalt or mixtures thereof with phosphorus or boron using reducing agents
- C23C18/36—Coating with nickel, cobalt or mixtures thereof with phosphorus or boron using reducing agents using hypophosphites
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B33/00—Features common to bolt and nut
- F16B33/008—Corrosion preventing means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L15/00—Screw-threaded joints; Forms of screw-threads for such joints
- F16L15/001—Screw-threaded joints; Forms of screw-threads for such joints with conical threads
- F16L15/004—Screw-threaded joints; Forms of screw-threads for such joints with conical threads with axial sealings having at least one plastically deformable sealing surface
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L58/00—Protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation
- F16L58/18—Protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation specially adapted for pipe fittings
- F16L58/182—Protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation specially adapted for pipe fittings for screw-threaded joints
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/04—Elements
- C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
- C10M2201/0413—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black used as base material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/04—Elements
- C10M2201/05—Metals; Alloys
- C10M2201/053—Metals; Alloys used as base material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
- C10M2201/061—Carbides; Hydrides; Nitrides
- C10M2201/0613—Carbides; Hydrides; Nitrides used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
- C10M2201/062—Oxides; Hydroxides; Carbonates or bicarbonates
- C10M2201/0623—Oxides; Hydroxides; Carbonates or bicarbonates used as base material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
- C10M2201/065—Sulfides; Selenides; Tellurides
- C10M2201/0653—Sulfides; Selenides; Tellurides used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
- C10M2201/065—Sulfides; Selenides; Tellurides
- C10M2201/066—Molybdenum sulfide
- C10M2201/0663—Molybdenum sulfide used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/10—Compounds containing silicon
- C10M2201/102—Silicates
- C10M2201/103—Clays; Mica; Zeolites
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Abstract
本发明涉及用于管状部件的连接元件,所述连接元件覆盖有包含由镍-磷合金构成的主层的涂层。本发明还涉及包含一个或多个这样的连接元件的管状部件,以及用于制备这样的连接元件的方法。
Description
本发明涉及用于管状部件的连接元件,所述连接元件覆盖有特别的金属性复合涂层。
如在本发明中使用的术语“管状部件”意指用于钻探或操作井的任何元件或配件。
如在本发明的上下文中使用的术语“连接元件”意指参与连接管状部件与另一个管状部件的管状部件的任何端部元件。
打算将管状部件通过一个或多个连接元件(特别是螺纹、密封表面和邻接肩部)与另一个管状部件连接,以便构成与该另一管状部件的螺纹管状连接。该管状部件例如可为相对大长度的管(特别是长度约十米)、长度约几十厘米的管状连接器、用于这样的管的配件(悬挂装置或吊架、用于适应横截面的零件、或转换接头、安全阀、钻杆连接件或工具接头、接头等)。
管状部件通常彼此连接以用于进入烃井或类似的井中并且构建钻柱、套管柱或衬管或油管柱或实际上的操作柱。
与国际标准组织(ISO)发布的ISO标准11960:2004等效的由美国石油协会(API)发布的API规范5CT管理用作套管或油管的管的规范,并且API规范5B限定了用于这样的管的标准螺纹。API规范7限定了螺纹连接件,其具有用于旋转钻杆的肩部。
具有螺纹连接体的管状部件的制造商还开发了已知为优质连接体的螺纹连接体,其具有特定几何形状的螺纹,和用于提供服役中的较好性能(特别是就机械强度和密封而言)的特定方法。例如在专利文献EP1631762,US7334821,US7997627,US7823931,US-2010/301603,US-2011/0025051,US7900975,US8038179,US-2011/241340,EP0488912,EP0767335,EP1269060和US4494777,EP2501974和WO-2012/025461中描述了这样的优质螺纹连接体和这些特定的方法的实例。
将这些螺纹端部以及支撑面和邻接肩部非常精确地机加工以符合对于达到需要的性能所需的轮廓和几何形状。
因此,被非常精细和仔细地机加工的这些端部在它们离开它们的生产线的时间和它们投入使用的时间之间,而且在两次相继的使用之间尽可能少地被损坏、污染和劣化是极重要的。将理解的是事实上有必要不仅保护螺纹而且保护任何一个(或多个)支撑面和一个(或多个)邻接肩部,其各自具有对于螺纹的功能为特定和互补的功能,并且在使用中抵抗冲撞(碰撞)、腐蚀和灰尘时其一起提供有效的密封。
对于连接元件的第一需要的品质为硬度。
特别地,邻接肩部暴露于在特别是在被储存在钻探平台(钻探用具)上或在基底上时的管状部件的处置期间或者在使管状部件的阳部分和***分、特别是螺纹在装配前接触时的操作(对扣操作)期间所产生的碰撞和冲击。
另外,邻接肩部必须能够容忍在操作期间的压缩、拉伸和扭曲方面的机械载荷。
因此,硬度对于邻接肩部是必要的性质。
螺纹也必须具有硬度方面的良好性质。事实上,螺纹必须具有良好的擦伤防护性质。增加表面硬度允许保护螺纹免于擦伤。
另外,增加硬度允许防止材料从一个表面转移到另一个表面。
最后,螺纹在装配和拆卸操作期间必须不磨损。
密封表面也必须具有足够的硬度,特别是因为密封表面导致用于管状部件的连接的密封。事实上,密封表面是形状通常为锥形的表面,该表面位于第一管状部件的端部上,当两个管状部件通过它们各自的端部连接在一起时,该表面导致在第二部件的端部的密封表面上施加压力。在接触和压力下的这两个锥形表面可用于产生密封并且防止被称作连接的管状部件的内部区域的区域和在连接的管状部件的外部的区域之间通过流体。当连接时这些部件可用于参与从井中并且在这些井内部提取油,并且因此在部件内部,可存在非常高的压力下的液体柱。
连接元件还必须在耐腐蚀性和润滑性质方面表现良好。
特别地,连接的元件在使用之前(有时在高度侵蚀性的环境中)可储存几年。
润滑性质对于螺纹特别重要。邻接肩部也必须被润滑,但是比螺纹的程度小。
还应该防护螺纹肩部免于擦伤,特别是在装配和拆卸操作期间。事实上,在井处,螺纹必须能够经历几个装配和拆卸循环。在高轴向载荷例如待通过螺纹连接来竖直连接的长度几米(通常10至13米)的管的重量(其特别是在螺纹中导致擦伤风险)下竖直进行装配操作。因为竖直悬挂待连接的管,这种载荷由于螺纹元件的轴的略微未对准而可局部化,增加了擦伤的风险。
用于上述的管状部件的连接元件通常涂覆有抗腐蚀油脂,在即将将它们连接之前移除该抗腐蚀油脂。在这样的连接之前,移除了抗腐蚀油脂并且添加了润滑油脂(该操作已知为钻探用具准备)。然而,现有技术的油脂经受一定数量的与它们的有毒成分的量、它们所产生的污染和在能够使部件进入井中之前必要的先前步骤的数目相关的缺点。特别地,传统上采用高压喷水器进行抗腐蚀油脂(也称作储存油脂)的清洁。该操作漫长、不干净,可能污染附近的其它连接件并且使得使用用于流出物的容纳和再加工罐以符合环境标准成为必要。
专利文献US6027145、EP1211451和EP1934508公开了已知在工厂施加包含固体润滑剂颗粒的干润滑剂。在工厂使用干润滑剂时的这些情况下,则有必要保护润滑产物层(用其尽可能多地涂覆部件的端部)免于机械移除和免于污染(砂和碎片),其可对润滑产物的效力具有不利影响。
为此,还已知一旦制造了螺纹端部就在工厂施加的这些产物层旨在提供在储存周期期间端部的抗腐蚀保护和用于该端部随后的装配的润滑,如特别是在文献WO2004/033951或WO2008/125740中教导的那样。特别地,润滑必须能够控制连接的装配扭矩的特性曲线以保证最终的密封。
所使用的组合物可由多功能涂层组成,其为抗腐蚀的和润滑的,如WO2008/125740中描述的施加至待连接的每个端部,或施加至如WO2004/033951中描述的叠加层,其中一些是润滑剂并且其它的保护免受腐蚀。
不论它们是什么,在装配期间,抗腐蚀元件与润滑元件混合并且将改变在不采用它们的情况下会观察到的润滑行为。通常证实了这些功能之间的联合是非常强和矛盾的。设计的抗腐蚀行为的改进通常导致润滑能力的劣化,并且反之亦然,润滑能力的改进降低在储存期间的腐蚀行为。由现有技术解决方案提出的折衷的性能是有限的。
此外,通常使用的干抗腐蚀涂层不能保证非常长的抗腐蚀性周期,特别是在高度侵蚀性环境(例如海洋环境、工业环境、高凝结物环境和/或大的温度范围)中。
因此,存在对于提供连接元件的需求,该连接元件具有硬度、耐腐蚀性和润滑方面的良好性质,其不经受现有技术的缺点。
因此,本发明提供了用于管状部件的连接元件,所述连接元件覆盖有涂层,该涂层包含由镍-磷合金构成的主层。
磷通常占该镍-磷合金的总重量的5重量%至13重量%、优选8重量%至13重量%、更优选10重量%至12重量%、甚至更优选10.5重量%至11.5重量%。
根据本发明的第一实施方案,由镍-磷合金构成的该主层的厚度有利地处于5至10μm的范围内。所述厚度允许提供对于连接元件所需要的硬度。
根据本发明的第二实施方案,由镍-磷合金构成的该主层的厚度为15至35μm、优选20至35μm、更优选25至30μm。这样的厚度不仅允许提供对于连接元件所需要的硬度,而且允许提供对腐蚀的防护。
MACDERMID公司推荐了这样的镍-磷合金层:商品名NIKLADXD7647。
根据优选的实施方案,该涂层进一步包含另外层,该另外层由包含一种或多种固体润滑剂化合物的颗粒的镍-磷合金构成,所述另外层置于所述主层上。
固体润滑剂是固体和稳定的物质,其***两个摩擦表面之间,以降低摩擦系数和减少表面的磨损和损坏。
可将这些物质分为由它们的功能机制和它们的结构所限定的各种类别。例如在由MrEricGard在EcoleNationaleSupérieuredes
PétrolesetMoteurs(法国)上发表的名称为“Leslubrifiantssolides[Solidlubricants]”的讲义中描述了这些类别:
●1类:将其润滑性质归因于其晶态结构的固体物质,例如石墨、氮化硼BN或氧化锌ZnO;
●2类:将其润滑性质一方面归因于其晶态结构并且另一方面归因于其组成中的反应性化学元素的固体物质,例如二硫化钼MoS2、氟化石墨、硫化锡或硫化铋。
●3类:将其润滑性质归因于其化学反应性的固体物质,例如硫代硫酸盐型的一些化学化合物(例如由DesilubeTechnologyInc.销售的Desilube88);
●4类:将其润滑性质归因于在摩擦载荷下的塑性或粘塑性行为的固体物质,例如聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)或聚酰胺。
还可引用碳化硅和碳化钨。
该一种或多种固体润滑剂化合物的颗粒有利地选自聚四氟乙烯、滑石、云母、氮化硼、碳化硅、碳化钨、硫化钨、硫化钼及其混合物的颗粒。
优选地,该一种或多种固体润滑剂化合物的颗粒选自聚四氟乙烯颗粒。
有利地,包含一种或多种固体润滑剂化合物的颗粒的该镍-磷合金的磷占包含一种或多种固体润滑剂化合物的颗粒的该镍-磷合金的总重量的5重量%至13重量%、优选8重量%至13重量%、更优选10重量%至12重量%。
该一种或多种固体润滑剂化合物的颗粒有利地占20体积%至35体积%、优选25体积%至30体积%,相对于包含一种或多种固体润滑剂化合物的颗粒的该镍-磷合金的总体积计。
由包含一种或多种固体润滑剂化合物的颗粒的镍-磷合金构成的所述另外层的厚度可处于3至13μm、优选5至10μm的范围内。
MACDERMID公司推荐了这种类型的包含聚四氟乙烯颗粒的镍-磷合金层:商品名NIKLADICEUltra。
此外,该涂层可包含润滑剂层,该润滑剂层置于所述主层上,或者当该涂层包含所述另外层时,该润滑剂层置于所述另外层上。
该润滑剂层可选自油脂、半固体润滑剂层或包含处于树脂中的一种或多种固体润滑剂颗粒的固体干润滑剂层。
该半固体润滑剂层通常包含一种或多种极压添加剂、一种或多种固体润滑剂颗粒、一种或多种金属性皂和一种或多种低熔点蜡。例如在专利申请FR2937046中描述了这样的半固体润滑剂层。
该固体干润滑剂层通常包含一种或多种固体润滑剂颗粒,用于降低在树脂粘结剂例如有机或无机聚合物中的摩擦,选自可热固化的环氧树脂;聚氨酯;不饱和聚酯;聚苯基砜;聚酰亚胺和硅树脂;热塑性聚烯烃、烯烃共聚物、聚酰胺、聚酰胺-酰亚胺、聚芳醚酮树脂;SiO2/MxO比率大于2的碱性聚硅酸盐,其中M=Na、K或Li;有机金属化合物,例如烷氧基-钛酸酯或硅酸乙酯。
根据第一实施方案,本发明的连接元件可为螺纹。
根据第二实施方案,本发明的连接元件可为密封表面。
根据第三实施方案,本发明的连接元件可为邻接肩部。
本发明还涉及包含根据本发明的一个或多个连接元件的管状部件。
更特别地,本发明的管状部件由钢、特别是例如在APT5CT标准中描述的那些钢制备,例如以小于0.25%的比例包含碳的那些钢,和/或优选具有例如在标准ISO11960和ISO13680中限定的那些的级别的钢,和/或H40、J55、K55、M65、L80、C90、C95、T95、P110、Q125、碳钢或13Cr或S13Cr或Duplex22Cr+25Cr或Super-Duplex25Cr马氏体钢或Fe27Cr奥氏体钢。
根据第一实施方案,本发明的管状部件包含螺纹,该螺纹为根据本发明的连接元件。在该实施方案中,本发明的管状部件还可包含邻接肩部,该邻接肩部为根据本发明的连接元件。
在第二实施方案中,本发明的管状部件包含邻接肩部,该邻接肩部为根据本发明的连接元件。
在第三实施方案中,根据本发明的管状部件包含密封表面,该密封表面为根据本发明的连接元件。在该实施方案中,根据本发明的管状部件还可包含螺纹,该螺纹为根据本发明的连接元件,和/或包含邻接肩部,该邻接肩部为根据本发明的连接元件。
本发明的管状部件可通过可以是根据本发明或可以不是根据本发明的一个或多个连接元件(特别是螺纹、密封表面和邻接肩部)与可以是根据本发明或可以不是根据本发明的另一管状部件连接,以形成螺纹管状连接。
特别地,在其端部之一,取决于螺纹端部是阳型或阴型,管状部件具有在其外或内周界表面上形成的螺纹,这种螺纹允许部件与互补部件连接。
本发明的包含一个或多个覆盖有由如上所限定的主层和任选的另外层构成的涂层的连接元件的阴型管状部件可与不是根据本发明并且包含一个或多个仅覆盖有如上所限定的润滑剂层的连接元件的阳型管状部件连接。
根据本发明的包含一个或多个覆盖有由如上所限定的主层、任选的另外层和润滑剂层构成的涂层的连接元件的阴型管状部件可与根据本发明并且包含一个或多个覆盖有如上所限定的主层和任选的另外层的连接元件的阳型管状部件连接。
根据本发明的包含一个或多个覆盖有由如上所限定的主层、任选的另外层和润滑剂层构成的涂层的连接元件的阴型管状部件可与根据本发明并且包含一个或多个覆盖有如上所限定的主层、任选的另外层和润滑剂层的连接元件的阳型管状部件连接。
使用根据本发明的连接元件和根据本发明的管状部件意味着可以省掉用于连接体的清洁和润滑的步骤(钻探用具准备溶液)。根据本发明所使用的涂层是高度粘性的并且不是可变形的,并且因而避免使用特别设计来限制对涂层的损坏的特定保护体(例如螺纹上的无接触保护体或密封保护体)。
保护体事实上是为了保护螺纹和连接体免于腐蚀和对涂层的损坏而变得越来越复杂的装置。本发明意味着可使用简化的保护体,例如非密封保护体,或者甚至这样的保护体:其制造规范不再需要太严格以便确保保护体的表面和连接体的表面之间直接的接触非常好。
通过提供基材的阴极保护,根据本发明所使用的涂层具有良好的耐腐蚀性水平。如上所限定的并且具有低的可润湿性的润滑剂化合物的颗粒的任选存在还意味着改进了耐腐蚀性。
最后,根据本发明所使用的涂层在相继的装配操作期间不会磨损。因此,甚至在几个装配/拆卸循环之后其也可持续保证抗腐蚀行为品质,而不需要补充的抗腐蚀保护。另外,其高耐磨性意味着不产生在拆卸时可观察到的碎片或灰尘。
本发明还涉及用于制备如上所限定的连接元件的方法,其中通过自动催化沉积来沉积主层和任选的另外层。
可通过自动催化沉积在连接元件上沉积根据本发明所使用的由镍-磷合金构成的主层。在NF标准ENISO4527中以及在LouisLACOURCELLE-Nickelagechimique[Chemicalnickeling],Techniquesdel'Ingénieur,Metallicmaterialsessay的文献中描述了镍-磷合金的自动催化沉积物。
MACDERMID公司推荐了镍-磷合金的自动催化沉积物:商品名NiKladTMELV。
可通过自动催化沉积来获得根据本发明任选使用的由包含一种或多种润滑剂化合物的颗粒的镍-磷合金构成的另外层。
MACDERMID公司推荐了包含聚四氟乙烯颗粒的镍-磷合金的自动催化沉积物:商品名NiKladTMICEULTRA。
可使用包含以下步骤的自动催化方法进行根据本发明所使用的主层和根据本发明使用的可能的另外层的沉积:
●清洁连接元件的表面;可通过碱性脱脂、随后冲洗、然后电解脱脂、随后冲洗、然后酸剥离、随后冲洗来进行清洁;然后
●沉积镍-磷,随后将表面去钝化,然后任选沉积补充有润滑剂化合物的颗粒的镍-磷,随后冲洗;然后
●烘箱干燥,例如在70℃级别的温度下;然后
●在氧化性气氛中的脱气处理,通常在220℃下持续2小时。
根据第一实施方案,该方法还可包括在优选处于250℃至300℃范围内的温度下例如持续3至5小时的时间的后热处理。
这种后热处理允许增加涂层的硬度并且因此增加螺纹的硬度,以及改进抗擦伤性能,然而不劣化腐蚀防护性能。
根据第二实施方案,该方法还可包括在优选处于300℃至600℃范围内的温度下进行例如3至5小时的时间的后热处理步骤。在这种情况下,涂层的硬度显著增加,例如从该方法不包含该后热处理步骤时的500Hk到当其包含该步骤时的800Hk,但是腐蚀防护性能劣化。
在参考附图做出的以下描述中更详细地公开了本发明的一些特征。
图1是由通过装配来连接两个管状部件所得的连接体的图示。
图2是图1的A框中的区域的放大视图。
图3是两个连接的管状部件的螺纹之间的配合的详细视图。
图4是本发明的覆盖有涂层的连接元件(螺纹)的详细视图。
图1中示出的螺纹连接体包含具有旋转轴9的第一管状部件和具有旋转轴9的第二管状部件,其中第一管状部件设有阳端部1并且第二管状部件设有阴端部2。两个端部1和2的每个端部在相对于螺纹连接体的轴9径向取向的终端表面中终止,并且分别设有螺纹部分3和4,其配合在一起用于通过两个部件的装配来相互连接。螺纹部分3和4可以具有梯形或其它螺纹类型。在所示的实例中,螺纹部分具有在螺纹部分的各自端部的尾扣(vanishing)轮廓的螺纹。这些尾扣轮廓在螺纹部分的轴向部分上延伸。特别地,具有尾扣轮廓10的螺纹部分的一部分不与互补螺纹配合。
另外,如可从图2中看出的,旨在通过装配来连接两个螺纹部件之后成为一个抵靠另一个的过盈密封接触的金属/金属密封表面(支撑面)5、6分别设在接近螺纹部分3、4的阳端部和阴端部上。最后,阳端部1在终端表面7中终止,当将两个端部彼此装配时,该终端表面7邻接设在阴端部2上的相应表面8。表面7和8称作邻接肩部。
图3显示了螺纹部分的螺纹的细节。每个螺纹因此包含载荷侧面11,其相对于连接轴10的法向N形成-5°至+5°的角度12。载荷侧面通过脊部13与对扣(stabbing)侧面14连接。特别地,所示的连接使得在连接体的最终位置中,阳螺纹部分3的载荷侧面与阴螺纹部分4的相应的载荷侧面接触。
图4显示了管状部件的阳端部1,其中螺纹部分3和密封表面5(支撑面)覆盖有如上所限定的涂层15。
实施例
在L80级碳钢螺纹上制备金属性涂层,该涂层具有包含11重量%磷的镍-磷合金的主层和以相对于合金体积计的25体积%的量包含聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)颗粒的镍-磷合金的另外层。
使用MACDERMID公司推荐的商品名NiKladTMELV的自动催化方法来沉积主层。
使用MACDERMID公司推荐的商品名NiKladTMICEULTRA的自动催化方法来沉积另外层。
镍-磷主层为29μm厚。镍-磷-PTFE另外层为7.4μm厚。
获得的金属性复合沉积物在10g下具有至少550Hk的硬度。
该金属性复合沉积物具有非常好的耐腐蚀性。
在归类为最高至C5的等级(参见根据ISO标准9223的“腐蚀性分类”)中的级别4(高)的海洋工业暴露位置(Dunkirk港口)在岸边进行测试。
在具有保护体的情况下在Dunkirk暴露12个月后,没有观察到锈蚀迹象。
在没有保护体的情况下在Dunkirk暴露12个月后,观察到少数几个腐蚀点(对于锈蚀程度的欧洲等级中的Re1,ISO4628-3)。
在具有保护体的情况下在暴露24个月后,没有观察到锈蚀迹象。
在刮擦测试型测试期间金属性复合沉积物没有损坏,在该测试中其经受由直径为5mm的碳化钨球提供的从10N到300N的增加的载荷。与其它金属性沉积物(Cu-Sn-Zn合金类型)相比,该沉积物没有开裂;没有观察到涂层的分离或分层。
该金属性复合沉积物具有优异的抗擦伤性能。
实验室测试(具有恒定的785N载荷的Veeblock测试,该载荷等价于500-600MPa的接触压力,在螺纹处在连接体的装配期间发生的接触压力特性)在补充有PTFE的镍-磷的使用期间表现出与三元Cu-Sn-Zn合金的金属性沉积物相比高度渐进的磨损。
获得了与采用API油脂所获得的那些非常相似的装配曲线:高度规则的斜率(无高低不平),在斜率上具有清楚可辨别的变化。
根据ISO标准9227的腐蚀测试(在人工气氛中的腐蚀测试或盐雾测试)在对应于上述的实例的样品(以样品标记“D”表示)上进行并且与具有各种厚度的构成层的样品对比。所有的样品为L80级碳钢螺纹元件,其覆盖有包含11重量%磷的镍-磷合金的主层和以相对于合金体积的25体积%的量包含聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)的颗粒的镍-磷合金的任选的另外层。
所有这些样品暴露于中性喷雾测试(NSS)持续至少1000小时,根据ISO标准9227给出结果,基于具有从Re0到Re9的锈蚀级别的欧洲等级;级别Re0对应于0%锈蚀的表面;Re3对应于1%锈蚀的表面;Re5对应于8%锈蚀的表面;Re6对应于40%-50%锈蚀的表面。
具有包含厚度在25μm至30μm范围内的镍-磷合金的主层和包含PTFE润滑剂的颗粒的镍磷的另外层的涂层的样品D表现出对腐蚀的优异行为。
Claims (21)
1.用于管状部件的连接元件,其特征在于该连接元件覆盖有涂层,该涂层包含由镍-磷合金构成的主层。
2.根据权利要求1的连接元件,其特征在于磷占该镍-磷合金的总重量的5重量%至13重量%、优选8重量%至13重量%、更优选10重量%至12重量%、甚至更优选10.5重量%至11.5重量%。
3.根据权利要求1或2的连接元件,其特征在于由镍-磷合金构成的所述主层的厚度处于5至10μm的范围内。
4.根据权利要求1或2的连接元件,其特征在于由镍-磷合金构成的所述主层的厚度处于15至35μm、优选20至35μm、更优选25至30μm的范围内。
5.根据前述权利要求任一项的连接元件,其特征在于该涂层还包含由包含一种或多种固体润滑剂化合物的颗粒的镍-磷合金构成的另外层,所述另外层置于所述主层上。
6.根据权利要求5的连接元件,其特征在于该一种或多种固体润滑剂化合物的颗粒选自聚四氟乙烯、滑石、云母、氮化硼、碳化硅、碳化钨、硫化钨、硫化钼及其混合物的颗粒。
7.根据权利要求5或6的连接元件,其特征在于包含一种或多种固体润滑剂化合物的颗粒的该镍-磷合金的磷占包含一种或多种固体润滑剂化合物的颗粒的该镍-磷合金的总重量的5重量%至13重量%、优选8重量%至13重量%、更优选10重量%至12重量%。
8.根据权利要求5至7任一项的连接元件,其特征在于该一种或多种固体润滑剂化合物的颗粒占20体积%至35体积%、优选25体积%至30体积%,相对于包含一种或多种固体润滑剂化合物的颗粒的该镍-磷合金的总体积计。
9.根据权利要求5至8任一项的连接元件,其特征在于由包含一种或多种固体润滑剂化合物的颗粒的镍-磷合金构成的所述另外层的厚度处于3至13μm、优选5至10μm的范围内。
10.根据前述权利要求任一项的连接元件,其特征在于该涂层包含润滑剂层,该润滑剂层置于所述主层上,或者当该涂层包含所述另外层时,该润滑剂层置于所述另外层上。
11.根据权利要求10的连接元件,其特征在于该润滑剂层选自油脂、半固体润滑剂层或包含处于树脂中的一种或多种固体润滑剂颗粒的固体干润滑剂层。
12.根据前述权利要求任一项的连接元件,其特征在于该连接元件为螺纹。
13.根据前述权利要求任一项的连接元件,其特征在于该连接元件为密封表面。
14.根据前述权利要求任一项的连接元件,其特征在于该连接元件为邻接肩部。
15.管状部件,其包含如前述权利要求任一项所限定的一个或多个连接元件。
16.根据权利要求15的管状部件,其特征在于该管状元件包含如权利要求12所限定的螺纹。
17.根据权利要求15或16的管状部件,其特征在于该管状部件包含如权利要求13所限定的密封表面。
18.根据权利要求15、16或17的管状部件,其特征在于该管状部件包含如权利要求14所限定的邻接肩部。
19.用于获得如权利要求1至14任一项所限定的连接元件的方法,其特征在于通过自动催化沉积来沉积该主层和任选的另外层。
20.根据权利要求19的方法,其特征在于该方法包括在处于250℃至300℃范围内的温度下的后处理步骤。
21.根据权利要求19的方法,其特征在于该方法包括在处于300℃至600℃范围内的温度下的后处理步骤。
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Publication number | Publication date |
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UA119245C2 (uk) | 2019-05-27 |
BR112016007150A2 (pt) | 2017-08-01 |
US20160208562A1 (en) | 2016-07-21 |
AR097884A1 (es) | 2016-04-20 |
PL3052587T3 (pl) | 2021-08-02 |
US10526851B2 (en) | 2020-01-07 |
BR112016007150B1 (pt) | 2021-11-30 |
EP3052587B1 (en) | 2021-02-17 |
AU2014331297B2 (en) | 2017-12-21 |
CA2924525C (en) | 2022-09-27 |
JP2016540112A (ja) | 2016-12-22 |
WO2015049097A1 (en) | 2015-04-09 |
JP6765301B2 (ja) | 2020-10-07 |
CA2924525A1 (en) | 2015-04-09 |
FR3011308A1 (fr) | 2015-04-03 |
EA201690509A1 (ru) | 2016-06-30 |
EA035716B1 (ru) | 2020-07-29 |
AU2014331297A1 (en) | 2016-03-24 |
EP3052587A1 (en) | 2016-08-10 |
MX2016004273A (es) | 2016-07-08 |
FR3011308B1 (fr) | 2017-01-13 |
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Address after: French aulnois aimeries Applicant after: VALLOUREC MANNESMANN OIL & GAS FRANCE Applicant after: Nippon Iron & Steel Corporation Address before: French aulnois aimeries Applicant before: VALLOUREC MANNESMANN OIL & GAS FRANCE Applicant before: Nippon Steel Corporation |
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