CN1055732C

CN1055732C - Copper-base powder alloy material for electric contact

Info

Publication number: CN1055732C
Application number: CN96115149A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 潘东林; 阚瑞清; 阚洁清
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1996-03-12
Filing date: 1996-03-12
Publication date: 2000-08-23
Anticipated expiration: 2016-03-12
Also published as: CN1159485A

Abstract

The present invention provides a copper-base powder alloy material for electric contacts, which is characterized in that a proper quantity of high melting point and high hardness crystal micropowders are fixed into a copper alloy; accordingly, an electric conduction mechanism of an electrical contact surface is changed. The electric contacts made from the material can be widely used for low-voltage electrical apparatuses, such as various AC & DC contactors, relays, air switch es, etc. The measured electric contact temperature rise is identical to that of a silver alloy electrical contact, the electric contacts made from the material has the advantages over the silver alloy electrical contact in fusion welding resistance, arc extinguishing index, resistance capability of electric arc burning and electrical durability. The electric contacts made from the material is a cheap substitute of the silver alloy electrical contact.

Description

Copper-base powder alloy material for electric contact

The present invention proposes a kind of copper-base powder alloy material for electric contact of low-cost dominance energy.

Present conventional electrical contact prolongs always uses Pd-Ag substrate alloy material, and in recent years, for reducing the consumption of silver metal, people constantly seek the technological approaches of replacing silver with copper.As everyone knows, copper metallic face easily generates cupric oxide, for the good copper cadmium alloy of antioxidant property, its outside surface still unavoidably generates oxide film, particularly electrically contacting the easier generation oxidation in interface, make its contact resistance increasing and produce too high conduction temperature rise, thereby be not useable for electrical contact material.Both made and in copper alloy, added the generation that some anti-oxidant modifying element (for example graphite carbon element) can not be eliminated the interface oxidation film again.Present existing copper-graphite alloy electrical contact, the dysoxidation because of existence electrically contacts can only be used for the weak current pilot circuit, and can not promote the use of widely.In view of this, the imagination of trying hard to eliminate fully with static modification mode the interface oxidation film is a kind of infeasible technological line.

The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of dynamic modification mode, take the initiative and capture the technological line that electrically contacts the interfacial conductive obstacle, in alloy body, sneak into an amount of modification medium, utilization electrically contacts the self-energy of moment, change the conductive mechanism that electrically contacts the interface, thereby reduce contact resistance significantly, improve electrical contact performance, make known conventional copper alloy be transformed into electrical contact material with good electric contact performance.

Above-mentioned modification medium is the crystal fine particle lapping powder that adopts high-melting-point, high rigidity: norbide (B ₄C) micro mist, diamond (C) micro mist.

The mechanism of action of sneaking into above-mentioned modification medium in conventional copper alloy is described as follows: the Cu alloy material of sneaking into the modification medium in right amount, the variation of matter has all taken place in its physicals and electrical property, because the modification medium that mixes is a high-melting-point, the high rigidity crystal fine particle, it has not only improved alloy surface hardness and anti-electrical arc erosion ability, more crucial is to have changed the conductive mechanism that electrically contacts the interface, hard particles is uniformly distributed in alloy surface, when the sound interface of electrical contact is in contact with one another, because the existence of mechanical pressure, the feasible hard crystal fine particle that is distributed on the interface pierces through the metal oxide film on the corresponding interface mutually, thereby destroyed the electrical isolation obstacle, make electric current pass through swimmingly, thrust corresponding contact surface because hard particles is interlaced, make that electrically contacting the interface presents the curved surface contact that convex-concave is coincide, become conventional electrical contact planar point contact form into curved surface matching surface contact form, increased the current lead-through cross section relatively, reduced contact resistance effectively.Alloying element (for example cadmium element) has anti-melting welding, suppresses effects such as surface oxidation and reductive copper oxide electrically contacting moment in addition, modification medium as carbide, in the effect that is also produced reductive copper oxide by the moment of high arc temperature decomposition combustion, based on above-mentioned complementary modified condition, make the copper alloy that contains the modification medium become the electrical contact material of high comprehensive performance.

Manufacture method about the Cu-base powder alloy contact material is briefly described below: join powder → sealing by weighing and puddle → compression moulding → anaerobic sintering → technological processs such as pressure-sizing shaping → double sintering, make the stock shapes or the contact goods of electrical contact.Stock shapes is a first product, can supply the reprocessing of professional production line or factory: extrude → cut off moulding → technical process such as punching press finishing by hot pressing, make the electrical contact goods of all kinds of different sizes.

Embodiment is as follows about the material component proportioning:

Basal component content (weight %) is: norbide 0.2～4.0%, and diamond 0～0.4%, surplus is known copper cadmium alloy.Material fundamental property: 1, density: 8.4 (g/cm ³); 2, hardness: 40～60 (HB); 3, body resistivity: 2.40 μ Ω cm.

The electrical contact made from this Albatra metal-, compare with existing copper-graphite alloy electrical contact, owing to electrically contact the electrical conduction mechanism difference at interface, contact resistance and conduction temperature rise, arc extinguishing ability and the performance difference of anti-the scaling loss are very big, the copper-graphite alloy electrical contact only can be used for the trip switch of the little load of weak current, the copper base alloy electric contact that this patent proposes then can not only be used for little load control switch, and can be used for the heavy duty power switch of big electric current, material cost is only slightly high than existing copper-graphite alloy electrical contact, the silver alloys electrical contact suitable with over-all properties compared, surplus material cost reduces by ten times, obviously, the Technological Economy of this patent is worth considerable.

This kind copper base alloy electric contact can be widely used in the low-voltage apparatuses such as all kinds of AC/DC contactors, rly. and air switch, it is suitable with the silver alloys electrical contact that its actual measurement electrically contacts temperature rise, resistance fusion welding energy, arc extinguishing index, anti-electric-arc ablation ability and working life all are better than the silver alloys electrical contact, are the cheaper alternative of silver alloys electrical contact.

Claims

A kind of copper-base powder alloy material for electric contact, its characteristic are that basal component content (weight %) is: boron carbide micro powder (B ₄C) 0.2～4%, diadust (C) 0～0.4%, surplus is known copper cadmium alloy.