CN105567277A - System and method for pyrolysis of oil shale - Google Patents
System and method for pyrolysis of oil shale Download PDFInfo
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- CN105567277A CN105567277A CN201610069201.6A CN201610069201A CN105567277A CN 105567277 A CN105567277 A CN 105567277A CN 201610069201 A CN201610069201 A CN 201610069201A CN 105567277 A CN105567277 A CN 105567277A
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- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 263
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 239000004058 oil shale Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 309
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 234
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 126
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003079 shale oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 25
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 5
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011112 process operation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000026676 system process Effects 0.000 description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
- C10G1/002—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal in combination with oil conversion- or refining processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B47/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion
- C10B47/18—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion with moving charge
- C10B47/20—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion with moving charge according to the moving bed type
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B47/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion
- C10B47/28—Other processes
- C10B47/32—Other processes in ovens with mechanical conveying means
- C10B47/44—Other processes in ovens with mechanical conveying means with conveyor-screws
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/06—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of oil shale and/or or bituminous rocks
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
- C10B57/08—Non-mechanical pretreatment of the charge, e.g. desulfurization
- C10B57/10—Drying
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
- C10G2400/02—Gasoline
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
- C10G2400/04—Diesel oil
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
- C10G2400/26—Fuel gas
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a system and method for pyrolysis of oil shale. The system comprises a moving bed pyrolysis reactor, a fractionating tower, heat accumulating type radiant tubes and an oil and gas output pipeline, wherein the moving bed pyrolysis reactor comprises an oil shale inlet, a pyrolysis oil and gas outlet and a semi-coke outlet; the oil shale inlet is located in the top of the reactor; the pyrolysis oil and gas outlet is located in the top wall and/or side wall of the reactor and connected with the fractionating tower; the semi-coke outlet is located in the bottom of the reactor; the heat accumulating type radiant tubes are arranged in multiple layers in the moving bed pyrolysis reactor in the height direction of the reactor, and each layer is provided with multiple heat accumulating type radiant tubes parallel to one another in the horizontal direction; the oil and gas output pipeline is communicated with the pyrolysis oil and gas outlet, and through holes are formed in the pipe wall of the oil and gas output pipeline. The system can effectively suppress secondary cracking of oil and gas and increase the shale oil yield; moreover, thermal efficiency of the system is improved, and the process of the system is simplified.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to chemical field, specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of system and method for pyrolysis oil shale.
Background technology
World's oil shale resources are enriched, and amount to 37 national oil shale reserves summations of verifying and are converted into shale oil about more than 4,000 hundred million tons, verify crude oil reserve large, also large than world crude resources more than the world.The resinous shale proven reserve of China are converted into shale oil about more than 400 hundred million tons.Current, for some countries such as China, the crude oil of production can not meet the demand of this country, and must rely on a large amount of imported crude oils.This not only involves the national economic development, is also related to national energy security problem.In the face of petroleum resources in short supply, shale oil industry should be planned and be implemented energetically.
Carbonization furnace can be divided into massive shale gas retort (resinous shale granularity is generally at 8mm or more than 10mm), particle and powder carbonization furnace.Current block carbonization furnace has Fushun stove, three river side's stoves of Shenmu County, Abel Kiviat (Kiviter) stove of Ai Shaniya, Petro Se Kesi (Petrosix) stove of Brazil of China.Oil Shale Particles gas retort has Ge Luote (Galoter) stove of Ai Shaniya and the ATP stove of Australia.China's shale oil output is every year in continuous growth, but the domestic destructive distillation type of furnace can only be used for pyrolysis massive shale and the oily yield of device is lower, small-particle shale is caused to make full use of, resinous shale utilization ratio is not high, and owing to taking gas as thermal barrier, carbonization gas is rushed rare, and condensate recovery system is huge, gas heating value is low, is difficult to further comprehensive utilization.And external ripe Oil Shale Particles retorting technique mostly is solid thermal carriers direct heating raw material, there is complex process operation link too many, the shortcomings such as manufacturing cost is high.In addition, domestic and international oil shale distillation technology is not all provided with the technique deriving oil gas fast, there is the problem of oil gas second pyrolysis, in oil shale pyrolysis process, in some furnaces, local temperature is too high, then a pyrolysis product easily second pyrolysis occurs, and causes shale oil yield on the low side.
Therefore, existing oil shale pyrolysis technology remains to be further improved.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to solve one of technical problem in correlation technique at least to a certain extent.For this reason, one object of the present invention is the system and method proposing a kind of pyrolysis oil shale, and this system can effectively suppress oil gas second pyrolysis, improves shale oil yield, and can improve the thermo-efficiency of system and simplify system process.
In one aspect of the invention, the present invention proposes a kind of system of pyrolysis oil shale.According to embodiments of the invention, this system comprises: moving bed pyrolysis reactor and separation column,
Wherein, described moving bed pyrolysis reactor comprises:
Resinous shale entrance, pyrolysis oil gas vent and semicoke export;
Described resinous shale entrance is positioned at the top of described reactor;
On the roof that described pyrolysis oil gas vent is positioned at described reactor and/or sidewall, and described pyrolysis oil gas vent is connected with described separation column;
Described semicoke outlet is positioned at the bottom of described reactor;
Heat accumulation type radiant tube, the short transverse multilayer of described heat accumulation type radiant tube in the inside of described moving bed pyrolysis reactor along described reactor is arranged, every layer has many heat accumulation type radiant tubes parallel to each other in the horizontal direction; And
Oil gas derives pipeline, and described oil gas derives pipeline and described pyrolysis oil gas outlet, and the tube wall of described oil gas derivation pipeline is provided with through hole.
Thus, the system according to the pyrolysis oil shale of the embodiment of the present invention can effectively suppress oil gas second pyrolysis, improves shale oil yield, and by adopting heat accumulation type radiant tube heating technique, improve the thermo-efficiency of system and simplifying system process.
In some embodiments of the invention, described oil gas is derived pipeline and is arranged along the short transverse multilayer of described reactor, and every layer has many oil gas derivation pipelines parallel to each other in the horizontal direction.Thus, the oil gas that can significantly improve in reactor derives efficiency.
In some embodiments of the invention, described oil gas derives pipeline and described heat accumulation type radiant tube is arranged in parallel, and the described heat accumulation type radiant tube left and right sides is separately symmetrically arranged with two oil gas derivation pipelines.Thus, the oil gas that can improve further in reactor derives efficiency.
In some embodiments of the invention, described oil gas derives pipeline with the spacing of the tube wall of contiguous described heat accumulation type radiant tube is that described oil gas derives the 1/2-3 of pipe diameter d doubly.Thus, the oil gas that can improve further in reactor derives efficiency.
In some embodiments of the invention, the tube wall that described oil gas derives pipeline is provided with multiple through hole.Thus, the oil gas that can improve further in reactor derives efficiency.
In some embodiments of the invention, described through hole is uniformly distributed on the length direction of described oil gas derivation pipeline.Thus, the oil gas that can improve further in reactor derives efficiency.
In some embodiments of the invention, the both sides tube wall of described heat accumulation type radiant tube is respectively arranged with baffle plate, described baffle plate is positioned at the top that described oil gas derives pipeline, and covers the whole vertical projection that described oil gas derives pipeline.Thus, not only effectively can prevent oil gas from deriving the blocking of pipeline, and the resinous shale of whereabouts can be broken up, thus improve oil shale pyrolysis efficiency.
In some embodiments of the invention, described baffle plate is starting point from the phase tangent line of the vertical tangent plane of the tube wall of described heat accumulation type radiant tube, extends downward the vertical tangent plane that described oil gas derives pipeline at an angle.
In some embodiments of the invention, the angle ranging from 40-90 degree, not containing 90 degree.
In some embodiments of the invention, oil gas described in same layer is derived pipeline and is communicated to same described pyrolysis oil gas vent.
In some embodiments of the invention, the oil gas of adjacent two layers or more layer is derived pipeline and is connected to same pyrolysis oil gas vent.
In some embodiments of the invention, described oil gas derives pipeline by effuser and described pyrolysis oil gas outlet.
In some embodiments of the invention, oil gas described in same layer is derived pipeline and is communicated to same described pyrolysis oil gas vent by same described effuser.
In some embodiments of the invention, the oil gas of adjacent two layers or more layer is derived pipeline and is communicated to same described pyrolysis oil gas vent by effuser described in two or more roots, and the number of plies of described oil gas delivery line is identical with the radical of described effuser.
In some embodiments of the invention, heat accumulation type radiant tube parallel to each other is in the horizontal direction uniformly distributed.
In some embodiments of the invention, the heat accumulation type radiant tube arranged along the short transverse of described reactor is parallel to each other and be staggeredly arranged.
In some embodiments of the invention, the system of described pyrolysis oil shale comprises further: feed screw, and described feed screw has feeding entrance and feeding outlet, and described feeding entrance exports with described semicoke and is connected; Vapourizing furnace, described vapourizing furnace has semicoke import and fuel gas outlet, and described material inlet exports with described feeding and is connected, and described fuel gas outlet is connected with the fuel gas inlet of described heat accumulation type radiant tube.Thus, gasified by the pyrolysis product semicoke that internal system is obtained, and the fuel gas that obtains of gasifying is supplied to heat accumulation type radiant tube uses as fuel, can significantly reduce the dependence that outside is refueled.
In some embodiments of the invention, the system of described pyrolysis oil shale comprises further: resinous shale hopper, and described resinous shale hopper has resinous shale outlet; Pneumatic dryer, described pneumatic dryer has smoke inlet and mixture outlet, and described smoke inlet is connected with the exhanst gas outlet on described heat accumulation type radiant tube, and described resinous shale opening for feed exports with described resinous shale and is connected; Dry cyclonic separator, described dry cyclonic separator has mixture entrance, offgas outlet and solid matter outlet, and described mixture entrance exports with described mixture and is connected; Pyrolysis hopper, described pyrolysis hopper has treats pyrolysis material inlet and treat pyrolysis material outlet, described in treat that pyrolysis material inlet is connected with described solid matter outlet; And screw feeder, described screw feeder has opening for feed and discharge port, and with described, described opening for feed treats that pyrolysis material outlet is connected, described discharge port is connected with described resinous shale entrance.Thus, when making resinous shale enter stove, moisture is little, and heat dissipation is few, thus can improve the pyrolysis efficiency of resinous shale further.
In some embodiments of the invention, the system of described pyrolysis oil shale comprises further: tail gas induced draft fan, and described tail gas induced draft fan has gas approach and smoke outlet, and described gas approach is connected with described offgas outlet; Exhaust gas cleaner, described exhaust gas cleaner has into mouth and clean gas outlet, described in enter mouth and be connected with described smoke outlet; And chimney, described chimney has purified gas entrance, and described purified gas entrance is connected with described clean gas outlet.Thus, significantly environmental pollution can be reduced.
In some embodiments of the invention, the system of described pyrolysis oil shale comprises further: pyrolysis cyclonic separator, described pyrolysis cyclonic separator has oil and gas import, solid particulate outlet and purification oil gas vent, described oil and gas import is connected with described pyrolysis oil gas vent, and described solid particulate outlet is connected with described feeding entrance; Strainer, described strainer has filter oil gas entrance and oil gas vent after filtering, and described filtration oil gas entrance is connected with described purification oil gas vent, and after described filtration, oil gas vent is connected with described separation column; First combustion gas induced draft fan, described first combustion gas blower fan has the first fuel gas inlet and the first gas outlet, and described first fuel gas inlet is connected with described separation column; Fuel cartridge, described fuel cartridge has the first fuel gas inlet and storage tank gas outlet, and described first fuel gas inlet is connected with described first gas outlet; And the second combustion gas induced draft fan, described second combustion gas induced draft fan has the second fuel gas inlet and the second gas outlet, and described second fuel gas inlet is connected with described storage tank gas outlet, and described second gas outlet is connected with the fuel gas inlet of described heat accumulation type radiant tube.Thus, by being supplied to heat accumulation type radiant tube using being separated the combustible gas obtained in separation column as fuel, the dependence that outside is refueled can be reduced further.
In some embodiments of the invention, every layer of described heat accumulation type radiant tube comprises multiple parallel and equally distributed heat accumulation type radiant tube and each described heat accumulation type radiant tube is parallel with each heat accumulation type radiant tube in adjacent upper and lower two-layer heat accumulation type radiant tube.Thus, resinous shale enters reactor and can be undertaken uniform by radiator tube, has ensured the homogeneous heating of resinous shale at reactor, thus improves the pyrolysis efficiency of resinous shale further.
In some embodiments of the invention, the height of described reactor body is 3 ~ 20m, the caliber of described heat accumulation type radiant tube is 100 ~ 500mm, horizontal throw between adjacent described heat accumulation type radiant tube outer wall is 200 ~ 500mm, and the vertical distance between adjacent described heat accumulation type radiant tube outer wall is 200 ~ 700mm.Thus, the oil shale pyrolysis residence time can be ensured, thus improve the pyrolysis efficiency of resinous shale further.
In another aspect of the present invention, the present invention proposes a kind of method of pyrolysis oil shale.According to embodiments of the invention, the method adopts the system of pyrolysis oil shale described above to carry out.According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the method comprises:
Resinous shale is supplied in described moving bed pyrolysis reactor and carries out pyrolysis processing, to obtain semicoke and pyrolysis oil gas;
Described pyrolysis oil gas is supplied in described separation column and carries out fractionation process, to obtain gasoline, diesel oil, heavy oil and combustible gas.
Thus, the method according to the pyrolysis oil shale of the embodiment of the present invention can effectively suppress oil gas second pyrolysis, improves shale oil yield, and by adopting heat accumulation type radiant tube heating technique, improve the thermo-efficiency of system and simplifying system process.
In some embodiments of the invention, the method for described pyrolysis oil shale comprises further: described semicoke is supplied to described vapourizing furnace through described feed screw and carries out gasification process, to obtain fuel gas; Described fuel gas is supplied to described heat accumulation type radiant tube use as fuel.Thus, gasified by the pyrolysis product semicoke that internal system is obtained, and the fuel gas that obtains of gasifying is supplied to heat accumulation type radiant tube uses as fuel, can significantly reduce the dependence that outside is refueled.
In some embodiments of the invention, described semicoke is delivered to vapourizing furnace through feed screw and carries out gasification process, to obtain fuel gas; Described fuel gas is delivered to described heat accumulation type radiant tube use as fuel.Thus, gasified by the pyrolysis product semicoke that internal system is obtained, and the fuel gas that obtains of gasifying is supplied to heat accumulation type radiant tube uses as fuel, can significantly reduce the dependence that outside is refueled.
In some embodiments of the invention, the particle diameter of described resinous shale is lower than 20mm, and the pyrolytic reaction time of described resinous shale is 10 ~ 40 minutes.Thus, the pyrolysis efficiency of resinous shale can be improved further.
Additional aspect of the present invention and advantage will part provide in the following description, and part will become obvious from the following description, or be recognized by practice of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Above-mentioned and/or additional aspect of the present invention and advantage will become obvious and easy understand from accompanying drawing below combining to the description of embodiment, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the system architecture schematic diagram of pyrolysis oil shale according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the part-structure schematic diagram of the moving bed pyrolysis reactor in the system of pyrolysis oil shale according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the system architecture schematic diagram of the pyrolysis oil shale according to another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the system architecture schematic diagram of the pyrolysis oil shale according to another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the system architecture schematic diagram of the pyrolysis oil shale according to another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the system architecture schematic diagram of the pyrolysis oil shale according to another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the method flow schematic diagram of pyrolysis oil shale according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 8 is the method flow schematic diagram of the pyrolysis oil shale according to another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the method flow schematic diagram of the pyrolysis oil shale according to another embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 10 is the method flow schematic diagram of the pyrolysis oil shale according to another embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 11 is the method flow schematic diagram of the pyrolysis oil shale according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Be described below in detail embodiments of the invention, the example of described embodiment is shown in the drawings, and wherein same or similar label represents same or similar element or has element that is identical or similar functions from start to finish.Be exemplary below by the embodiment be described with reference to the drawings, be intended to for explaining the present invention, and can not limitation of the present invention be interpreted as.
In describing the invention, it will be appreciated that, term " " center ", " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", " length ", " width ", " thickness ", " on ", D score, " front ", " afterwards ", " left side ", " right side ", " vertically ", " level ", " top ", " end ", " interior ", " outward ", " clockwise ", " counterclockwise ", " axis ", " radial direction ", orientation or the position relationship of the instruction such as " circumference " are based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, only the present invention for convenience of description and simplified characterization, instead of indicate or imply that the device of indication or element must have specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore limitation of the present invention can not be interpreted as.
In addition, term " first ", " second " only for describing object, and can not be interpreted as instruction or hint relative importance or imply the quantity indicating indicated technical characteristic.Thus, be limited with " first ", the feature of " second " can express or impliedly comprise at least one this feature.In describing the invention, the implication of " multiple " is at least two, such as two, three etc., unless otherwise expressly limited specifically.
In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the term such as term " installation ", " being connected ", " connection ", " fixing " should be interpreted broadly, and such as, can be fixedly connected with, also can be removably connect, or integral; Can be mechanical connection, also can be electrical connection; Can be directly be connected, also indirectly can be connected by intermediary, can be the connection of two element internals or the interaction relationship of two elements, unless otherwise clear and definite restriction.For the ordinary skill in the art, above-mentioned term concrete meaning in the present invention can be understood as the case may be.
In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, fisrt feature second feature " on " or D score can be that the first and second features directly contact, or the first and second features are by intermediary indirect contact.And, fisrt feature second feature " on ", " top " and " above " but fisrt feature directly over second feature or oblique upper, or only represent that fisrt feature level height is higher than second feature.Fisrt feature second feature " under ", " below " and " below " can be fisrt feature immediately below second feature or tiltedly below, or only represent that fisrt feature level height is less than second feature.
In one aspect of the invention, the present invention proposes a kind of system of pyrolysis oil shale.System below with reference to the pyrolysis oil shale of Fig. 1-6 pairs of embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.According to embodiments of the invention, this system comprises: moving bed pyrolysis reactor 100 and separation column 200.
According to embodiments of the invention, moving bed pyrolysis reactor 100 comprises: resinous shale entrance 101, heat accumulation type radiant tube 11, oil gas derive pipeline 12, pyrolysis oil gas vent 102 and semicoke outlet 103.
According to embodiments of the invention, resinous shale entrance 101 is positioned at the top of reactor, and is suitable for resinous shale to be supplied in reactor.
According to embodiments of the invention, on the roof that pyrolysis oil gas vent 102 can be arranged on reactor and/or sidewall, concrete, pyrolysis oil gas vent 102 can be multiple, and on multiple pyrolysis oil gas vent 102 roof of being separately positioned on reactor and/or sidewall.Contriver finds, gives vent to anger and/or sidewall is given vent to anger the mode combined by adopting roof, the semicoke in pyrolysis oil gas can be made settlement separate, thus significantly reduce the dust content of pyrolysis oil gas.
According to embodiments of the invention, semicoke outlet 103 can be arranged on the bottom of reactor, and is suitable for pyrogenous origin semicoke to discharge reactor.
According to embodiments of the invention, heat accumulation type radiant tube 11 is arranged along the short transverse multilayer of reactor in the inside of moving bed pyrolysis reactor, every layer has many heat accumulation type radiant tubes parallel to each other in the horizontal direction, according to a particular embodiment of the invention, heat accumulation type radiant tube parallel to each other is in the horizontal direction uniformly distributed, preferably, the heat accumulation type radiant tube arranged along the short transverse of reactor is parallel to each other and be staggeredly arranged.According to concrete example of the present invention, the caliber of heat accumulation type radiant tube can be 100 ~ 300mm.Thus, the pyrolysis efficiency of resinous shale can be significantly improved, and then improve pyrolysis oil yield.
According to embodiments of the invention, the horizontal throw between adjacent heat accumulation type radiant tube outer wall is 200 ~ 500mm, and the vertical distance between adjacent heat accumulation type radiant tube outer wall is 200 ~ 700mm.It should be explained that, horizontal throw between adjacent heat accumulation type radiant tube outer wall can be understood as the distance on same layer between heat accumulation type radiant tube outer wall, and the vertical distance between adjacent heat accumulation type radiant tube outer wall can be understood as adjacent upper and lower two interlayers adjacent heat accumulation type radiant tube outer wall between distance.
According to embodiments of the invention, the number of plies of multilayer heat accumulation type radiant tube can be 10-25 layer.Contriver finds, this kind of structural arrangement can make reactor temperature field distribution even, thus can significantly improve the pyrolysis efficiency of resinous shale, and then improves the yield of pyrolysis oil.
According to embodiments of the invention, heat accumulation type radiant tube can be unidirectional regenerative gas heat accumulation type radiant tube, and the heat namely produced by combustion gas by heat accumulation type radiant tube body carries out heat supply in the mode of radiation.According to a particular embodiment of the invention, heat accumulation type radiant tube can be provided with gas control valve (not shown).Thus, the flow passing into the combustion gas of heat accumulation type radiant tube can be regulated to wait the accurate temperature controlling realized pyrolytic process by adjustment gas control valve, thus the pyrolysis efficiency of resinous shale can be significantly improved, and then improve the yield of pyrolysis oil.
Concrete, heat accumulation type radiant tube to extend into from the side of sidewall of reactor in the horizontal direction reactor and runs through reactor, namely heat accumulation type radiant tube to stretch into from the side of sidewall of reactor in the horizontal direction reactor and passes another sidewall of reactor, and sidewall of reactor is all stretched out in the two ends of heat accumulation type radiant tube, wherein, fuel inlet on heat accumulation type radiant tube is positioned at the one end of heat accumulation type radiant tube stretching out reactor, exhanst gas outlet on heat accumulation type radiant tube is positioned at the other end heat accumulation type radiant tube stretching out reactor, or the fuel inlet on heat accumulation type radiant tube and exhanst gas outlet are positioned at the same one end on heat accumulation type radiant tube.The accurate temperature controlling of the realizations such as the flow of the combustion gas of heat accumulation type radiant tube to pyrolytic process is passed into by adjustment, and heat accumulation type radiant tube adopts the combustion system of regularly commutation, the temperature field of single heat accumulation type radiant tube is made to be more or less the same in 30 DEG C, thus ensure the homogeneity of reactor temperature field, such as the adjustment temperature range of the heat accumulation type radiant tube in epimere region in reactor is made to be 500 ~ 800 DEG C by adjusting the flow passing into the combustion gas of heat accumulation type radiant tube, ensure the abundant pyrolysis of resinous shale, the flow being passed into the combustion gas of heat accumulation type radiant tube by adjustment makes the adjustment temperature range of the heat accumulation type radiant tube in hypomere region in reactor be 450 ~ 650 DEG C, thus a heating part does not further have the resinous shale of complete pyrolysis.
According to embodiments of the invention, oil gas is derived pipeline 12 and is communicated with pyrolysis oil gas vent 102, and the tube wall of oil gas derivation pipeline 12 is provided with through hole.Thus, deriving pipeline by arranging oil gas, the pyrolysis oil gas produced being derived fast, thus effectively suppresses oil gas second pyrolysis, improve pyrolysis oil yield in pyrolytic process.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, oil gas is derived pipeline 12 and is arranged along the short transverse multilayer of reactor, and every layer has many oil gas derivation pipelines parallel to each other in the horizontal direction.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, oil gas is derived pipeline 12 and is arranged in parallel with heat accumulation type radiant tube 11, and the left and right sides of heat accumulation type radiant tube 11 is symmetrically arranged with two oil gas derivation pipelines 12.Contriver finds, pipeline is derived by installing oil gas in every root heat accumulation type radiant tube both sides, the oil gas that pyrolysis produces is derived rapidly by deriving pipeline, thus restrained effectively the second pyrolysis of oil gas, and then improve the yield (yield of pyrolysis oil reaches 94% of aluminium rice steamer oil length) of pyrolysis oil, good in economic efficiency.According to concrete example of the present invention, the caliber that oil gas derives pipeline can be 30 ~ 80mm.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figure 2, oil gas derives pipeline with the spacing of the tube wall of contiguous heat accumulation type radiant tube is that oil gas derives the 1/2-3 of pipe diameter d doubly.The pyrolysis oil of generation can be derived thus at once, avoid pyrolysis oil cracking, improve pyrolysis oil productive rate.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the tube wall of oil gas derivation pipeline 12 is provided with multiple through hole, preferably, multiple through hole is derived on the length direction of pipeline 12 at oil gas and is uniformly distributed.Thus can so that pyrolysis oil derives fast.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figure 2, the both sides tube wall of heat accumulation type radiant tube 11 is respectively arranged with baffle plate 13, baffle plate 13 is positioned at the top that oil gas derives pipeline 12, and covers the whole vertical projection that oil gas derives pipeline 12.By arranging baffle plate 13 on the both sides tube wall of heat accumulation type radiant tube 12, can prevent rubbing oil conductance in resinous shale decline process from going out pipeline, and then extend the life-span that oil gas derives pipeline; And baffle plate 13 can also play the drainage to resinous shale, prevent resinous shale to be stuck in heat accumulation type radiant tube and oil gas is derived between pipeline, cause resinous shale to block.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figure 2, baffle plate 13 is starting point from the phase tangent line of the vertical tangent plane A (A1) of the tube wall of heat accumulation type radiant tube 11, α extends downward the vertical tangent plane B (B1) that oil gas derives pipeline 12 at an angle, angle [alpha] is 40-90 degree, not containing 90 degree.The shortest length of baffle plate is made to be can block oil gas to derive pipeline thus.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, same layer oil gas is derived pipeline 12 and is communicated to same pyrolysis oil gas vent 103.Oil gas can be collected thus, Simplified flowsheet also improves pyrolysis oil productive rate, simultaneously can so that oil gas is derived.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the oil gas of adjacent two layers or more layer is derived pipeline and is connected to same pyrolysis oil gas vent.Thus, can Simplified flowsheet further.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figure 1, there is in reactor effuser 14, oil gas is derived pipeline 12 and is communicated with pyrolysis oil gas vent 102 by effuser 14, pyrolysis oil gas in reactor is derived after pipeline is collected by oil gas and is supplied to pyrolysis oil gas vent through effuser, namely effuser 14 is derived pipeline 12 with oil gas respectively and is connected with pyrolysis oil gas vent 102.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, same layer oil gas derives pipeline 12 can be communicated to same pyrolysis oil gas vent 102 by same effuser 14, and namely same layer oil gas derivation pipeline 12 is connected same effuser 14 respectively with same pyrolysis oil gas vent 102.Oil gas can be collected thus, Simplified flowsheet also improves pyrolysis oil productive rate, simultaneously can so that oil gas is derived.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the oil gas of adjacent two layers or more layer derives pipeline 12 can be communicated to same pyrolysis oil gas vent 102 by the effuser 14 of two or more roots, namely the number of plies of oil gas derivation pipeline is identical with the radical of effuser, the oil gas of same layer is derived pipeline and is connected with same pyrolysis oil gas vent by an effuser, and many effusers are finally collected to same pyrolysis oil gas vent, such as shown in Figure 1, the oil gas of middle adjacent two layers is derived pipeline 12 and is communicated to same pyrolysis oil gas vent 102 by two effusers 14.
According to embodiments of the invention, reactor head region can spherically type or taper.
According to embodiments of the invention, the bottom of reactor can be back taper.Thus, pyrogenous origin semicoke can be made to discharge reactor smoothly.
According to embodiments of the invention, the height of reactor can be 3 ~ 20m.Thus, the complete pyrolysis to resinous shale can be realized.
According to embodiments of the invention, separation column 200 has pyrolysis oil gas entrance 201, fuel dispensing outlet 202, diesel oil outlet 203, heavy oil outlet 204 and combustible gas outlet 205, and pyrolysis oil gas entrance 201 is connected with pyrolysis oil gas vent 102, and the pyrolysis oil gas be suitable for thermal storage type moving bed pyrolysis reactor obtains carries out fractionation process, thus gasoline, diesel oil, heavy oil and combustible gas can be obtained.It should be noted that, those skilled in the art can select the condition of fractionation process in separation column according to actual needs.
Thermal source is provided by using many group heat accumulation type radiant tubes for pyrolytic process according to the system of the pyrolysis oil shale of the embodiment of the present invention, the flow that can pass into the combustion gas of heat accumulation type radiant tube by adjustment realizes the accurate temperature controlling to pyrolytic process, and heat accumulation type radiant tube passes through heat storage type combustion, ensure that the homogeneity in temperature field, thus the pyrolysis efficiency of resinous shale can be significantly improved, and then improve the yield of pyrolysis oil, more traditional use gaseous heat-carrier or solid thermal carriers are compared as the pyrolytic reaction device of pyrolysis thermal source simultaneously, moving bed pyrolysis reactor of the present invention does not need to arrange preheating unit and carrier separating unit, thus can greatly simplify pyrolytic reaction technical process, and then significantly reduce device failure rate and in gained pyrolysis oil dust content lower, and funnel temperature is low, secondly the present invention derives pipeline by layout oil gas around heat accumulation type radiant tube, the oil gas that pyrolysis produces can be derived rapidly, thus restrained effectively the second pyrolysis of oil gas, and then improve the yield of pyrolysis oil, additionally by deriving above pipeline at oil gas, baffle plate is set, not only can effectively prevent oil gas from deriving the blocking of pipeline, and the resinous shale of whereabouts can be broken up, make resinous shale dispersed in the reactor, thus improve oil shale pyrolysis efficiency, and by adopting separation column, fractionation process is carried out to pyrolysis oil gas, can be separated and obtain gasoline, diesel oil and combustible gas, thus increase economic efficiency.
Concrete, regulated by the variable valve on adjustment gas pipeline and pass into the accurate temperature controlling of the realizations such as the flow of the combustion gas of unidirectional heat accumulation type radiant tube to pyrolytic process, heat accumulation type radiant tube temperature is made to be 500 ~ 700 DEG C, resinous shale enters in reactor through resinous shale entrance, resinous shale to be evenly scattered in reactor and to be heated to 500 ~ 600 DEG C and pyrolytic reactions occur, the part of the pyrolysis oil gas generated derives pipeline and is collected to pyrolysis oil gas vent through being arranged on oil gas around heat accumulation type radiant tube and is derived that (it is one group that every layer 2-3 oil gas derives pipeline fast, it is that unit pooled together in 2 seconds that the oil gas that pyrolysis produces derives pipeline with group by oil gas), and the pyrolysis oil gas vent of another part through being arranged on reactor top is discharged, and the baffle plate that resinous shale is arranged on oil gas in dropping process derives above pipeline is broken up dispersed in the reactor, the residence time is 10 ~ 40 minutes to material in the reactor, and the pyrolysis oil gas obtained is supplied in separation column through pyrolysis oil gas vent and carries out fractionation process, obtain gasoline, diesel oil, heavy oil and combustible gas.
With reference to figure 3, the system according to the pyrolysis oil shale of the embodiment of the present invention comprises further: feed screw 300 and vapourizing furnace 400.
According to embodiments of the invention, feed screw 300 is arranged on the below of moving bed pyrolysis reactor 100, and feed screw 300 has feeding entrance 301 and feeding outlet 302, and feeding entrance 301 and semicoke export 103 and be connected, and is suitable for transporting the semicoke obtained in moving bed pyrolysis reactor.
According to embodiments of the invention, vapourizing furnace 400 has semicoke import 401 and fuel gas outlet 402, semicoke import 401 and feeding export 302 and are connected, fuel gas outlet 402 is connected with the upper fuel gas inlet (not shown) of heat accumulation type radiant tube, and the semicoke be suitable for moving bed pyrolysis reactor produces is delivered to vapourizing furnace through feed screw and carries out gasification process, thus fuel gas and lime-ash can be obtained, and this fuel gas is delivered to heat accumulation type radiant tube uses as fuel.Thus, gasified by the pyrolysis product semicoke that internal system is obtained, and the fuel gas that obtains of gasifying is supplied to heat accumulation type radiant tube uses as fuel, can significantly reduce the dependence that outside is refueled.
With reference to figure 4, the system according to the pyrolysis oil shale of the embodiment of the present invention comprises further: resinous shale hopper 500, pneumatic dryer 600, dry cyclonic separator 700, pyrolysis hopper 800 and screw feeder 900.
According to embodiments of the invention, resinous shale hopper 500 resinous shale hopper has resinous shale outlet 501, and is suitable for storing resinous shale raw material.It should be noted that, " resinous shale hopper " herein can for any device that may be used for oil in reserve shale existed in prior art.
According to embodiments of the invention, pneumatic dryer 600 has smoke inlet 601, resinous shale opening for feed 602 and mixture outlet 603, smoke inlet 601 is connected with the exhanst gas outlet (not shown) on heat accumulation type radiant tube, resinous shale opening for feed 602 and resinous shale export 501 and are connected, and be suitable for before resinous shale is carried out pyrolytic reaction, adopt the heat smoke in heat accumulation type radiant tube to carry out drying and lifting to resinous shale, obtain containing dry resinous shale and the mixture of tail gas.Concrete, the temperature of the heat smoke obtained in heat accumulation type radiant tube can be 200 ~ 250 DEG C.Thus, not only can make full use of the waste heat of flue gas, system energy consumption is significantly reduced, and effectively can avoid the too high fire safety hidden danger brought of resinous shale temperature.
According to embodiments of the invention, dry cyclonic separator 700 has mixture entrance 701, offgas outlet 702 and solid matter outlet 703, mixture entrance 701 and mixture export 603 and are connected, and the mixture containing dry resinous shale and tail gas being suitable for dry cyclonic separator to obtain carries out separating treatment, thus can dry resinous shale and tail gas (70 ~ 110 DEG C).
According to embodiments of the invention, pyrolysis hopper 800 has to be treated pyrolysis material inlet 801 and treats pyrolysis material outlet 802, treat that pyrolysis material inlet 801 is connected with solid matter outlet 703, and be suitable for that drying cyclonic separator is separated the dry resinous shale obtained and be stored in pyrolysis hopper.
According to embodiments of the invention, screw feeder 900 has opening for feed 901 and discharge port 902, opening for feed 901 with treat that pyrolysis material outlet 802 is connected, discharge port 902 is connected with resinous shale entrance 101, and is suitable for the dry resinous shale stored in pyrolysis hopper to be supplied in moving bed pyrolysis reactor to carry out pyrolysis processing.
With reference to figure 5, the system according to the pyrolysis oil shale of the embodiment of the present invention comprises further: tail gas induced draft fan 1000, exhaust gas cleaner 1100 and chimney 1200.
According to embodiments of the invention, tail gas induced draft fan 1000 has gas approach 1001 and smoke outlet 1002, gas approach 1001 is connected with offgas outlet 702, and is suitable for the tail gas that drying cyclonic separator obtains being supplied to follow-up refining plant 1100 and carries out purifying treatment.
According to embodiments of the invention, exhaust gas cleaner 1100 has into mouth 1101 and clean gas outlet 1102, enters mouth 1101 and is connected with smoke outlet 1002, and is suitable for carrying out purifying treatment to tail gas, thus can be purified tail gas.It should be noted that, those skilled in the art can select the particular type of refining plant according to actual needs.
According to embodiments of the invention, chimney 1200 has purified gas entrance 1201, and purified gas entrance 1201 is connected with clean gas outlet 1102, and is suitable for gained cleaning of off-gas to discharge through chimney.
With reference to figure 6, the system according to the pyrolysis oil shale of the embodiment of the present invention comprises further: pyrolysis cyclonic separator 1300, strainer 1400, first combustion gas induced draft fan 1500, fuel cartridge 1600 and the second combustion gas induced draft fan 1700.
According to embodiments of the invention, pyrolysis cyclonic separator 1300 has oil and gas import 1301, solid particulate outlet 1302 and purification oil gas vent 1303, oil and gas import 1301 is connected with pyrolysis oil gas vent 102, solid particulate outlet 1302 is connected with feeding entrance 301, and be suitable for before the pyrolysis oil gas obtained by moving bed pyrolysis reactor carries out separating treatment in separation column, process at pyrolysis cyclonic separator in advance, and cyclonic separator is separated the semicoke particle transport that obtains to feed screw.Thus, the quality of gained oil product and combustible gas in separation column can be significantly improved.It should be noted that, those skilled in the art can select secondary cyclone to process pyrolysis oil gas according to actual needs.
According to embodiments of the invention, strainer 1400 has filtration oil gas entrance 1401 and oil gas vent 1402 after filtering, filter oil gas entrance 1401 to be connected with purification oil gas vent 1303, after filtering, oil gas vent 1402 is connected with pyrolysis oil gas entrance 201, and the pyrolysis oil gas being suitable for moving bed pyrolysis reactor to obtain processes at pyrolysis cyclonic separator, the purification oil gas that separation obtains is supplied to strainer and carries out filtration treatment, and oil gas after filtration is supplied in separation column.Thus, the quality of gained oil product and combustible gas in separation column can be significantly improved.
According to embodiments of the invention, first combustion gas induced draft fan 1500 has the first fuel gas inlet 1501 and the first gas outlet 1502, first fuel gas inlet 1501 and combustible gas export 205 and are connected, and the combustible gas being suitable for being obtained by separation column is supplied in follow-up fuel cartridge and stores.
According to embodiments of the invention, fuel cartridge 1600 has the first fuel gas inlet 1601 and storage tank gas outlet 1602, first fuel gas inlet 1601 is connected with the first gas outlet 1502, and is suitable for storing the combustible gas obtained in separation column.
According to embodiments of the invention, second fuel induced draft fan 1700 has the second fuel gas inlet 1701 and the second gas outlet 1702, second fuel gas inlet 1701 is connected with storage tank gas outlet 1602, second gas outlet 1702 is connected with the fuel gas inlet (not shown) of heat accumulation type radiant tube, and is suitable for that combustible gas is supplied to heat accumulation type radiant tube and uses as fuel.
As mentioned above, can have according to the system of the pyrolysis oil shale of the embodiment of the present invention and be selected from following advantage one of at least:
System according to the pyrolysis oil shale of the embodiment of the present invention takes heat accumulation type radiant tube moving bed process, and reactive system structure is simple, and easy to operate, uniformity of temperature profile, heats is good.
Can process the Oil Shale Particles of below 20mm according to the system of the pyrolysis oil shale of the embodiment of the present invention, shale utilization ratio is high, is suitable for promoting.
According to the system of the pyrolysis oil shale of the embodiment of the present invention, oil gas is installed around every root heat accumulation type radiant tube and derives pipeline, restrained effectively the second pyrolysis of oil gas, improve shale oil yield, good in economic efficiency.
In second of the present invention, the present invention proposes a kind of method of pyrolysis oil shale.According to embodiments of the invention, the method adopts the system of the pyrolysis oil shale of foregoing description to carry out.Method below with reference to the pyrolysis oil shale of Fig. 7-11 pairs of embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.According to embodiments of the invention, the method comprises:
S100: resinous shale is supplied in moving bed pyrolysis reactor and carries out pyrolysis processing
According to embodiments of the invention, resinous shale is supplied to moving bed pyrolysis reactor from resinous shale entrance, fuel and air are supplied in heat accumulation type radiant tube respectively, fuel is burnt in heat accumulation type radiant tube produce heat to carry out pyrolysis processing to resinous shale radiation heating, thus pyrolysis oil gas and semicoke can be obtained.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the granularity of resinous shale is also not particularly limited, and those skilled in the art can select according to actual needs, and according to a particular embodiment of the invention, the granularity of resinous shale can lower than 20mm.Thus, the unserviceable difficult problem of powdery resinous shale in prior art can be solved.According to still a further embodiment, the pyrolysis time of resinous shale is 10 ~ 40 minutes.
Concrete, the accurate temperature controlling of the realizations such as the flow of the combustion gas of heat accumulation type radiant tube to pyrolytic process can be passed into by adjustment, and heat accumulation type radiant tube adopts the combustion system of regularly commutation, the temperature field of single heat accumulation type radiant tube is made to be more or less the same in 30 DEG C, thus ensure the homogeneity of reactor temperature field, such as the adjustment temperature range of the heat accumulation type radiant tube in epimere region in reactor is made to be 500 ~ 800 DEG C by adjusting the flow passing into the combustion gas of heat accumulation type radiant tube, ensure the abundant pyrolysis of resinous shale, the flow being passed into the combustion gas of heat accumulation type radiant tube by adjustment makes the adjustment temperature range of the heat accumulation type radiant tube in hypomere region in reactor be 450 ~ 650 DEG C, thus a heating part does not further have the resinous shale of complete pyrolysis.
S200: pyrolysis oil gas is supplied in separation column and carries out fractionation process
According to embodiments of the invention, the pyrolysis oil gas obtained is delivered in separation column through pyrolysis oil gas vent and carries out fractionation process, thus gasoline, diesel oil, heavy oil and combustible gas can be obtained in moving bed pyrolysis reactor.It should be noted that, those skilled in the art can select the condition of fractionation process in separation column according to actual needs.
Thermal source is provided by using many group heat accumulation type radiant tubes for pyrolytic process according to the method for the pyrolysis oil shale of the embodiment of the present invention, the flow that can pass into the combustion gas of heat accumulation type radiant tube by adjustment realizes the accurate temperature controlling to pyrolytic process, and heat accumulation type radiant tube passes through heat storage type combustion, ensure that the homogeneity in temperature field, thus the pyrolysis efficiency of resinous shale can be significantly improved, and then improve the yield of pyrolysis oil, more traditional use gaseous heat-carrier or solid thermal carriers are compared as the pyrolytic reaction device of pyrolysis thermal source simultaneously, moving bed pyrolysis reactor of the present invention does not need to arrange preheating unit and carrier separating unit, thus can greatly simplify pyrolytic reaction technical process, and then significantly reduce device failure rate and in gained pyrolysis oil dust content lower, and funnel temperature is low, secondly the present invention derives pipeline by layout oil gas around heat accumulation type radiant tube, the oil gas that pyrolysis produces can be derived rapidly, thus restrained effectively the second pyrolysis of oil gas, and then improve the yield of pyrolysis oil, additionally by deriving above pipeline at oil gas, baffle plate is set, not only can effectively prevent oil gas from deriving the blocking of pipeline, and the resinous shale of whereabouts can be broken up, make resinous shale dispersed in the reactor, thus improve oil shale pyrolysis efficiency, and by adopting separation column, fractionation process is carried out to pyrolysis oil gas, can be separated and obtain gasoline, diesel oil and combustible gas, thus increase economic efficiency.
Concrete, regulated by the variable valve on adjustment gas pipeline and pass into the accurate temperature controlling of the realizations such as the flow of the combustion gas of unidirectional heat accumulation type radiant tube to pyrolytic process, heat accumulation type radiant tube temperature is made to be 500 ~ 700 DEG C, resinous shale enters in reactor through resinous shale entrance, resinous shale to be evenly scattered in reactor and to be heated to 500 ~ 600 DEG C and pyrolytic reactions occur, the part of the pyrolysis oil gas generated derives pipeline and is collected to pyrolysis oil gas vent through being arranged on oil gas around heat accumulation type radiant tube and is derived that (it is one group that every layer 2-3 oil gas derives pipeline fast, it is that unit pooled together in 2 seconds that the oil gas that pyrolysis produces derives pipeline with group by oil gas), and the pyrolysis oil gas vent of another part through being arranged on reactor top is discharged, and the baffle plate that resinous shale is arranged on oil gas in dropping process derives above pipeline is broken up dispersed in the reactor, the residence time is 10 ~ 40 minutes to material in the reactor, and the pyrolysis oil gas obtained is supplied in separation column through pyrolysis oil gas vent and carries out fractionation process, obtain gasoline, diesel oil, heavy oil and combustible gas.
With reference to figure 8, the method according to the pyrolysis oil shale of the embodiment of the present invention comprises further:
S300: semicoke is supplied to vapourizing furnace through feed screw and carries out gasification process, and the fuel gas obtained is supplied to heat accumulation type radiant tube
According to embodiments of the invention, adopt feed screw to be delivered in vapourizing furnace by the semicoke that pyrolysis in moving bed pyrolysis reactor produces and carry out gasification process, thus fuel gas and lime-ash can be obtained, and this fuel gas is delivered to heat accumulation type radiant tube uses as fuel.Thus, gasified by the pyrolysis product semicoke that internal system is obtained, and the fuel gas that obtains of gasifying is supplied to heat accumulation type radiant tube uses as fuel, can significantly reduce the dependence that outside is refueled.
With reference to figure 9, the method according to the pyrolysis oil shale of the embodiment of the present invention comprises further:
S400: adopt the heat smoke in heat accumulation type radiant tube to carry out drying and lifting to resinous shale
According to embodiments of the invention, before just resinous shale is supplied in moving bed pyrolysis reactor and carries out pyrolytic reaction, adopt the heat smoke in heat accumulation type radiant tube to be supplied to pneumatic dryer in advance and drying and lifting are carried out to the resinous shale from resinous shale hopper, obtain containing dry resinous shale and the mixture of tail gas.Concrete, the temperature of the heat smoke obtained in heat accumulation type radiant tube can be 200 ~ 250 DEG C.Thus, not only can make full use of the waste heat of flue gas, system energy consumption is significantly reduced, and effectively can avoid the too high fire safety hidden danger brought of resinous shale temperature.
S500: the mixture containing dry resinous shale and tail gas is delivered to dry cyclonic separator and carries out separating treatment, and be delivered to being separated the dry resinous shale obtained in pyrolysis hopper
According to embodiments of the invention, the mixture containing dry resinous shale and tail gas is delivered to dry cyclonic separator and carries out separating treatment, thus can dry resinous shale and tail gas (70 ~ 110 DEG C).
S600: dry resinous shale is supplied to moving bed pyrolysis reactor through feed screw
According to embodiments of the invention, the dry resinous shale be stored in pyrolysis hopper is supplied in moving bed pyrolysis reactor and carries out pyrolysis processing.Thus, the pyrolysis efficiency of resinous shale can be significantly improved.
With reference to Figure 10, the method according to the pyrolysis oil shale of the embodiment of the present invention comprises further:
S700: tail gas is supplied in refining plant through tail gas induced draft fan and carries out purifying treatment
According to embodiments of the invention, the tail gas that drying cyclonic separator obtains is supplied to refining plant and carries out purifying treatment, thus can tail gas be purified, and obtained cleaning of off-gas is discharged through chimney.It should be noted that, those skilled in the art can select the particular type of refining plant according to actual needs.
With reference to Figure 11, the method according to the pyrolysis oil shale of the embodiment of the present invention comprises further:
S800: before being delivered in separation column by pyrolysis oil gas and carrying out separating treatment, in advance pyrolysis oil gas is supplied to pyrolysis cyclonic separator and strainer
According to embodiments of the invention, before the pyrolysis oil gas obtained by moving bed pyrolysis reactor carries out separating treatment in separation column, process in pyrolysis cyclonic separator and strainer in advance, and cyclonic separator is separated the semicoke particle transport that obtains to feed screw.Thus, the quality of gained oil product and combustible gas in separation column can be significantly improved.It should be noted that, those skilled in the art can select secondary cyclone to process pyrolysis oil gas according to actual needs.
S900: combustible gas is delivered in fuel cartridge through the first combustion gas induced draft fan, and a part for the combustible gas be stored in fuel cartridge is supplied to heat accumulation type radiant tube through the second combustion gas induced draft fan
According to embodiments of the invention, combustible gas fractionation in separation column obtained is delivered in fuel cartridge through the first combustion gas induced draft fan, and a part for the combustible gas be stored in fuel cartridge is supplied to heat accumulation type radiant tube through the second combustion gas induced draft fan uses as fuel.
It should be noted that, the feature and advantage described by the above-mentioned system for pyrolysis oil shale are suitable for the method for this pyrolysis oil shale equally, repeat no more herein.
Below with reference to specific embodiment, present invention is described, it should be noted that, these embodiments are only descriptive, and do not limit the present invention in any way.
Embodiment
Adopt the system of pyrolysis oil shale of Fig. 1-6 to process resinous shale, the basic data of raw material, process operation parameter and material balance are in Table 1-3.
Table 1 resinous shale basic data
Table 2: process operation parameter
| Sequence number | Parameter name | Parameter value | Sequence number | Parameter name | Parameter value |
| 1 | Top radiator tube wall surface temperature | 600℃ | Reactor lower part temperature | 525℃ | |
| 2 | Middle part radiator tube wall surface temperature | 600℃ | Reactor outlet temperature | 509℃ | |
| 3 | Lower radiant tube wall surface temperature | 570℃ | Whirlwind temperature out | 485℃ | |
| 4 | Reactor upper temp | 495℃ | Reactor pressure | 1.9Kpa | |
| 5 | Reactor middle portion temperature | 525℃ |
Table 3: material balance table
As can be seen from Table 3, shale oil yield can up to 95% of aluminium rice steamer oil length, and oily yield is higher.
In the description of this specification sheets, specific features, structure, material or feature that the description of reference term " embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " concrete example " or " some examples " etc. means to describe in conjunction with this embodiment or example are contained at least one embodiment of the present invention or example.In this manual, to the schematic representation of above-mentioned term not must for be identical embodiment or example.And the specific features of description, structure, material or feature can combine in one or more embodiment in office or example in an appropriate manner.In addition, when not conflicting, the feature of the different embodiment described in this specification sheets or example and different embodiment or example can carry out combining and combining by those skilled in the art.
Although illustrate and describe embodiments of the invention above, be understandable that, above-described embodiment is exemplary, can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention, and those of ordinary skill in the art can change above-described embodiment within the scope of the invention, revises, replace and modification.
Claims (10)
1. a system for pyrolysis oil shale, is characterized in that, comprising: moving bed pyrolysis reactor and separation column,
Wherein, described moving bed pyrolysis reactor comprises:
Resinous shale entrance, pyrolysis oil gas vent and semicoke export;
Described resinous shale entrance is positioned at the top of described reactor;
On the roof that described pyrolysis oil gas vent is positioned at described reactor and/or sidewall, and described pyrolysis oil gas vent is connected with described separation column;
Described semicoke outlet is positioned at the bottom of described reactor;
Heat accumulation type radiant tube, the short transverse multilayer of described heat accumulation type radiant tube in the inside of described moving bed pyrolysis reactor along described reactor is arranged, every layer has many heat accumulation type radiant tubes parallel to each other in the horizontal direction; And
Oil gas derives pipeline, and described oil gas derives pipeline and described pyrolysis oil gas outlet, and the tube wall of described oil gas derivation pipeline is provided with through hole.
2. system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described oil gas is derived pipeline and arranged along the short transverse multilayer of described reactor, and every layer has many oil gas derivation pipelines parallel to each other in the horizontal direction,
Optional, described oil gas derives pipeline and described heat accumulation type radiant tube is arranged in parallel, and the described heat accumulation type radiant tube left and right sides is separately symmetrically arranged with two oil gas derivation pipelines,
Optional, it is that described oil gas derives the 1/2-3 of pipe diameter d doubly that described oil gas derives pipeline with the spacing of the tube wall of contiguous described heat accumulation type radiant tube.
3. system according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, the tube wall of described oil gas derivation pipeline is provided with multiple through hole, and preferably, described through hole is derived on the length direction of pipeline at described oil gas and is uniformly distributed.
4. the system according to any one of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that, the both sides tube wall of described heat accumulation type radiant tube is respectively arranged with baffle plate, described baffle plate is positioned at the top that described oil gas derives pipeline, and cover the whole vertical projection that described oil gas derives pipeline
Optional, described baffle plate is starting point from the phase tangent line of the vertical tangent plane of the tube wall of described heat accumulation type radiant tube, extends downward the vertical tangent plane that described oil gas derives pipeline at an angle, preferably the angle ranging from 40-90 degree, not containing 90 degree.
Optional, oil gas described in same layer is derived pipeline and is communicated to same described pyrolysis oil gas vent,
Optional, the oil gas of adjacent two layers or more layer is derived pipeline and is connected to same pyrolysis oil gas vent,
Optional, described oil gas derives pipeline by effuser and described pyrolysis oil gas outlet,
Optional, oil gas described in same layer is derived pipeline and is communicated to same described pyrolysis oil gas vent by same described effuser,
Optional, the oil gas of adjacent two layers or more layer is derived pipeline and is communicated to same described pyrolysis oil gas vent by effuser described in two or more roots,
Optional, heat accumulation type radiant tube parallel to each other is in the horizontal direction uniformly distributed, and preferably, the heat accumulation type radiant tube arranged of the short transverse along described reactor is parallel to each other and be staggeredly arranged.
5. the system according to any one of claim 1-4, is characterized in that, comprises further:
Feed screw, described feed screw has feeding entrance and feeding outlet, and described feeding entrance exports with described semicoke and is connected;
Vapourizing furnace, described vapourizing furnace has semicoke import and fuel gas outlet, and described semicoke import exports with described feeding and is connected, and described fuel gas outlet is connected with the fuel gas inlet of described heat accumulation type radiant tube.
6. system according to claim 5, is characterized in that, comprises further:
Resinous shale hopper, described resinous shale hopper has resinous shale outlet;
Pneumatic dryer, described pneumatic dryer has the outlet of smoke inlet, resinous shale opening for feed and mixture, and described smoke inlet is connected with the exhanst gas outlet on described heat accumulation type radiant tube, and described resinous shale opening for feed exports with described resinous shale and is connected;
Dry cyclonic separator, described dry cyclonic separator has mixture entrance, offgas outlet and solid matter outlet, and described mixture entrance exports with described mixture and is connected;
Pyrolysis hopper, described pyrolysis hopper has treats pyrolysis material inlet and treat pyrolysis material outlet, described in treat that pyrolysis material inlet is connected with described solid matter outlet; And
Screw feeder, described screw feeder has opening for feed and discharge port, and with described, described opening for feed treats that pyrolysis material outlet is connected, described discharge port is connected with described resinous shale entrance,
Optional, described system comprises further:
Tail gas induced draft fan, described tail gas induced draft fan has gas approach and smoke outlet, and described gas approach is connected with described offgas outlet;
Exhaust gas cleaner, described exhaust gas cleaner has into mouth and clean gas outlet, described in enter mouth and be connected with described smoke outlet; And
Chimney, described chimney has purified gas entrance, and described purified gas entrance is connected with described clean gas outlet.
7. the system according to any one of claim 1-6, is characterized in that, comprises further:
Pyrolysis cyclonic separator, described pyrolysis cyclonic separator has oil and gas import, solid particulate outlet and purification oil gas vent, and described oil and gas import is connected with described pyrolysis oil gas vent, and described solid particulate outlet is connected with described feeding entrance;
Strainer, described strainer has filter oil gas entrance and oil gas vent after filtering, and described filtration oil gas entrance is connected with described purification oil gas vent, and after described filtration, oil gas vent is connected with described separation column;
First combustion gas induced draft fan, described first combustion gas blower fan has the first fuel gas inlet and the first gas outlet, and described first fuel gas inlet is connected with described separation column;
Fuel cartridge, described fuel cartridge has the first fuel gas inlet and storage tank gas outlet, and described first fuel gas inlet is connected with described first gas outlet; And
Second combustion gas induced draft fan, described second combustion gas induced draft fan has the second fuel gas inlet and the second gas outlet, and described second fuel gas inlet is connected with described storage tank gas outlet, and described second gas outlet is connected with the fuel gas inlet of described heat accumulation type radiant tube.
8. utilize a method for the system pyrolysis oil shale of the pyrolysis oil shale described in any one of claim 1-7, it is characterized in that, comprising:
Resinous shale is supplied in described moving bed pyrolysis reactor and carries out pyrolysis processing, to obtain semicoke and pyrolysis oil gas;
Described pyrolysis oil gas is supplied in described separation column and carries out fractionation process, to obtain gasoline, diesel oil, heavy oil and combustible gas.
9. method according to claim 8, is characterized in that, comprises further:
Described semicoke is supplied to described vapourizing furnace through described feed screw and carries out gasification process, to obtain fuel gas;
Described fuel gas is supplied to described heat accumulation type radiant tube use as fuel.
10. method according to claim 8, is characterized in that, the particle diameter of described resinous shale is lower than 20mm, and the pyrolytic reaction time of described resinous shale is 10 ~ 40 minutes.
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| CN105885888A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-08-24 | 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 | Self-dedusting pyrolysis and cracking reactor |
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