CN105154119A - Flash pyrolysis reaction device - Google Patents
Flash pyrolysis reaction device Download PDFInfo
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- CN105154119A CN105154119A CN201510624738.XA CN201510624738A CN105154119A CN 105154119 A CN105154119 A CN 105154119A CN 201510624738 A CN201510624738 A CN 201510624738A CN 105154119 A CN105154119 A CN 105154119A
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 238000001722 flash pyrolysis Methods 0.000 title abstract 4
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 119
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 97
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 30
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 26
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 57
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011112 process operation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002679 ablation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010504 bond cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010517 secondary reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a flash pyrolysis reaction device. The flash pyrolysis reaction device comprises a reactor, multiple layers of heat storage type radiant tubes, a distributor, a material inlet, a distribution gas inlet, multiple pyrolysis gas outlets and a semicoke outlet. The reactor comprises a reactor body, and a reaction space is defined in the reactor body and forms a dispersion zone, a pyrolysis zone and a discharge zone from top to bottom. The multiple layers of heat storage type radiant tubes are distributed at intervals in the pyrolysis zone in the height direction of the reactor body, and each layer of heat storage type radiant tubes comprises multiple heat storage type radiant tubes distributed at intervals in the horizontal direction. The material inlet is located in the position, above the distributor, in the dispersion area. The distribution gas inlet is located in the dispersion zone and communicated with the distributor so that materials in the distributor can be conveniently blown out through distribution gas to enter the dispersion zone and then evenly fall into the pyrolysis zone. The multiple pyrolysis gas outlets are formed in the dispersion zone and/or the pyrolysis zone. The semicoke outlet is formed in the discharge zone. The device can significantly increase the tar yield and greatly simplify the flash pyrolysis reaction technological process.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to chemical field, specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of fast pyrogenation reaction unit.
Background technology
Fast pyrogenation can make, containing carbon macromolecule, scission of link reaction occurs rapidly, inhibits secondary pyrolytic reaction and the crosslinking reaction of pyrolysis product, reduces the combustion gas in pyrolytic process and semicoke product, improve tar yield.From economic and social benefit, fast pyrolysis technology is a kind for the treatment of technology be applicable to very much carbonaceous material.
Fast pyrolysis reactor is generally developed as the reactors such as fluidized-bed, moving-bed, rotating bed, and utilize gas or solid thermal carriers to realize temperature field and temperature rise rate requirement, but take the fast pyrolysis reactor of thermal barrier relate to thermal barrier and raw material uniform, mix and react, and it is follow-up to a series of technique such as thermal barrier and reaction being separated of semicoke, the reheating of thermal barrier, conveying, complex process, long flow path, causing trouble rate increases, and have impact on the continuous operation of system.Also there is the ablation bed bioreactor taking indirect heat transfer, utilize the indirect heating of bed body to realize fast pyrogenation, but indirect heat transfer changes heat-transfer effect difference, larger-scale unit exploitation difficulty.
Therefore, existing fast pyrolysis technology is further improved.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to solve one of technical problem in correlation technique at least to a certain extent.For this reason, one object of the present invention is to propose a kind of fast pyrogenation reaction unit, fast pyrogenation reaction unit of the present invention take heat accumulation type radiant tube as heating source and stove is entered to raw material, the layout of radiator tube, pyrolysis product come out of the stove and carry out appropriate design, utilize radiator tube indirect heat transfer, thermal barrier is not had in pyrolytic reaction device, do not need the techniques such as the heating of thermal barrier, separation and reaction, therefore system process is simple, and serviceability is high; Take material to enter stove uniform simultaneously, multilayer layout straggly is carried out to radiator tube, and multilayer pyrolysis gas outlet is set, realize material and evenly enter heating zone, and realize flash heat transfer in heating zone, pyrolysis gas quick collection, overcomes the problem that heat-transfer effect is poor and unit scale is little that indirect heating exists, realizes the fast pyrogenation to carbonaceous organic material.
In one aspect of the invention, the present invention proposes a kind of fast pyrogenation reaction unit, comprising:
Reactor,
Described reactor comprises:
Reactor body, limits reaction compartment in described reactor body, and described reaction compartment forms dispersion area, pyrolysis zone and discharge zone from top to bottom;
Described dispersion area comprises:
Distributor;
Material inlet, described material inlet is positioned at the top of described distributor;
Cloth gas entrance, described cloth gas entrance is connected with described distributor, to adopt cloth gas that the material blowout in described distributor is entered dispersion area, falls into pyrolysis zone equably;
Described pyrolysis zone comprises:
Multilayer heat accumulation type radiant tube, described multilayer heat accumulation type radiant tube is spaced apart along described reactor body short transverse in described pyrolysis zone, and every layer of described heat accumulation type radiant tube comprises multiple heat accumulation type radiant tube spaced apart in the horizontal direction;
Described discharge zone comprises: semicoke exports;
Multiple pyrolysis gas outlet, described multiple pyrolysis gas outlet is separately positioned on described dispersion area and/or described pyrolysis zone.
In fast pyrogenation reaction unit of the present invention, heat accumulation type radiant tube is arranged in the mode of multilayer.Two adjacent heat accumulation type radiant tubes in the horizontal direction with vertical direction on certain spaced apart.
temperature field
According to one embodiment of present invention, multilayer heat accumulation type radiant tube is used for providing thermal source, makes to form one or more temperature field in pyrolysis zone, and the temperature in each temperature field is uniform, thus, in pyrolysis zone formation temperature gradient.
Such as, in one embodiment of the invention, described pyrolysis zone forms preheating section, fast pyrogenation section and complete pyrolysis section from top to bottom.(that is, defining 3 temperature fields)
The number in temperature field and thermograde can be arranged as required.Such as, the heat accumulation type radiant tube temperature of preheating section is 550 ~ 900 DEG C, and the heat accumulation type radiant tube temperature of fast pyrogenation section is 500 ~ 800 DEG C, and the heat accumulation type radiant tube temperature of complete pyrolysis section is 500 ~ 800 DEG C.
The temperature in temperature field regulates by various ways, such as, and the number of adjustment heat accumulation type radiant tube in the horizontal direction and/or on vertical direction; The number of plies of heat accumulation type radiant tube; Heat accumulation type radiant tube spacing each other (vertical direction and/or horizontal direction); The temperature of each heat accumulation type radiant tube itself; Etc..
In one embodiment of the invention, heat accumulation type radiant tube being provided with gas control valve, for adjusting the flow of the combustion gas passing into heat accumulation type radiant tube, thus accurately can controlling the temperature of heat accumulation type radiant tube.
heat accumulation type radiant tube
Heat accumulation type radiant tube has burner respectively at the two ends of body, and flame formation temperature gradient when spraying of at one end burner combustion generation, that is, reduce gradually from the outside temperature of burner.Similar, in the flame that the other end burner combustion produces also formation temperature gradient when spraying.When the burner at two ends hockets burning, two the thermogrades superpositions formed, make temperature complementary, cause the homogeneous temperature of whole heat accumulation type radiant tube entirety.Such as, the temperature head on single described heat accumulation type radiant tube is not more than 30 DEG C.
Fast pyrogenation reaction unit of the present invention uses the decoration form of heat accumulation type radiant tube of the present invention, because heat accumulation type radiant tube attribute is inherently (described above, burner at heat accumulation type radiant tube two ends can alternate combustion fast, realize heat storage type combustion), allow to arrange one or more different temperature field at reactor as required, realize thermograde and guarantee that each temperature field has uniform temperature.
In one embodiment of the invention, the temperature of each heat accumulation type radiant tube is identical or different, as long as guarantee the homogeneous temperature in temperature field.
In one embodiment of the invention, the spacing between adjacent heat accumulation type radiant tube can be identical or different, as long as guarantee the homogeneous temperature in temperature field.Such as, the horizontal throw between adjacent described heat accumulation type radiant tube outer wall and vertically distance are separately 100 ~ 500mm, such as 200 ~ 300mm, such as 200mm, such as 300mm.
Formed from top to bottom in described pyrolysis zone in the embodiment of preheating section, fast pyrogenation section and complete pyrolysis section, the temperature of each heat accumulation type radiant tube in preheating section is identical or different, preferably identical, as long as guarantee the homogeneous temperature of preheating section.
Formed from top to bottom in described pyrolysis zone in the embodiment of preheating section, fast pyrogenation section and complete pyrolysis section, the temperature of each heat accumulation type radiant tube in fast pyrogenation section is identical or different, preferably identical, as long as guarantee the homogeneous temperature of fast pyrogenation section.
Formed from top to bottom in described pyrolysis zone in the embodiment of preheating section, fast pyrogenation section and complete pyrolysis section, the temperature of each heat accumulation type radiant tube in complete pyrolysis section is identical or different, preferably identical, as long as guarantee the homogeneous temperature of complete pyrolysis section.
Although be not limited to theory, but it is believed that, if material can not thermally equivalent in pyrolysis zone, local temperature is too high, causes material generation Pintsch process in local in pyrolytic process, the polymer substance making part in pyrolysis product can produce tar directly generates combustion gas and semicoke, or local temperature is too low, causes local material pyrolysis in pyrolytic process insufficient, cause the volatile matter in material not discharge, thus reduce tar yield.
In the present invention, when heat accumulation type radiant tube is arranged to form one or more temperature field, because temperature field temperature is separately roughly uniform, therefore, material is thermally equivalent when falling into each temperature field, and the degree reacted is substantially identical.Thus, along and avoid tar yield to decline.
the quick derivation of pyrolysis gas
Utilize fast pyrogenation reaction unit of the present invention, the quick derivation of pyrolysis gas can be realized after material pyrolysis.Specifically, in one embodiment of the invention, the reactor of fast pyrogenation reaction unit is provided with one or more pyrolysis gas outlet on the sidewall of pyrolysis zone and/or the roof of dispersion area.In pyrolytic reaction process, produce pyrolysis gas, the pressure of this inside reactor is raised.The pyrolysis gas produced is derived from pyrolysis gas outlet fast under the ordering about of the pressure raised.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, be provided with in reactor outside the air extractor be communicated with pyrolysis gas outlet, be conducive to pyrolysis gas to be derived fast from this reactor.
The pyrolysis gas produced in pyrolytic process is derived from reactor sidepiece, and the pyrolysis gas be positioned at inside pyrolysis gas outlet place, reactor contacts with the material that top falls, the thin dirt entered in the pyrolysis gas of reactor sidepiece is carried whereabouts under described material gravity effect, make dust content in the pyrolysis gas of deriving low, thus in the tar obtained after cooling, dust content is low.
Pyrolysis gas outlet is at least 2, such as 2-100,3-80,5-70,10-50,20-40,30-40.More specifically, pyrolysis gas outlet is 8,15,22 or 28.The present invention is not limited to this.
cloth
The present invention is by using distributor in addition, material can be made dispersed in pyrolysis zone, and then significantly improve the operation stability of device.
effect
Owing to adopting heat accumulation type radiant tube decoration form of the present invention, material can be rapidly heated in pyrolytic process in reactor.The pyrolysis gas simultaneously produced can be derived reactor and is cooled rapidly fast.Thereby reduce contingent secondary reaction (this reaction can reduce tar yield) in pyrolytic process, derivation process and process of cooling, therefore, the tar yield of gained is significantly increased.
More traditional use gaseous heat-carrier or solid thermal carriers are compared as the pyrolytic reaction device of pyrolysis thermal source simultaneously, the device of fast pyrogenation of the present invention does not need to arrange preheating unit and carrier separating unit, thus greatly can simplify fast pyrogenation reaction process flow process, and then significantly reduce the failure rate of device.
The present invention is by adopting specific heat accumulation type radiant tube decoration form, and can form the homogeneous temperature that each temperature field also can be guaranteed in one or more temperature field in the reactor, the temperature simultaneously allowing each temperature field of reactor is controlled.Thus, make material in the reactor can thermally equivalent, realize flash baking and pyrolysis more fully, and then improve tar yield, improve the fast pyrogenation efficiency of material.
Thermal source is provided by using multilayer heat accumulation type radiant tube for pyrolytic process according to the fast pyrogenation reaction unit of the embodiment of the present invention, the flow that can pass into the combustion gas of heat accumulation type radiant tube by adjustment realizes the accurate temperature controlling to pyrolytic process, and heat accumulation type radiant tube passes through quick commutation and the heat storage type combustion at two ends, ensure that the homogeneity in temperature field, thus the fast pyrogenation efficiency of material can be significantly improved, and then improve the productive rate of tar, more traditional use gaseous heat-carrier or solid thermal carriers are compared as the pyrolytic reaction device of pyrolysis thermal source simultaneously, fast pyrogenation reaction unit of the present invention does not need to arrange preheating unit and carrier separating unit, thus greatly can simplify fast pyrogenation reaction process flow process, and then significantly reduce device failure rate and in gained tar dust content lower, the present invention is by using distributor in addition, material can be made dispersed in pyrolysis zone, and material can be prevented the wearing and tearing of radiator tube, and then significantly improve the operation stability of device.
In addition, fast pyrogenation reaction unit according to the above embodiment of the present invention can also have following additional technical characteristic:
In some embodiments of the invention, it is inner that described distributor is positioned at described dispersion area, inner-wall surface spherically type or the taper of described dispersion area.Thus, material can be made dispersed in pyrolysis zone.
In some embodiments of the invention, described discharging portion is back taper.Thus, reaction mass can be made to get rid of discharge zone in time.
In some embodiments of the invention, every layer of described heat accumulation type radiant tube comprises multiple parallel and equally distributed heat accumulation type radiant tube and each described heat accumulation type radiant tube is parallel with each heat accumulation type radiant tube in adjacent upper and lower two-layer heat accumulation type radiant tube and be in staggered distribution along reactor body short transverse.Thus, the fast pyrogenation efficiency of material can be improved further.
In some embodiments of the invention, described fast pyrogenation reaction unit comprises further: spiral discharging device, and the be inclined upwardly below that is arranged on described reactor body and exporting with described semicoke of described spiral discharging device is connected.
In some embodiments of the invention, the height of described reactor body is 2 ~ 20m.
In some embodiments of the invention, heat accumulation type radiant tube is regenerative gas radiator tube, and the heat namely produced by combustion gas by radiator tube body carries out heat supply in the mode of radiation.
In some embodiments of the invention, described heat accumulation type radiant tube is provided with gas control valve.Thus, the flow passing into the combustion gas of heat accumulation type radiant tube can be regulated to wait the accurate temperature controlling realized pyrolytic process by adjustment variable valve, thus the fast pyrogenation efficiency of material can be significantly improved.
In some embodiments of the invention, the caliber of described heat accumulation type radiant tube is 100 ~ 500mm.Thus, the fast pyrogenation efficiency of material can be improved further.
In some embodiments of the invention, the horizontal throw between adjacent described heat accumulation type radiant tube outer wall and vertically distance are separately 100 ~ 500mm.Thus, the fast pyrogenation efficiency of material can be improved further.
In some embodiments of the invention, described multiple pyrolysis gas outlet is separately positioned on the top of described dispersion area and/or the sidewall of described pyrolysis zone.Thus, to give vent to anger by adopting the top of dispersion area and the sidewall of pyrolysis zone is given vent to anger the mode combined, the semicoke in pyrolysis gas can be made settlement separate, thus significantly reduce the dust content of pyrolysis gas.From the angle of technological design, preferably give vent to anger from the sidewall of pyrolysis zone.
Additional aspect of the present invention and advantage will part provide in the following description, and part will become obvious from the following description, or be recognized by practice of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Above-mentioned and/or additional aspect of the present invention and advantage will become obvious and easy understand from accompanying drawing below combining to the description of embodiment, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of fast pyrogenation reaction unit according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the fast pyrogenation reaction unit according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Be described below in detail embodiments of the invention, the example of described embodiment is shown in the drawings, and wherein same or similar label represents same or similar element or has element that is identical or similar functions from start to finish.Be exemplary below by the embodiment be described with reference to the drawings, be intended to for explaining the present invention, and can not limitation of the present invention be interpreted as.
In describing the invention, it will be appreciated that, term " " center ", " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", " length ", " width ", " thickness ", " on ", D score, " front ", " afterwards ", " left side ", " right side ", " vertically ", " level ", " top ", " end ", " interior ", " outward ", " clockwise ", " counterclockwise ", " axis ", " radial direction ", orientation or the position relationship of the instruction such as " circumference " are based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, only the present invention for convenience of description and simplified characterization, instead of indicate or imply that the device of indication or element must have specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore limitation of the present invention can not be interpreted as.
In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the term such as term " installation ", " being connected ", " connection ", " fixing " should be interpreted broadly, and such as, can be fixedly connected with, also can be removably connect, or integral; Can be mechanical connection, also can be electrical connection; Can be directly be connected, also indirectly can be connected by intermediary, can be the connection of two element internals or the interaction relationship of two elements, unless otherwise clear and definite restriction.For the ordinary skill in the art, above-mentioned term concrete meaning in the present invention can be understood as the case may be.
In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, fisrt feature second feature " on " or D score can be that the first and second features directly contact, or the first and second features are by intermediary indirect contact.And, fisrt feature second feature " on ", " top " and " above " but fisrt feature directly over second feature or oblique upper, or only represent that fisrt feature level height is higher than second feature.Fisrt feature second feature " under ", " below " and " below " can be fisrt feature immediately below second feature or tiltedly below, or only represent that fisrt feature level height is less than second feature.
In one aspect of the invention, the present invention proposes a kind of fast pyrogenation reaction unit.Below with reference to Fig. 1, the fast pyrogenation reaction unit of the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.According to embodiments of the invention, fast pyrogenation reaction unit comprises:
Reactor 100: according to embodiments of the invention, reactor 100 comprises reactor body 10, limit reaction compartment 11 in reactor body 10, according to a particular embodiment of the invention, reaction compartment 11 forms dispersion area 12, pyrolysis zone 13 and discharge zone 14 from top to bottom.
According to embodiments of the invention, there is in reaction compartment 11 multilayer heat accumulation type radiant tube 15 and distributor 16.
According to embodiments of the invention, reactor body 10 has material inlet 101, cloth gas entrance 102, multiple pyrolysis gas outlet 103 and semicoke outlet 104.
According to embodiments of the invention, material inlet 101 is positioned at dispersion area 12 and is positioned at the top of distributor 16, and to be suitable for material to be supplied in reaction compartment 11 and to be dispersed in pyrolysis zone after distributor.Concrete, material inlet 101 can be positioned on the sidewall of dispersion area 12.
According to embodiments of the invention, cloth gas entrance 102 is positioned at inside, dispersion area 12 and is connected with distributor 16, and be suitable in distributor 16, supply cloth gas (nitrogen etc.), the material blowout in distributor 16 is entered dispersion area 12, thus material is uniformly distributed in pyrolysis zone, and then improve the fast pyrogenation efficiency of material further.Concrete, cloth gas entrance 101 can be positioned on the sidewall of dispersion area 12.
According to embodiments of the invention, multilayer heat accumulation type radiant tube 15 is spaced apart along reactor body 10 short transverse in pyrolysis zone 13, and every layer of heat accumulation type radiant tube comprises multiple heat accumulation type radiant tube spaced apart in the horizontal direction, according to a particular embodiment of the invention, every layer of heat accumulation type radiant tube comprises multiple parallel and equally distributed heat accumulation type radiant tube and each heat accumulation type radiant tube is parallel with each heat accumulation type radiant tube in adjacent upper and lower two-layer heat accumulation type radiant tube and be in staggered distribution along reactor body short transverse.According to concrete example of the present invention, the caliber of heat accumulation type radiant tube can be 100 ~ 500mm.Thus, the fast pyrogenation efficiency of material can be significantly improved, and then improve the productive rate of tar.
According to embodiments of the invention, the horizontal throw between adjacent heat accumulation type radiant tube outer wall and vertically distance are separately 100 ~ 500mm.It should be explained that, horizontal throw between adjacent heat accumulation type radiant tube outer wall can be understood as the distance on same layer between heat accumulation type radiant tube outer wall, and the vertical distance between adjacent heat accumulation type radiant tube outer wall can be understood as adjacent upper and lower two interlayers adjacent heat accumulation type radiant tube outer wall between distance.
According to embodiments of the invention, the number of plies of multilayer heat accumulation type radiant tube can be 6-30 layer.Contriver finds, this kind of structural arrangement can make uniform distribution of temperature field in pyrolysis zone, thus can significantly improve the fast pyrogenation efficiency of material, and then improves the productive rate of tar.
According to embodiments of the invention, heat accumulation type radiant tube is regenerative gas radiator tube, and the heat namely produced by combustion gas by radiator tube body carries out heat supply in the mode of radiation.According to a particular embodiment of the invention, heat accumulation type radiant tube can be provided with gas control valve (not shown).Thus, the flow passing into the combustion gas of heat accumulation type radiant tube can be regulated to wait the accurate temperature controlling realized pyrolytic process by adjustment gas control valve, thus the fast pyrogenation efficiency of material can be significantly improved, and then improve the productive rate of tar.
Concrete, the accurate temperature controlling of the realizations such as the flow of the combustion gas of heat accumulation type radiant tube to pyrolytic process can be passed into by adjustment, and adopt rapid switching valve, the temperature field of single radiator tube is made to be more or less the same in 30 DEG C, thus the homogeneity in temperature field in guarantee reaction compartment, and the temperature of the heat accumulation type radiant tube of pyrolysis zone is made to be 500 ~ 900 DEG C by adjustment.
According to embodiments of the invention, it is inner that distributor 16 can be positioned at dispersion area 12, and be suitable for adopting the rare gas elementes such as nitrogen that the material blowout in distributor 16 is entered dispersion area, falls into pyrolysis zone equably, thus make it evenly be scattered in pyrolysis zone.Thus, comparatively conventional rapid thermal solution technique is compared, and the present invention can save rotation (stirring) unit by adopting distributor, and then significantly reduces the failure rate of device.It should be noted that, " distributor " herein can for any device adopting gas to be dispelled by material in prior art.Concrete, distributor 16 can be positioned on the sidewall of dispersion area 12.
According to embodiments of the invention, multiple pyrolysis gas outlet 103 can be separately positioned on dispersion area 12 and/or pyrolysis zone 13.According to a particular embodiment of the invention, multiple pyrolysis gas outlet 103 can be separately positioned on the top of dispersion area 12 and/or the sidewall of pyrolysis zone 13.Contriver finds, gives vent to anger and/or sidewall is given vent to anger the mode combined by adopting top, the semicoke in pyrolysis gas can be made settlement separate, thus significantly reduce the dust content of pyrolysis gas.From the angle of technological design, the mode of giving vent to anger from the sidewall of pyrolysis zone is preferred.
According to embodiments of the invention, semicoke outlet 104 can be arranged on discharge zone 14, and is suitable for pyrogenous origin semicoke to discharge reaction compartment.Concrete, semicoke outlet 104 can be arranged on the bottom of discharge zone 14.
According to embodiments of the invention, the inner-wall surface of dispersion area 12 can spherically type or taper.Thus, the material broken up through distributor can be made evenly to trickle down in pyrolysis zone behind dispersion area, thus improve the pyrolysis efficiency of material further.
According to embodiments of the invention, discharge zone 14 can be back taper.Thus, pyrogenous origin semicoke can be made to discharge discharge zone smoothly.
According to embodiments of the invention, the height of reactor body 10 can be 2 ~ 20m.Thus, the complete pyrolysis to material can be realized.
Thermal source is provided by using many group heat accumulation type radiant tubes for pyrolytic process according to the fast pyrogenation reaction unit of the embodiment of the present invention, the flow that can pass into the combustion gas of heat accumulation type radiant tube by adjustment realizes the accurate temperature controlling to pyrolytic process, and heat accumulation type radiant tube passes through quick commutation and the heat storage type combustion at two ends, ensure that the homogeneity in temperature field, thus the fast pyrogenation efficiency of material can be significantly improved, and then improve the productive rate of tar, more traditional use gaseous heat-carrier or solid thermal carriers are compared as the pyrolytic reaction device of pyrolysis thermal source simultaneously, fast pyrogenation reaction unit of the present invention does not need to arrange preheating unit and carrier separating unit, thus greatly can simplify fast pyrogenation reaction process flow process, and then significantly reduce device failure rate and in gained tar dust content lower, the present invention is by using distributor in addition, material can be made dispersed in pyrolysis zone, and material can be prevented the wearing and tearing of radiator tube, and then significantly improve the operation stability of device.
According to embodiments of the invention, with reference to figure 2, fast pyrogenation reaction unit comprises further:
Spiral discharging device 200: according to embodiments of the invention, spiral discharging device 200 is inclined upwardly the below that is arranged on reactor body 10 and export 104 with semicoke and be connected.
Concrete, regulated by the variable valve on adjustment gas pipeline and pass into the accurate temperature controlling of the realizations such as the flow of the combustion gas of heat accumulation type radiant tube to pyrolytic process, the heat accumulation type radiant tube temperature of pyrolysis zone is made to be 500 ~ 900 DEG C, material enters reaction compartment through material inlet, the material entered is broken up by the distributor be arranged in below material inlet and is scatter in dispersion area, material is made evenly to be scattered in concurrent raw pyrolytic reaction in pyrolysis zone, the pyrolysis gas generated is discharged from the pyrolysis gas outlet on reactor body sidewall and top, and the small semicoke particle of the major part of carrying in pyrolysis gas is settled down, the pyrolysis gas obtained carries out cooling after conventional tornado dust collector dedusting can obtain tar, and the semicoke produced in pyrolytic process discharges reactor body through spiral discharging device, the semicoke temperature obtained is down to less than 80 DEG C, and the residence time is 2 ~ 30 seconds to material in the reactor.
Below with reference to specific embodiment, present invention is described, it should be noted that, these embodiments are only descriptive, and do not limit the present invention in any way.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment 1 utilizes the fast pyrogenation reaction unit of Fig. 1-2.Treat that the particle diameter of pyrolysis feed brown coal is below 1mm, moisture is 15.2wt%, and its brown coal analytical data is in table 1.
Table 1: brown coal analytical data
The principal dimension of fast pyrogenation reaction unit is as follows: heat accumulation type radiant tube adopts caliber to be the round tube of 300mm, in level, the outer wall distance of every layer of adjacent radiation pipe is 200mm, the outer wall spacing of levels adjacent radiation pipe is 300mm, the number of plies of heat accumulation type radiant tube is 15 layers, the temperature of heat accumulation type radiant tube of pyrolysis zone and each regional temperature of reactor of formation is regulated to be shown in Table 2, , material is 2.9s at reactor mean residence time, wherein, pyrolysis gas is discharged and to be cooled through conventional cyclone dust removal that to obtain tar yield be 11.7wt% again, its dustiness is 2.7wt%, combustible gas productive rate is 15.8wt%, char yeild is 58.4wt%, the tar yield obtained than Ge Jinfa exceeds 42.6wt%, it is 513 DEG C at semicoke exit temperature of charge, semicoke temperature after spiral discharging device is discharged is 52 DEG C, direct packed rear conveying.
Table 2 process operation parameter
| Sequence number | Parameter name | Parameter value |
| 1 | Preheating section radiator tube temperature | 550℃ |
| 2 | Reactor preheating section temperature | 452℃ |
| 3 | Fast pyrogenation section radiator tube temperature | 500℃ |
| 4 | Reactor fast pyrogenation section temperature | 487℃ |
| 5 | Complete pyrolysis section radiator tube temperature | 500℃ |
| 6 | The complete pyrolysis section temperature of reactor | 492℃ |
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment utilizes the fast pyrogenation reaction unit of Fig. 1-2.Treat that pyrolysis brown coal raw material is with embodiment 1.
The principal dimension of fast pyrogenation reaction unit is as follows: heat accumulation type radiant tube adopts caliber to be the round tube of 100mm, in level, the outer wall distance of every layer of adjacent radiation pipe is 100mm, the outer wall spacing of levels adjacent radiation pipe is 200mm, the number of plies of heat accumulation type radiant tube is 30 layers, the brown coal particle diameter of process is below 1mm, moisture is 15.2wt%, the temperature of heat accumulation type radiant tube of pyrolysis zone and each regional temperature of reactor of formation is regulated to be shown in Table 3, material is 30s at reactor mean residence time, wherein, pyrolysis gas is discharged and to be cooled through conventional cyclone dust removal that to obtain tar yield be 13.2wt% again, its dustiness is 2.4wt%, combustible gas productive rate is 16.7wt%, char yeild is 51.4wt%, the tar yield obtained than Ge Jinfa exceeds 61.0wt%, it is 501 DEG C at semicoke exit temperature of charge, semicoke temperature after spiral discharging device is discharged is 48 DEG C, direct packed rear conveying.
Table 3 process operation parameter
| Sequence number | Parameter name | Parameter value |
| 1 | Preheating section radiator tube temperature | 900℃ |
| 2 | Reactor preheating section temperature | 490℃ |
| 3 | Fast pyrogenation section radiator tube temperature | 800℃ |
| 4 | Reactor fast pyrogenation section temperature | 557℃ |
| 5 | Complete pyrolysis section radiator tube temperature | 800℃ |
| 6 | The complete pyrolysis section temperature of reactor | 596℃ |
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment utilizes the fast pyrogenation reaction unit of Fig. 1-2.Treat that pyrolysis brown coal raw material is with embodiment 1.
The principal dimension of fast pyrogenation reaction unit is as follows: heat accumulation type radiant tube adopts caliber to be the round tube of 500mm, in level, the outer wall distance of every layer of adjacent radiation pipe is 500mm, the outer wall spacing of levels adjacent radiation pipe is 450mm, the number of plies of heat accumulation type radiant tube is 10 layers, the brown coal particle diameter of process is below 1mm, moisture is 15.2%, regulate each regional temperature of reactor of the temperature of the heat accumulation type radiant tube of pyrolysis zone and formation identical with embodiment 1, material is 15.6s at reactor mean residence time, wherein, pyrolysis gas is discharged and to be cooled through conventional cyclone dust removal that to obtain tar yield be 12.4wt% again, its dustiness is lower than 2.9wt%, combustible gas productive rate is 16.1wt%, char yeild is 53.3wt%, the tar yield obtained than Ge Jinfa exceeds 51.2wt%, it is 544 DEG C at semicoke exit temperature of charge, semicoke temperature after spiral discharging device is discharged is 45 DEG C, direct packed rear conveying.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment utilizes the fast pyrogenation reaction unit of Fig. 1-2.Treat that pyrolysis brown coal raw material is with embodiment 1.
The principal dimension of fast pyrogenation reaction unit is as follows: heat accumulation type radiant tube adopts caliber to be the round tube of 500mm, in level, the outer wall distance of every layer of adjacent radiation pipe is 500mm, the outer wall spacing of levels adjacent radiation pipe is 500mm, the number of plies of heat accumulation type radiant tube is 6 layers, the brown coal particle diameter of process is below 1mm, moisture is 15.2wt%, regulate each regional temperature of reactor of the temperature of the heat accumulation type radiant tube of pyrolysis zone and formation identical with embodiment 2, material is 2s at reactor mean residence time, wherein, pyrolysis gas is discharged and to be cooled through conventional cyclone dust removal that to obtain tar yield be 11.2wt% again, its dustiness is 3wt%, combustible gas productive rate is 14.4wt%, char yeild is 58.9wt%, the tar yield obtained than Ge Jinfa exceeds 36.6wt%, it is 587 DEG C at semicoke exit temperature of charge, semicoke temperature after spiral discharging device is discharged is 58 DEG C, direct packed rear conveying.
In the description of this specification sheets, specific features, structure, material or feature that the description of reference term " embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " concrete example " or " some examples " etc. means to describe in conjunction with this embodiment or example are contained at least one embodiment of the present invention or example.In this manual, to the schematic representation of above-mentioned term not must for be identical embodiment or example.And the specific features of description, structure, material or feature can combine in one or more embodiment in office or example in an appropriate manner.In addition, when not conflicting, the feature of the different embodiment described in this specification sheets or example and different embodiment or example can carry out combining and combining by those skilled in the art.
Although illustrate and describe embodiments of the invention above, be understandable that, above-described embodiment is exemplary, can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention, and those of ordinary skill in the art can change above-described embodiment within the scope of the invention, revises, replace and modification.
Claims (10)
1. a fast pyrogenation reaction unit, is characterized in that, comprising:
Reactor,
Described reactor comprises:
Reactor body, limits reaction compartment in described reactor body, and described reaction compartment forms dispersion area, pyrolysis zone and discharge zone from top to bottom;
Described dispersion area comprises:
Distributor;
Material inlet, described material inlet is positioned at the top of described distributor;
Cloth gas entrance, described cloth gas entrance is connected with described distributor, to adopt cloth gas that the material blowout in described distributor is entered dispersion area, falls into pyrolysis zone equably;
Described pyrolysis zone comprises:
Multilayer heat accumulation type radiant tube, described multilayer heat accumulation type radiant tube is spaced apart along described reactor body short transverse in described pyrolysis zone, and every layer of described heat accumulation type radiant tube comprises multiple heat accumulation type radiant tube spaced apart in the horizontal direction;
Described discharge zone comprises: semicoke exports;
Multiple pyrolysis gas outlet, described multiple pyrolysis gas outlet is separately positioned on described dispersion area and/or described pyrolysis zone.
2. fast pyrogenation reaction unit according to claim 1, is characterized in that, it is inner that described distributor is positioned at described dispersion area, inner-wall surface spherically type or the taper of described dispersion area.
3. fast pyrogenation reaction unit according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described discharge zone is back taper.
4. fast pyrogenation reaction unit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, every layer of described heat accumulation type radiant tube comprises multiple parallel and equally distributed heat accumulation type radiant tube and each described heat accumulation type radiant tube is parallel with each heat accumulation type radiant tube in adjacent upper and lower two-layer heat accumulation type radiant tube and be in staggered distribution along reactor body short transverse.
5. fast pyrogenation reaction unit according to claim 1, is characterized in that, comprise further:
Spiral discharging device, the be inclined upwardly below that is arranged on described reactor body and exporting with described semicoke of described spiral discharging device is connected.
6. fast pyrogenation reaction unit according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the height of described reactor body is 2 ~ 20m.
7. fast pyrogenation reaction unit according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described heat accumulation type radiant tube is provided with gas control valve.
8. fast pyrogenation reaction unit according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the caliber of described heat accumulation type radiant tube is 100 ~ 500mm.
9. fast pyrogenation reaction unit according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the horizontal throw between adjacent described heat accumulation type radiant tube outer wall and vertically distance are separately 100 ~ 500mm.
10. fast pyrogenation reaction unit according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described multiple pyrolysis gas outlet is separately positioned on the top of described dispersion area and/or the sidewall of described pyrolysis zone.
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| CN107936993A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-04-20 | 北京神雾电力科技有限公司 | A kind of high pressure soaking fast pyrogenation device |
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