CN105547966A - Aeration zone and saturated zone percolation experiment device under control of intermittent river - Google Patents
Aeration zone and saturated zone percolation experiment device under control of intermittent river Download PDFInfo
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- CN105547966A CN105547966A CN201610061546.7A CN201610061546A CN105547966A CN 105547966 A CN105547966 A CN 105547966A CN 201610061546 A CN201610061546 A CN 201610061546A CN 105547966 A CN105547966 A CN 105547966A
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- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 title abstract description 3
- 238000005325 percolation Methods 0.000 title abstract 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 107
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007723 transport mechanism Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000010429 evolutionary process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical group COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005442 atmospheric precipitation Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029142 excretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005429 filling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
- G01N15/0826—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample and measuring fluid flow rate, i.e. permeation rate or pressure change
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Abstract
The invention belongs to a hydrogeology testing device, and particularly relates to an aeration zone and saturated zone percolation experiment device under the control of an intermittent river. A rectangular simulation box comprises a large cavity and a small cavity inside, wherein the back end of the large cavity is connected with the front end of the small cavity through an organic glass water-permeable baffle plate; a front water head overflow box is arranged at the front end of the large cavity; a back water head overflow box is arranged at the back end of the small cavity; a smooth hill-shaped water-containing layer is formed in the large cavity; a surface water body is arranged above the smooth hill-shaped water-containing layer close to the front end of the large cavity; an inverted trapezoidal pollutant accumulation body is arranged in the smooth hill-shaped water-containing layer; three rows of pressure-measuring tubes are vertically arranged on the side wall of the large cavity at equal intervals; a groundwater supplying water body is arranged in the small cavity. According to the device, the evolution rules of river water and groundwater in processes of filling water into the river or stopping filling water into the river are simulated by adjusting a river level and a groundwater level, so that comprehension of a percolation mode, a moisture transport mechanism and a percolation basic rule of a riverside area macro-porous medium in an inland arid region is facilitated.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to water geology test unit, be specifically related to the aeration zone under broken stream control and zone of saturation seepage experimental apparatus.
Background technology
In water geology, underground water exchanges material and energy by supply and excretion with extraneous, keeps cycle alternation, supports the operation of relevant Hydrology and Eco-Environment System.
The research of underground water relates generally to Source Of Supply, mechanism, influence factor and increment.Recharge of ground water source comprises atmospheric precipitation, surface water etc.
River is spatially present situation supply and is continuous or regular supply source in time.Due to the too much exploitation of upper and middle reaches water resource, some continental river downstream water yield of NORTHWEST CHINA arid biogeographic zone die-offs, therefore perennial river is transformed into broken stream gradually.
The hydrological characteristics that broken stream has river course water-filling and Period Process of cutting off the water repeats.In flood season, because river stops for a long time, underground water table is in the following certain depth in riverbed, occurs hydraulic connection discrepancy, occurs unsatalation zone under riverbed, therefore after river course water-filling, river is with unsaturated flow mode Vertical Infiltration recharge groundwater.Lower infiltration arrives ground water level and forms supply, forms strip underground shuiqiu under river.After a period of time, underground water table raises and is connected with river and is connected, and now stream stage and underground water table have unified drawdown curve.When river course cuts off the water, the anhydrous recharge groundwater in river, river penetration amount equals zero, and strip underground shuiqiu dissipates to both sides, the underground water table in too high certain limit.
When broken stream water-filling recharge groundwater makes its water level hit the ceiling and stablizes, if annex exists contaminant accumulation body, pollutant may to enter in underground water thus polluted underground water, and available groundwater resource are reduced because of water quality deterioration.
River course water-filling and the process of cutting off the water make the evolutionary process of river and underground water complicated, and research difficulty is larger.Adopt field study method to be not easy to intuitively, to recognize this evolutionary process clearly, and need the data collecting at least one water year, last length, cost is large.And adopt numerical simulation as research means, some important hydrogeological phenomenon and information in evolutionary process cannot be observed, and exist during generalization hydrogeological model and how to utilize limited field data to obtain the more parameter needed for model running, result of calculation is comparatively fuzzy, and the process of beginner's study and research feeding of a river underground water has certain difficulty.
Summary of the invention
Aeration zone under the present invention is controlled by a kind of broken stream and zone of saturation seepage experimental apparatus, the kinetic mechanism developed for relation between study river and underground water and Evolution etc. provide a kind of effective research means.
Concrete technical scheme is:
Aeration zone under broken stream controls and zone of saturation seepage experimental apparatus, include reserve tank, rectangle simulation box; Large chamber and capacitor is comprised in rectangle simulation box, described large chamber rear end is connected by the permeable baffle plate of organic glass with capacitor front end, large chamber front end is provided with front head spill box by lifting screw, and capacitor rear end is provided with rear head spill box by lifting screw;
There is mild massif shape water-bearing zone in described large chamber, above mild massif shape water-bearing zone, have surface water body near large chamber front end; Loose pore media in medium permeating medium simulating nature circle is set in mild massif shape water-bearing zone, and an inverted trapezoidal contaminant accumulation body is set in permeating medium; Large cavity bottom has freeing port to be connected with reserve tank;
The sidewall of large chamber is equidistantly vertically installed three row's piezometric tube, each row piezometric tube bottom stretch into mild massif shape water-bearing zone in same level; Described three row's piezometric tube are respectively the first piezometric tube, the second piezometric tube, the 3rd piezometric tube, and the bottom of the first piezometric tube is arranged on below contaminant accumulation body;
Groundwater supply water body is had in described capacitor;
Described front head spill box comprises advance water tank and front discharge casing; Described advance water tank is connected with the water pump of reserve tank, and front discharge casing is connected with reserve tank by pipeline; Described surface water body is connected by pipeline with advance water tank;
Described rear head spill box comprises rear inlet water tank and rear discharge casing; Described rear inlet water tank is connected by pipeline with groundwater supply water body; Described rear discharge casing is connected with reserve tank by pipeline, and described groundwater supply water body is connected with the water pump of reserve tank.
There is landform cover in mild massif shape water-bearing zone near large chamber front end place; The fluctuating on described landform cover and surface, mild massif shape water-bearing zone matches.
Aeration zone under broken stream provided by the invention controls and zone of saturation seepage experimental apparatus, the experimental provision under broken stream control is designed, by the Evolution regulating stream stage and underground water table to simulate river river and underground water in water-filling with the process of cutting off the water respectively according to the principle of similitude.By the experimental learning of this device, contribute to the understanding to the Seepage mode in the riverside areas porous medium of arid area, inland, Water Transport mechanism and seepage flow basic law, understand the process of river recharge groundwater, the formation of further exploration location water resource along the river.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is main TV structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is plan structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is that embodiment of the present invention river course cuts off the water phase underground water table distribution schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is the underground water table distribution schematic diagram embodiment of the present invention river course water-filling starting stage not forming unified drawdown curve;
Fig. 5 is the underground water table distribution schematic diagram forming unified drawdown curve after embodiment of the present invention river course water-filling a period of time.
Embodiment
Accompanying drawings the specific embodiment of the present invention.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the aeration zone under broken stream controls and zone of saturation seepage experimental apparatus, include reserve tank 2, rectangle simulation box 3; Large chamber 6 and capacitor 7 is comprised in rectangle simulation box 3, described large chamber 6 rear end is connected by the permeable baffle plate 5 of organic glass with capacitor 7 front end, large chamber 6 front end is provided with front head spill box 12 by lifting screw 4, and capacitor 7 rear end is provided with rear head spill box 13 by lifting screw 4;
Rectangle simulation box 3 is of a size of long 1.4m, wide 0.2m, high 0.6m, and rectangle simulation box 3 adopts the organic glass of angle steel bound edge to make.Reserve tank 2 below rectangle simulation box 3 is of a size of long 1.4m, wide 0.2m, high 0.3m.The permeable baffle plate of organic glass 5 is of a size of high 0.6m, wide 0.2m, thick 10mm, and the permeable hole aperture on the permeable baffle plate 5 of organic glass is 3mm.
There is mild massif shape water-bearing zone 9 in described large chamber 6, above mild massif shape water-bearing zone 9, have surface water body 8 near large chamber 6 front end; Loose pore media in medium permeating medium simulating nature circle is set in mild massif shape water-bearing zone 9, and an inverted trapezoidal contaminant accumulation body 10 is set in permeating medium; Freeing port 19 is had to be connected with reserve tank 2 bottom large chamber 6;
The sidewall of large chamber 6 is equidistantly vertically installed three row's piezometric tube, each row piezometric tube bottom stretch into mild massif shape water-bearing zone 9 in same level; Described three row's piezometric tube are respectively the first piezometric tube 161, second piezometric tube 162, the bottom of the 3rd piezometric tube 163, first piezometric tube 161 is arranged on below contaminant accumulation body 10;
Piezometric tube is plexi-glass tubular, and caliber is 10mm.First piezometric tube 161 has 3, groundwater level during for observing stream stage hit the ceiling below contaminant accumulation body 10; Second piezometric tube 162 has 11, the 3rd piezometric tube 163 has 13, for observing river to the situation of change of underground water table in recharge of ground water process.
Groundwater supply water body 11 is had in described capacitor 7;
Described front head spill box 12 comprises advance water tank 14 and front discharge casing 15; Described advance water tank 14 is connected with the water pump 1 of reserve tank 2, and front discharge casing 15 is connected with reserve tank 2 by pipeline; Described surface water body 8 is connected by pipeline with advance water tank 14;
Described rear head spill box 13 comprises rear inlet water tank 17 and rear discharge casing 18; Described rear inlet water tank 17 is connected by pipeline with groundwater supply water body 11; Described rear discharge casing 18 is connected with reserve tank 2 by pipeline, and described groundwater supply water body 11 is connected with the water pump 1 of reserve tank 2.
There is landform cover 28 in mild massif shape water-bearing zone 9 near large chamber 6 front end place; Described landform cover 28 matches with the fluctuating on surface, mild massif shape water-bearing zone 9.
For concrete using method during following test be:
1. river course cuts off the water phase Groundwater buried depth distribution characteristics
Low water season, Cut off, anhydrous recharge groundwater in river course, therefore advance water tank 14 water intaking valve of front head spill box 12 is closed.By lifting screw 4, front head spill box 12 is adjusted to extreme lower position, rear head spill box 13 is adjusted to initial position, this initial position is lower than bottom riverbed but higher than bottom the 3rd piezometric tube 163.Close the draining valve of large chamber 6 bottom discharge mouth 19, open the water intaking valve of groundwater supply water body 11 and reserve tank 2 in capacitor 7.Water in reserve tank 2 enters capacitor 7, in rectangle simulation box 3, underground water table raises gradually, after a period of time, form stable table water aquifer, as shown in Figure 3, being zone of saturation below waterline, more than waterline is aeration zone, in 3rd piezometric tube 163, liquid level is in same level, anhydrous in the first piezometric tube 161 and the second piezometric tube 162.
2. river course water-filling phase WATER LEVEL CHANGES feature
Flood season, river course water-filling will recharge groundwater, therefore advance water tank 14 water intaking valve of front head spill box 12 is opened, front head spill box 12 is adjusted to certain altitude, and higher than bottom the second piezometric tube 162, water in reserve tank 2 enters the surface water body 8 of large chamber 6, and surface water body 8 is the river of simulation.River is with the mode recharge of phreatic water of unsaturated flow, and lower infiltration flows to and reaches ground water level formation supply, and the ground water level bottom riverbed forms strip underground shuiqiu gradually, as shown in Figure 4.Continue lower impregnation to give, the continuous lifting of underground shuiqiu, finally be connected with river, now underground water and river have unified drawdown curve, now river is with saturated flow mode recharge of phreatic water, underground water table is made constantly to increase, and distance river course is nearer, the ascensional range of underground water table is also larger, as shown in Figure 5, can be observed this phenomenon by the second piezometric tube 162 on rectangle simulation box 3 sidewall and the 3rd piezometric tube 163, and measure by rule the underground water table climbing speed variation characteristic that piezometric surface height can obtain this process.When stream stage is enough high, underground water table constantly can be lifted to maximum height, and tends towards stability, and can be observed this phenomenon by the first piezometric tube 161.If this highly arrives near contaminant accumulation body 10, pollutant is dissolved in underground water, can worsen quality of groundwater, cause groundwater contamination, affects the exploitation of downstream underground water.
The present invention adopts the principle of similitude, with the broken stream of NORTHWEST CHINA northwest arid inland basin for simulated object, present broken stream by experiment intuitively in the relation with water-filling phase river and underground water of cutting off the water, and the variation characteristic of underground water table in water filling process, as rise of groundwater level, climbing speed etc., whether can cause groundwater contamination to the response of river water-filling and affect the ecologic environment on earth's surface by Study of The Underground water simultaneously.The present invention is that the student of hydrogeology specialty studies the problems such as the mechanism of broken stream recharge groundwater and underground water table recovery and provides a kind of science, effective technological means, the evolution Feature of river and underground water in different percolating medium can be studied by changing percolating medium simultaneously, for the addressing in Disposal of Contaminants place, different regions provides certain theoretical foundation with design, there is engineering significance.
Claims (2)
1. the aeration zone under broken stream control and zone of saturation seepage experimental apparatus, is characterized in that: include reserve tank (2), rectangle simulation box (3); Large chamber (6) and capacitor (7) is comprised in rectangle simulation box (3), described large chamber (6) rear end is connected by the permeable baffle plate of organic glass (5) with capacitor (7) front end, large chamber (6) front end is provided with front head spill box (12) by lifting screw (4), and capacitor (7) rear end is provided with rear head spill box (13) by lifting screw (4);
Have mild massif shape water-bearing zone (9) in described large chamber (6), there is surface water body (8) mild massif shape water-bearing zone (9) top near large chamber (6) front end; Loose pore media in medium permeating medium simulating nature circle is set in mild massif shape water-bearing zone (9), and an inverted trapezoidal contaminant accumulation body (10) is set in permeating medium; Large chamber (6) bottom has freeing port (19) to be connected with reserve tank (2);
The sidewall of large chamber (6) is equidistantly vertically installed three row's piezometric tube, each row piezometric tube bottom stretch into mild massif shape water-bearing zone (9) in same level; Described three row's piezometric tube are respectively the first piezometric tube (161), the second piezometric tube (162), the 3rd piezometric tube (163), and the bottom of the first piezometric tube (161) is arranged on contaminant accumulation body (10) below;
Groundwater supply water body (11) is had in described capacitor (7);
Described front head spill box (12) comprises advance water tank (14) and front discharge casing (15); Described advance water tank (14) is connected with the water pump 1 of reserve tank (2), and front discharge casing (15) is connected with reserve tank (2) by pipeline; Described surface water body (8) is connected by pipeline with advance water tank (14);
Described rear head spill box (13) comprises rear inlet water tank (17) and rear discharge casing (18); Described rear inlet water tank (17) is connected by pipeline with groundwater supply water body (11); Described rear discharge casing (18) is connected with reserve tank (2) by pipeline, and described groundwater supply water body (11) is connected with the water pump (1) of reserve tank (2).
2. the aeration zone under broken stream control according to claim 1 and zone of saturation seepage experimental apparatus, is characterized in that: described mild massif shape water-bearing zone (9) has landform cover (28) near large chamber (6) front end place; Described landform cover (28) matches with the fluctuating on mild massif shape water-bearing zone (9) surface.
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| CN201610061546.7A CN105547966A (en) | 2016-01-28 | 2016-01-28 | Aeration zone and saturated zone percolation experiment device under control of intermittent river |
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Cited By (6)
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| CN107034839A (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2017-08-11 | 天津大学 | Self-circulation type river develops experimental system |
| CN107063632A (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2017-08-18 | 江西省水利科学研究院 | A kind of lower vertical undercurrent exchange test device in riverbed of fluctuation pressure driving and preparation method thereof |
| CN109839492A (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2019-06-04 | 中国地质科学院水文地质环境地质研究所 | A kind of aeration zone-underground water pollution association analogue experiment method |
| CN110044797A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-07-23 | 中国地质大学（北京） | Aeration zone Infiltration monitoring method and device and monitoring extraction system and method |
| CN111855968A (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2020-10-30 | 中国地质科学院水文地质环境地质研究所 | Aeration zone moisture infiltration detection simulation method |
| CN111999032A (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2020-11-27 | 中国地质科学院水文地质环境地质研究所 | Dynamic simulation method for groundwater recharge by surface water |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107034839A (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2017-08-11 | 天津大学 | Self-circulation type river develops experimental system |
| CN107063632A (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2017-08-18 | 江西省水利科学研究院 | A kind of lower vertical undercurrent exchange test device in riverbed of fluctuation pressure driving and preparation method thereof |
| CN107063632B (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2023-04-28 | 江西省水利科学院(江西省大坝安全管理中心、江西省水资源管理中心) | Experimental method of river bed vertical subsurface flow exchange test device driven by periodic pulsating pressure |
| CN109839492A (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2019-06-04 | 中国地质科学院水文地质环境地质研究所 | A kind of aeration zone-underground water pollution association analogue experiment method |
| CN110044797A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-07-23 | 中国地质大学（北京） | Aeration zone Infiltration monitoring method and device and monitoring extraction system and method |
| CN111855968A (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2020-10-30 | 中国地质科学院水文地质环境地质研究所 | Aeration zone moisture infiltration detection simulation method |
| CN111999032A (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2020-11-27 | 中国地质科学院水文地质环境地质研究所 | Dynamic simulation method for groundwater recharge by surface water |
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Application publication date: 20160504 |