CN204315152U - Phreatic well flood-pot-test device - Google Patents
Phreatic well flood-pot-test device Download PDFInfo
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- CN204315152U CN204315152U CN201420689178.7U CN201420689178U CN204315152U CN 204315152 U CN204315152 U CN 204315152U CN 201420689178 U CN201420689178 U CN 201420689178U CN 204315152 U CN204315152 U CN 204315152U
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Abstract
The utility model phreatic well flood-pot-test device, shape of cross section is had to be the fan groove that central angle is at least 30 ° in simulation box, the drain chamber communicated with the circular arc pervious barrier on fan groove, with the permeable borehole wall of circular arc of circular arc pervious barrier concentric, fan groove is separated into diving water injection well, there is the simulation chamber in water-bearing zone, be positioned at simulation box diving water injection well end determine head spill box by pipeline respectively with reserve tank, diving water injection well communicates, the discharge casing being positioned at simulation box drain chamber place is communicated with reserve tank and drain chamber respectively by pipeline, near the position of diving water injection well, note tracer agent water tank is housed in relative analog chamber, simulation box top, note tracer agent water tank bottom plate is distributed with simulation rain hole, note tracer agent tank top has tracer agent case, at least five group piezometric tube are equidistant to be vertically contained on the wall of simulation chamber.Can intuitively understand stablizes in the injecting process in phreatic well, and WIH, to motion characteristics in table water aquifer and hydraulic Head Distribution rule, carries out testing and parametric measurement.
Description
Technical field:
The utility model is relevant to geological hydrogeological subject, special relevant with table water aquifer and phreatic well flood-pot-test device.
Background technology:
Diving is the underground water being extensively present in occurring in nature, according to its mode of occurence, diving to refer in zone of saturation first there is Free Surface and have the gravity water in the water-bearing zone of certain scale.Water table (ground water level) is table water aquifer thickness to the vertical range of water proof base plate.Water table is diving depth of burial to the vertical range on earth's surface, and table water aquifer thickness and diving depth of burial change along with the change of ground water level.
More than water table there is not stable water proof stratum, make diving and the close relation such as surface water, atmospheric precipitation, hydrologic factor response sensitivity meteorological to region of diving under water, water level, water quality and water yield Growth season and perennial change.Due to more than water table without continuity water-resisting layer, whole distribution ranges of diving can accept the supply of atmospheric precipitation, also show the supply of water body acceptably, can also accept the leakage-releasing water etc. of underlying formation.
Because diving distribution is wide, most regional buried depth is shallow, water circulation is fast, alternately rapidly, the feature such as water yield stable regeneration is strong, diving is often exploited utilization by the mankind.Under different topographic conditions, cycle alternation, the water quality and quantity of diving all will change.When well or boring expose table water aquifer until water proof base plate time, the water level of table water aquifer can be stablized gradually, and the height of fixed level is the piezometric level of this some diving.Due to the existence of water proof base plate, on the one hand, which limit the usefulness supply and excretion scope, make table water aquifer can become an independently ground water regime.
Owing to more than water table there is not water-resisting layer, lacking under science, effective management, latent water resource is constantly polluted, thus, in the process of Human dried bloodstains, significant to a regional groundwater environmental assessment.In groundwater environmental assessment, when determine pollution time, pollution range and pollution level etc., the determination of some important hydrogeological parameters will be prerequisite.As: infiltration coefficient, it characterizes the index of the water permeability size of water-bearing zone or pervious bed, can be determined by flood-pot-test.
During for studying the regional diving characteristics of motion in the earth formation, especially when determining underground water percolation flow velocity in the earth formation, except utilizing bailing test to determine, need sometimes to carry out flood-pot-test.As in the wild, when the groundwater level depth in boring is comparatively large or test layer is permeable but not moisture, bailing test can be replaced by flood-pot-test, thus approximate acquisition stratum osmotic coefficient.And for example, when efficiency and dam, the storehouse seepage of the artificial recharge of Study of The Underground water or waste water underground disposal, also need to carry out drilling hole and injecting water experiment.
When measuring the actual flow velocity of underground water in table water aquifer, for the isotropic water-bearing media of homogeneous, useful seepage velocity is tried to achieve with the ratio of net porosity, but there are differences between the flow velocity of often this method measuring and calculating and its actual flow velocity, this is because the motion path of underground water is complicated, runs into solid-phase media and streams and cause.
Field is carried out phreatic well flood-pot-test and is had time length, length consuming time, high in cost of production shortcoming, is unfavorable for that hydrogeological test is imparted knowledge to students.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model be in order to provide a kind of rational in infrastructure, intuitively can understand and stablize in the injecting process in phreatic well, WIH, to motion characteristics in table water aquifer and hydraulic Head Distribution rule, carries out the phreatic well flood-pot-test device of correlation test and parametric measurement.
The purpose of this utility model is achieved like this:
The utility model phreatic well flood-pot-test device, the reserve tank of band water pump known by bag, there is the simulation box of horizontal water proof base plate, shape of cross section is had to be the fan groove that central angle is at least 30 ° in simulation box, the drain chamber communicated with the circular arc pervious barrier on fan groove, the bottom being arranged in fan groove is fixed on water proof base plate and with the permeable borehole wall of circular arc of circular arc pervious barrier concentric and fan groove is separated into diving water injection well, there is the simulation chamber in water-bearing zone, be positioned on the energy of simulation box diving water injection well end, the water cavity that overflows back be positioned at outside overflow groove determined in head spill box of overflow groove that has of lower lifting is communicated with reserve tank by pipeline, the overflow groove determined in head spill box is communicated with water storage tank water pump and water injection well of diving under water respectively by pipeline, be positioned on the energy at simulation box drain chamber place, the draining backwater cavity be positioned at outside draining overflow groove that has in the discharge casing of draining overflow groove of lower lifting is communicated with reserve tank by pipeline, draining overflow groove is communicated with drain chamber by pipeline, note tracer agent water tank is housed near the position of water injection well in relative analog chamber, simulation box top, note tracer agent water tank communicates with reserve tank by being with the pipeline of operation valve, note tracer agent water tank bottom plate is evenly distributed with some simulation rain holes, note tracer agent tank top has tracer agent case, tracer agent case there is the tracer agent pipe stretched in note tracer agent water tank, at least five group piezometric tube are equidistant to be vertically contained on the wall of simulation chamber, often organizing piezometric tube is four, the top of same section in water-bearing zone is inserted respectively with the other end often organizing the four pressure measurement flexible pipes be communicated with bottom piezometric tube, middle part, bottom, bottom.
Above-mentioned simulation box is dived under water relatively water injection well, drain chamber position be respectively arranged with elevation and subsidence regulating device, the threaded nut, the bearing that are contained in simulation box upper and lower end is had in elevation and subsidence regulating device, with the threaded journal stirrup determined head spill box or discharge casing and be connected, adjusting screw(rod) one end to be stretched into through the screw thread on nut, journal stirrup successively in bearing and can be rotated.
Central angle in above-mentioned fan groove is 35 °.
According to the principle of similitude, the table water aquifer of occurring in nature and boring (well) are reduced according to a certain percentage and is made into flood-pot-test model, WIH motion in table water aquifer to table water aquifer seepage flow and underground water when adopting sand launder simulated dive water-bearing zone to simulate water filling.In order to make each physical quantity of model and prototype become certain proportionate relationship, the utility model defers to following 4 conditions: 1. geometric similarity; The linear dimension physical quantity of model should be similar to prototype, if X* is affinity constant, and X*=X
p/ X
m, be the ratio of similitude of prototype (p) and model (m), the length (L) of the utility model model, width (B), water-bearing zone thickness (M) and head value (H) meet relational expression: L*=B*=M*=H*.2. dynamic similarity; The power that the character that model particle corresponding to prototype seepage flow acts on is identical maintains certain proportionate relationship.In the utility model, seepage action of ground water meets linear seepage law, and its seepage velocity (v) meets relational expression with infiltration coefficient (K): v*=K*.3. kinematic similitude; Time (t) and net porosity (n
e) meet following relation: t*=n
e*; 4. boundary condition is similar.Surface water head and infiltration capacity etc. are similar.
During utility model works, first by fan groove two ends determine head spill box, discharge casing remains on sustained height respectively by jacking gear, open pumping for water pump, when finding that the steady flow overflow system of fan groove both sides starts to overflow, switch off the pump power supply, after unnecessary water is discharged, 6 row's piezometric head values of fan groove side, all in same level, namely simulate the natural ground-water level of table water aquifer before water filling.Now, head spill box is determined by after jacking gear appreciation certain altitude by what be positioned at water injection well side, connect pump power, carry out constant flow water filling, open and the operation valve noted on pipeline that spike water tank and reserve tank be connected simultaneously, the some simulation rain holes making the current of band tracer agent flow through note tracer agent water tank bottom form rainfall, and along with the continuity of water injection time, the dynamic water level of diving water injection well and drain chamber can reach stable.When water injection well middle water level is consistent with spill box middle water level, to simulate centered by water injection well in table water aquifer, the head of piezometric tube reduces gradually, defines stable reverse water-filling funnel.This process can describe with the draw water Qiu Buyi well stream equation of stable motion of phreatic well:
Q=πK（h
2- H
2）/ln(R/r
w) （1）
q
n-q
n-1/q≤2% （2）
Q=12q （3）
In above-mentioned 3 formulas, when (1) formula is water filling, WIH is to the Qiu Buyi math equation of table water aquifer stable motion, wherein: Q is 360 ° of phreatic well water injection rates (ml/s); K is the infiltration coefficient (cm/s) in simulated dive water-bearing zone; H is the natural ground-water level (cm) before water filling; H is the dynamic water level (cm) of diving water injection well; R is the water filling radius of influence (cm); r
wfor the radius (cm) of water injection well; (2) formula is phreatic well water injection rate stability distinguishing formula, wherein: q
nit is the phreatic well water injection rate (ml/s) measured for n-th time; q
n-1be measure phreatic well water injection rate (ml/s) (n-1)th time; Q by n-th time with (n-1)th time the mean value of survey water injection rate.(3) formula is the relation that fan groove stablizes that water injection rate stablized by water injection rate and 360 ° of wells.
When the dynamic water level in phreatic well is h, the stable water injection rate of phreatic well is constantly measured by Overflow drainage case, can judge whether seepage flow be stablized after water filling by (2) formula, get q be stable after simulated dive well stablize water injection rate, then utilize (3) formula to calculate 360 ° of phreatic well water injection rate Q.Measure the groundwater level of these sighting tubes again, and water level smooth curve is connected thus obtains reverse water-filling funnel.And water-filling funnel and initial water horizontal line are contrasted to determine radius of influence R, meanwhile, measure the natural ground-water level before simulation water filling and well radius r
w, and finally determine the coefficient of permeability K of table water aquifer.In process of the test, phreatic well water injection rate is controlled by the jacking gear near well one end, thus the dynamic water level h etc. controlled in the shape of reverse water-filling funnel and phreatic well, so just, the relation between dynamic water level and phreatic well water injection rate Q after phreatic well water filling can be obtained, also can determine the relation curve of dynamic water level and the radius of influence after phreatic well water filling.The water permeability size of table water aquifer can be understood by measuring infiltration coefficient, thus evaluate the seepage flow characteristics of pollutant in underground water and Transport.R ~ h curve then can be used for smoothness, the watery of the excretion evaluating table water aquifer, water storage, for local ground watering resources development and utilization and evaluation provide theoretical foundation.
When the dynamic water level in phreatic well is h, open tracer agent injected system, when tracer agent forms stable streamline in Heshui layer, tracer agent fillup valve can be closed.
Actual velocity of groundwater can adopt following formula to calculate,
U
1=V
ooze/ n
e(4)
u
2=L/Δt （5）
(4) be the actual flow velocity u of theoretical formula method
1, V
oozefor groundwater seepage flow velocity, n
efor the net porosity of sample; (5) formula is tracer method gained actual velocity of groundwater u
2, for underground water trace is long, Δ t is the consuming time of underground water particle movement L length.After test, by contrasting the actual velocity of groundwater measurement result of (4) formula and (5) formula, rationally can determine the true flow velocity of underground water in water-bearing zone, evaluating the runoff of underground water in table water aquifer, excretion feature.
Tangential direction along streamline is evenly arranged tested point, to survey product actual velocity of groundwater.
The utility model clear, intuitively can represent motion process to underground water during phreatic well water filling and feature, pass through the utility model, intuitively can understand diving WIH to table water aquifer motion characteristics, also the Changing Pattern of hydraulic Head Distribution situation in rear table water aquifer and drawdown curve is stablized in Observable water filling, and infiltration coefficient and the water filling that also can obtain stratum form the reverse scale of water-filling funnel and the relation of water injection rate.By test, can be familiar with the process of phreatic well flood-pot-test and relevant basic concept, study flood-pot-test data compilation and analysis, for carrying out of field original position flood-pot-test lays good theoretical foundation.
accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 is the utility model structural representation.
Fig. 2 is the A direction view in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the H direction view in Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is the B-B cut-open view in Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is the vertical view of Fig. 1.
embodiment:
See Fig. 1 ~ Fig. 5, the present embodiment phreatic well flood-pot-test device, comprises the reserve tank 2 of band water pump 1, has the simulation box 4 of horizontal water proof base plate 3.The fan groove 5 having shape of cross section to be central angle to be 35 ° in simulation box, the drain chamber 7 communicated with the circular arc pervious barrier 6 on fan groove.The bottom being arranged in fan groove to be fixed on water proof base plate and fan groove to be separated into the circular arc of the circular arc pervious barrier concentric permeable borehole wall 8 water injection well 9 of diving under water, to have the simulation chamber 11 in water-bearing zone 10.Be arranged in being communicated with reserve tank by pipeline 15-1 by the water cavity 15 that overflows back be positioned at outside overflow groove determining head spill box 14 of overflow groove 13 that has of the upper and lower lifting of jacking gear 12 energy of simulation box diving water injection well end.Determine overflow groove in head spill box by being with the pipeline 17 of operation valve, pipeline 18 communicates with water storage tank water pump and water injection well of diving under water respectively.Be arranged in being communicated with reserve tank by there being the pipeline 22 of operation valve by the draining backwater cavity 21 having the discharge casing 20 of draining overflow groove 19 to be positioned at outside draining overflow groove of the upper and lower lifting of jacking gear 12-1 energy of simulation box drain chamber place.Draining overflow groove is communicated with drain chamber by pipeline 23.Near the position of diving water injection well, note tracer agent water tank 24 is housed in relative analog chamber, simulation box top.Note tracer agent water tank communicates with reserve tank by being with the pipeline 25 of operation valve.Note tracer agent water tank bottom plate is evenly distributed with some simulation rain holes 26.Note tracer agent tank top has tracer agent case 27.Tracer agent case there is the tracer agent pipe 28 of the band operation valve stretched in note tracer agent water tank.Six groups of equidistant being vertically contained in of piezometric tube 29 are simulated on the wall of chamber.Often organizing piezometric tube is four, inserts the top of same section in water-bearing zone respectively, middle part, bottom, bottom with the other end often organizing the four pressure measurement flexible pipes 30 be communicated with bottom piezometric tube.
See Fig. 1, have in elevation and subsidence regulating device be contained in simulation box upper and lower end threaded nut 31, bearing 32, with the threaded journal stirrup 33 determined head spill box or discharge casing and be connected, adjusting screw(rod) 34 one end to be stretched into through the screw thread on nut, journal stirrup successively in bearing and can be rotated.In Fig. 1, sequence number 35 is for stablize water table.
The utility model is according to the principle of analog simulation, with horizontal table water aquifer water injection well for simulated object, the characteristics of motion of underground water in table water aquifer during water filling in research diving water injection well, the clear and intuitive state presenting water movement, for research flood-pot-test provides a kind of effective means, greatly research cost can be reduced.Simultaneously, the utility model provides a kind of effective approach by studying pollutant for environmental hydrogeology area research personnel in the characteristics of Runoff of underground water and Transport, also for hydrogeologist provides reference frame in research such as the understanding artificial energy storage in a certain specific water-bearing zone, the artificial recharge of underground water etc., in Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering construction, there is important construction value.
The structure of sand launder: in diving water injection well during water filling, the table water aquifer motion that WIH is dispersed to surrounding, form a reverse water-filling funnelform (cone-shaped) and stablize water table 35(Fig. 1, Fig. 5), this process can describe with JDupuit steady flow equation.For the ease of observation experiment phenomenon, the fan groove of 35 ° is adopted to replace 360 ° of cylindrically plastids.Cylindrically plastid is similar to 360 ° for the percolation law of underground water in 35 ° of fan grooves.Fan groove is of a size of: length of side L=1.5m.Fan-shaped arc length 0.785m, groove height 0.5m.Again fan groove is fixed on rectangle reserve tank.Fan groove and rectangular box material are thick 10mm clear perspex material and make, and for meeting rigidity and the intensity of device, organic glass is all with the angle steel bound edge of thick 50mm.
Simulation water injection well: arrange water injection well in the center of circle of fan groove, water injection well lower end is to water proof base plate, and upper end communicates with air.The utility model diving water injection well is the well of 35 °, and well radius is 15cm.Borehole wall circular arc is consistent with the center of circle on fan groove circular arc border.The water filling borehole wall is the permeable borehole wall.
Simulation water-bearing zone: similar according to dynamic condition, selects particle diameter to be that the normal sand of 0.1 ~ 1mm is for the loose pore media in simulating nature circle, i.e. simulated dive water-bearing zone.
Piezometric tube (being equivalent to the observation port of occurring in nature): in the side of fan groove, spaced set 6 vertical sections, arrange piezometric tube at the upper, middle and lower of each section, the end, and the position of any two section upper, middle and lower, end piezometric tube is completely the same.Piezometric tube lower end penetrates the organic glass of fan groove side and the moisture connection of diving, and upper end communicates with air.Piezometric tube for before observing water filling, in the injecting process and water filling stablize after phreatic table situation of change.
Adopt and determine head spill box to control the flow entering water injection well,
In order to simulate the stable underground water table of table water aquifer before water filling, drain chamber being set at fan groove outer boundary, and determining head discharge casing in arranged outside.Determine head discharge casing controls table water aquifer flexibly initial underground water table by the jacking gear be fixed on outside fan groove.
Reserve tank: reserve tank is positioned at immediately below rectangular box, size: 1.8m × 0.5m × 0.35m.The PVC material of thick 10mm makes, of the angle steel bound edge of thick 50mm.Persevering flow water pump in reserve tank.For testing feedwater.
Tracer agent flow measuring system: directly over geologic body simulation box, near diving, water injection well (region of intake) place is provided with tracer agent flow measuring system, and this system is made up of for tracer agent case tracer agent ascending pipe (φ=0.5cm), steady flow.Tracer agent ascending pipe top is communicated with for tracer agent case with steady flow, and table water aquifer is directly stretched in bottom.Steady flow supplies the constant head relative height of tracer agent case to be greater than the stable supplying of water table elevation guarantee tracer agent, and steady flow is for the constant head elevation (H of tracer agent case
w) and water table elevation (H
c) difference unsuitable excessive.
Can be observed by flood-pot-test: before water filling, each observation port water level is identical, and phreatic table line is a horizontal line, during water filling, centered by water injection well, observation port water level reduces successively, forms reverse water-filling funnel.Can determine water filling radius of influence R according to the reverse water-filling funnel after stable, dynamic water level h in water injection hole, determines the coefficient of permeability K of table water aquifer.
See Fig. 1, Fig. 3, during test, with the current of tracer agent through the rainfall of simulation rain keyhole formation, its rainfall star is through Valve controlling, when rainfall amount 36 is greater than zone of saturation capillary rise height 37, rainfall will enter zone of saturation 38 and rainfall amount reaches when balancing with capillary rise height, rainfall does not just enter zone of saturation but approximate cross flow 39, and this phenomenon can reflect that the pollutant on atmospheric envelope or earth's surface can not arrive zone of saturation with rainfall, thus ensures the water security of zone of saturation.The pollution control of current China and environmental protection are had to the meaning of reality.
Claims (3)
1. phreatic well flood-pot-test device, comprise the reserve tank of band water pump, there is the simulation box of horizontal water proof base plate, shape of cross section is had to be the fan groove that central angle is at least 30 ° in simulation box, the drain chamber communicated with the circular arc pervious barrier on fan groove, the bottom being arranged in fan groove is fixed on water proof base plate and with the permeable borehole wall of circular arc of circular arc pervious barrier concentric and fan groove is separated into diving water injection well, there is the simulation chamber in water-bearing zone, be positioned on the energy of simulation box diving water injection well end, the water cavity that overflows back be positioned at outside overflow groove determined in head spill box of overflow groove that has of lower lifting is communicated with reserve tank by pipeline, the overflow groove determined in head spill box is communicated with water storage tank water pump and water injection well of diving under water respectively by pipeline, be positioned on the energy at simulation box drain chamber place, the draining backwater cavity be positioned at outside draining overflow groove that has in the discharge casing of draining overflow groove of lower lifting is communicated with reserve tank by pipeline, draining overflow groove is communicated with drain chamber by pipeline, near the position of diving water injection well, note tracer agent water tank is housed in relative analog chamber, simulation box top, note tracer agent water tank communicates with reserve tank by being with the pipeline of operation valve, note tracer agent water tank bottom plate is evenly distributed with some simulation rain holes, note tracer agent tank top has tracer agent case, tracer agent case there is the tracer agent pipe stretched in note tracer agent water tank, at least five group piezometric tube are equidistant to be vertically contained on the wall of simulation chamber, often organizing piezometric tube is four, the top of same section in water-bearing zone is inserted respectively with the other end often organizing the four pressure measurement flexible pipes be communicated with bottom piezometric tube, middle part, bottom, bottom.
2. phreatic well flood-pot-test device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that simulation box is dived under water relatively water injection well, drain chamber position be respectively arranged with elevation and subsidence regulating device, the threaded nut, the bearing that are contained in simulation box upper and lower end is had in elevation and subsidence regulating device, with the threaded journal stirrup determined head spill box or discharge casing and be connected, adjusting screw(rod) one end to be stretched into through the screw thread on nut, journal stirrup successively in bearing and can be rotated.
3. phreatic well flood-pot-test device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that the central angle in fan groove is 35 °.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420689178.7U CN204315152U (en) | 2014-11-18 | 2014-11-18 | Phreatic well flood-pot-test device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420689178.7U CN204315152U (en) | 2014-11-18 | 2014-11-18 | Phreatic well flood-pot-test device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN204315152U true CN204315152U (en) | 2015-05-06 |
Family
ID=53137455
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420689178.7U Expired - Fee Related CN204315152U (en) | 2014-11-18 | 2014-11-18 | Phreatic well flood-pot-test device |
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| CN110197611B (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2021-07-30 | 成都理工大学 | Capillary saturation zone transverse seepage demonstration instrument and demonstration method |
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Granted publication date: 20150506 Termination date: 20171118 |