CN105527310B - A kind of high molecular material thermal ageing test equipment and test method - Google Patents

A kind of high molecular material thermal ageing test equipment and test method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105527310B
CN105527310B CN201511024914.2A CN201511024914A CN105527310B CN 105527310 B CN105527310 B CN 105527310B CN 201511024914 A CN201511024914 A CN 201511024914A CN 105527310 B CN105527310 B CN 105527310B
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diaphragm seal
test chamber
clamp plate
preheating cavity
air
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CN105527310A (en
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王孝海
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Wuchuan Meijing Plastic Co., Ltd
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Chongqing Jingbang Polymer Materials Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N25/00Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means

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Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of high molecular material thermal ageing test equipment and test methods,It is related to chemical field,Including,Including babinet,Test chamber and preheating cavity are equipped in the babinet,The test chamber is more than the preheating cavity,The top of the preheating cavity is connected to annular appendix,The annular appendix is looped around the test chamber bottom setting,Multiple air admission holes are offered on the annular appendix,It is connected in multiple air admission holes and the test chamber,Each air admission hole is equipped with gas flowmeter,It is fitted with the first insulating layer on the outside of the test chamber,The annular appendix is arranged between the test chamber and first insulating layer,Thermal ageing test equipment provided by the invention is simple and efficient,It can realize to test thermal ageing test simultaneously and carry out unitary variant control,So as to more preferably study influence of the temperature for heat ageing.

Description

A kind of high molecular material thermal ageing test equipment and test method
Technical field
The present invention relates to chemical industry measurement fields, in particular to a kind of high molecular material thermal ageing test equipment and survey Method for testing.
Background technology
High molecular material is the material being made of the higher compound of relative molecular mass, including rubber, plastics, fiber, Coating, adhesive and polymer-based composite, macromolecule are forms existing for life.All life entities can be regarded as High molecular set.
High molecular material is by sources divided into natural macromolecular material and synthesis high molecular material.Natural polymer is to be present in Polymer substance in animal, plant and organism can be divided into natural fiber, natural resin, natural rubber, animal glue etc..It closes It is primarily referred to as three big synthetic material of plastics, synthetic rubber and synthetic fibers at high molecular material, includes additionally adhesive, coating And various functions high molecular material.Synthesizing high molecular material has natural macromolecular material unexistent or more superior Performance -- smaller density, higher mechanics, wearability, corrosion resistance, electrical insulating property etc..
But high molecular material is during processing, storage and use, it may appear that due to the influence of various factors, performance and The phenomenon that use value continuously decreases, this phenomenon are referred to as aging.Aging can be divided into two kinds of chemical aging and physically aged.Change It is a kind of irreversible chemical reaction to learn aging, it be molecule structure change as a result, such as plastics embrittlement, the tortoise of rubber It splits, the flavescence etc. of fiber.Chemical aging can be divided into degradation and crosslinking two types.Degradation refer to macromolecule by ultraviolet light, heat, The effect of the factors such as mechanical force and the molecule chain break occurred;Crosslinking refers to the fracture of macromolecule carbon-hydrogen link, the macromolecule of generation Free radical be combined with each other, and forms reticular structure.Degradation and crosslinking have a great impact to high molecular performance.Degradation makes macromolecule Molecular weight and molecular weight, material softening is tacky, and tensile strength and modulus reduce;Being crosslinked, which makes high molecular material be hardened, becomes fragile, under elongation Drop (see macromolecule degradation and high molecular crosslink).Physically aged is not related to the change of molecular structure, it is only due to physics is made Changed with the invertibity of generation.Such as some high molecular materials make moist after decreasing insulating, but can restore after drying.
In aging, heat ageing is a kind of aging phenomenon most commonly seen in macromolecule material aging again, studies heat ageing It is of great significance to the research of high molecular material performance, existing high molecular material heat ageing is typically in thermal ageing test case It is tested, but existing heat aging test chamber, in test, test error is larger, and testing efficiency is relatively low, influences to high score The research of sub- material heat ageing.
Invention content
In view of this, the present invention provides a kind of high molecular material thermal ageing test equipment and test methods.
High molecular material thermal ageing test equipment provided by the invention, including babinet, be equipped in the babinet test chamber and Preheating cavity, the test chamber are more than the preheating cavity, and the top of the preheating cavity is connected to annular appendix, the annular gas transmission Pipe ring is wound on test chamber bottom setting, offers multiple air admission holes on the annular appendix, multiple air admission holes with Connection in the test chamber, each air admission hole are equipped with gas flowmeter, the first guarantor are fitted on the outside of the test chamber Warm layer, the annular appendix are arranged between the test chamber and first insulating layer.
It is equipped with electrothermal tube in the preheating cavity, the second insulating layer, the electric heating pipe dish are fitted on the outside of the preheating cavity It is located in the preheating cavity, the electrothermal tube is bonded with the inner wall of the preheating cavity, and the electrothermal tube includes inlet end and outlet End, the inlet end passes through to be in communication with the outside at the top of the preheating cavity, and the outlet side is arranged in the bottom of the preheating cavity It is connected to in the preheating cavity.
The top of the babinet is equipped with multiple air vents, and each air vent includes air inlet section, wave section and air outlet section, It is connected to inside one end of the air inlet section and the test chamber, the other end of the air inlet section and one end of the wave section connect Connect, the wave section includes the bending of at least one waveform, and the other end of the wave section is connected to the air outlet section, it is described go out The other end of gas section is in communication with the outside, and the air outlet section place of being in communication with the outside is equipped with the air exchanging plug for sealing the air vent.
Suspension arrangement is additionally provided in the test chamber, the suspension arrangement includes spherical shell, rotating ball and sliding block, the spherical shell The slideway of perforation spherical shell is offered, the slideway is mutually handed over and painted, and the rotating ball is arranged in the spherical shell, the rotating ball Surface is equipped with multiple spike protrusions, and the inner wall of the spherical shell is equipped with groove corresponding with the spike protrusion, and the sliding block includes Rotating base and strut, the longitudinal section of the rotating base are semilune, and the side of the rotating base is inner concave, described turn The other side of dynamic pedestal is spherical surface, and the edge of the inner concave is equipped with gear ring, and the inner concave is coated on the outside of the rotating ball, The gear ring and the spike projections mesh, the spherical surface are bonded with the inside of the spherical shell, and the strut passes through slideway, described One end of strut is fixedly connected with the spherical surface, and the other end of the strut is equipped with fixture.
The fixture includes upper clamp plate, lower clamp plate and triangular prism fixture block, and the lower clamp plate is fixedly connected with the strut, institute Two opposite side for stating upper clamp plate are connect by tension spring with two opposite side of the lower clamp plate.
The suspension arrangement further includes hanger bar and wheel disc, is connected in described hanger bar one end and the test chamber, described The other end of hanger bar is stretched into across spherical shell in spherical shell, and the other end of the hanger bar is connect with the wheel disc, and the wheel disc is set It sets in the spherical shell, the one end of the wheel disc far from the hanger bar is equipped with tooth, and the tooth and the spike of the rotating ball are prominent Play engagement.
The incline of the triangular prism and the upper clamp plate and/or the lower clamp plate are equipped with the edge-perpendicular of tension spring, it is described on Clamping plate and/or the lower clamp plate are equipped with the groove for accommodating the triangular prism fixture block, an incline of the triangular prism fixture block It is embedded in the groove, a side and the inside of the upper clamp plate and/or the lower clamp plate for the triangular prism fixture block is flat Row.
Above-described macromolecule thermal ageing test equipment, it is preferable that the fixture further includes bolt and clamp nut, institute The edge for stating lower clamp plate is equipped with multiple bolts, and the bolt is vertical with the lower clamp plate, and the upper clamp plate is corresponding with the bolt Position be equipped with lantern ring, the bolt pass through the lantern ring, between the lantern ring and the lower clamp plate be equipped with compression spring, the compression spring It is set on the bolt, the bolt passes through one end of the lantern ring to be arranged with clamp nut.Pass through bolt and clamp nut Fixture is clamped, enables to fixture more secured to the clamping of detected materials so that detected materials are when movement It will not be slid from fixture.
Above-described macromolecule thermal ageing test equipment, it is preferable that the upper clamp plate and/or the lower clamp plate are grid Plate.Upper clamp plate and/or lower clamp plate are arranged to Turbogrid plates so that detected materials can more uniformly be heated so that detected materials Whole heat ageing is average, improves experimental precision, convenient for the solution single condition of decoupling temperature change to the old of detected materials Changing influences.
Above-described macromolecule thermal ageing test equipment, it is preferable that the electrothermal tube includes copper pipe, heating wire and third Insulating layer, the copper pipe outside are coated with third insulating layer, heating wire are arranged between the third insulating layer and the copper pipe. Also insulating layer is used to coat electrothermal tube so that electrothermal tube can improve heat exchange efficiency, subtract when being heated to air inlet Few heat leakage, consumes under same power, is more prone to air heating, air themperature increases faster.
Above-described macromolecule thermal ageing test equipment, it is preferable that be equipped in the air inlet section of the air vent and close automatically It attaches together and sets, the automatic closing device includes the first diaphragm seal and the second diaphragm seal, and the thermal strain of first diaphragm seal is more than One end of the thermal strain of second diaphragm seal, first diaphragm seal is connect with the inner wall of the air vent, and described first is close The other end of mounting is free end, and one end of second diaphragm seal is connect with the inner wall of the air vent, second sealing The other end of piece is free end, and the free end of first diaphragm seal is arc, and the free end of second diaphragm seal is arc, First diaphragm seal and second diaphragm seal are disposed adjacent, the free end of first diaphragm seal and second diaphragm seal Free end be arranged in parallel, the free end of second diaphragm seal is coated on the free end of the first diaphragm seal, first sealing A gas passage, that is, first gas passage is constituted between piece and second diaphragm seal, the gas in the air vent is only capable of leading to Cross first gas passage circulation.Due in air vent, gas must be made up of the first diaphragm seal and the second diaphragm seal first Gas passage circulates, and the thermal strain of the first diaphragm seal and the second diaphragm seal is different, when the temperature in test chamber constantly increases, first The strain of diaphragm seal is continuously increased, and is more than the strain of the second diaphragm seal, and the radian of the free end of the first diaphragm seal constantly becomes larger simultaneously And expand, the expansion speed of the expansions speed of the free end of the second diaphragm seal less than the first diaphragm seal so that the first diaphragm seal by It gradually contacts, is bonded, last first diaphragm seal is fitted closely with the second diaphragm seal completely, by first gas passage with the second diaphragm seal Sealing so that in air vent can not gas permeable realize when the temperature in test chamber reaches in this way, using automatic closing device When to high temperature, air vent is carried out automatically closed, avoids test chamber from passing through air vent and carry out heat exchange with extraneous so that The heat insulation effect of test chamber is more preferable, while the higher self sealss effect of temperature is better, easy to use.
Above-described macromolecule thermal ageing test equipment, it is preferable that first diaphragm seal is sealed against described second The side of piece is equipped with sealing strip, and second diaphragm seal is equipped with sealing strip against the side of first diaphragm seal.Pass through sealing The setting of item so that when the first diaphragm seal is that the second diaphragm seal is contacted, diaphragm seal directly contact it is even closer, Hermetic seal effect is more preferable, avoids that gas leakage occurs, reduces the gas exchanges in test chamber so that test chamber heat insulation effect is more It is good, it is energy saving.
Above-described macromolecule thermal ageing test equipment, it is preferable that the air vent is additionally provided with unidirectional air-stopping valve.Pass through When unidirectional air-stopping valve significantly more efficient can avoid test chamber from being taken a breath by air vent, cold air passes through air vent stream Enter into test chamber so that the temperature of test chamber reduces.
Above-described macromolecule thermal ageing test equipment, it is preferable that further include temperature sensor and display, the temperature It spends sensor to be arranged in the test chamber, the display is connect with the babinet.It can be timely by temperature sensor Temperature in test test chamber can intuitively observe the temperature in test chamber by the display being connect with temperature sensor Degree grasps experiment condition, controls experiment, improves experimental precision and accuracy.
Above-described macromolecule thermal ageing test equipment, it is preferable that further include timer and alarm, the timer It is connect with the alarm, the timer is connect with the babinet.The time of heating can be controlled by timer, The time is previously set, detected materials are heated, after material has heated, timer sets out the report being connect with timer Alert device sends out alarm, causes experimenter's note that terminate to test by alarm, timer and alarm Linkage setting so that macromolecule thermal ageing test equipment when in use, need not be guarded at every moment, reduce reality The labour payment for testing personnel improves the utilization rate of macromolecule thermal ageing test equipment.
A kind of test method using above-described macromolecule thermal ageing test equipment, including:
S1. detected materials are prepared, detected materials are in strip,
S2. detected materials are put into test chamber, detected materials are gripped by fixture,
S3. first preheating cavity is heated, when preheating cavity temperature reaches predetermined temperature, passes through annular appendix pair Test chamber is heated,
S4. it so that after test chamber holding certain temperature, heated at constant temperature certain time, takes a breath,
S5. after taking a breath, heated at constant temperature is carried out again, is then taken a breath again, recycle for several times,
S6. sample is taken out from test chamber to be observed.
A kind of test method using above-described macromolecule thermal ageing test equipment provided through the invention, can So that detected materials under the constant environment of a temperature, carry out only temperature and detect examination as the heat aging performance of unitary variant It tests, a variety of complex factors of macromolecule material aging will be caused to decouple, can individually study temperature to high molecular material heat The influence of aging, Efficiency is high simultaneously for research precision higher.
Compared with the existing technology, high molecular material thermal ageing test equipment and test method provided by the invention include following Advantageous effect:Including babinet, test chamber and preheating cavity are equipped in the babinet, the test chamber is more than the preheating cavity, described The top of preheating cavity is connected to annular appendix, and the annular appendix is looped around the test chamber bottom setting, the annular Multiple air admission holes are offered on appendix, are connected in multiple air admission holes and the test chamber, are set on each air admission hole There is gas flowmeter, the first insulating layer is fitted on the outside of the test chamber, the annular appendix is arranged in the test chamber Between first insulating layer.
It is fitted with the second insulating layer on the outside of the preheating cavity, the electric heating pipe dish is located in the preheating cavity, the electricity Heat pipe is bonded with the inner wall of the preheating cavity, and the electrothermal tube includes inlet end and outlet side, and the inlet end passes through described pre- It is in communication with the outside at the top of hot chamber, the outlet side is arranged to be connected in the bottom of the preheating cavity and the preheating cavity.
When in use, gas is passed into electric heating coil, by the heating of the electric heating coil to spiral so that extraneous The air entered in preheating cavity can be heated tentatively, simultaneously as electric heating coil is arranged in preheating cavity, so when electricity While hot coil heats the air in pipe, also the air in preheating cavity is heated, it in this way can more quickly So that the gas in preheating cavity reaches scheduled high temperature, after temperature reaches predetermined value, open annular appendix so that preheating One step, in this way, in preheating cavity, is first divided air to heat by the air of intracavitary even into in test chamber so that Gas in preheating cavity reaches constant temperature, is then inputting constant temperature gas into test chamber by annular appendix, is being input to test Cryogenic gas in test chamber is directly heated and is squeezed out outside test chamber, since what is conveyed into is by the constant temperature gas of intracavitary Constant temperature gas, constant temperature gas enter with the Cold air mass influence in test chamber, than directly high-temperature gas is passed into test chamber Carrying out Hybrid Heating tool, there are two benefits, on the one hand, reaches scheduled constant temperature speed faster, since preheating cavity volume is less than Test chamber, while High Efficiency Thermal of the electric heating coil in preheating cavity being coordinated to utilize so that the gas in preheating cavity quickly reaches higher Predetermined temperature, then high temperature constant temperature gas is passed into test chamber, due to gas thermostatic, even if with the air in test chamber Integrate, temperature change amplitude is also smaller, so also can be quickly reach scheduled high temperature, and faster reach permanent On the other hand temperature state is vigorously mixed since in preheating cavity, hot and cold air has already passed through, the heat entered in test chamber is empty Gas is relatively mitigated with the air ratio in test chamber, in this way, violent variation will not occur for temperature, avoids the air pair of cataclysm Impacted in the detected materials in test chamber so that detected materials only by under different constant temperatures, detected materials Other changing factors are discharged so that experimental data is more accurate in different aging conditions.
The top of the babinet is equipped with multiple air vents, and each air vent includes air inlet section, wave section and air outlet section, It is connected to inside one end of the air inlet section and the test chamber, the other end of the air inlet section and one end of the wave section connect Connect, the wave section includes the bending of at least one waveform, and the other end of the wave section is connected to the air outlet section, it is described go out The other end of gas section is in communication with the outside, and the air outlet section place of being in communication with the outside is equipped with the air exchanging plug for sealing the air vent. The air vent of wave section enables to test chamber to carry out gas exchanges with extraneous, but it is inverse to reduce cool ambient air as far as possible To situation about flowing back into test chamber, the case where ensureing to be taken a breath in test chamber in time, the temperature in ventilation lumen will not Too big fluctuation occurs, avoids having an impact experimental result.
Suspension arrangement is additionally provided in the test chamber, the suspension arrangement includes spherical shell, rotating ball and sliding block, the spherical shell The slideway of perforation spherical shell is offered, the slideway is mutually handed over and painted, and the rotating ball is arranged in the spherical shell, the rotating ball Surface is equipped with multiple spike protrusions, and the inner wall of the spherical shell is equipped with groove corresponding with the spike protrusion, and the sliding block includes Rotating base and strut, the longitudinal section of the rotating base are semilune, and the side of the rotating base is inner concave, described turn The other side of dynamic pedestal is spherical surface, and the edge of the inner concave is equipped with gear ring, and the inner concave is coated on the outside of the rotating ball, The gear ring and the spike projections mesh, the spherical surface are bonded with the inside of the spherical shell, and the strut passes through slideway, described One end of strut is fixedly connected with the spherical surface, and the other end of the strut is equipped with fixture.
The suspension arrangement further includes hanger bar and wheel disc, is connected in described hanger bar one end and the test chamber, described The other end of hanger bar is stretched into across spherical shell in spherical shell, and the other end of the hanger bar is connect with the wheel disc, and the wheel disc is set It sets in the spherical shell, the one end of the wheel disc far from the hanger bar is equipped with tooth, and the tooth and the spike of the rotating ball are prominent Play engagement.
By suspension arrangement, enables to fixture to carry detected materials and carry out multidirectional rotation, in such manner, it is possible to avoid ring When shape appendix is delivered up hot gas, the same position of detected materials is brushed for a long time so that in detected materials Compound two factors of flowing and temperature become by gas of aging action being subject to, cause result inaccurate, and utilize suspension Device so that detected materials carry out multi-direction rotation, detected materials by gas flowing influenced can be ignored, to The factor solution decoupling of heat ageing is only influenced by temperature.
The fixture includes upper clamp plate, lower clamp plate and triangular prism fixture block, and the lower clamp plate is fixedly connected with the strut, institute Two opposite side for stating upper clamp plate are connect by tension spring with two opposite side of the lower clamp plate.
The incline of the triangular prism and the upper clamp plate and/or the lower clamp plate are equipped with the edge-perpendicular of tension spring, it is described on Clamping plate and/or the lower clamp plate are equipped with the groove for accommodating the triangular prism fixture block, an incline of the triangular prism fixture block It is embedded in the groove, a side and the inside of the upper clamp plate and/or the lower clamp plate for the triangular prism fixture block is flat Row.
Meanwhile the fixture of this patent treats material clamping of measuring and monitoring the growth of standing timber, and avoids detected materials from being slid when multi-direction rotation, shadow Detection is rung, while being provided with triangular prism fixture block on fixture, using the setting of triangular prism fixture block, is realized to detected materials in fixture In self-locking due to the frictional force of itself, necessarily drive triangular prism fixture block when detected materials are slided in fixture There are a movement tendencies, and due to the shape of triangular prism, the movement tendency of triangular prism fixture block will increase triangular prism fixture block and treats again It measures and monitor the growth of standing timber the clamping of material so that triangular prism fixture block increases the pressure of detected materials, makes triangular prism fixture block again in this way and waits measuring and monitoring the growth of standing timber Pressure between material increases, and detected materials are clamped, and the self-locking of detected materials is clamped by triangular prism fixture block to realize.
Thermal ageing test equipment provided by the invention is simple and efficient, while can be realized to test thermal ageing test and be carried out list Multiple variables in experiment are decoupled out by one Variable Control so that the control in thermal ageing test experiment for temperature More accurate, so that experimental result is more accurate, variation or the constant temperature that can more accurately test out temperature are different Influence of the time to the aging of detected materials, so as to more preferably study influence of the temperature for heat ageing.
Description of the drawings
Illustrate the embodiment of the present invention or technical solution in the prior art in order to clearer, to embodiment or will show below There is attached drawing needed in technology description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this Some embodiments of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with Obtain other attached drawings according to these attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram for the high molecular material thermal ageing test equipment that first embodiment of the invention provides,
Fig. 2 is the suspension arrangement schematic diagram for the high molecular material thermal ageing test equipment that first embodiment of the invention provides,
Fig. 3 is that the part of the suspension arrangement for the high molecular material thermal ageing test equipment that first embodiment of the invention provides is cutd open Depending on schematic diagram,
Fig. 4 is putting for the automatic closing device for the high molecular material thermal ageing test equipment that first embodiment of the invention provides Big schematic diagram,
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the upper clamp plate for the high molecular material thermal ageing test equipment that first embodiment of the invention provides.
Wherein, the correspondence between reference numeral and component names is as follows:Test chamber 101, preheating cavity 102, annular are defeated Tracheae 103, air admission hole 104, the first insulating layer 105, the second insulating layer 106, electrothermal tube 107, babinet 108, air vent 109 change Vent plug 110, spherical shell 111, rotating ball 112, rotating base 113, strut 114, slideway 115, upper clamp plate 116, lower clamp plate 117, three Prism fixture block 118, tension spring 119, hanger bar 120, wheel disc 121, bolt 122, clamp nut 123, lantern ring 124, the first diaphragm seal 125, the second diaphragm seal 126, sealing strip 127, temperature sensor 128, display 129, timer 130, alarm 131.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention provides a kind of high molecular material thermal ageing test equipment and test method to improve the above problem.
It is described in further detail below by specific embodiment and in conjunction with attached drawing to the present invention.
First, second, third, etc. is difference signal in the present invention, is not to limit.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram for the high molecular material thermal ageing test equipment that first embodiment of the invention provides, and Fig. 2 is this hair The suspension arrangement schematic diagram for the high molecular material thermal ageing test equipment that bright first embodiment provides, Fig. 3 are that the present invention first is real The partial cutaway view schematic of the suspension arrangement of the high molecular material thermal ageing test equipment of example offer is applied, Fig. 4 is the present invention first The enlarged diagram of the automatic closing device for the high molecular material thermal ageing test equipment that embodiment provides, Fig. 5 are the present invention the The schematic diagram of the upper clamp plate for the high molecular material thermal ageing test equipment that one embodiment provides.As shown in Figs. 1-5, the present invention first Embodiment provides high molecular material thermal ageing test equipment, including babinet 108, and test chamber 101 and preheating cavity are equipped in babinet 108 102, test chamber 101 is more than preheating cavity 102, and the top of preheating cavity 102 is connected to annular appendix 103,103 ring of annular appendix It is wound on the setting of 101 bottom of test chamber, multiple air admission holes 104, multiple air admission holes 104 and test are offered on annular appendix 103 Connection in chamber 101, each air admission hole 104 are equipped with gas flowmeter, and 101 outside of test chamber is fitted with the first insulating layer 105, Annular appendix 103 is arranged between test chamber 101 and the first insulating layer 105.
Electrothermal tube 107 is equipped in preheating cavity 102,102 outside of preheating cavity is fitted with the second insulating layer 106, electrothermal tube 107 Disk is located in preheating cavity 102, and electrothermal tube 107 is bonded with the inner wall of preheating cavity 102, and electrothermal tube 107 includes inlet end and outlet side, Inlet end passes through the top of preheating cavity 102 to be in communication with the outside, and outlet side is arranged in the bottom of preheating cavity 102 and preheating cavity 102 Connection.
The top of babinet 108 is equipped with multiple air vents 109, and each air vent 109 includes air inlet section, wave section and outlet One end of section, air inlet section is connected to 101 inside of test chamber, and the other end of air inlet section is connect with one end of wave section, wave section packet At least one waveform bending is included, the other end of wave section is connected to air outlet section, and the other end of air outlet section is in communication with the outside, outlet The section place of being in communication with the outside is equipped with the air exchanging plug 110 for sealing air vent 109.
Suspension arrangement is additionally provided in test chamber 101, suspension arrangement includes spherical shell 111, rotating ball 112 and sliding block, spherical shell 111 The slideway 115 of perforation spherical shell 111 is offered, slideway 115 is mutually handed over and painted, and rotating ball 112 is arranged in spherical shell 111, rotating ball 112 Surface be equipped with multiple spike protrusions, the inner wall of spherical shell 111 is equipped with groove corresponding with spike protrusion, and sliding block includes rotating base 113 and strut 114, the longitudinal section of rotating base 113 is semilune, and the side of rotating base 113 is inner concave, rotating base 113 other side is spherical surface, and the edge of inner concave is equipped with gear ring, and inner concave is coated on 112 outside of rotating ball, and gear ring is prominent with spike Engagement is played, spherical surface is bonded with the inside of spherical shell 111, and strut 114 passes through slideway 115, and one end of strut 114 is fixed with spherical surface to be connected It connects, the other end of strut 114 is equipped with fixture.
Fixture includes upper clamp plate 116, lower clamp plate 117 and triangular prism fixture block 118, and lower clamp plate 117 is fixed with strut 114 to be connected It connects, two opposite side of upper clamp plate 116 are connect by tension spring 119 with two opposite side of lower clamp plate 117.
Suspension arrangement further includes hanger bar 120 and wheel disc 121, is connected to, hangs in 120 one end of hanger bar and test chamber 101 The other end of bar 120 is stretched into across spherical shell 111 in spherical shell 111, and the other end of hanger bar 120 is connect with wheel disc 121, wheel disc 121 It is arranged in spherical shell 111, the one end of wheel disc 121 far from hanger bar 120 is equipped with tooth, the spike projections mesh of tooth and rotating ball 112.
The incline of triangular prism fixture block 118 is equipped with the edge-perpendicular of tension spring 119 with upper clamp plate 116 and/or lower clamp plate 117, on Clamping plate 116 and/or lower clamp plate 117 are equipped with the groove for accommodating triangular prism fixture block 118, an incline of triangular prism fixture block 118 It is embedded in the groove of triangle, a side and the inside of upper clamp plate 116 and/or lower clamp plate 117 for triangular prism fixture block 118 is flat Row.
High molecular material thermal ageing test equipment and test method provided in this embodiment include following advantageous effect:Including Babinet 108, babinet 108 is interior to be equipped with test chamber 101 and preheating cavity 102, and test chamber 101 is more than preheating cavity 102, preheating cavity 102 Top is connected to annular appendix 103, and annular appendix 103 is looped around 101 bottom of test chamber and is arranged, on annular appendix 103 Multiple air admission holes 104 are offered, are connected in multiple air admission holes 104 and test chamber 101, each air admission hole 104 is equipped with gas stream Gauge, 101 outside of test chamber are fitted with the first insulating layer 105, and the setting of annular appendix 103 is protected in test chamber 101 and first Between warm layer 105.
102 outside of preheating cavity is fitted with the second insulating layer 106, and 107 disk of electrothermal tube is located in preheating cavity 102, electrothermal tube 107 are bonded with the inner wall of preheating cavity 102, and electrothermal tube 107 includes inlet end and outlet side, and inlet end passes through the top of preheating cavity 102 Portion is in communication with the outside, and outlet side is arranged to be connected in the bottom of preheating cavity 102 and preheating cavity 102.
When in use, gas is passed into electric heating coil, by the heating of the electric heating coil to spiral so that extraneous The air entered in preheating cavity 102 can be heated tentatively, simultaneously as electric heating coil is arranged in preheating cavity 102, institute While electric heating coil heats the air in pipe, also to heat to the air in preheating cavity 102, in this way can More quickly the gas in preheating cavity 102 is made to reach scheduled high temperature, after temperature reaches predetermined value, opens annular gas transmission Pipe 103 so that air in preheating cavity 102, in this way, in preheating cavity 102, first will even into in test chamber 101 One step divides air to be heated so that the gas in preheating cavity 102 reaches constant temperature, then by annular appendix 103 to survey It tries to input constant temperature gas, the constant temperature gas being input in test chamber 101, directly by the cryogenic gas in test chamber 101 in chamber 101 Heat and squeeze out outside test chamber 101, since what is conveyed into is constant temperature gas, constant temperature gas enter in test chamber 101 High-temperature gas, is passed into test chamber 101 that there are two benefit, a sides carrying out Hybrid Heating tool than directly by Cold air mass influence Face reaches scheduled constant temperature speed faster, since 102 volume of preheating cavity is less than test chamber 101, while coordinating electric heating coil High Efficiency Thermal in preheating cavity 102 utilizes so that the gas in preheating cavity 102 quickly reaches higher predetermined temperature, then will High temperature constant temperature gas is passed into test chamber 101, due to gas thermostatic, even if being integrated with the air in test chamber 101, and temperature Degree variation amplitude is also smaller, thus also can be quickly reach scheduled high temperature, and faster reach temperature constant state, it is another Aspect is vigorously mixed since in preheating cavity 102, hot and cold air has already passed through, enters the hot-air in test chamber 101 and survey The air ratio tried in chamber 101 relatively mitigates, in this way, violent variation will not occur for temperature, avoid the air of cataclysm for Detected materials in test chamber 101 impact so that detected materials only by under different constant temperatures, detected materials Other changing factors are discharged so that experimental data is more accurate in different aging conditions.
The top of babinet 108 is equipped with multiple air vents 109, and each air vent 109 includes air inlet section, wave section and outlet One end of section, air inlet section is connected to 101 inside of test chamber, and the other end of air inlet section is connect with one end of wave section, wave section packet At least one waveform bending is included, the other end of wave section is connected to air outlet section, and the other end of air outlet section is in communication with the outside, outlet The section place of being in communication with the outside is equipped with the air exchanging plug 110 for sealing air vent 109.The air vent 109 of wave section enables to test Chamber 101 carries out gas exchanges with extraneous, but can reduce the feelings that cool ambient air is inversely flow back into test chamber 101 as far as possible Condition, the case where ensureing to be taken a breath in test chamber 101 in time, too big fluctuation will not occur for the temperature in ventilation lumen, keep away Exempt to have an impact experimental result.
Suspension arrangement is additionally provided in test chamber 101, suspension arrangement includes spherical shell 111, rotating ball 112 and sliding block, spherical shell 111 The slideway 115 of perforation spherical shell 111 is offered, slideway 115 is mutually handed over and painted, and rotating ball 112 is arranged in spherical shell 111, rotating ball 112 Surface be equipped with multiple spike protrusions, the inner wall of spherical shell 111 is equipped with groove corresponding with spike protrusion, and sliding block includes rotating base 113 and strut 114, the longitudinal section of rotating base 113 is semilune, and the side of rotating base 113 is inner concave, rotating base 113 other side is spherical surface, and the edge of inner concave is equipped with gear ring, and inner concave is coated on 112 outside of rotating ball, and gear ring is prominent with spike Engagement is played, spherical surface is bonded with the inside of spherical shell 111, and strut 114 passes through slideway 115, and one end of strut 114 is fixed with spherical surface to be connected It connects, the other end of strut 114 is equipped with fixture.
Suspension arrangement further includes hanger bar 120 and wheel disc 121, is connected to, hangs in 120 one end of hanger bar and test chamber 101 The other end of bar 120 is stretched into across spherical shell 111 in spherical shell 111, and the other end of hanger bar 120 is connect with wheel disc 121, wheel disc 121 It is arranged in spherical shell 111, the one end of wheel disc 121 far from hanger bar 120 is equipped with tooth, the spike projections mesh of tooth and rotating ball 112.
By suspension arrangement, enables to fixture to carry detected materials and carry out multidirectional rotation, in such manner, it is possible to avoid ring When shape appendix 103 is delivered up hot gas, the same position of detected materials is brushed for a long time so that detected materials On compound two factors of flowing and temperature become by gas of the aging action that is subject to, cause result inaccurate, and utilize outstanding Hang device so that detected materials carry out multi-direction rotation, detected materials by gas flowing influenced can be ignored, from And the factor solution decoupling of heat ageing is only influenced by temperature.
The rotating base 113 of rotating ball 112 and sliding block is arranged in spherical shell 111, since rotating ball 112 is equipped with convex It rises, therefore when rotating ball 112 rotates, the rotating base 113 being bonded with rotating ball 112 can also slide simultaneously, by It is equipped with groove in spherical shell 111 so that when rotating ball 112 rotates, spike protrusion can drive 111 turns of spherical shell simultaneously It is dynamic, pass through the sliding rail on spherical shell 111 so that the strut 114 of sliding block is slided along slideway 115, since rotating ball 112 is carrying out It is 360 degree rotation when rotation, therefore can makes spherical shell 111 and sliding block that irregular sliding occur, enables to press from both sides in this way Direction as much as possible can also be occurred and rotate by holding the fixture of detected materials.
Fixture includes upper clamp plate 116, lower clamp plate 117 and triangular prism fixture block 118, and lower clamp plate 117 is fixed with strut 114 to be connected It connects, two opposite side of upper clamp plate 116 are connect by tension spring 119 with two opposite side of lower clamp plate 117.
The incline of triangular prism is equipped with the edge-perpendicular of tension spring 119, upper clamp plate 116 with upper clamp plate 116 and/or lower clamp plate 117 And/or lower clamp plate 117 is equipped with the groove for accommodating triangular prism fixture block 118, an incline of triangular prism fixture block 118 is embedded three In angular groove, a side and upper clamp plate 116 and/or the inside parallel of lower clamp plate 117 of triangular prism fixture block 118.
Meanwhile the fixture of this patent treats material clamping of measuring and monitoring the growth of standing timber, and avoids detected materials from being slid when multi-direction rotation, shadow Detection is rung, while being provided with triangular prism fixture block 118 on fixture, using the setting of triangular prism fixture block 118, is realized to detected materials Self-locking in fixture, due to the frictional force of itself, necessarily drives trigone when detected materials are slided in fixture There are a movement tendencies for column fixture block 118, and due to the shape of triangular prism, the movement tendency of triangular prism fixture block 118 will increase three again Clamping of the prism fixture block 118 to detected materials so that triangular prism fixture block 118 increases the pressure of detected materials, makes again in this way Pressure between triangular prism fixture block 118 and detected materials increases, and detected materials are clamped, and passes through triangular prism fixture block to realize The self-locking clamping of 118 pairs of detected materials.
Thermal ageing test equipment provided by the invention is simple and efficient, while can be realized to test thermal ageing test and be carried out list Multiple variables in experiment are decoupled out by one Variable Control so that the control in thermal ageing test experiment for temperature More accurate, so that experimental result is more accurate, variation or the constant temperature that can more accurately test out temperature are different Influence of the time to the aging of detected materials, so as to more preferably study influence of the temperature for heat ageing.
Further, fixture further includes bolt 122 and clamp nut 123, and the edge of lower clamp plate 117 is equipped with multiple bolts 122, bolt 122 is vertical with lower clamp plate 117, and the position corresponding with bolt 122 of upper clamp plate 116 is equipped with lantern ring 124, and bolt 122 is worn Lantern ring 124 is crossed, compression spring is equipped between lantern ring 124 and lower clamp plate 117, compression spring is set on bolt 122, and bolt 122 passes through lantern ring 124 one end is arranged with clamp nut 123.Fixture is clamped by bolt 122 and clamp nut 123, enables to press from both sides Tool is more secured to the clamping of detected materials so that detected materials will not slide when movement from fixture.
Further, upper clamp plate 116 and/or lower clamp plate 117 are Turbogrid plates.Upper clamp plate 116 and/or lower clamp plate 117 are arranged At Turbogrid plates so that detected materials can more uniformly be heated so that the heat ageing of detected materials entirety is average, improves Experimental precision influences the aging of detected materials convenient for solution decoupling temperature change single condition.
Further, electrothermal tube 107 includes copper pipe, heating wire and third insulating layer, and third heat preservation is coated on the outside of copper pipe Layer, heating wire is arranged between third insulating layer and copper pipe.Also insulating layer is used to coat electrothermal tube 107 so that electrothermal tube 107 When being heated to air inlet, heat exchange efficiency can be improved, heat leakage is reduced, consume under same power, to air plus Heat is more prone to, and air themperature increases faster.
Further, automatic closing device is equipped in the air inlet section of air vent 109, automatic closing device includes the first sealing Piece 125 and the second diaphragm seal 126, the thermal strain of the first diaphragm seal 125 are more than the thermal strain of the second diaphragm seal 126, the first sealing One end of piece 125 is connect with the inner wall of air vent 109, and the other end of the first diaphragm seal 125 is free end, the second diaphragm seal 126 One end connect with the inner wall of air vent 109, the other end of the second diaphragm seal 126 is free end, the freedom of the first diaphragm seal 125 End is arc, and the free end of the second diaphragm seal 126 is arc, and the first diaphragm seal 125 and the second diaphragm seal 126 are disposed adjacent, the The free end of one diaphragm seal 125 and the free end of the second diaphragm seal 126 are arranged in parallel, the free end cladding of the second diaphragm seal 126 A gas passage i.e. the is constituted between the free end of the first diaphragm seal 125, the first diaphragm seal 125 and the second diaphragm seal 126 One gas passage, the gas in air vent 109 are only capable of circulating by first gas passage.Since in air vent 109, gas is necessary The first gas passage circulation being made up of the first diaphragm seal 125 and the second diaphragm seal 126, the first diaphragm seal 125 and second are close The thermal strain of mounting 126 is different, and when the temperature in test chamber 101 constantly increases, the strain of the first diaphragm seal 125 is continuously increased, More than the strain of the second diaphragm seal 126, the radian of the free end of the first diaphragm seal 125 constantly becomes larger and expands, the second sealing The expansion speed of the free end of piece 126 is less than the expansion speed of the first diaphragm seal 125 so that the first diaphragm seal 125 is gradually with the Two diaphragm seals 126 contact, and fitting, last first diaphragm seal 125 is fitted closely with the second diaphragm seal 126 completely, by first gas Channel seals so that in air vent 109 can not gas permeable realize and work as test chamber 101 in this way, using automatic closing device When interior temperature reaches a high temperature, air vent 109 is carried out automatically it is closed, avoid test chamber 101 by air vent 109 with it is outer Boundary carries out heat exchange so that the heat insulation effect of test chamber 101 is more preferable, while the higher self sealss effect of temperature is better, uses letter Folk prescription is just.
Further, the first diaphragm seal 125 is equipped with sealing strip 127, the second diaphragm seal against the side of the second diaphragm seal 126 126 are equipped with sealing strip 127 against the side of the first diaphragm seal 125.Pass through the setting of sealing strip 127 so that the first diaphragm seal 125 When being that the second diaphragm seal 126 is contacted, diaphragm seal directly contacts even closer, and hermetic seal effect is more preferable, avoids Gas leakage occurs, reduces the gas exchanges in test chamber 101 so that 101 heat insulation effect of test chamber is more preferable, energy saving.
Further, air vent 109 is additionally provided with unidirectional air-stopping valve.It significantly more efficient can avoid surveying by unidirectional air-stopping valve When examination chamber 101 is taken a breath by air vent 109, cold air is flowed by air vent 109 in test chamber 101 so that The temperature of test chamber 101 reduces.
Further, further include temperature sensor 128 and display 129, the setting of temperature sensor 128 is in test chamber 101 Interior, display 129 is connect with babinet 108.The temperature in test chamber 101 can be timely tested by temperature sensor 128, led to The display 129 being connect with temperature sensor 128 is crossed, can intuitively observe the temperature in test chamber 101, grasps experiment item Part controls experiment, improves experimental precision and accuracy.
Further, further include timer 130 and alarm 131, timer 130 is connect with alarm 131, timer 130 connect with babinet 108.The time of heating can be controlled by timer 130, the time is previously set, treats and measures and monitor the growth of standing timber Material is heated, and after material has heated, the alarm 131 being connect with timer 130 that sets out of timer 130 sends out alarm Prompt, causes experimenter's note that terminate to test, the linkage of timer 130 and alarm 131 is set by alarm It sets so that macromolecule thermal ageing test equipment when in use, need not be guarded at every moment, reduce experimenter Labour payment, improve the utilization rate of macromolecule thermal ageing test equipment.
Second embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of test of the macromolecule thermal ageing test equipment using above example Method, including:
S1. detected materials are prepared, detected materials are in strip,
S2. detected materials are put into test chamber 101, detected materials are gripped by fixture,
S3. first preheating cavity 102 is heated, it is defeated by annular when 102 temperature of preheating cavity reaches predetermined temperature Tracheae 103 heats test chamber 101,
S4. it so that after the holding certain temperature of test chamber 101, heated at constant temperature certain time, takes a breath,
S5. after taking a breath, heated at constant temperature is carried out again, is then taken a breath again, recycle for several times,
S6. sample is taken out from test chamber 101 to be observed.
The test method of macromolecule thermal ageing test the equipment more than a kind of utilization provided through the invention, enables to Detected materials carry out only temperature and detect experiment as the heat aging performance of unitary variant under the constant environment of a temperature, A variety of complex factors of macromolecule material aging will be caused to decouple, can individually study temperature to high molecular material heat ageing Influence, Efficiency is high simultaneously for research precision higher.
It these are only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not intended to restrict the invention, for those skilled in the art For member, the invention may be variously modified and varied.Any modification made by all within the spirits and principles of the present invention, Equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of macromolecule thermal ageing test equipment, which is characterized in that including babinet, test chamber and preheating are equipped in the babinet Chamber, the test chamber are more than the preheating cavity, and the top of the preheating cavity is connected to annular appendix, the annular gas transmission pipe ring Be wound on test chamber bottom setting, offer multiple air admission holes on the annular appendix, multiple air admission holes with it is described Connection in test chamber, each air admission hole are equipped with gas flowmeter, the first insulating layer are fitted on the outside of the test chamber, The annular appendix is arranged between the test chamber and first insulating layer,
It is equipped with electrothermal tube in the preheating cavity, is fitted with the second insulating layer on the outside of the preheating cavity, the electric heating pipe dish is located at In the preheating cavity, the electrothermal tube is bonded with the inner wall of the preheating cavity, and the electrothermal tube includes inlet end and outlet side, institute State inlet end and be in communication with the outside at the top of the preheating cavity, the outlet side be arranged the bottom of the preheating cavity with it is described Connection in preheating cavity,
The top of the babinet is equipped with multiple air vents, and each air vent includes air inlet section, wave section and air outlet section, described It is connected to inside one end of air inlet section and the test chamber, the other end of the air inlet section is connect with one end of the wave section, institute It includes at least one waveform bending to state wave section, and the other end of the wave section is connected to the air outlet section, the air outlet section The other end be in communication with the outside, the air outlet section place of being in communication with the outside is equipped with air exchanging plug for sealing the air vent,
Suspension arrangement is additionally provided in the test chamber, the suspension arrangement includes spherical shell, rotating ball and sliding block, and the spherical shell opens up There are the slideway of perforation spherical shell, the slideway mutually to hand over and paint, the rotating ball is arranged in the spherical shell, the surface of the rotating ball Equipped with multiple spike protrusions, the inner wall of the spherical shell is equipped with groove corresponding with the spike protrusion, and the sliding block includes rotation The longitudinal section of pedestal and strut, the rotating base is semilune, and the side of the rotating base is inner concave, the rotation bottom The other side of seat is spherical surface, and the edge of the inner concave is equipped with gear ring, and the inner concave is coated on the outside of the rotating ball, described Gear ring and the spike projections mesh, the spherical surface are bonded with the inside of the spherical shell, and the strut passes through slideway, the strut One end be fixedly connected with the spherical surface, the other end of the strut is equipped with fixture,
The fixture includes upper clamp plate, lower clamp plate and triangular prism fixture block, and the lower clamp plate is fixedly connected with the strut, it is described on Two opposite side of clamping plate are connect by tension spring with two opposite side of the lower clamp plate,
The suspension arrangement further includes hanger bar and wheel disc, is connected in described hanger bar one end and the test chamber, the suspension The other end of bar is stretched into across spherical shell in spherical shell, and the other end of the hanger bar is connect with the wheel disc, and the wheel disc setting exists In the spherical shell, the one end of the wheel disc far from the hanger bar is equipped with tooth, and the tooth and the spike protrusion of the rotating ball are nibbled It closes,
The incline of the triangular prism is equipped with the edge-perpendicular of tension spring, the upper clamp plate with the upper clamp plate and/or the lower clamp plate And/or the lower clamp plate is equipped with the groove for accommodating the triangular prism fixture block, an incline of the triangular prism fixture block is embedded In the groove, a side and the upper clamp plate and/or the inside parallel of the lower clamp plate of the triangular prism fixture block;
The fixture further includes bolt and clamp nut, and the edge of the lower clamp plate is equipped with multiple bolts, the bolt with it is described Lower clamp plate is vertical, and upper clamp plate position corresponding with the bolt is equipped with lantern ring, and the bolt passes through the lantern ring, the set Compression spring is equipped between ring and the lower clamp plate, the compression spring is set on the bolt, and the bolt passes through the one of the lantern ring End cap is equipped with clamp nut;
The upper clamp plate and/or the lower clamp plate are Turbogrid plates.
2. macromolecule thermal ageing test equipment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the electrothermal tube include copper pipe, Heating wire and third insulating layer, the copper pipe outside is coated with third insulating layer, between the third insulating layer and the copper pipe It is arranged with heating wire.
3. macromolecule thermal ageing test equipment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the air inlet section of the air vent Equipped with automatic closing device, the automatic closing device includes the first diaphragm seal and the second diaphragm seal, first diaphragm seal Thermal strain is more than the thermal strain of second diaphragm seal, and one end of first diaphragm seal is connect with the inner wall of the air vent, The other end of first diaphragm seal is free end, and one end of second diaphragm seal is connect with the inner wall of the air vent, institute The other end for stating the second diaphragm seal is free end, and the free end of first diaphragm seal is arc, second diaphragm seal from By holding as arc, first diaphragm seal and second diaphragm seal are disposed adjacent, the free end of first diaphragm seal and institute The free end for stating the second diaphragm seal is arranged in parallel, and the free end of second diaphragm seal is coated on the free end of the first diaphragm seal, A gas passage, that is, first gas passage is constituted between first diaphragm seal and second diaphragm seal, in the air vent Gas be only capable of circulating by first gas passage.
4. macromolecule thermal ageing test equipment according to claim 3, which is characterized in that first diaphragm seal is against institute The side for stating the second diaphragm seal is equipped with sealing strip, and second diaphragm seal is equipped with sealing against the side of first diaphragm seal Item.
5. macromolecule thermal ageing test equipment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the air vent is additionally provided with unidirectionally Air-stopping valve.
6. macromolecule thermal ageing test equipment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include temperature sensor and aobvious Show that device, the temperature sensor are arranged in the test chamber, the display is connect with the babinet.
7. macromolecule thermal ageing test equipment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include timer and alarm Device, the timer are connect with the alarm, and the timer is connect with the babinet.
8. a kind of test method using the macromolecule thermal ageing test equipment described in claim 1-7 any one, feature It is, including:
S1. detected materials are prepared, detected materials are in strip,
S2. detected materials are put into test chamber, detected materials are gripped by fixture,
S3. first preheating cavity is heated, when preheating cavity temperature reaches predetermined temperature, by annular appendix to test Chamber is heated,
S4. it so that after test chamber holding certain temperature, heated at constant temperature certain time, takes a breath,
S5. after taking a breath, heated at constant temperature is carried out again, is then taken a breath again, recycle for several times,
S6. sample is taken out from test chamber to be observed.
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CN109342700A (en) * 2018-08-20 2019-02-15 中国纺织科学研究院有限公司 Long filament ageing properties test macro and method
CN109580462A (en) * 2018-11-16 2019-04-05 国网天津市电力公司电力科学研究院 A kind of suspension type insulating materials thermal aging test fixture
CN109569746A (en) * 2018-12-31 2019-04-05 盐城蓝天试验设备有限公司 A kind of ventilation type mould test chamber
CN113504256B (en) * 2021-05-20 2022-11-25 通标标准技术服务(天津)有限公司 High polymer material thermal aging test equipment and test method

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Patentee before: CHONGQING JINGBANG POLYMER MATERIALS Co.,Ltd.