CN105519273B - A kind of layer by layer manuring subsoiling seeder - Google Patents
A kind of layer by layer manuring subsoiling seeder Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105519273B CN105519273B CN201610081243.1A CN201610081243A CN105519273B CN 105519273 B CN105519273 B CN 105519273B CN 201610081243 A CN201610081243 A CN 201610081243A CN 105519273 B CN105519273 B CN 105519273B
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- seed
- fertilizer
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- hole
- seed metering
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- 238000009332 manuring Methods 0.000 title abstract 4
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 132
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 69
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims description 47
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 241000721671 Ludwigia Species 0.000 description 3
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/04—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
- A01B49/06—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools for sowing or fertilising
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
- A01C5/06—Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
- A01C5/062—Devices for making drills or furrows
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
- A01C5/06—Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
- A01C5/066—Devices for covering drills or furrows
- A01C5/068—Furrow packing devices, e.g. press wheels
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Sowing (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to agricultural mechanical field, more particularly to a kind of layer by layer manuring subsoiling seeder, including frame (1), blower fan (13), subsoiling mechanism (5), fertilizing mechanism, sowing mechanism and ground actuation (17)；Sowing mechanism includes blowing-type metering device (8) and parallel four-bar linkage.Layer by layer manuring subsoiling seeder of the invention, not only increases the operating efficiency of equipment, is more beneficial for breaking hard plough sole, chesson, improves the water-holding capacity of soil, promotes the growth of crop root.Using layer by layer manuring, each layer of regulation of dose is capable of achieving, can be applied fertilizer according to the fertilizer requirement of crop different growth periods, be conducive to the utilization rate of the growth of crop and the fertilizer of raising.Using new blowing-type metering device, when there is knocking kind of situation, facilitate the dismounting of feed mechanism for seed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a layered fertilizing and deep scarification seeder.
Background
For a long time, because of insufficient power, most areas in China adopt rotary tillage to prepare soil, the operation mode is mostly small-sized operation, the soil preparation depth can not meet the requirement, and a tractor enters the ground for multiple times and rolls to compact the soil, thereby forming a thicker plough bottom layer. The combined operation machine can complete multiple operations at one time, reduce the times of the tractor entering the ground and lighten the compaction to the soil. Therefore, the development of the combined operation machine is a powerful guarantee for solving the soil compaction and improving the soil condition.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a layered fertilization and deep scarification seeder which can complete multiple operations of deep scarification and soil preparation, layered fertilization, ditching and seeding, soil covering, pressing and the like at one time.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a layered fertilization subsoiling seeder comprises a frame 1, a fan 13, a subsoiling mechanism 5, a fertilizing mechanism, a seeding mechanism and a land wheel driving mechanism 17; wherein,
the seeding mechanism comprises an air-blowing type seeding apparatus 8 and a parallel four-bar linkage mechanism;
the air-blowing type seed metering device 8 comprises a seed metering device shell cover 809, a seed metering device shell 810, a seed metering shaft 804, a seed metering disc quick dismounting device and a seed cleaning knife position adjusting device;
the seeding unit shell 810 is formed by a feed hopper 811 and a cylindrical shell 813 in an integrated manner;
the seed cleaning knife position adjusting device comprises a seed cleaning knife 701, a seed cleaning knife shaft 702, a seed cleaning knife position adjusting handle 703, a seed cleaning knife stud 705, a seed cleaning knife position adjusting spring 706 and a shaft clamp 709;
a circular hole 708 is formed at the bottom of the cylindrical shell 813 and fixedly connected with a boss 707, an arc groove 704 is formed on the circumference of the bottom of the cylindrical shell 813 with the circular hole 708 as the center of a circle, and a seed metering device fixing boss 814 is fixedly connected to the back of the cylindrical shell 813; a threaded connecting hole is formed in the seed metering device fixing boss 814, and the air-blowing type seed metering device 8 is connected with the parallel four-bar linkage 10 through the seed metering device fixing boss 814 through a bolt;
the seed cleaning knife shaft 702 passes through a round hole 708 on the cylindrical shell 813 and is fixed at the back of the cylindrical shell 813 by a shaft clamp 709; a seed cleaning knife stud 705 passes through the arc groove 704, and a seed cleaning knife position adjusting handle 703 is connected to the back of the cylindrical shell 813 through threads; one end of the seed cleaning knife 701 is fixedly connected to the seed cleaning knife shaft 702, and the other end of the seed cleaning knife 701 is fixedly connected to the seed cleaning knife stud 705;
a certain gap is reserved between the shaft clamp 709 and the back surface of the cylindrical shell 813; one end of a seed cleaning knife position adjusting spring 706 is hung on the seed cleaning knife shaft 702, and the other end is hung on the boss 707;
the seed plate quick dismounting device comprises a seed plate 801, a seed plate spring 806, a limiting gasket 807 and a self-locking pin 808;
wherein, the seeding plate 801 formed by the disc and the ring in one piece has a central hole 822, a positioning hole 803, a plurality of grooves 802 and a shaped hole; the grooves 802 are arranged along the circumferential direction of the disc of the seed plate 801, the two positioning holes 803 are symmetrically arranged relative to the central hole 822, the shaped holes are arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the circular ring of the seed plate 801 in a penetrating manner, the inner circumferential surface of the circular ring on one side of the seed plate 801 is provided with seed cleaning knife grooves for accommodating the seed cleaning knives 701 along the penetrating shaped holes, and the circumferential edge of the central hole on the other side of the seed plate 801 is provided with a central hole protrusion 823;
a row of shaft discs are arranged along the outer circumference of the seeding shaft 804 at a certain distance from the shaft end part at one end of the seeding shaft 804, and two positioning pins 805 are fixedly connected with the circumferential direction of the seeding shaft discs; the central hole 822 of the seed plate 801 is sleeved on the seed shaft 804 and is abutted against the seed shaft disc, and the positioning pin 805 on the seed shaft disc passes through the positioning hole 803 of the seed plate 801;
the other end of the seeding shaft 804 passes through the central hole at the bottom of the cylindrical shell 813;
the seed plate spring 806 is arranged outside the central hole protuberance 823 and between the seed shaft disk and the limiting gasket 807, a hole is formed at the shaft end part of the seed shaft 804, and the self-locking pin 808 penetrates through the hole and is fixed on the seed shaft 804.
The fertilizing mechanism comprises fertilizer boxes 14, a fertilizer pipe 15 and a layered fertilizer applicator 16, wherein the two fertilizer boxes 14 are fixed on the rack 1 and are respectively positioned on two sides of the fan 13;
layered fertilizer applicator 16 comprises adjustable fertilizer groove 1601, chute 1602, fertilizer groove lug 1603, bolt 1604, bottom layer fertilizer piece 1605, fertilizer inlet pipe 1606, fertilizer pipe fixing plate 1607 and fertilizer pipe 1608;
fertilizer inlet pipe 1606 is fixed on the upper end of fertilizer pipe 1608, the upper end and the lower end of fertilizer pipe 1608 are through, one side of fertilizer pipe 1608 is opened with a plurality of fertilizer holes 1609, the other side is fixed with fertilizer fixing plate 1607, layered fertilizer applicator 16 is fixed on subsoiler 2 through fertilizer fixing plate 1607, under the lower edge of fertilizer hole 1609 except for the lowest fertilizer hole 1609, on fertilizer pipe 1608 is fixed with slide slot 1602, one end of adjustable fertilizer slot 1601 is inserted into fertilizer hole 1609 along the lower edge and the side of fertilizer hole 1609, the other end lower part is fixed with fertilizer slot 1603, fertilizer slot 1603 is set in slide slot 1602 through bolt 1604. Bottom layer fertilizer piece 1605 is inserted into and fixed in lowest fertilizing hole 1609 along the lower edge of lowest fertilizing hole 1609 and closes the lower end of fertilizing tube 1608, and fertilizer box 14 is connected with fertilizer feeding tube 1606 through fertilizer tube 15.
A positioning boss 816 and a hook 817 are oppositely arranged on the outer side of the circumference of the seed metering device shell cover 809; a positioning hole 819 is formed on the positioning boss 816, a groove is formed on the inner surface of the positioning boss 816, and a protrusion part is arranged on the outer surface of the positioning boss 816;
a connecting boss 815 and a connecting shaft 812 are arranged on the outer side of the circumference of the cylindrical shell 813 and correspond to a positioning boss 816 and a hook 817 which are oppositely arranged on the outer side of the circumference of the seed metering device shell cover 809 respectively; the connecting boss 815 is provided with a linear limiting hole 818;
the seed meter shell cover 809 and the seed meter shell 810 are buckled together to form a closed chamber, and a hook 817 on the seed meter shell cover 809 is hung on a connecting shaft 812 of the seed meter shell 810 to form a rotary connection.
The air-blowing seed metering device 8 further comprises a seed metering device shell cover opening device 9, and the seed metering device shell cover opening device 9 comprises an opening device stud 901, an opening device adjusting handle 902, a stud pin shaft 903, a stud gasket 904 and a stud spring 905; wherein, the opening device stud 901 passes through the boss 816 of the seed metering device shell cover 809 and the linear limiting hole 818 of the connecting boss 815 of the seed metering device shell 810; one end of an opening device stud 901 is fixedly connected with an opening device adjusting handle 902, the other end of the opening device stud 901 is provided with a hole, and a stud pin shaft 903 penetrates through the hole to be arranged; the opening device stud 901 is sleeved with a stud gasket 904 and a stud spring 905, one end of the stud spring 905 is fixed on the protruding part of the positioning boss 816 of the seeding unit shell cover 809, and the other end of the stud spring is in contact with the stud gasket 904.
The number of the seed discharging disc grooves 802 is four.
The number of the fertilizing holes 1609 is three, and the number of the fertilizing fixing plates 1607 is two.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the layered fertilizing and deep scarification seeder provided by the invention not only improves the operation efficiency of the machine, but also is more beneficial to breaking a hard plough bottom layer and loosening soil, improves the water storage capacity of the soil and promotes the growth of crop roots. The application of the fertilizer in layers can realize the adjustment of the application amount of each layer, and the fertilizer can be applied according to the fertilizer requirements of different growth periods of crops, thereby being beneficial to the growth of the crops and improving the utilization rate of the fertilizer. Adopt neotype air-blast formula seed metering ware, when appearing the condition of knocking with a slow fire, make things convenient for the dismantlement of seed metering ware.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the general structure of the layered fertilizing and deep scarification seeder of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of the layered fertilizing and deep-loosening seeder of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a subsoiling mechanism of the layered fertilization subsoiling seeder of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the subsoiling mechanism of the layered fertilizing and subsoiling planter of the present invention in further detail;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a layered fertilizer applicator of the layered fertilizing and deep scarification seeder of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a fertilizing tube of the layered fertilizing and deep-loosening seeder of the present invention;
FIG. 7a is the back view of the seed plate of the layered deep scarification and fertilization seeder of the present invention;
FIG. 7b is the front view of the seed plate of the layered deep scarification and fertilization seeder of the present invention;
FIG. 8a is a schematic view of the structure of the seed-metering device housing of the layered fertilizing and subsoiling seeding machine of the present invention;
FIG. 8b is a detail view of the attachment boss of the seed meter housing of the present layered fertilizing and subsoiling planter;
FIG. 8c is a detail view of the feed hopper of the seed meter housing of the layered fertilizing and subsoiling planter of the present invention;
FIG. 9a is a schematic view of the structure of the seed meter housing cover of the layered fertilizing and subsoiling seeder of the present invention;
FIG. 9b is a detail view of the positioning boss of the seed meter housing cover of the present layered fertilizing and subsoiling planter;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing the installation of the internal structure of the air-blowing type seed sowing device of the layered fertilizing and subsoiling seeder of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the installation of the seed meter housing and seed meter housing cover of the present layered fertilizing and subsoiling planter;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the seed meter housing cover opening device of the layered fertilizing and subsoiling seeder of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a seed metering device of the layered fertilizing and subsoiling seeder of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view showing the adjustment of the position of the seed cleaning knife of the layered fertilizing and deep scarification seeding machine of the invention;
FIG. 15a is a schematic view of a parallel four-bar linkage copying mechanism of the layered fertilizing and deep-loosening seeder of the present invention;
FIG. 15b is a schematic structural view of a rear connecting rod of the layered fertilizing and deep scarification seeding machine of the invention;
FIG. 16 is a schematic view of a land wheel driving mechanism of the layered fertilizing and deep scarification seeding machine of the invention;
FIG. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a fertilizer box of the layered fertilizing and deep-loosening seeder.
Reference numerals:
1 frame 2 subsoiler 3 subsoiler mounts
Limiting hole 502 of deep scarification mechanism of 4 front press wheels 5
Front press wheel spring of front press wheel fixed plate 6 of front press wheel movable plate 504 of 503
7 seed cleaning knife position adjusting device 701 seed cleaning knife 702 seed cleaning knife shaft
703 seed cleaning knife position adjusting handle 704 arc groove 705 seed cleaning knife stud
706 clear kind sword position control spring 707 boss 708 round hole
709 axle clamp 8 air-blowing type seeding apparatus 801 seeding plate
802 seed plate groove 803 positioning hole 804 seed shaft
805 positioning pin 806 seed metering disc spring 807 limit spacer
808 self-locking pins 809 seed meter shell cover 810 seed meter shell
811 feed hopper 812 connecting shaft 813 cylindrical shell
814 seed metering device fixing boss 815 connecting boss 816 positioning boss
817 hook 818 linear limiting hole 819 positioning hole
820 upper opening 821 lower opening 822 central bore
9 seed meter shell cover opening device 901 opening device stud 902 opening device adjusting handle
903 stud pin shaft 904 stud gasket 905 stud spring
Front connecting rod of upper connecting rod 1002 of 10 parallel four-connecting rod 1001
1003 lower link 1004 rear link 1005 link spring
1006 sleeve 1007 arc plate 1008 seed guide tube fixing plate
1009 seed metering device fixed plate 11 seed box 12 seed guide tube
13 blower 14 fertilizer box 1401 fertilizer apparatus
1402 fertilizer-discharging shaft 15 fertilizer tube 16 layered fertilizer applicator
1601 Adjustable fertilizing slot 1602 chute 1603 fertilizing slot lug
1604 bolt 1605 bottom layer fertilizer sheet 1606 fertilizer feeding pipe
1607 Fertilizer tube fixing plate 1608 fertilizer tube 1609 fertilizer hole
17 ground wheel driving mechanism 1701 driven shaft 1702 bevel gear reducer
1703 land wheel 1704 row spacing adjusting device 1705 driving shaft
18-connecting-plate 19-pressing-wheel 20 ditching device
21 passive anti-blocking device 823 central hole protuberance
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in figures 1 and 2, the layered fertilizing and deep loosening seeder comprises a frame 1, a fan 13, a deep loosening mechanism 5, a fertilizing mechanism, a seeding mechanism and a land wheel driving mechanism 17.
The layered fertilizing and deep scarification seeder is suspended at three points, and the fan 13 is arranged on the rack 1 through a fan rack.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the subsoiler 5 includes a subsoiler 2, a subsoiler holder 3, a front press wheel 4, a front press wheel movable plate 503, a front press wheel holder plate 504 and a front press wheel spring 6.
Wherein, the sub-soiling shovel fixing frame 3 is arranged on a beam of the frame 1. The first end and the subsoiler mount 3 fixed connection of preceding press wheel fixed plate 504, the second end of preceding press wheel fixed plate 504 is articulated through the round pin axle with the first end of preceding press wheel fly leaf 503, and the second end of preceding press wheel fly leaf 503 is connected with the shaft of preceding press wheel 4.
The front press wheel movable plate 503 and the front press wheel fixing plate 504 are respectively a pair of plates with a plurality of spring connecting shafts in the middle. The hinged end of the front press wheel movable plate 503 and the front press wheel fixing plate 504 is provided with a limiting hole 502. When the layered fertilizing and subsoiling seeder does not carry out field operation, the front press wheel movable plate 503 and the front press wheel fixing plate 504 are fixed by fixing bolts through the limiting holes 502, and the front press wheel 4 is limited to float up and down.
Two ends of the front press wheel spring 6 are respectively hung on spring connecting shafts arranged on the front press wheel movable plate 503 and the front press wheel fixed plate 504. Preceding press wheel 4 carries out the suppression to the soil of the dark pine in the place ahead under the pulling force effect of preceding press wheel spring 6, avoids the seed to fall into in the darker soil.
The subsoiler 2 is fixed at the lower end of the subsoiler fixing frame 3 through bolts.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 5 and 6, the fertilizing mechanism comprises a fertilizer box 14, a fertilizer pipe 15 and a layered fertilizer applicator 16.
Wherein, two fertilizer boxes 14 are fixed on the frame 1 and respectively positioned at two sides of the fan 13. Layered fertilizer applicator 16 includes adjustable fertilizer groove 1601, spout 1602, fertilizer groove ear 1603, bolt 1604, bottom layer fertilizer piece 1605, fertilizer inlet pipe 1606, fertilizer pipe fixed plate 1607 and fertilizer pipe 1608.
The fertilizer inlet tube 1606 is fixed on the upper end of the fertilizer tube 1608, the upper end and the lower end of the fertilizer tube 1608 are through, one side of the fertilizer tube 1608 is provided with a plurality of fertilizer holes 1609, and the other side is fixed with a fertilizer fixing plate 1607. In this embodiment, three fertilizing holes 1609 are preferred, and two fertilizing fixing plates 1607 are preferred. The layered fertilizer applicator 16 is fixedly connected to the subsoiler 2 through a fertilizer application fixing plate 1607, and performs fertilizer application operation in the field through the subsoiler 2. A sliding groove 1602 is fixedly connected to a fertilizing pipe 1608 below the lower edge of a fertilizing hole 1609 except for the lowest fertilizing hole 1609, one end of an adjustable fertilizing groove 1601 is inserted into the fertilizing hole 1609 along the lower edge and the side edge of the fertilizing hole 1609, a fertilizing groove lug 1603 is fixedly connected to the lower portion of the other end of the adjustable fertilizing groove, and the fertilizing groove lug 1603 is slidably arranged in the sliding groove 1602 through a bolt 1604. Bottom fertilizer pieces 1605 are inserted into and fixed to the lowermost fertilizing holes 1609 along the lower edges of the lowermost fertilizing holes 1609 and close the lower ends of the fertilizing tubes 1608, preventing fertilizer from flowing out of the lower ends of the fertilizing tubes 1608. The fertilizer box 14 is connected with the fertilizer feeding pipe 1606 through a fertilizer pipe 15. In operation, fertilizer in the fertilizer box 14 falls through the fertilizer pipe 15 into the layered fertilizer applicator 16 and is discharged through the fertilizer holes 1609. When the fertilizing amount needs to be adjusted, bolt 1604 is loosened, sliding chute 1602 is used as a sliding rail to drive adjustable fertilizer groove 1601 to slide in fertilizing hole 1609 to adjust the fertilizing amount, bolt 1604 is fixed, and the fertilizing amount is adjusted.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the seeding mechanism comprises an air-blowing seed sowing device 8, a parallel four-bar linkage mechanism, a seed box 11, a seed guiding pipe 12, a passive anti-blocking device 21 and a ditching device 20.
As shown in fig. 2, 15a and 15b, the parallelogram linkage includes parallelogram linkages 10, link plates 18 and press wheels 19. The four-bar parallel linkage 10 comprises an upper linkage 1001, a front linkage 1002, a lower linkage 1003, a rear linkage 1004 and a linkage spring 1005, wherein the upper linkage 1001, the front linkage 1002, the lower linkage 1003 and the rear linkage 1004 are hinged together to form a four-bar parallel linkage structure, and two ends of the linkage spring 1005 are respectively hung on the upper linkage 1001 and the lower linkage 1003. The rear connecting rod 1004 comprises a sleeve 1006, an arc plate 1007, a seed guide fixing plate 1008 and a seed meter fixing plate 1009, wherein the sleeve 1006 and the arc plate 1007 are arranged on the front side of the rear connecting rod 1004, and the seed guide fixing plate 1008 and the seed meter fixing plate 1009 are arranged on the rear side of the rear connecting rod 1004.
The front connecting rod 1002 is fixed on the rear beam of the frame 1 through a U-shaped bolt, so that the whole sowing mechanism is fixed on the frame 1. The air-blown seed meter 8 is mounted on the seed meter fixing plate 1009 of the rear link 1004, and the seed box 11 is mounted above the air-blown seed meter 8. The upper end of the connecting plate 18 is fixed on an arc plate 1007 of the rear connecting rod 1004, the middle part of the connecting plate 18 is hinged at the lower end of the rear connecting rod 1004, and the lower end of the connecting plate 18 is connected with the axle of the press wheel 19.
The ditching device 20 is connected in a sleeve 1006 of the rear connecting rod 1004 through a bolt, and the passive anti-blocking device 21 is arranged on the ditching device 20. A seed guide pipe 12 is arranged below the seed falling area of the air-blowing type seed metering device 8, and the seed guide pipe 12 is fixed on a seed guide connecting plate 1008 on the rear connecting rod 1004.
The air-blowing seed metering device 8 has a quick disassembling function, and as shown in fig. 7 to 11, the air-blowing seed metering device 8 comprises a seed metering device shell cover 809, a seed metering device shell 810, a seed metering device shell cover opening device 9, a seed metering shaft 804, a seed metering disc quick disassembling device and a seed cleaning knife position adjusting device.
Circumferentially outward of the seed meter housing cap 809 are oppositely disposed a locating boss 816 and a hook 817. The positioning boss 816 is provided with a positioning hole 819, the inner surface of the positioning boss 816 is provided with a receiving groove for receiving the stud pin 903, and the outer surface of the positioning boss 816 is provided with a protrusion.
Seed meter housing 810 is integrally formed from feed hopper 811 and cylindrical housing 813. The feed hopper 811 has an upper opening 820 and a lower opening 821, and the lower opening 821 is communicated with the cylindrical housing 813. The outer circumference of the cylindrical shell 813 is provided with a connecting boss 815 and a connecting shaft 812, which correspond to a positioning boss 816 and a hook 817 oppositely arranged on the outer circumference of the seed-metering device shell cover 809. The connecting boss 815 is provided with a linear limiting hole 818.
The seed meter shell cover 809 and the seed meter shell 810 are buckled together to form a closed chamber, and a hook 817 on the seed meter shell cover 809 is hung on a connecting shaft 812 of the seed meter shell 810 to form a rotary connection, so that the seed meter shell cover 809 can be opened and closed through rotation.
As shown in fig. 12, the seed meter housing cover opening device 9 includes an opening device stud 901, an opening device adjustment handle 902, a stud pin shaft 903, a stud washer 904, and a stud spring 905. Wherein the opening device stud 901 passes through the boss 816 of the seed meter housing cover 809 and the linear spacing hole 818 of the connection boss 815 of the seed meter housing 810. One end of the opening device stud 901 is fixedly connected with an opening device adjusting handle 902, the other end of the opening device stud 901 is provided with a hole, and a stud pin 903 penetrates through the hole to be arranged. The opening device stud 901 is sleeved with a stud gasket 904 and a stud spring 905, one end of the stud spring 905 is fixed on the protruding part of the positioning boss 816 of the seeding unit shell cover 809, and the other end of the stud spring is in contact with the stud gasket 904.
During normal operation, the stud pin 903 is clamped in a linear limiting hole 818 of the seed metering device shell 810, and the seed metering device shell cover 809 and the seed metering device shell 810 are pressed tightly through the stud spring 905. When the seed metering device shell cover 809 needs to be opened, the opening device adjusting handle 902 is rotated to drive the opening device stud 901 and the stud pin shaft 903 to rotate, so that the stud pin shaft 903 passes through the linear limiting hole 818 to open the seed metering device shell cover 809. The stud pin 903 passes through the positioning hole 819 to prevent the stud pin 903 from leaving the seed meter housing cover 809 and to receive the stud pin 903 in a receiving groove in the inner surface of the positioning boss 816.
As shown in fig. 8a, 13 and 14, the seed cleaning knife position adjusting device comprises a seed cleaning knife 701, a seed cleaning knife shaft 702, a seed cleaning knife position adjusting handle 703, a seed cleaning knife stud 705, a seed cleaning knife position adjusting spring 706 and a shaft clamp 709.
The bottom of the barrel-shaped shell 813 is provided with a circular hole 708 and is fixedly connected with a boss 707, the circumference of the bottom of the barrel-shaped shell 813, which takes the circular hole 708 as the center of a circle, is provided with an arc groove 704, and the back of the barrel-shaped shell 813 is fixedly connected with a seed metering device fixing boss 814. A threaded connection hole is formed in the seed metering device fixing boss 814, and the air-blowing type seed metering device 8 is connected with a seed metering device fixing plate 1009 of the parallel four-bar linkage 10 through the seed metering device fixing boss 814 by a bolt.
The seed cleaning knife shaft 702 passes through a round hole 708 on the cylindrical shell 813 and is fixed on the back of the cylindrical shell 813 by a shaft clamp 709. The seed cleaning knife stud 705 passes through the arc groove 704, and the back of the cylindrical shell 813 is connected with a seed cleaning knife position adjusting handle 703 through threads. The seed cleaning knife stud 705 can slide in the arc groove 704, so that the position of the seed cleaning knife 701 is controlled, and the seed discharging plate 801 is convenient to detach. One end of the seed cleaning knife 701 is fixedly connected to the seed cleaning knife shaft 702, and the other end is fixedly connected to the seed cleaning knife stud 705.
A certain gap is reserved between the shaft clamp 709 and the back surface of the cylindrical shell 813, so that the seed cleaning cutter shaft 702 can rotate in the round hole 708. One end of a seed cleaning knife position adjusting spring 706 is hung on the seed cleaning knife shaft 702, and the other end is hung on a boss 707.
As shown in FIGS. 7a and 7b and FIG. 10, the quick-release mechanism for the seed plate comprises a seed plate 801, a seed plate spring 806, a limiting washer 807 and a self-locking pin 808.
The seeding plate 801 formed by the disc and the ring integrally has a central hole 822, a positioning hole 803, a plurality of seeding plate grooves 802 and a shaped hole. The plurality of seed plate grooves 802 are arranged along the circumferential direction of the circular plate of the seed plate 801, the two positioning holes 803 are symmetrically arranged relative to the central hole 822, and the plurality of shaped holes are arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the circular ring of the seed plate 801 in a penetrating manner. The inner circumferential surface of the circular ring at one side of the seed plate 801 is provided with a seed cleaning blade groove for accommodating the seed cleaning blade 701 along a through hole, and the circumferential edge of the central hole at the other side of the seed plate 801 is provided with a central hole bulge 823. The seed plate grooves 802 are used for facilitating the removal of the seed plate 801, and in the embodiment, the seed plate grooves 802 are preferably four.
A row of shaft discs are arranged at a certain distance from the shaft end part at one end of the seeding shaft 804 along the outer circumference of the seeding shaft 804, and two positioning pins 805 are fixedly connected with the circumference of each seed shaft disc. The central hole 822 of the seed plate 801 is sleeved on the seed shaft 804 and is abutted against the seed shaft disk, and the positioning pin 805 on the seed shaft disk passes through the positioning hole 803 of the seed plate 801.
The other end of the seeding shaft 804 passes through the central hole at the bottom of the cylindrical shell 813, and a seeding shaft driving chain wheel is arranged on the part of the seeding shaft 804 passing through the central hole at the bottom of the cylindrical shell 813.
The seed plate spring 806 is disposed outside the central aperture protrusion 823, between the seed shaft disk and the limiting washer 807. The end of the seeding shaft 804 is provided with a hole, and a self-locking pin 808 passes through the hole and is fixed on the seeding shaft 804. Thereafter, the seed meter housing cap 809 is closed.
The steps of disassembling the seed plate 801 are:
1. opening the seed meter housing cover 809;
2. sliding the seed cleaning knife position adjusting handle 703 along the arc groove 704, and moving out the seed cleaning knife 701 clamped in the seed sowing plate 801;
3. the self-locking pin 808, the limiting gasket 807, the seed plate spring 806 and the seed plate 801 are taken down by the seed shaft 804 in sequence;
4. the seed cleaning knife position adjusting handle 703 is loosened, and the seed cleaning knife 701 is restored to the original position under the action of the seed cleaning knife position adjusting spring 706.
As shown in fig. 1, 16 and 17, two ground wheel driving mechanisms 17 are distributed on the rear beam of the frame 1, and the ground wheel driving mechanisms 17 comprise ground wheels 1703, bevel gear reducers 1702, planting distance adjusting devices 1704, driving shafts 1705 and driven shafts 1701.
The land wheel 1703 is rotationally connected with the lower ends of the fixing plates at two sides through a land wheel shaft, the upper ends of the fixing plates are fixed on a rear beam of the rack 1, a bevel gear reducer 1702 is installed at one side of one of the fixing plates, and the land wheel shaft of the land wheel 1703 is connected with the power input end of the bevel gear reducer 1702; a driving shaft 1705 passes through a bevel gear reducer 1702, two fixing plates, a planting distance adjusting device 1704 and a front connecting rod 1002, the planting distance adjusting device 1704 is fixed on a rear beam of the frame 1, and a driven shaft 1701 passes through the front connecting rod 1002 and the planting distance adjusting device 1704; a plurality of chain wheels are installed on the driven shaft 1701, and the chain wheels on the driven shaft 1701 are connected with the seed shaft driving chain wheels on the seed shaft 804 of the air-blowing seed metering device 8 through chains. Here, the driving shaft 1705 and the driven shaft 1701 are both hexagonal shafts.
When the pneumatic seeding device works, the rotation of the land wheel 1703 drives the driving shaft 1705 to rotate through the bevel gear reducer 1702, the driving shaft 1705 drives the driven shaft 1701 to rotate through the plant spacing adjusting device, and the driven shaft 1701 drives the seeding shaft 804 of the pneumatic seeding device 8 to rotate in a chain transmission mode, so that seeding is realized.
The fertilizer box 14 is provided with a fertilizer apparatus 1401 and a fertilizer shaft 1402, the fertilizer shaft 1402 is arranged on the fertilizer box 14, the fertilizer apparatus 1401 penetrates through the fertilizer shaft 1402 and is connected with the fertilizer box 14, a fertilizer shaft driving chain wheel is arranged on the fertilizer shaft 1402, and the fertilizer shaft driving chain wheel on the fertilizer shaft 1402 is connected with a chain wheel on a driven shaft 1701 through a chain.
In operation, the land wheel transmission mechanism 17 drives the driven shaft 1701 to rotate so as to drive the fertilizer discharging shaft 1402 to rotate, and the fertilizer discharger 1401 is driven by the rotation of the fertilizer discharging shaft 1402 to discharge fertilizer.
The layered fertilizing and deep scarification seeder of the invention works:
the layered fertilizing and deep-loosening seeder disclosed by the invention operates under the driving of a tractor, a deep-loosening shovel 2 loosens soil deeply and simultaneously opens a fertilizer ditch, fertilizer in a fertilizer box 14 is discharged into a layered fertilizing device 16 through a fertilizer pipe 15 under the driving of a land wheel mechanism 17, layered fertilization is realized through the layered fertilizing device 16, and then the front press wheel 4 presses to prevent seeds from falling into the fertilizer ditch opened by the deep-loosening shovel 2 in the subsequent process. The seed trench is opened by the ditching device 20, the land wheel driving mechanism 17 drives the air-blowing type seed sowing device 8 to drop the corn seeds from the seed guiding pipe 12, the corn seeds fall into the opened seed trench to realize precision sowing, and finally the pressing wheel 19 presses the corn seeds.
When the operation is improper, the seeding operation is carried out under the condition that the fan 13 is not started, the seed knocking situation can occur, and the air-blowing seed sowing device 8 can stop working when the seed knocking occurs. At this time, the air-blowing seed sowing device 8 with the quick disassembly function can be quickly and conveniently disassembled to clear the seeds clamped in the seed sowing plate 801, thereby realizing normal operation.
When the air-blowing type seed metering device 8 is in a working state, a seed metering disc 801 is arranged on a seed metering shaft 804, an upper shell opening device 9 is arranged in a through hole of an upper shell and a lower shell, and a pin shaft 903 at one end of a stud 901 of the opening device is pressed on a seed metering device shell 810 to tightly press the upper shell and the lower shell. The seed cleaning knife position adjusting handle 703 is positioned at the bottom end of the arc groove 704. When the air-blowing seed metering device 8 is disassembled, the opening device adjusting handle 902 of the upper shell opening device 9 is rotated, so that the screw pin shaft 903 passes through the groove of the linear limiting hole 818, and the seed metering device shell cover 809 is opened. The seed cleaning knife 701 clamped in the seed discharging disc 801 is moved out by sliding the seed cleaning knife position adjusting handle 703 along the arc-shaped groove 704, then the self-locking pin 808, the gasket 807 and the seed discharging disc spring 806 which are sleeved on the seed discharging shaft 804 are sequentially taken down, finally the seed discharging disc 801 arranged on the seed discharging shaft 804 is taken down, and the seeds clamped in the seed discharging disc 801 are cleaned.
Claims (6)
1. A layered fertilizing and deep loosening seeder, which comprises a frame (1), a fan (13), a deep loosening mechanism (5), a fertilizing mechanism, a seeding mechanism and a land wheel driving mechanism (17); wherein,
the seeding mechanism comprises an air-blowing seed sowing device (8) and a parallel four-bar linkage mechanism;
the method is characterized in that:
the air-blowing type seed metering device (8) comprises a seed metering device shell cover (809), a seed metering device shell (810), a seed metering shaft (804), a seed metering disc quick dismounting device and a seed cleaning knife position adjusting device;
the seeding unit shell (810) is formed by a feed hopper (811) and a barrel-shaped shell (813) in an integrated mode;
the seed cleaning knife position adjusting device comprises a seed cleaning knife (701), a seed cleaning knife shaft (702), a seed cleaning knife position adjusting handle (703), a seed cleaning knife stud (705), a seed cleaning knife position adjusting spring (706) and a shaft clamp (709);
a circular hole (708) is formed at the bottom of the cylindrical shell (813) and fixedly connected with a boss (707), an arc groove (704) is formed on the circumference of the bottom of the cylindrical shell (813) by taking the circular hole (708) as the circle center, and a seed metering device fixing boss (814) is fixedly connected to the back of the cylindrical shell (813); a threaded connecting hole is formed in the seed metering device fixing boss (814), and the air-blowing type seed metering device (8) is connected with the parallel four-connecting-rod (10) through the seed metering device fixing boss (814) through a bolt;
the seed cleaning cutter shaft (702) penetrates through a round hole (708) on the cylindrical shell (813), and is fixed on the back of the cylindrical shell (813) by a shaft clamp (709); a seed cleaning knife stud (705) penetrates through the arc groove (704), and a seed cleaning knife position adjusting handle (703) is connected to the back of the cylindrical shell (813) in a threaded mode; one end of the seed cleaning knife (701) is fixedly connected to the seed cleaning knife shaft (702), and the other end is fixedly connected to the seed cleaning knife stud (705);
a certain gap is reserved between the shaft clamp (709) and the back surface of the cylindrical shell (813); one end of a seed cleaning knife position adjusting spring (706) is hung on the seed cleaning knife shaft (702), and the other end is hung on the boss (707);
the seed plate quick dismounting device comprises a seed plate (801), a seed plate spring (806), a limiting gasket (807) and a self-locking pin (808);
wherein, the seed sowing plate (801) which is formed by the disc and the ring in an integrated way is provided with a central hole (822), a positioning hole (803), a plurality of grooves (802) and a shaped hole; the seed metering disc is characterized in that a plurality of grooves (802) are arranged along the circumferential direction of a disc of the seed metering disc (801), two positioning holes (803) are symmetrically arranged relative to a central hole (822), a plurality of shaped holes are arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the circular ring of the seed metering disc (801) in a penetrating manner, seed cleaning knife grooves for accommodating seed cleaning knives (701) are arranged on the inner circumferential surface of the circular ring on one side of the seed metering disc (801) along the penetrating shaped holes, and a central hole protrusion (823) is arranged on the circumferential edge of the central hole on the other side of the seed metering disc (;
a row of shaft discs are arranged along the outer circumference of the seeding shaft (804) at a certain distance from the shaft end part at one end of the seeding shaft (804), and two positioning pins (805) are fixedly connected with the circumferential direction of the seeding shaft discs; a central hole (822) of the seed metering disc (801) is sleeved on the seed metering shaft (804) and abuts against the seed metering shaft disc, and a positioning pin (805) on the seed metering shaft disc penetrates through a positioning hole (803) of the seed metering disc (801);
the other end of the seeding shaft (804) passes through the central hole at the bottom of the cylindrical shell (813);
the seed metering disc spring (806) is arranged outside the central hole bulge (823), between the seed metering shaft disc and the limiting gasket (807), a hole is formed in the shaft end part of the seed metering shaft (804), and the self-locking pin (808) penetrates through the hole and is fixed on the seed metering shaft (804).
2. The layered fertilizing and subsoiling seeding machine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that:
the fertilizing mechanism comprises fertilizer boxes (14), a fertilizer pipe (15) and a layered fertilizer applicator (16), wherein the two fertilizer boxes (14) are fixed on the rack (1) and are respectively positioned on two sides of the fan (13);
the layered fertilizer applicator (16) comprises a fertilizer adjusting groove (1601), a sliding groove (1602), a fertilizer groove lug (1603), a bolt (1604), a bottom layer fertilizer sheet (1605), a fertilizer feeding pipe (1606), a fertilizer applying pipe fixing plate (1607) and a fertilizer applying pipe (1608);
a fertilizer inlet pipe (1606) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the fertilizer application pipe (1608), the upper end and the lower end of the fertilizer application pipe (1608) are communicated, one side of the fertilizer application pipe (1608) is provided with a plurality of fertilizer application holes (1609), the other side of the fertilizer application pipe is fixedly connected with a fertilizer application fixing plate (1607), a layered fertilizer applicator (16) is fixedly connected to the deep scarification shovel (2) through the fertilizer application fixing plate (1607), the lower edge of the fertilizer application hole (1609) except the lowest fertilizer application hole (1609) is fixedly connected with a sliding chute (1602), one end of an adjustable fertilizer groove (1601) is inserted into the fertilizer application hole (1609) along the lower edge and the side edge of the fertilizer application hole (1609), the lower part of the other end is fixedly connected with a fertilizer groove lug (1603), and the fertilizer groove lug (1603) is slidably arranged in the sliding chute (1602); the bottom layer fertilizer piece (1605) is inserted into and fixed in the fertilizing hole (1609) at the lowest end along the lower edge of the fertilizing hole (1609) at the lowest end, the lower end of the fertilizing pipe (1608) is sealed, and the fertilizer box (14) is connected with the fertilizer feeding pipe (1606) through the fertilizer pipe (15).
3. The layered fertilizing and subsoiling seeding machine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that:
a positioning boss (816) and a hook (817) are oppositely arranged on the outer side of the circumference of the seed metering device shell cover (809); a positioning hole (819) is formed in the positioning boss (816), a groove is formed in the inner surface of the positioning boss (816), and a protruding portion is formed in the outer surface of the positioning boss (816);
a connecting boss (815) and a connecting shaft (812) are arranged on the outer side of the circumference of the cylindrical shell (813), and correspond to a positioning boss (816) and a hook (817) which are oppositely arranged on the outer side of the circumference of the seed metering device shell cover (809); a linear limiting hole (818) is arranged on the connecting boss (815);
the seed metering device shell cover (809) and the seed metering device shell (810) are buckled together to form a closed chamber, and a hook (817) on the seed metering device shell cover (809) is hung on a connecting shaft (812) of the seed metering device shell (810) to form rotary connection.
4. The layered fertilizing and subsoiling seeding machine as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that:
the air-blowing type seed metering device (8) further comprises a seed metering device shell cover opening device (9), wherein the seed metering device shell cover opening device (9) comprises an opening device stud (901), an opening device adjusting handle (902), a stud pin shaft (903), a stud gasket (904) and a stud spring (905); wherein the opening device stud (901) passes through a boss (816) of the seed metering device shell cover (809) and a linear limiting hole (818) of a connecting boss (815) of the seed metering device shell (810); one end of a stud (901) of the opening device is fixedly connected with an adjusting handle (902) of the opening device, the other end of the stud (901) of the opening device is provided with a hole, and a stud pin shaft (903) penetrates through the hole to be arranged; a stud gasket (904) and a stud spring (905) are sleeved on the opening device stud (901), one end of the stud spring (905) is fixed on the protruding part of the positioning boss (816) of the seeding unit shell cover (809), and the other end of the stud spring is in contact with the stud gasket (904).
5. The layered fertilizing and subsoiling seeding machine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that:
the number of the grooves (802) of the seed discharging disc is four.
6. The layered fertilizing and subsoiling seeding machine as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that:
the number of the fertilizing holes (1609) is three, and the number of the fertilizing fixing plates (1607) is two.
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| CN201610081243.1A CN105519273B (en) | 2016-02-05 | 2016-02-05 | A kind of layer by layer manuring subsoiling seeder |
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| CN201610081243.1A CN105519273B (en) | 2016-02-05 | 2016-02-05 | A kind of layer by layer manuring subsoiling seeder |
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| CN105519273B true CN105519273B (en) | 2017-05-31 |
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| CN109511300B (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2022-03-18 | 华中农业大学 | Monomer profile modeling rape normal position layering accuse is compared fertilizing and seeding machine |
| CN109463077A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-03-15 | 南京农业大学 | Electrically controlled digital seeding fertilizer distributor |
| CN110121954A (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2019-08-16 | 河北农业大学 | Liquid top application machine for corn |
| CN110320941B (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2021-07-16 | 中国农业大学 | Automatic control system for downward pressure of seeding monomer based on soil firmness monitoring |
| CN110583186A (en) * | 2019-10-19 | 2019-12-20 | 江苏原元生物工程有限公司 | Apparatus suitable for fertilizer application |
| CN111955081B (en) * | 2020-09-22 | 2024-03-08 | 安徽邓氏机械制造有限公司 | Intelligent traction type precise fertilizing and seeding machine |
| CN112616336B (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-12-07 | 江苏大学 | Rotary tillage seeding ditching suppression double entry workover rig |
| CN114402752B (en) * | 2022-01-10 | 2022-11-01 | 永好智能科技(江苏)有限公司 | Wide-ridge double-row unequal-torque wide-narrow-row delta-shaped unit multi-plant seeder |
| CN114982431B (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2023-08-04 | 北京德邦大为科技股份有限公司 | Air-blowing type forage no-tillage planter and planting process |
| CN117084025B (en) * | 2023-10-19 | 2024-01-02 | 安徽农业大学 | Wheat spring-cold test seeding device |
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| BR9903060A (en) * | 1999-04-23 | 2001-03-20 | Justino De Moraes Irmaos S A | Vegetable seed distributor for a sowing implement |
| CN201315739Y (en) * | 2008-12-03 | 2009-09-30 | 河北省农业机械化研究所有限公司 | Combine with subsoiling and deep fertilization |
| CN202697216U (en) * | 2012-08-01 | 2013-01-30 | 黑龙江省海轮王农机制造有限公司 | Plough-free deep-loosening layered-fertilizing precision corn sowing machine |
| US9155242B2 (en) * | 2013-01-02 | 2015-10-13 | Cnh Industrial America Llc | Low torque and vacuum seed meter |
| CN203369085U (en) * | 2013-05-30 | 2014-01-01 | 中国农业大学 | Pneumatic combined hole type precise corn seed discharging device |
| CN203537800U (en) * | 2013-09-18 | 2014-04-16 | 中国农业大学 | Internal air inflation blowing type precise corn seeding apparatus |
| WO2015158900A1 (en) * | 2014-04-17 | 2015-10-22 | Maschio Gaspardo S.P.A. | Sowing element for pneumatic precision seed drills |
| CN204217357U (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2015-03-25 | 庞集中 | No-tillage subsoiling separated layer fertilization wheat sowing machine |
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| CN204810930U (en) * | 2015-07-29 | 2015-12-02 | 黑龙江德沃科技开发有限公司 | Strength formula vegetable -seed planter seed metering ware |
| CN205336774U (en) * | 2016-02-05 | 2016-06-29 | 中国农业大学 | Layer by layer manuring seeder loose deeply |
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