CN105518428A - Centre of mass measuring instrument and measuring method thereof - Google Patents

Centre of mass measuring instrument and measuring method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105518428A
CN105518428A CN201480004095.2A CN201480004095A CN105518428A CN 105518428 A CN105518428 A CN 105518428A CN 201480004095 A CN201480004095 A CN 201480004095A CN 105518428 A CN105518428 A CN 105518428A
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China
Prior art keywords
under test
object under
balance stem
knife
edge
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CN201480004095.2A
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CN105518428B (en
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赵喜峰
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SZ DJI Osmo Technology Co Ltd
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Shenzhen Dajiang Innovations Technology Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M1/00Testing static or dynamic balance of machines or structures
    • G01M1/12Static balancing; Determining position of centre of gravity

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • A Measuring Device Byusing Mechanical Method (AREA)
  • Testing Of Balance (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

A centre of mass measuring instrument, comprising: a balance rod (11), with a supporting knife-edge piece (112) provided below the centre of the balance rod (11), and measuring knife-edge pieces (113) respectively provided on two sides equidistantly from the supporting knife-edge piece (112), an object to be tested being supported above the centre of the balance rod (11); a knife-edge pedestal (12), which supports the supporting knife-edge piece (112); and two electronic scales (13) respectively supporting the measuring knife-edge pieces (113). When the centre of mass of an object to be measured is off-centre, there will be a difference between the readings of the two electronic scales (13). When the balance rod (11) of the centre of mass measuring instrument reaches a predetermined horizontal state, a force represented by the difference between the readings of the two electronic scales (13) is multiplied by the distance between the measuring knife-edge piece (113) and the supporting knife-edge piece (112) to obtain a moment caused by the centre of mass of the object being off-centre, then the moment is divided by the weight of the object to be tested to obtain the off-centre distance of the centre of mass of the object to be tested according to the principle of moments. Also provided is a centre of mass measuring method which uses the centre of mass measuring instrument described above.

Description

Centroid measurement instrument and measuring method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of measuring technique, particularly relate to surveying instrument and the measuring method thereof of mass center position of object.
Background technology
Barycenter is the mass centre of object, and be also the center of suffered gravity when gravity field is even, it is the important parameter needing Accurate Measurement in numerous engineering field, has very important Practical significance, is called bias when barycenter departs from the geometric center point of setting.Such as, unmanned plane (UnmannedAerialVehicle, the barycenter of the aerial camera UAV) has very important meaning for the design of the The Cloud Terrace of positioning camera, barycenter deviation has very large impact for the stability of The Cloud Terrace, therefore in the urgent need to a kind of instruments and methods of mensuration mass center position of object of high-accuracy general.
The centroid measurement instrument that more existing markets can be found has specific application scenario usually, and when running into concrete measurement and requiring, the range that usually can there is measurement is excessive, or the problem such as measuring accuracy is inadequate.And the gauge systems complicated structure on market.
Summary of the invention
The technical matters that the embodiment of the present invention mainly solves is to provide a kind of centroid measurement instrument and measuring method thereof, and can realize the measurement of object mass center simply and easily, measurement result precision is higher, and can carry out the measurement of various article, has versatility.
On the one hand, the invention provides a kind of centroid measurement instrument, comprising:
Balance stem, the central lower of described balance stem is provided with bearing edge block, and is respectively equipped with the both sides of described bearing edge block same distance and measures edge of a knife block, and the overcentre of described balance stem supports object under test;
Edge of a knife seat, bearing edge block described in described edge of a knife seat supports; And
Two electronic scales support described measurement edge of a knife block respectively, when the barycenter of object under test is eccentric, described two electronic scales have the difference of registration, described centroid measurement instrument is when described balance stem reaches predetermined horizontality, the moment that the barycenter bias that the distance that the differential force of described two electronic scale registrations is multiplied by described measurement edge of a knife block and bearing edge block obtains object under test produces, then according to principle of moments by the barycenter eccentric distance of moment divided by the gravity acquisition object under test of object under test.
Described two electronic scales select precision to be the electronic scale of 0.001g.
Described centroid measurement instrument also comprises two jacking gears for supporting described two electronic scales, and regulates the horizontality that the height of described two electronic scales makes described balance stem reach predetermined.
Described centroid measurement instrument also comprises instrument base, for edge of a knife seat described in horizontal support and two jacking gears.
Described centroid measurement instrument also comprises the positioning fixture parts for locating object under test, and described positioning fixture parts comprise horizontal location fixture and vertical positioning fixture, and described horizontal location fixture is connected to described balance stem.
Described horizontal location fixture and described vertical positioning fixture detachably exchange and are connected to described balance stem.
The overcentre of described balance stem offers chute, described horizontal location fixture and described vertical positioning fixture are respectively equipped with reference column, and described horizontal location fixture or described vertical positioning fixture are snap-fit attachment to described balance stem by described reference column and described chute.
Described edge of a knife seat offers wire casing towards the surface of described bearing edge block, and described bearing edge block has point of a knife, and described point of a knife inserts in described wire casing.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the present invention additionally provides the centroid measurement method using above-mentioned surveying instrument, comprises the steps:
Adjustment bar reaches predetermined horizontality, by regulating the height of the electronic scale that registration is larger in two electronic scales, makes two electronic scales all have positive registration, and thinks the horizontality that balance stem reaches predetermined when the registration of both sides is approximately zero;
Object under test location is placed on the overcentre of described balance stem, the step of re-adjustments balance stem level, obtains the difference of the registration of two electronic scales; And
According to the barycenter eccentric distance of principle of moments formulae discovery object under test, the moment that the barycenter bias obtaining object under test by the distance differential force of described two electronic scale registrations being multiplied by described measurement edge of a knife block and bearing edge block produces, then according to principle of moments by the barycenter eccentric distance of moment divided by the gravity acquisition object under test of object under test.
The difference of the registration of described two electronic scales is by first recording the difference of the registration of described two electronic scales for first time difference, then object under test left and right sides reversing of position is reorientated the overcentre being placed into described balance stem, the step of re-adjustments balance stem level, the difference now recording the registration of two electronic scales is second time difference, by getting the mean value of difference and second time difference for the first time to obtain the difference of the registration of two electronic scales.
Described centroid measurement method also comprises provides positioning fixture parts object under test location to be placed on the overcentre of described balance stem, the moment that the resultant couple deduction positioning fixture parts utilizing positioning fixture and object under test to produce when calculating the barycenter eccentric distance of object under test produce.
Described principle of moments formula selects W t=G × L=F 1× L 1, wherein L is the barycenter eccentric distance of object under test, F 1for the differential force of described two electronic scale registrations, L 1for the setpoint distance of described measurement edge of a knife block and bearing edge block, G is the gravity of object under test, and when calculating the barycenter eccentric distance of object under test, the deduction of moment is converted into the differential force of described two electronic scale registrations of the differential force deduction positioning fixture parts generation of described two electronic scale registrations of positioning fixture and object under test generation.
Described centroid measurement method also comprises object under test and positioning fixture is converted to another both direction in three-dimensional system of coordinate, repeats described measuring process to obtain the barycenter eccentric distance of the object under test of another both direction dimension respectively.
Described centroid measurement method also comprise utilize the accuracy test block of known centroid position replace object under test carry out survey calculation, with the degree of accuracy of verification computation result.
The embodiment of the present invention is by balancing the effect of the edge of a knife and electronic scale, when balance stem reaches predetermined horizontality, record the registration difference of both sides electronic scale, recycling principle of moments formulae discovery goes out the eccentric distance of barycenter, surveying instrument simple structure, measuring method is simple and convenient, has versatility to different object under test, and the edge of a knife and electronic scale can make precision higher.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic perspective view of a kind of centroid measurement instrument that the embodiment of the present invention provides, and it is for measuring the centroid position of camera;
Fig. 2 is the front elevation of the centroid measurement instrument of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the vertical view of the centroid measurement instrument of Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the process flow diagram of a kind of centroid measurement method that the embodiment of the present invention provides;
Fig. 5 is the schematic perspective view of the accuracy test block that the embodiment of the present invention uses.
Main element symbol description
Centroid measurement instrument 100
Camera 200
Centroid measurement parts 10
Positioning fixture parts 20
Balance stem 11
Edge of a knife seat 12
Electronic scale 13
Lifting table 14
Slide unit face 142
Hand-operated rotating shaft 143
Instrument base 15
First horizontal location fixture 21
Second horizontal location fixture 22
3rd vertical positioning fixture 23
4th vertical positioning fixture 24
Assembly 210
Reference column 222
Screw rod 220
Wire casing 120
Chute 111
Bearing edge block 112
Measure edge of a knife block 113
Accuracy test block 16
Following embodiment will further illustrate the utility model in conjunction with above-mentioned accompanying drawing.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the utility model embodiment, be clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the utility model embodiment, obviously, described embodiment is only the utility model part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the utility model, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, all belong to the scope of the utility model protection.
The centroid measurement instrument that the utility model embodiment provides, can simply, the centroid position that convenient, degree of precision measures object under test, the present embodiment, for measuring the centroid position of the aerial camera of high-precision requirement, provides important parameter with the design of the The Cloud Terrace to positioning camera.The surveying instrument of this object mass center comprises centroid measurement parts and positioning fixture parts, and positioning fixture parts design mainly for specific object under test, plays the effect of location object under test reliably.Positioning fixture parts have general positioning fixture in both the horizontal and vertical directions, for being connected with the balance stem of centroid measurement parts, by the exchange in the direction of positioning fixture, can record the three-dimensional centroid position of object under test.
Concrete, referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, is a kind of centroid measurement instrument 100 of the utility model embodiment, for measuring the centroid position of object under test.Described determinand can be but be not limited to as camera 200.This centroid measurement instrument 100 comprises centroid measurement parts 10 and positioning fixture parts 20.These centroid measurement parts 10 mainly comprise balance stem 11, edge of a knife seat 12, two electronic scales 13, two lifting tables 14 and instrument base 15.These positioning fixture parts 20 comprise the vertical positioning fixture of the first horizontal location fixture 21, second horizontal location fixture 22, first 23 and the second vertical positioning fixture 24.This first horizontal location fixture 21 and the second horizontal location fixture 22 are oppositely arranged, and this first vertical positioning fixture 23 and the second vertical positioning fixture 24 are oppositely arranged.The vertical positioning fixture of this first horizontal location fixture 21, second horizontal location fixture 22, first 23 and the second vertical positioning fixture 24 form the assembly 210 of a location object under test jointly, and wherein the first horizontal location fixture 21 is connected to balance stem 11.When direction of measurement converts, first, second horizontal location fixture 21,22 and first, second commutative position of vertical positioning fixture 23,24, namely at least the first horizontal location fixture 21 and the first vertical positioning fixture 23 are provided with reference column 222, are positioned to balance stem 11 for connecting.In assembling with when dismantling this camera 200 to be measured, by the screw rod 220 back-outed on the second horizontal location fixture 22, then camera 200 can be fitted into this assembly 210, or take out from this assembly 210.
The middle upper surface of this balance stem 11 is provided with the chute 111 placing described first horizontal location fixture 21, and described chute 111, for coordinating with reference column 222, is positioned to balance stem 11 to be connected by assembly 210.The lower surface of this balance stem 11 is provided with bearing edge block 112, and the both sides of the lower surface of this balance stem 11 are provided with measures edge of a knife block 113.This edge of a knife seat 12 is arranged at the below of this bearing edge block 112, and this edge of a knife seat 12 is provided with the wire casing 120 that the point of a knife for this bearing edge block 112 contacts towards the surface of this bearing edge block 112.These two electronic scales 13 lay respectively at below these two points of a knife measuring edge of a knife block 113.These two lifting tables 14 lay respectively at the below of these two electronic scales 13.This instrument base 15 is placed on surface level, and its upper surface is plane, for horizontal support said apparatus.
These two electronic scales 13 and lifting table 14 are high precision instrument, have degree of precision to make measurement result.In the present embodiment, these two electronic scales 13 select precision to be the electronic scale of 0.001g.These two lifting tables 14 select precision to be the manual slide unit of Z axis of 0.003mm, and the manual slide unit of each Z axis comprises the slide unit face 142 of horizontal support electronic scale 13, and for being elevated the hand-operated rotating shaft 143 in slide unit face 142.
Camera 200 to be measured is positioned in this assembly 210, and is placed in the centre of balance stem 11.When the barycenter of camera 200 is eccentric, electronic scale 13 under corresponding measurement edge of a knife block 113 is subject to acting force, the height in this slide unit face 142 is now elevated by rotating described hand-operated rotating shaft 143, (now both sides electronic scale 13 all has registration to the horizontality making balance stem 11 reach predetermined, but wherein side registration is approximately 0, namely think and meet predetermined horizontality), the difference of electronic scale 13 registration is the quality that the barycenter of camera 200 departs from center and causes.Now the difference of electronic scale 13 registration is multiplied by and measures edge of a knife block 113 and the distance of bearing edge block 112 and just obtain barycenter and depart from the moment that bearing edge block 112 produces.This principle of moments formula is W t=G × L=F 1× L 1.
Wherein, W tfor the moment that barycenter bias produces; G is mass gravity; L is barycenter eccentric distance; F 1for electronic scale quality registration differential force; L 1for measuring the distance (being designed to 90mm) between edge of a knife block and bearing edge block, partial symbols indicates as shown in Figure 1.
According to above-mentioned principle, barycenter eccentric distance L is the parameter that the utility model embodiment finally will obtain, for obtaining the test value that in above-mentioned principle of moments formula, other parameter is corresponding more accurately, as F 1corresponding electronic scale quality registration difference M a, the method that the utility model embodiment adopts symmetrical expression to measure and then averages obtains.This method of testing flow process specifically describes as follows.
Be put on the platform of maintenance level by the centroid measurement instrument 100 being unkitted setting position fixture parts 20 and camera 200, platform does not have the interference of vibrations and wind etc.
The bearing edge block 112 of balance stem 11 is put on edge of a knife seat 12, the switch (on the panel of electronic scale 13 I/O button) opening electronic scale 13 regulates the spiral of lifting table 14 below electronic scale 13, change the height of electronic scale 13, make balance stem 11 level of approximation.Control method is the height improving the larger electronic scale 13 of registration, regulates in turn, be finally effective as the electronic scale 13 of both sides all has positive registration, and the registration of both sides is approximately for zero (being less than 0.1g).Now can think balance stem 11 level.The difference of two electronic scale 13 registrations is that the barycenter bias of balance stem 11 causes.
After adjustment bar 11 level, after closing the switch of electronic scale 13, reopen electronic scale 13, now, electronic scale 13 resets.
The mass M of camera 200 is measured with the electronic scale (selecting the electronics journey of relatively large journey) of this centroid measurement instrument 100 outside c, the mass M of positioning fixture parts 20 j, the gross mass M between camera 200 and positioning fixture parts 20 t.
Camera 200 and positioning fixture parts 20 are assembled and puts down gently in the middle chute 111 of balance stem 11.Now, electronic scale 13 one end registration be on the occasion of, the other end is negative value, and promoting registration is height on the occasion of one end electronic scale 13, make the registration of other end electronic scale 13 on the occasion of, and be approximately zero.Now, the difference of two described electronic scale 13 registrations is that camera 200 and positioning fixture parts 20 barycenter eccentric throw cause.Write down the registration M of now both sides electronic scale 13 1, M 2.
Take off camera 200 and positioning fixture parts 20, the height of electronic scale 13 is readjusted according to preceding method, balance stem 11 to be regulated level (registration of two ends electronic scale 13 is all less than 0.05g), and then camera 200 and positioning fixture parts 20 left and right sides reversing of position (around vertical axes horizontal rotary turnback) are put down gently in the middle chute 111 of balance stem 11, the same step operation, after adjustment bar 11 level, write down the registration M of both sides electronic scale 13 3, M 4.This step is that symmetrical measurement is averaged, to compensate process and assemble error.
Use formula M a=(| M 1-M 2|+| M 3-M ||/2 calculate M a, be now designated M at.
According to M aand L 1given value, camera 200 and positioning fixture parts 20 all when, M aget M at, aforementioned principle of moments formula can be deformed into wherein L represents L t, M represents M t.
Equally, according to M aand L 1given value, only have positioning fixture exist when (namely not installing camera on surveying instrument), M aget M aj, aforementioned principle of moments formula can be deformed into wherein L represents L j, M represents M j.
Therefore, for camera 200 barycenter eccentric distance, decortication method (i.e. deduction method) expression formula L can be used x=(M t× L t-M j× L j)/M cdraw the camera barycenter eccentric distance in a direction, or use L x=(M at-M aj) × L 1/ M calso the camera barycenter eccentric distance in a direction can be drawn.
Adopt said method, camera 200 and positioning fixture parts 20 are converted to Y, Z-direction, the barycenter eccentric distance of the camera 200 of Y-direction and Z-direction dimension can be obtained respectively.Particularly, camera 200 and positioning fixture parts 20 horizontal rotary are turn 90 degrees just can measure Y-axis barycenter; In addition, camera 200 and positioning fixture parts 20 were fallen, just can measure Z axis barycenter with camera fixture side.
Get an accuracy test block 16 and verify above-mentioned result of calculation, particularly, as Fig. 4, this accuracy test block 16 is the known objects of shape, and its barycenter can be calculated by model, the quality of this accuracy test block 16 equals the quality of camera 200, use this accuracy test block 16 to repeat above-mentioned testing procedure, and go out its barycenter eccentric distance with above-mentioned formulae discovery, then known with model barycenter compares, to verify the measuring accuracy of this surveying instrument, its measuring accuracy error can be less than or equal to 0.01mm.
Be understandable that, in other embodiments, these two lifting tables 14 can be other jacking gear or non-for necessary, and such as this electronic scale 13 has the system of self-regulation table surface height, or just can regulate the height of this electronic scale 13 by minute adjustment pad.Equally, this instrument base 15 can be that a platform replaces.
To sum up, the centroid measurement instruments and methods that the embodiment of this utility model provides can realize the measurement of object mass center simply and easily, and measurement result precision is high, according to the measurement changing different fixtures and can carry out multiple object, has versatility.The edge of a knife and electronic scale can make measurement result comparatively accurate.High-precision electronic scale and jacking gear can improve degree of accuracy further, in addition, and improvement measurement result that symmetrical expression has measured the reduction theory of error also.
The foregoing is only embodiment of the present utility model; not thereby the scope of the claims of the present utility model is limited; every utilize the utility model instructions and accompanying drawing content to do equivalent structure or equivalent flow process conversion; or be directly or indirectly used in other relevant technical fields, be all in like manner included in scope of patent protection of the present utility model.

Claims (14)

1. a centroid measurement instrument, is characterized in that, comprising:
Balance stem, the central lower of described balance stem is provided with bearing edge block, and is respectively equipped with the both sides of described bearing edge block same distance and measures edge of a knife block, and the overcentre of described balance stem supports object under test;
Edge of a knife seat, bearing edge block described in described edge of a knife seat supports; And
Two electronic scales support described measurement edge of a knife block respectively, when the barycenter of object under test is eccentric, described two electronic scales have the difference of registration, described centroid measurement instrument is when described balance stem reaches predetermined horizontality, the moment that the barycenter bias that the distance that the differential force of described two electronic scale registrations is multiplied by described measurement edge of a knife block and bearing edge block obtains object under test produces, then according to principle of moments by the barycenter eccentric distance of moment divided by the gravity acquisition object under test of object under test.
2. centroid measurement instrument as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described two electronic scales select precision to be the electronic scale of 0.001g.
3. centroid measurement instrument as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprise two jacking gears for supporting described two electronic scales, and regulate the horizontality that the height of described two electronic scales makes described balance stem reach predetermined
4. centroid measurement instrument as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, also comprise instrument base, for edge of a knife seat described in horizontal support and two jacking gears.
5. centroid measurement instrument as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, also comprise the positioning fixture parts for locating object under test, described positioning fixture parts comprise horizontal location fixture and vertical positioning fixture, and described horizontal location fixture is connected to described balance stem.
6. centroid measurement instrument as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, described horizontal location fixture and described vertical positioning fixture detachably exchange and are connected to described balance stem.
7. centroid measurement instrument as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, the overcentre of described balance stem offers chute, described horizontal location fixture and described vertical positioning fixture are respectively equipped with reference column, and described horizontal location fixture or described vertical positioning fixture are snap-fit attachment to described balance stem by described reference column and described chute.
8. centroid measurement instrument as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described edge of a knife seat offers wire casing towards the surface of described bearing edge block, and described bearing edge block has point of a knife, and described point of a knife inserts in described wire casing.
9. use a centroid measurement method for the centroid measurement instrument described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, comprising:
Adjustment bar reaches predetermined horizontality, by regulating the height of the electronic scale that registration is larger in two electronic scales, makes two electronic scales all have positive registration, and thinks the horizontality that balance stem reaches predetermined when the registration of both sides is approximately zero;
Object under test location is placed on the overcentre of described balance stem, the step of re-adjustments balance stem level, obtains the difference of the registration of two electronic scales; And
According to the barycenter eccentric distance of principle of moments formulae discovery object under test, the moment that the barycenter bias obtaining object under test by the distance differential force of described two electronic scale registrations being multiplied by described measurement edge of a knife block and bearing edge block produces, then according to principle of moments by the barycenter eccentric distance of moment divided by the gravity acquisition object under test of object under test.
10. centroid measurement method as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that, the difference of the registration of described two electronic scales is by first recording the difference of the registration of described two electronic scales for first time difference, then object under test left and right sides reversing of position is reorientated the overcentre being placed into described balance stem, the step of re-adjustments balance stem level, the difference now recording the registration of two electronic scales is second time difference, by getting the mean value of difference and second time difference for the first time to obtain the difference of the registration of two electronic scales.
11. centroid measurement methods as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that, also comprise and provide positioning fixture parts object under test location to be placed on the overcentre of described balance stem, the moment that the resultant couple deduction positioning fixture parts utilizing positioning fixture and object under test to produce when calculating the barycenter eccentric distance of object under test produce.
12. centroid measurement methods as claimed in claim 11, it is characterized in that, described principle of moments formula selects W t=G × L=F 1× L 1, wherein L is the barycenter eccentric distance of object under test, F 1for the differential force of described two electronic scale registrations, L 1for the setpoint distance of described measurement edge of a knife block and bearing edge block, G is the gravity of object under test, and when calculating the barycenter eccentric distance of object under test, the deduction of moment is converted into the differential force of described two electronic scale registrations of the differential force deduction positioning fixture parts generation of described two electronic scale registrations of positioning fixture and object under test generation.
13. centroid measurement methods as claimed in claim 11, it is characterized in that, also comprise and object under test and positioning fixture are converted to another both direction in three-dimensional system of coordinate, repeat described measuring process to obtain the barycenter eccentric distance of the object under test of another both direction dimension respectively.
14. centroid measurement methods as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that, also comprise and utilize the accuracy test block of known centroid position to replace object under test to carry out survey calculation, with the degree of accuracy of verification computation result.
CN201480004095.2A 2014-09-29 2014-09-29 Centroid measurement instrument and its measuring method Expired - Fee Related CN105518428B (en)

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CN109932130A (en) * 2019-04-09 2019-06-25 中国人民解放军空军特色医学中心 A kind of gravity center measurement device and center of gravity measurement method
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CN112964422B (en) * 2021-02-01 2023-02-28 中国人民解放军63867部队 Centroid testing device and radian determination method of supporting piece
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