CN105499729B - A kind of vacuum brazing method of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride - Google Patents

A kind of vacuum brazing method of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105499729B
CN105499729B CN201610014650.0A CN201610014650A CN105499729B CN 105499729 B CN105499729 B CN 105499729B CN 201610014650 A CN201610014650 A CN 201610014650A CN 105499729 B CN105499729 B CN 105499729B
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boron nitride
powder
cubic boron
polycrystalline cubic
solder
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CN105499729A (en
Inventor
卢金斌
殷振
王广勋
朱其新
刘威
穆云超
马明星
齐芳娟
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Dongying Shengtong Superhard Material Co., Ltd
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Suzhou University of Science and Technology
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K1/00Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
    • B23K1/0008Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering specially adapted for particular articles or work
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K1/00Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
    • B23K1/008Soldering within a furnace
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K1/00Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
    • B23K1/20Preliminary treatment of work or areas to be soldered, e.g. in respect of a galvanic coating
    • B23K1/206Cleaning
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/24Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • B23K35/30Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ceramic Products (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of vacuum brazing method of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride, field is made the invention belongs to superhard cutter.Material requested of the present invention is cutter hub, elemental metals powder and polycrystalline cubic boron nitride.Polycrystalline cubic boron nitride, hard alloy are put into acetone solvent first and cleaned using supersonic wave cleaning machine, AlCoCrFeNiTi high-entropy alloys are prepared as solder using ball milling Al, Co, Cr, Fe, Ni, Ti elemental metals powder method, for vacuum brazing polycrystalline cubic boron nitride.With the boron nitride in polycrystalline cubic boron nitride, ceramic phase enhanced primary treatment can occur for the Ti in solder, realize and high-entropy alloy is generated in good wetting, brazed seam, therefore the cutter manufactured can be used for the metal material of highly-efficient processing high tenacity.Not only cost is low for the technology, and improves production efficiency, adds overall economic efficiency.

Description

A kind of vacuum brazing method of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride
Technical field
The invention belongs to the manufacture skill in tool made of superhard material making field, more particularly to soldering polycrystalline cubic boron nitride instrument Art.
Background technology
Cubic boron nitride(cBN)It is to be obtained after second occurred after artificially synthesizing diamond using super-pressure, high-temperature technology The superhard material obtained, cubic boron nitride and binding agent carry out HTHP sintering and can be made into glomerocryst under conditions of HTHP Cubic boron nitride(PcBN), its mechanics and thermal property influenceed by the species and its content of binding agent, and conventional binding agent has Cobalt, nickel, titanium carbide, titanium nitride, aluminum oxide etc..PcBN has excellent mechanical property and physical property, mainly includes:(1)Tool There is very high hardness and wearability;(2)With very high heat endurance and high temperature hardness.CBN heat resistance up to 1400~ 1500 DEG C, hardness and Al at 800 DEG C2O3The normal temperature hardness of/TiC ceramics is approached;(3)With higher chemical stability; (4)With good thermal conductivity;(5)With relatively low coefficient of friction.The coefficient of friction of cBN and different materials 0.1~0.3 it Between, it is significantly less than the coefficient of friction (0.4~0.6) of hard alloy.To make cutting tool, PcBN and cutter hub are often subjected to pricker Weldering, because polycrystalline cubic boron nitride can bear high temperature and with good chemical inertness, the object generally processed is strong Ductile Metals, therefore the solder for carrying out soldering to polycrystalline cubic boron nitride will also have good high-temperature behavior and intensity etc., But due to cBN and binding agent chemical inertness, most metals in normal solder to polycrystalline cubic boron nitride it is moist compared with Difference, is difficult to realize the soldering of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride.
High-entropy alloy generally by more than five element constituent element according to grade atomic ratio or close to etc. atomic ratio alloy, its The entropy of mixing is higher than the fusion entropy of alloy, generally forms the alloy of high entropy solid solution phase, it has good comprehensive mechanical property.It is high The constituent element of entropy alloy is more, makes metallic element diffusion velocity in high temperature slower, generally with good high-temperature behavior, if Contain certain Ti elements in high-entropy alloy, being suitable as solder is used for the soldering of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to prepare solder using the high-entropy alloy containing Ti, further improves polycrystalline cubic boron nitride soldering The temperature in use of instrument, because high-entropy alloy possesses a variety of constituent elements, diffusion velocity is slower in the insulating process of high temperature brazing, leads to Single solid solution or two kinds of solid solution are commonly formed, and high-entropy alloy has high intensity, high rigidity, high-melting-point and high-wearing feature, adopts With the high-entropy alloy soldering polycrystalline cubic boron nitride containing Ti, Ti therein and cubic boron nitride progress interfacial reaction, generation TiN, TiB2, also, Ni, Co in high-entropy alloy the titanium carbide in polycrystalline cubic boron nitride, titanium nitride can be achieved good profit It is wet, while Ti can also realize cBN, Al2O3Good wetting, so as to realize the connection of high intensity, and high-entropy alloy is high temperatures Cutter can be made to bear high temperature in process, the highly-efficient processing of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride is realized.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention, comprises the following steps:
(1)The preparation of solder:Using the purity of elemental metals silty amount more than 99.9%, by mass percentage, 9 ~ 12% are taken Al powder, 14 ~ 16% Ti powder, 14 ~ 16% Cr powder, 18 ~ 21% Fe powder, 18 ~ 21% Co powder, 18 ~ 21%Ni powder, in inertia Ball milling mixing is uniform in atmosphere, and particle size range is made in 20-80 micron AlCoCrFeNiTi high-entropy alloys, solder is used as.Ball The technological parameter of mill is:Using ball milling is carried out in ball mill, Ar gas atmosphere, grinding ball material agate, metal powder and abrading-ball are used Volume ratio is 1:6-8, rotating speed is 260 ~ 320 revolutions per minute, and ball milling 24 ~ 30 hours obtains solder;
(2)Cleaning:Polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting, cutter hub are cleaned using supersonic wave cleaning machine, and are added in cleaning machine Organic solvent is cleaned up;
(3)Solder slurries are prepared and coated:Solder slurries are made in solder and pressure sensitive adhesive in mass ratio 1: 1.2 ~ 1.5, and Solder slurries are coated in the welding surface of blade, cutter hub;
(4)The fixing assembling of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride:It is that cutter hub, middle level are that solder slurries, upper strata are glomerocryst according to bottom The pattern fixing assembling of cubic boron nitride blade is part to be welded together;
(5)Vacuum brazing:Fixed part to be welded is put into vacuum brazing furnace, the vacuum for controlling vacuum brazing furnace is 10-4~10-3Pa, first keeps 20-40min under the conditions of 280 DEG C, then is warming up to 500 ~ 650 DEG C and is kept for 5 ~ 7 minutes, then heats up 5 ~ 7 minutes are incubated to 950-1050 DEG C, 1200 ~ 1250 DEG C is next warming up to and is kept for 4 ~ 8 minutes, finally with stove natural cooling To less than 100 DEG C, braze-welding cubic boron nitride cutter is made.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1)The process of the present invention, as solder, can make full use of its distinctive diffusion by using high-entropy alloy Speed is slow, the characteristic insensitive to composition transfer, brazed seam is obtained the high articulamentum of high temperature resistant, intensity, adapts to polycrystalline cubic nitrogen Change the requirement that boron processes high-toughness material.Improve production efficiency, comprehensive increase economic benefit.
(2)Contain certain Ti powder in the solder that the present invention is used, can be to various cubes in polycrystalline cubic boron nitride Interfacial reaction occurs for boron nitride, oxide, realizes good wetting, soldering effect is good, and cost is low.
(3)The high-entropy alloy used in soldering of the present invention is insensitive to solder composition transfer, and it is hereby ensured that brazed seam is good Good intensity so that corresponding technical process is simplified, and improves operating efficiency.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The technical solution adopted by the present invention, comprises the following steps:
(1)The preparation of solder:Using the purity of elemental metals silty amount more than 99.9%, by mass percentage, 10% is taken Al powder, 15% Ti powder, 15% Cr powder, 19% Fe powder, 20% Co powder, 21% Ni powder, ball milling mixing is equal in an inert atmosphere It is even, particle size range is made in 20-80 microns of AlCoCrFeNiTi high-entropy alloys, solder is used as.The technological parameter of ball milling:Using Ball milling is carried out in ball mill, using Ar gas atmosphere, grinding ball material agate, metal powder is 1 with abrading-ball volume ratio:7, rotating speed is 290 revolutions per minute, ball milling 28 hours, obtain solder;
(2)Cleaning:Polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting, cutter hub are cleaned using supersonic wave cleaning machine, and are added in cleaning machine Organic solvent is cleaned up;
(3)Solder slurries are prepared and coated:Solder and pressure sensitive adhesive in mass ratio 1: 1.3 are made solder slurries, and by pricker Slurry liquid is coated in the welding surface of blade, cutter hub;
(4)The fixing assembling of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride:It is that cutter hub, middle level are that solder slurries, upper strata are glomerocryst according to bottom The pattern fixing assembling of cubic boron nitride blade is part to be welded together;
(5)Vacuum brazing:Fixed part to be welded is put into vacuum brazing furnace, the vacuum for controlling vacuum brazing furnace is 10-4~10-3Pa, first keeps 30min under the conditions of 280 DEG C, then is warming up to 550 DEG C and is kept for 6 minutes, is then warming up to 1000 DEG C of guarantors Temperature 6 minutes, is next warming up to 1250 DEG C and is kept for 6 minutes, finally naturally cool to less than 100 DEG C with stove, and soldering is made and stands Square boron nitride cutter.
As a result show, the Ti elements in high-entropy alloy and the Al in polycrystalline cubic boron nitride2O3, cubic boron nitride there occurs Interfacial reaction, to polycrystalline cubic boron nitride wetability preferably, cutter hub is realized with polycrystalline cubic boron nitride firmly to be connected high-entropy alloy Connect, and high-entropy alloy is still kept in cutter hub and polycrystalline cubic boron nitride brazed seam.
Embodiment 2
The technical solution adopted by the present invention, comprises the following steps:
(1)The preparation of solder:Using the purity of elemental metals silty amount more than 99.9%, by mass percentage, 11% is taken Al powder, 14% Ti powder, 16% Cr powder, 18% Fe powder, 21% Co powder, 20% Ni powder, ball milling mixing is equal in an inert atmosphere It is even, particle size range is made in 20-80 microns of AlCoCrFeNiTi high-entropy alloys, solder is used as.The technological parameter of ball milling:Using Ball milling is carried out in ball mill, using Ar gas atmosphere, grinding ball material is agate, and metal powder is 1 with abrading-ball volume ratio:8, rotating speed For 320 revolutions per minute, ball milling 30 hours obtains solder;
(2)Cleaning:Polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting, cutter hub are cleaned using supersonic wave cleaning machine, and are added in cleaning machine Organic solvent is cleaned up;
(3)Solder slurries are prepared and coated:Solder and pressure sensitive adhesive in mass ratio 1: 1.5 are made solder slurries, and by pricker Slurry liquid is coated in the welding surface of blade, cutter hub;
(4)The fixing assembling of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride:It is that cutter hub, middle level are that solder slurries, upper strata are glomerocryst according to bottom The pattern fixing assembling of cubic boron nitride blade is part to be welded together;
(5)Vacuum brazing:Fixed part to be welded is put into vacuum brazing furnace, the vacuum for controlling vacuum brazing furnace is 10-4~10-3Pa, first under the conditions of 280 DEG C keep 30 minutes, then be warming up to 650 DEG C keep 5 minutes, be then warming up to 1050 DEG C Insulation 5 minutes, is next warming up to 1200 DEG C and is kept for 8 minutes, finally naturally cool to less than 100 DEG C with stove, soldering is made Cubic boron nitride cutting tool.
As a result show, the Ti elements in high-entropy alloy and the SiO in polycrystalline cubic boron nitride2Occurs boundary with cubic boron nitride Face is reacted, therefore high-entropy alloy solder is good to the wetability of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride, and cutter hub matrix is to polycrystalline cubic boron nitride Firm connection is realized, high-entropy alloy is still kept in its brazed seam, makes brazed seam that there is superperformance, this is conducive to polycrystalline cubic nitrogen work The highly-efficient processing of tool.
Embodiment 3
The technical solution adopted by the present invention, comprises the following steps:
(1)The preparation of solder:Using the purity of elemental metals silty amount more than 99.9%, by mass percentage, 12% is taken Al powder, 16% Ti powder, 14% Cr powder, 20% Fe powder, 20% Co powder, 18% Ni powder, ball milling mixing is equal in an inert atmosphere It is even, particle size range is made in 20-80 microns of AlCoCrFeNiTi high-entropy alloys, solder is used as.The technological parameter of ball milling:Using Ball milling is carried out in ball mill, using Ar gas atmosphere, grinding ball material is agate, and metal powder is 1 with abrading-ball volume ratio:6, rotating speed is 320 revolutions per minute, ball milling 30 hours, obtain solder;
(2)Cleaning:Polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting, cutter hub are cleaned using supersonic wave cleaning machine, and are added in cleaning machine Organic solvent is cleaned up;
(3)Solder slurries are prepared and coated:Solder and pressure sensitive adhesive in mass ratio 1: 1.3 are made solder slurries, and by pricker Slurry liquid is coated in the welding surface of blade, cutter hub;
(4)The fixing assembling of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride:It is that cutter hub, middle level are that solder slurries, upper strata are glomerocryst according to bottom The pattern fixing assembling of cubic boron nitride blade is part to be welded together;
(5)Vacuum brazing:Fixed part to be welded is put into vacuum brazing furnace, the vacuum for controlling vacuum brazing furnace is 10-4~10-3Pa, is first kept for 20 minutes under the conditions of 280 DEG C, then is warming up to 500 holding 5 minutes, is then warming up to 950 DEG C of insulations 7 minutes, next it is warming up to 1250 DEG C and is kept for 6 minutes, finally naturally cool to less than 100 DEG C with stove, braze-welding cubic is made Boron nitride cutter.
As a result show, high-entropy alloy is good to the wetability of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride and hard alloy, hard alloy substrate It is high-entropy alloy to be realized with polycrystalline cubic boron nitride in firm connection, brazed seam, obtained with good high-temperature behavior and intensity Cutter can be used for the highly-efficient processing of high-toughness metal material.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of vacuum brazing method of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride, it is characterised in that described vacuum brazing method includes following Step:
Step 1: the preparation of solder:Using the purity of elemental metals powder more than 99.9%, by mass percentage, take a certain proportion of Al powder, Ti powder, Cr powder, Fe powder, Co powder, Ni powder, its specific mass percent is:9 ~ 12% Al powder, 14 ~ 16% Ti powder, 14 ~ 16% Cr powder, 18 ~ 21% Fe powder, 18 ~ 21% Co powder, 18 ~ 21% Ni powder;Mixed in an inert atmosphere using ball-milling technology Elemental metals powder, is made particle size range in 20-80 microns of AlCoCrFeNiTi, obtains solder;
Step 2: cleaning:Polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting, cutter hub are cleaned using supersonic wave cleaning machine, and are added in cleaning machine Organic solvent is cleaned up;
Step 3: solder slurries are prepared and coated:Solder slurries are made in solder and pressure sensitive adhesive in mass ratio 1: 1.2 ~ 1.5, and Solder slurries are coated in the welding surface of blade, cutter hub;
Step 4: the fixing assembling of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride:It is that cutter hub, middle level are that solder slurries, upper strata are glomerocryst according to bottom The pattern fixing assembling of cubic boron nitride blade is part to be welded together;
Step 5: vacuum brazing:Fixed part to be welded is put into vacuum brazing furnace, vacuum brazing is carried out, braze-welding cubic is made Boron nitride cutter.
2. the vacuum brazing method of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the ball-milling technology Parameter is:Ball milling is carried out in ball mill, in Ar gas atmosphere, grinding ball material is agate, and metal powder is with abrading-ball volume ratio 1:6-8, rotating speed is in 260 ~ 320 revolutions per minute, ball milling 24 ~ 30 hours.
3. the vacuum brazing method of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described vacuum pricker Welding parameter:Vacuum is 10-4~10-3Pa, is first kept for 20-40 minutes, then be warming up to 500 ~ 650 DEG C under the conditions of 280 DEG C Kept for 5 ~ 7 minutes, be then warming up to 950-1050 DEG C and be incubated 5 ~ 7 minutes, be next warming up to 1200 ~ 1250 DEG C and holding 4 ~ 8 Minute, finally naturally cool to less than 100 DEG C, taking-up with stove.
4. the vacuum brazing method of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the polycrystalline cubic Bonding agent in boron nitride is Al2O3Or TiC or TiN or Ni.
5. the vacuum brazing method of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described cutter hub material Expect for hard alloy or steel matrix.
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