A kind of vacuum brazing method of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride
Technical field
The invention belongs to the manufacture skill in tool made of superhard material making field, more particularly to soldering polycrystalline cubic boron nitride instrument
Art.
Background technology
Cubic boron nitride(cBN)It is to be obtained after second occurred after artificially synthesizing diamond using super-pressure, high-temperature technology
The superhard material obtained, cubic boron nitride and binding agent carry out HTHP sintering and can be made into glomerocryst under conditions of HTHP
Cubic boron nitride(PcBN), its mechanics and thermal property influenceed by the species and its content of binding agent, and conventional binding agent has
Cobalt, nickel, titanium carbide, titanium nitride, aluminum oxide etc..PcBN has excellent mechanical property and physical property, mainly includes:(1)Tool
There is very high hardness and wearability;(2)With very high heat endurance and high temperature hardness.CBN heat resistance up to 1400~
1500 DEG C, hardness and Al at 800 DEG C2O3The normal temperature hardness of/TiC ceramics is approached;(3)With higher chemical stability;
(4)With good thermal conductivity;(5)With relatively low coefficient of friction.The coefficient of friction of cBN and different materials 0.1~0.3 it
Between, it is significantly less than the coefficient of friction (0.4~0.6) of hard alloy.To make cutting tool, PcBN and cutter hub are often subjected to pricker
Weldering, because polycrystalline cubic boron nitride can bear high temperature and with good chemical inertness, the object generally processed is strong
Ductile Metals, therefore the solder for carrying out soldering to polycrystalline cubic boron nitride will also have good high-temperature behavior and intensity etc.,
But due to cBN and binding agent chemical inertness, most metals in normal solder to polycrystalline cubic boron nitride it is moist compared with
Difference, is difficult to realize the soldering of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride.
High-entropy alloy generally by more than five element constituent element according to grade atomic ratio or close to etc. atomic ratio alloy, its
The entropy of mixing is higher than the fusion entropy of alloy, generally forms the alloy of high entropy solid solution phase, it has good comprehensive mechanical property.It is high
The constituent element of entropy alloy is more, makes metallic element diffusion velocity in high temperature slower, generally with good high-temperature behavior, if
Contain certain Ti elements in high-entropy alloy, being suitable as solder is used for the soldering of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to prepare solder using the high-entropy alloy containing Ti, further improves polycrystalline cubic boron nitride soldering
The temperature in use of instrument, because high-entropy alloy possesses a variety of constituent elements, diffusion velocity is slower in the insulating process of high temperature brazing, leads to
Single solid solution or two kinds of solid solution are commonly formed, and high-entropy alloy has high intensity, high rigidity, high-melting-point and high-wearing feature, adopts
With the high-entropy alloy soldering polycrystalline cubic boron nitride containing Ti, Ti therein and cubic boron nitride progress interfacial reaction, generation TiN,
TiB2, also, Ni, Co in high-entropy alloy the titanium carbide in polycrystalline cubic boron nitride, titanium nitride can be achieved good profit
It is wet, while Ti can also realize cBN, Al2O3Good wetting, so as to realize the connection of high intensity, and high-entropy alloy is high temperatures
Cutter can be made to bear high temperature in process, the highly-efficient processing of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride is realized.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention, comprises the following steps:
(1)The preparation of solder:Using the purity of elemental metals silty amount more than 99.9%, by mass percentage, 9 ~ 12% are taken
Al powder, 14 ~ 16% Ti powder, 14 ~ 16% Cr powder, 18 ~ 21% Fe powder, 18 ~ 21% Co powder, 18 ~ 21%Ni powder, in inertia
Ball milling mixing is uniform in atmosphere, and particle size range is made in 20-80 micron AlCoCrFeNiTi high-entropy alloys, solder is used as.Ball
The technological parameter of mill is:Using ball milling is carried out in ball mill, Ar gas atmosphere, grinding ball material agate, metal powder and abrading-ball are used
Volume ratio is 1:6-8, rotating speed is 260 ~ 320 revolutions per minute, and ball milling 24 ~ 30 hours obtains solder;
(2)Cleaning:Polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting, cutter hub are cleaned using supersonic wave cleaning machine, and are added in cleaning machine
Organic solvent is cleaned up;
(3)Solder slurries are prepared and coated:Solder slurries are made in solder and pressure sensitive adhesive in mass ratio 1: 1.2 ~ 1.5, and
Solder slurries are coated in the welding surface of blade, cutter hub;
(4)The fixing assembling of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride:It is that cutter hub, middle level are that solder slurries, upper strata are glomerocryst according to bottom
The pattern fixing assembling of cubic boron nitride blade is part to be welded together;
(5)Vacuum brazing:Fixed part to be welded is put into vacuum brazing furnace, the vacuum for controlling vacuum brazing furnace is
10-4~10-3Pa, first keeps 20-40min under the conditions of 280 DEG C, then is warming up to 500 ~ 650 DEG C and is kept for 5 ~ 7 minutes, then heats up
5 ~ 7 minutes are incubated to 950-1050 DEG C, 1200 ~ 1250 DEG C is next warming up to and is kept for 4 ~ 8 minutes, finally with stove natural cooling
To less than 100 DEG C, braze-welding cubic boron nitride cutter is made.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1)The process of the present invention, as solder, can make full use of its distinctive diffusion by using high-entropy alloy
Speed is slow, the characteristic insensitive to composition transfer, brazed seam is obtained the high articulamentum of high temperature resistant, intensity, adapts to polycrystalline cubic nitrogen
Change the requirement that boron processes high-toughness material.Improve production efficiency, comprehensive increase economic benefit.
(2)Contain certain Ti powder in the solder that the present invention is used, can be to various cubes in polycrystalline cubic boron nitride
Interfacial reaction occurs for boron nitride, oxide, realizes good wetting, soldering effect is good, and cost is low.
(3)The high-entropy alloy used in soldering of the present invention is insensitive to solder composition transfer, and it is hereby ensured that brazed seam is good
Good intensity so that corresponding technical process is simplified, and improves operating efficiency.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The technical solution adopted by the present invention, comprises the following steps:
(1)The preparation of solder:Using the purity of elemental metals silty amount more than 99.9%, by mass percentage, 10% is taken
Al powder, 15% Ti powder, 15% Cr powder, 19% Fe powder, 20% Co powder, 21% Ni powder, ball milling mixing is equal in an inert atmosphere
It is even, particle size range is made in 20-80 microns of AlCoCrFeNiTi high-entropy alloys, solder is used as.The technological parameter of ball milling:Using
Ball milling is carried out in ball mill, using Ar gas atmosphere, grinding ball material agate, metal powder is 1 with abrading-ball volume ratio:7, rotating speed is
290 revolutions per minute, ball milling 28 hours, obtain solder;
(2)Cleaning:Polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting, cutter hub are cleaned using supersonic wave cleaning machine, and are added in cleaning machine
Organic solvent is cleaned up;
(3)Solder slurries are prepared and coated:Solder and pressure sensitive adhesive in mass ratio 1: 1.3 are made solder slurries, and by pricker
Slurry liquid is coated in the welding surface of blade, cutter hub;
(4)The fixing assembling of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride:It is that cutter hub, middle level are that solder slurries, upper strata are glomerocryst according to bottom
The pattern fixing assembling of cubic boron nitride blade is part to be welded together;
(5)Vacuum brazing:Fixed part to be welded is put into vacuum brazing furnace, the vacuum for controlling vacuum brazing furnace is
10-4~10-3Pa, first keeps 30min under the conditions of 280 DEG C, then is warming up to 550 DEG C and is kept for 6 minutes, is then warming up to 1000 DEG C of guarantors
Temperature 6 minutes, is next warming up to 1250 DEG C and is kept for 6 minutes, finally naturally cool to less than 100 DEG C with stove, and soldering is made and stands
Square boron nitride cutter.
As a result show, the Ti elements in high-entropy alloy and the Al in polycrystalline cubic boron nitride2O3, cubic boron nitride there occurs
Interfacial reaction, to polycrystalline cubic boron nitride wetability preferably, cutter hub is realized with polycrystalline cubic boron nitride firmly to be connected high-entropy alloy
Connect, and high-entropy alloy is still kept in cutter hub and polycrystalline cubic boron nitride brazed seam.
Embodiment 2
The technical solution adopted by the present invention, comprises the following steps:
(1)The preparation of solder:Using the purity of elemental metals silty amount more than 99.9%, by mass percentage, 11% is taken
Al powder, 14% Ti powder, 16% Cr powder, 18% Fe powder, 21% Co powder, 20% Ni powder, ball milling mixing is equal in an inert atmosphere
It is even, particle size range is made in 20-80 microns of AlCoCrFeNiTi high-entropy alloys, solder is used as.The technological parameter of ball milling:Using
Ball milling is carried out in ball mill, using Ar gas atmosphere, grinding ball material is agate, and metal powder is 1 with abrading-ball volume ratio:8, rotating speed
For 320 revolutions per minute, ball milling 30 hours obtains solder;
(2)Cleaning:Polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting, cutter hub are cleaned using supersonic wave cleaning machine, and are added in cleaning machine
Organic solvent is cleaned up;
(3)Solder slurries are prepared and coated:Solder and pressure sensitive adhesive in mass ratio 1: 1.5 are made solder slurries, and by pricker
Slurry liquid is coated in the welding surface of blade, cutter hub;
(4)The fixing assembling of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride:It is that cutter hub, middle level are that solder slurries, upper strata are glomerocryst according to bottom
The pattern fixing assembling of cubic boron nitride blade is part to be welded together;
(5)Vacuum brazing:Fixed part to be welded is put into vacuum brazing furnace, the vacuum for controlling vacuum brazing furnace is
10-4~10-3Pa, first under the conditions of 280 DEG C keep 30 minutes, then be warming up to 650 DEG C keep 5 minutes, be then warming up to 1050 DEG C
Insulation 5 minutes, is next warming up to 1200 DEG C and is kept for 8 minutes, finally naturally cool to less than 100 DEG C with stove, soldering is made
Cubic boron nitride cutting tool.
As a result show, the Ti elements in high-entropy alloy and the SiO in polycrystalline cubic boron nitride2Occurs boundary with cubic boron nitride
Face is reacted, therefore high-entropy alloy solder is good to the wetability of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride, and cutter hub matrix is to polycrystalline cubic boron nitride
Firm connection is realized, high-entropy alloy is still kept in its brazed seam, makes brazed seam that there is superperformance, this is conducive to polycrystalline cubic nitrogen work
The highly-efficient processing of tool.
Embodiment 3
The technical solution adopted by the present invention, comprises the following steps:
(1)The preparation of solder:Using the purity of elemental metals silty amount more than 99.9%, by mass percentage, 12% is taken
Al powder, 16% Ti powder, 14% Cr powder, 20% Fe powder, 20% Co powder, 18% Ni powder, ball milling mixing is equal in an inert atmosphere
It is even, particle size range is made in 20-80 microns of AlCoCrFeNiTi high-entropy alloys, solder is used as.The technological parameter of ball milling:Using
Ball milling is carried out in ball mill, using Ar gas atmosphere, grinding ball material is agate, and metal powder is 1 with abrading-ball volume ratio:6, rotating speed is
320 revolutions per minute, ball milling 30 hours, obtain solder;
(2)Cleaning:Polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutting, cutter hub are cleaned using supersonic wave cleaning machine, and are added in cleaning machine
Organic solvent is cleaned up;
(3)Solder slurries are prepared and coated:Solder and pressure sensitive adhesive in mass ratio 1: 1.3 are made solder slurries, and by pricker
Slurry liquid is coated in the welding surface of blade, cutter hub;
(4)The fixing assembling of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride:It is that cutter hub, middle level are that solder slurries, upper strata are glomerocryst according to bottom
The pattern fixing assembling of cubic boron nitride blade is part to be welded together;
(5)Vacuum brazing:Fixed part to be welded is put into vacuum brazing furnace, the vacuum for controlling vacuum brazing furnace is
10-4~10-3Pa, is first kept for 20 minutes under the conditions of 280 DEG C, then is warming up to 500 holding 5 minutes, is then warming up to 950 DEG C of insulations
7 minutes, next it is warming up to 1250 DEG C and is kept for 6 minutes, finally naturally cool to less than 100 DEG C with stove, braze-welding cubic is made
Boron nitride cutter.
As a result show, high-entropy alloy is good to the wetability of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride and hard alloy, hard alloy substrate
It is high-entropy alloy to be realized with polycrystalline cubic boron nitride in firm connection, brazed seam, obtained with good high-temperature behavior and intensity
Cutter can be used for the highly-efficient processing of high-toughness metal material.