CN1054964C

CN1054964C - Method for hybridizing and feeding crucian carp

Info

Publication number: CN1054964C
Application number: CN96115193A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 董文治
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1996-04-03
Filing date: 1996-04-03
Publication date: 2000-08-02
Anticipated expiration: 2016-04-03
Also published as: CN1135834A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for artificially crossing and domesticating domestic crucian carps. The method is characterized in that a healthy, disease-free and perfect red crucian carp is selected as a male parent and healthy, a disease-free and perfect golden carp is selected as a female parent; artificial inducement for spawning is carried out for the female parent which is artificially fertilized by the semen of the male parent; fertilized eggs are incubated in debonding running water; the young fishes swim to a pond when growing lumbab, are bred by fertilizer at prior period, and are domesticated and cultivated by granule bait when growing to five centimeters. The filial generation of fishes obtained by the method has especially obvious crossing advantages of fast growth, strong stress resistance, good familiar performance, easy domestication, feed saving, broad body, large specification of adult fishes, fresh flesh odor, good daintility, high yield, etc., and is suitable for cultivation in large area.

Description

A kind of artificial hybridization and the method for raising and train tame crucian

The invention belongs to the method that obtains the crucian hybrid new breed by artificial hybridization.

Crucian meat flavour deliciousness, nutritious, be the aquatic products that China people generally like, but the output of crucian is very limited in natural, ecological, is difficult to simultaneously fish for, therefore do not satisfy the demand in market far away.At present some places utilize the pond culture crucian, and effect is more remarkable, but average weight has only 100 grams, and the listing specification is not ideal enough, simultaneously in natural world also difficulty fish for a large amount of wild carp seeds, large tracts of land is promoted certain difficulty.At the problems referred to above, " method of a kind of artificial hybridization and culture of crucian carp " developed in big Min Tun fishing ground, Xinmin City, Liaoning Province, utilize wild male crucian to make male parent, wild or domestic female carp hybridizes as female parent, and the bait formula of the science of employing and domestication nursing, and the quality of hybridization crucian meat is identical with crucian, and body weight can reach more than 400 grams, and fast growth is suitable for cultivating large area, to satisfy the demand in market.But because hybridization crucian wild nature the proximities bigger and people is poor, thus waste feed when culturing, also influence growth rate and further improve, also there is the relatively poor problem of figure simultaneously.For this reason, again develop " artificial hybridization and the method for raising and train stupid crucian carp " thereafter, employing and the red crucian that people's proximities is better, the figure is attractive in appearance are done male parent, wild or domestic carp is cooked female parent, hybridize and raise and train, the filial generation fishing gear of hybridization have with the people get close to, the domestication time shortens, save advantages such as feed, and figure's better appearance.But this hybridization crucian is because its maternal carp has wild nature, thereby remains in certain wild nature, and domestication also needs certain hour, and the input of bait also needs further to reduce.

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of being breeded fish by family fully and carry out artificial hybridization and raise and train and obtain the method for tame crucian carp, hybrid generation fish and people's proximities are better, and it is easier to raise and train, and more economizes feed, and the bodily form is generous, and output is higher.

Select for use red crucian as the hybridization male parent in the method for the present invention, select for use bright and beautiful carp maternal, hybridize and acclimatization culture as hybridization.Because the ancestors of red crucian are wild carps, red crucian is again the older generation of goldfish, red crucian through people raise and train for a long time with seed selection after, the aspectual character that had both had wild carp, whole body is draped a band of red silk over sb.'s shoulders and is had a well filled-out figure again, glad person of modern times, and can adapt to various environment of indoor and outdoor and multiple feed, be the desirable male parent fish of cultivating hybridization crucian new varieties.And bright and beautiful carp originates in China, import Japan, Germany etc. into all over the world, carp is its ancestors, through over the past thousands of years artificial domestication and seed selection, it has formed healthy figure, gay colours, magnificent speckle, docile personality and people's proximities are good, are cultivate artificial hybridization crucian new varieties desirable maternal.

The present invention is male parent (♂) with red crucian, is female parent (♀) with bright and beautiful carp, carries out the artificial hybridization test, obtains more satisfactory filial generation fish.Method of the present invention is as follows: selecting healthy anosis, sexually matured red crucian for use is male parent, select for use healthy anosis, sexually matured bright and beautiful carp for maternal, in mating season female parent is carried out artificial induced spawning, carry out artificial insemination with male parent testicular fluid, carry out the hatching of unsticking flowing water, treat that juvenile fish grows waist and puts the pool at present, early stage is based on rich water, during to five centimetres, carry out the granular bait for fish acclimatization culture to long.

Advantage of the present invention is: the hybrid generation fish that obtains with this method is because his father's female parent all is domestic pet fish, so claim tame crucian, its personality is happy to the person of modern times, very suitable intensive culture; Because adopt the intergeneric cross of edge far away, gratifying atavism appears in the filial generation fish of hybridization, no matter how bright-coloured father and mother are for body colour, entirely and filial generation fish body colour be silvery white, genus dominant inheritance, so resistance is extremely strong, disease resistance, hypoxia-bearing capability are particularly outstanding; Its growth rate is near maternal bright and beautiful carp (♀), the near partially red crucian of male parent of bodily form feature, and the bodily form of fish is generous, and the adult fish specification is big, and the summer flower fish can grow then to more than 200 grams, more than the sheet fish can grow then and restrain to 500 the spring, and the delicious flavour good palatability; Because father and mother originally are that domestic pet fish and people's proximities are very good, therefore raise and train easily, economize feed especially, can make full use of all the animal and plant food resources in the water, meat feed ratio is 1: 1.2 to 1: 1.5, economic benefit is unprecedented.

Provide embodiment below.

Embodiment

The male red crucian of healthy anosis, the sexually matured 2-6 order of collection is earlier cooked male parent (♂) individuality and preferably reaches about the 100-250 gram; Gather healthy anosis, sexually matured bright and beautiful carp (Japanese bright and beautiful carp, German bright and beautiful carp, Chinese bright and beautiful carp all can, pattern is not limit) and do female parent (♀) individuality and be preferably in more than 500 grams, the fish order is preferably the 3-6 order.In mating season, give the raun oxytocin injection, impel raun that ovum is produced in container, promptly push the sexual gland of milter (red crucian) then with finger with test-tube method, make seminal fluid directly drop on the fish-egg or drop in 50% and in 500-100 physiological saline doubly, stir fertilization 1-2 minute with fish-egg immediately, smart ovum is mixed, hatch with talcum powder or mud unsticking flowing water after slightly quiet 2-3 minute, also can be with fertilized egg unsticking not, allow it evenly be bonded at and carry out circuit hatching or the hatching of net cage hydrostatic on brown sheet or the bolting silk, water temperature is controlled between 16-22 ℃.Treat 5-7 days hatching of fertilized egg process, juvenile fish grows waist point can descend the pool, and the following pool is suitably dropped into nitrogenous-phosphatic manure and fed a little soya-bean milk based on rich water early stage, to promote that microorganism breeds in a large number, grows in the water, supplies fish edible.Promptly begin later on to carry out the granular bait for fish acclimatization culture to 5 centimetres to juvenile fish is long, fish is formed follow the conditioned reflex that sound is looked for food, culture and form marketable fish.

Claims

1, a kind of artificial hybridization and the method for raising and train tame crucian, select healthy anosis, sexually matured male parent fish and maternal fish for use, then maternal fish is carried out artificial induced spawning, the insemination of employing manual method, the hatching of unsticking flowing water, juvenile fish to be hatched grows waist and puts the pool at present, carries out the granular bait for fish acclimatization culture, it is characterized in that: the male parent fish is selected red crucian for use, and maternal fish is selected bright and beautiful carp for use.

2, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: can select Japanese bright and beautiful carp, German bright and beautiful carp and Chinese bright and beautiful carp for use as maternal bright and beautiful carp.

3, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that; As the red crucian of male parent, its individual weight 100-250 gram, a year order makes at 2-6; As maternal bright and beautiful carp, they are more than individual weight 500 grams, and year order is the 3-6 order.